Unit 2 How often do you exercise核心词汇及语法讲解练习（无答案） 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册

八上Unit 2 How often do you exercise？
一、词汇变形
1. one (num. 一) — (adv. 一次) — (第一)
2. two (num. 二) — (adv.两次）— (第二）
3. swing (v. 使……摆动) — (过去式)
4. little (adj. 少的) — (比较级：更少的) — (最高级：最少的)
5. health (n. 健康) — (adj. 健康的) — (adv. 健康地)
— (反义词：不健康的) — (反义词：不健康地)
6. die (v. 死) — (n. 死亡) — (adj. 垂死的) — (adj. 死的 )
7. write (v. 写) — (n. 作者；作家)
【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空
Most parents don’t think it is ______________（health）for children to stay up too late at night.
Lao She is a great ______________（write）and he’s especially famous for his play, Teahouse.
If people don’t exercise, the illness can go into their ______________ (body) easily.
It takes ______________（little）time to go there by underground than by bus.
Jim got ten ______________ (point)in the basketball match.
Take the medicine______________(two) a day, and you’ll feel better.
Jack ______________(do) his homework every day.
Mr. Li______________(teach) English in our school five years ago.
At______________(little)ten students were late for school this morning.
Many boys like playing football because they think it’s______________(relax).
二、单词回顾
help v.&n.帮助——helpful adj.有帮助—helpless adj.无助的
随便吃／喝(某物) 忍不住做某事
帮助某人做某事
【即学即练】我经常在星期天帮助父母做家务.
I often_______ my parents_________ housework on Sundays.
housework n(un.).家务——homework (un.)家庭作业——schoolwork(un.)学业
【即学即练】青少年在完成他们的作业后应该做些家务。
Teenagers should after they finish their homework.
辨sometimes, some times, sometime 与 some time
sometimes 频度副词 ＂有时;间或＂,相当于at times,可位于句首、句中和句末. 对其提问要用 how often.
some times 名词短语 ＂几次;几回＂,其中time 为可数名词,意为＂次;回＂. 对其提问要用 how many times.
sometime 副词 ＂在某时＂,表示某个不确定或不具体的时间,常用于过去时或将来时. 对其提问要用when.
some time 名词短语 “一段时间＂,常与延续性动词连用. 对其提问要用how long.
【即学即练】
1.Tom often goes to school by bus but _____ ____ her mother drives her to school.
A.sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time
2.I have ever been to（去过）Shanghai_________, I think it’s beautiful.
A.sometime B. sometimes C.some times D. some time
3. 填空
Everybody needs a shoulder to cry on in life, my dear.
I've read the article . It's educational.
We must get together .
After hearing that news, he remained silent for .
hardly ever 几乎从不，频率副词，提问用how often
一次 两次 每周三次
① 辨hardly与hard
hardly 副词 ＂几乎不＂,表示否定含义.
hard 副词 努力地;猛烈地， 努力工作
形容词 困难的;坚硬的， 困难的工作
【即学即练】
1. My brother has a good habit. He_______ stays up late and he often gets up early.
A. usually B. always C. hardly ever D. often
2. Tom studies , so he fails the exam.
A.hardly;hardly B.hard;hardly C.hard;hard D.hardly;hard
3. My daughter studies . She goes to sleep before 11 p.m.
A.hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hardly D. hardly; hard
② 由how构成的其他疑问短语的用法:
短语 含义 用法 答语
how far 多远 提问距离 5 meters、10 minutes' walk 等表示距离的词语
how long 多长时间 提问时间 for+时间段
多长 提问物体长度 10 meters 等表示长度的词语
how soon 多久以后 提问时间 in+时间段
how old 多大 提问年龄 12 years old 等表示年龄的词语
how much 多少钱 提问价格 5 dollars、2 yuan a kilo等表示价格的词语
多少 提问不可数名词的量 a lot of、3 glasses(of)等用于表示不可数名词的量的词语
how many 多少 提问可数名词的数量 100等具体的基数词或 several 等修饰可数名词的词语
how many times 多少次 提问次数 once、twice、three times 等表示具体次数的词或短语
【即学即练】
1. -________ will the train arrive
-In three hours..
A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How much
2. It’s five-minute walk from my home to my school.（对划线部分提问）
is it from your home to your school
3. I usually play volleyball. （对划线部分提问）
do you play volleyball
4. —________ is the lemonade（柠檬水）in MiXueBingCheng
—Four yuan a cup.
A.How many B.How far C.How much D.How old
5. ________ monkeys are there in the zoo
A.How often B.How long C.How much D.How many
free adj.空闲的，免费的，自由的 反：busy adj.忙碌的=full
在某人的空闲时间 自由地去做，随意去做
full/ful/ adj.忙的;满的;饱的
充满=be filled with
【即学即练】
Life is full of beauty as long as you watch carefully.
Life beauty as long as you watch carefully.
Life is_______ ups and downs. Never give up.
A.filled of B.full with C.full of D.fill with
How come 怎么会呢
既可独立使用,也可在其后接句子,用来询问事情的缘由或状况.
why 与how come
why 后接的句子要用疑问语序. Why are you late again 你为什么又迟到了呢
How come 后接的句子要用陈述语序. How come you are late again 你怎么又迟到了呢
have to 不得不,必须
用法：①后跟动词原形 ②有人称、数和时态的变化 ③变否定句或疑问句时要借助助动词do的适当形式
have to 与 must
have to 强调客观需要,含有＂不得不＂和＂被迫＂的意思. 有人称、时态和数的变化.
must 强调主观需要,指主观上认为自己有义务去做. 没有人称、时态和数的变化.
【即学即练】
1. -Mike, I can't stop playing computer games.
-For your eyes, my dear friend, I'm afraid you________.
A. could B. may C. would D. have to
2. She look after her little brother.她不得不照顾她的弟弟。
3. —She has to do the dishes now （改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
— she do the dishes now
—Yes, .
maybe /'meibi/adv.大概;或许;可能
辨 maybe与may be
maybe 副词,常位于句首作状语,意为＂大概;或许;可能＂,相当于perhaps. Maybe she is a doctor.＝ She may be a doctor.她可能是一名医生.
may be 为＂情态动词＋动词原形”结构,在句中作谓语,意为＂可能是＂.
【即学即用】
1.________ he is ill. So he ________ at home now.
A.May be; may be B.Maybe; may be C.Maybe; may D.May; may be
2.—Whose bag is it
—_______ it is Lily's, because she sat on the sofa just now.
A.May B.May be C.Maybe D.Would be
stay up 熬夜 常与late、all night等连用
【即学即用】
学生不应该熬夜,因为他们需要充足的睡眠.
Students should not________ _________ because they need enough sleep.
拓＂动词＋up"型的其他短语:
look up make up
put up set up
pick up take up
at least 至少;不少于;起码。 least/li:st/ adv.最小;最少 adj.& pron.最小的;最少的
“至多;不超过＂.
【即学即用】
你应该每天睡至少八小时。
You should sleep for eight hours every day.
你一次最多能借三本书、
You can borrow three books once.
be good to 对······友好 相当于 be friendly/kind to,后面一般接sb..
be good at 擅长······ 后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语,同义短语为do well in.
be good with 善于应付·····;对······有办法 后接sb.或sth..
【即学即用】
1. -I think washing hands every day is good________ our health.
-Yes, I agree with you.
A. to B. with C. for D. at
2.In fact, sugar and salt are not good babies, or you.
A.with B.for C.to D.at
result/ri'zalt/n.结果;后果
______________结果;因此 ______________由于____________ ······的结果
【即学即用】
1. -Do you know Liu Hui finally entered a top school
-Certainly. That's the________ of his hard work.
A. habit B. suggestion C. result D. decision
percent/p (r)'sent/n.百分之······（单复数同形）
one percent 百分之一 thirty percent百分之三十
“基数词+percent+of the+名词”意为“百分之……的……”，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面名词的单复数。
【即学即用】
1.Twenty percent of the students (agree)with you.百分之二十的学生赞同你。
2.Thirty percent of the time (pass).百分之三十的时间过去了
3.Almost fifty percent of the students in our class (be) born in 2006.
4.About the students took part in the camp.
A.40 percent B.40 percents C.40 percent of D.40 percents of
the answer to........·的答案／回答
the key to······的钥匙／答案／关键 the ticket to·····的票
although/o:l' u/conj.虽然;尽管;即使，相当于though,引导让步状语从句.
重点：在英语中，表示“虽然……但是……”时，although与but不能同时使用
Eg.Although the machine is old, it still runs well.→The machine is old, but it still runs well.
尽管这台机器旧了，但是依然运转得很好。
【即学即练】
1._______ the water was cold, the young man jumped into it to save others.
A.Although B.When C.If D.Because
2._______Bob is very tall, ________he can't play basketball.
A./; but B.Although; but C.Because; so D./; although
3.__________ the man is rich, ____________ he is not happy.
A.Although; but B. Although; / C. But; although D. Although; so
through/θru:/ prep.以;凭借;穿过（穿过;通过：多指穿过门、窗、洞、森林、城市、隧道等.）
辨across, through, over 与 cross
across 介词 从物体表面横过 I went across the road.我穿过了马路.
through 从物体内部穿过 The thief got in through the window.窃贼是从窗户进来的.
over 从物体上方越过 She climbed over the wall.她翻过墙去.
cross 动词 相当于go across He crossed the Atlantic twice.他两次横渡大西洋.
【即学即练】
1.The old man is a good swimmer，and even now he often swims _______ Tuojiang River after supper.
A.over　　 B.through　　 C.cross　　 D.across
2.-I left my keys in the room. I want to get in the window.
-Oh, it's too dangerous. You'd better wait for your mother to come back.
A.across B. through C. past D. over
3. You can only achieve success_______ hard work.
A. across B. above C. through D. into
mind/maind/n.头脑;心智 v.介意
___________________改变某人的主意___________________下定决心;决定
________________________牢记······ ________________________介意某人做某事
such as 与 for example
such as 通常用来例举同类人或事物中的几个例子，其前一般用逗号隔开
for example 一般只例举同类人或事物中的一个，用逗号与前后隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末
spend v.度过;花费 过去式：
________________________和某人共度时光
________________________某人在某物上花费时间／金钱
________________________某人花费时间／金钱做某事
【即学即练】
1.She does well in many subjects, math, physics and Chinese.
A.so B.because C.such as D.for example
2. Mr.Smith spends two hours (read) books a day.
3. I spent two hours learning English.（改为同义句）
It me two hours study English.
16-year-old 十六岁的（复合形容词）
由＂基数词-可数名词单数-形容词＂构成的复合形容词,意为“十六岁的”,常用在名词前作定语或表语.
【即学即练】
1. Liu Yu, a________ boy from Shandong, is a running star.
A. fifteen-years-old B. fifteen years old C. fifteen-year-old
2．Wu Dajing, a Chinese skater, set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup last year.
A.25-years-old B.25 year old C.25-year-old D.25 years old
before conj.在…之前，引导的时间状语从句
Before I left, I asked her to give it to anyone else in need of the umbrella.
before prep. 在······以前 其后可接名词或代词.
In China, people usually clean up their houses to sweep away bad luck before the Spring
Festival.在中国,人们通常在春节前打扫房子以扫除厄运.
【即学即练】
Please make sure the news is true_________ you spread(传播)it.
A. before B. after C. until D. because
三、语法巩固
【频度副词】
1.不表示具体次数的频度副词（按频率从高到低排列）
2.表示具体的频率、次数时，通常用once a week（一周一次），twice a month（一月两次），three times a year（一年三次）等。
【注意】once or twice一两次 two or three times 两三次 three or four times 三四次
【即学即练】
1.—Do you often go to the gym
—No, ________. I don’t like sports at all.
A.always B.never C.sometimes D.usually
2.I don’t think fast food is good for our health, so I ______ go to Mac Donald.
A.hardly B.always C.usually D.often
3.Mr. Liu ______ watches TV. He thinks watching TV is a waste(浪费) of time.
A. often B. seldom C. always D. usually
4.Bob dislikes coffee, so he almost ______ drinks it.
A. often B. always C. never D. ever
三、频度副词的位置
频度副词一般放在实义动词前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后（实前be情助后），有时为了强调，频度副词也可位于句首。
I’m always happy to see her. 我见到她总是很开心。
She doesn’t always go to school by bus. 她并不总是乘公共汽车去上学。
I can never forget it. 我永远不会忘记这件事。
Usually we have lunch at school. 我们通常在学校吃午饭。
四、对频度副词的提问 重点
对频度副词进行提问常用疑问词组 ，表示“多久一次”。
【即学即练】
1.-Millie, ______ do you take the course in DIY
-Every Saturday afternoon.
A.how long B.how far C.how much D.how often
四、题型训练
课后巩固
一、根据句意和首字母提示填空，完成下列句子
1．—How o________ does your mother shop
—Twice a week.
2．I also like English. But math is my f________ subject.
3．Some children often surf the I________ with the help of their parents.
4．We u________ play soccer on weekdays.
5．A________ for him, he is nothing but a dog. Don't be angry with him.
6．Do you know the r________ of the football match
7．I didn't have breakfast because of my toothache. I will see the d________this afternoon.
8．Her uncle n________ watches football match. He doesn't like football at all.
9．—What is your favorite TV p________？
—Sports news.
10．—How many t________ have you been to Beijing
—Only once.
二、单项选择
1. There are quite a few books on the shelf, but ________ of them is useful to me.
A. all B. some C. none D. any
2. When the man went ________ the forest alone, he lost his way and felt afraid.
A. through B. cross C. across D. crossing
3. —Can you catch what I said
—Sorry, I can ________ understand it because you speak very quickly.
A. almost B. probably C. mostly D. hardly
4. It is said that there are over 5, 000 kinds of languages in the world.
A. more than B. less than C. more or less D. as many as
5. If we want to be thinner and healthier, we should eat ________ food and take ________ exercise.
A. less; more B. more; less
C. more; fewer D. fewer; more
6. Thirty percent of the boys ________ to school by bicycle.
A. goes B. go C. going D. to go
7. ________ American people and British people speak the same language, their cultures are quite different.
A. Since B. If C. Although D. Because
三、完成句子
1.他至少一周打两次篮球。
He plays basketball twice a week.
2.我认为放松最好的方式就是通过锻炼。
I think relax is exercise.
3. Jane担心她在美国的 16 岁女儿的健康。
Jane is the health of her daughter in the USA.
4.我对测试的结果一点不惊讶。
I am surprised at the result .
Jim每周熬夜少于三次。
Jim three times a week.
我经常帮他学习英语。
I often __________ him __________ his English.
约翰喜欢在户外锻炼。
John likes ____________ __________ in the open air.
我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。
I can’t eat any more. I am _________ ________.
9. 每天进行锻炼，对你的健康是有好处的。
_____________ ___________ for your health to exercise everyday.
四．短文填空
Do you have a friend who comes from a different country Do you want to know ___1___ it is like to have this foreign friend eating, watching football matches and hanging out with you Well, let me share my experience with you!
It all began in April. His name is Jean, a boy ___2___ the age of 14 from France. My family held a welcome party, which gave him a big ___3___. He never thought he could be so lucky to meet such a lovely family!
The first thing I noticed about him was his politeness. When we were eating together, he always said “thanks” when my parents cooked food for him.
As I got to know him ___4___, I found out we had a common interest—football. He told me that he liked PSG, a French football club, so we watched the Europe Champion League together. When PSG ___5___ a point, he hit the sofa and sighed（叹气）. When ___6___ got a point, he cheered and shared his happiness with me.
Also, ___7___ of us like spending time doing outdoor activities. We once went on a trip to Shuangshan Island, where we rode horses and enjoyed ourselves. He said that he liked the trees there very much and ___8__ them reminded（使想起……） him of trees back in France.
How time ___9___! We still wanted to do many ___10___ interesting things together, but it was already time to say goodbye. I felt happy to have the chance to share such unforgettable memories with my new French friend.
2. 3. 4. 5.
7. 8. 9. 10.
五、阅读理解
The 31st FISU World University Games, or Summer Universiade（大运会）, which was held in Chengdu, Sichuan Province on Jul.28 and ended on Aug.8, is a big sport event around the world. “Rong Bao”, as a mascot（吉祥物）of the Games, plays an important role in promoting the Games. It means “Treasure（珍宝）of Chengdu” in English.
The designer of “Rong Bao” is Zhang Xiaojun, a famous cartoon designer in China. And Chengdu, the host city of the 31st Summer Universiade, is also the hometown of the pandas, so the mascot is derived（起源于）from a panda named Zhi Ma, which is a national treasure. The mascot “Rong Bao” is a smiling cartoon panda. It is running happily with a torch（火炬）. And the torch is flared with the number “31”, and the panda’s face is printed with style of Sichuan opera（川剧）face, and the ears, eyes, and tail also seem to be in flames（火焰）.
The fire has a very special meaning for people in Chengdu. Firstly, Chengdu has lots of tasty and delicious food. Without fire, we wouldn’t enjoy this kind of Chengdu cuisine. So fire is of great importance for Chengdu. What’s more, it symbolizes the Sichuan opera, intangible cultural heritage craft（非遗手艺）and we can see some amazing opera shows with fire. All the things leave a good impression to foreigners. At last, it passes the warmth of Chengdu to others. It means the friendliness of Chengdu people and all the people are welcomed in China.
“Rong Bao” represents youth and energy, so it’s quite popular with Chinese and foreigners. Do you want to have such a special mascot
1. When did FISU World University Games start
A. July 28 B. Aug 8 C. July 16 D. Aug 20
2. What does “Rong Bao” look like
A. He has no ears. B. He is a real panda.
C. He looks like a smiling rabbit. D. He has a torch in his hand.
3. Why is Rong Bao popular with people around the world
A. Because Rong Bao represents youth and energy.
B. Because Rong Bao is a cartoon panda.
C. Because it’s designed by Zhang Xiaojun.
D. Because it symbolizes the Sichuan opera, intangible cultural heritage craft.
4. Which of the following sentences is TRUE
A. People in Chengdu don’t use fire. B. The mascot is derived from a panda named Hua Hua.
C. People are welcomed in Chengdu. D. Foreigners don’t have a good impression on Sichuan opera.
六、完形填空
The name “junk food” first appeared in 1972. Over the years, it has become popular 1 many people. People like it because they don’t need to spend much time 2 . In fact, some junk food sometimes tastes 3 .
What is junk food This is a difficult question. Different people may give different 4 . For example, hamburgers and French fries are junk food.
Other foods, such as roast potatoes and bread, are not junk food 5 they have a little nutrition (营养). Also, candy and soft drinks are junk food because they have a lot of sugar, but honey and juice 6 not.
Junk food has a lot of fat, salt or 7 . Scientists believe that eating a lot of junk food makes people get fat. People 8 also have heart disease（疾病）and tooth problems if they eat 9 junk food. Although many people agree that junk food is 10 they still love it.
（ ）1. A.between B.among C.in D.by
（ ）2. A.wait B.to wait C.waiting D.waited
（ ）3. A.good B.well C.wonderfully D.beautifully
（ ）4. A.questions B.answers C.problems D.messages
（ ）5. A.but B.because C.although D.so that
（ ）6. A.do B.does C.is D.are
（ ）7. A.water B.color C.sugar D.nutrition
（ ）8. A.can B.need C.may D.have to
（ ）9. A.much too B.too much C.too many D.many
（ ）10. A.healthy B.unhealthy C.delicious D.sweet