外研版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Friends forever单元测试（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Friends forever单元测试（含答案） |  | |
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Unit 4 Friends forever单元测试
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. I really enjoyed seeing all the ______ faces after all these years.
A. individual B. familiar C. comfortable D. anxious
2. ______ your timely help, we managed to finish the work in time.
A. Despite B. At the sight of C. Thanks to D. In return for
3. A good education will ______ us to make more contributions for our country.
A. enable B. prefer C. acquire D. prove
4. He had invited nearly all his classmates to his 18th birthday party, but only one third of them ______.
A. turned on B. turned to C. turned over D. turned up
5. ______ education doesn’t mean that the students can ignore their academic performance.
A. Quality B. Personality C. Creativity D. Opportunity
6. When we talk about banning mobile phones in school, we should also look at the good side. In a word, we should not ______.
A. kill two birds with one stone B. throw the baby out with the bathwater
C. do in Rome as Romans do D. have butterflies in our stomach
7. The newcomer is so shy that she tends to ______ herself from the rest of her classmates.
A. maintain B. prove C. postpone D. distance
8. The website is ______ twice a day to keep up with the current affairs.
A. updated B. illustrated C. detailed D. contacted
9. My uncle has a taste for ______ in the wild, and he has promised to take me on his next trip.
A. humor B. adventure C. creativity D. comment
10. The lady ______ is wearing a pair of glasses is our English teacher.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
11. We like to watch the TV program ______ tells about the lives of wild animals.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
12. I like to read stories ______ endings are out of expectation.
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
13. The hero ______ we talked about just now will come to give us a speech next week.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. as
14. The photo album reminded me of the things and people ______ had left a deep impression on me when I was in Junior High School.
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
15. Mary wouldn’t like to say anything to her mother ______ might make her upset.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从16-35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将其涂黑。
Making friends is a skill. Like most skills，it 16 with practice. If you want to meet people and make friends，you must be able to take some action. You must first go 17 there are people. You won’t make friends staying home alone. 18 a club or a group，for talking with those who like the same things as you do is 19 easier. 20 join someone in some activities.
Many people are 21 when talking to people. After all，meeting 22 means facing the unknown. And it’s human nature to feel a bit uncomfortable about the 23 . Most of our fears about dealing with new people come from doubts about ourselves. We think other people are judging us，find us too tall or too short，too 24 or too fat. 25 don’t forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to 26 yourself as you are，and try to put the other person at ease(舒适). And you’ll feel more 27 .
Try to act self-confidently(自信地) even if you don’t feel that way 28 you enter a room full of strangers，such as a new classroom，walk tall and straight，look directly at other people and 29 . If you see someone you’d like to 30 something to，don’t wait for 31 person to start a conversation.
Just meeting someone 32 doesn’t mean that you will make friends with that person— 33 is based on mutual(相互的) liking and “give and take”. It takes 34 and effort to develop. And there are things that 35 a new friendship from growing.
16．A．produces B．improves C．increases D．raises
17．A．where B．when C．why D．what
18．A．Join in B．Attend C．Join D．Take part
19．A．very B．more C．ever D．much
20．A．Or B．But C．So that D．Either
21．A．nervous B．excited C．worried D．happy
22．A．friends B．classmates C．strangers D．teachers
23．A．unknown B．rich C．poor D．old
24．A．big B．thick C．kind D．thin
25．A．So B．Then C．But D．Too
26．A．receive B．accept C．think D．find
27．A．friendly B．comfortable C．nice D．good
28．A．before B．after C．until D．when
29．A．laugh B．smile C．stare D．speak
30．A．say B．tell C．speak D．talk
31．A．another B．other C．the other D．others
32．A．young B．old C．small D．new
33．A．love B．friendship C．dislike D．care
34．A．money B．trouble C．time D．information
35．A．stop B．start C．have D．help
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Global Essay Competition
The John Locke Institute encourages young people to develop the characteristics that turn good students into great writers. Our Essay Competition invites students to explore a wide range of challenging and interesting questions beyond the limits of the school curriculum (课程).
All of our essay prizes are judged by senior academics from the University of Oxford. The judges will choose their favourite essay from each subject category and an overall “best essay” across six subjects: Philosophy, Politics, Economics, History, Psychology and Law.
Entry Requirements
Entry is open to students from any country. Candidates must be eighteen years old, or younger, on the date of the submission deadline, 30 June. Candidates for the Junior Prize must be fourteen years old, or younger, on the date of the submission deadline. Each essay should address only one of the questions in your chosen subject category, and must not exceed (超过) 2, 000 words.
Key Dates
30 June: Submission deadline
14 July: Short-listed candidates informed
26 August: Awards Dinner for the Junior Prize
2. September: Awards Dinner for the Economics Prize and other prizes
Prizes
There is a prize for the best essay in each category. The prize for each winner of a subject category, and the winner of the Junior category, is a scholarship worth US $2,000 towards the cost of attending any John Locke Institute programme, and the essays will be published on the Institute’s website. The prize-giving ceremony will take place in Oxford.
The candidate who submits the best essay overall will be awarded an honorary John Locke Institute Junior, Fellowship, which comes with a US $10, 000 scholarship to attend one or more of our summer schools.
36．What should the entry be about
A．The limits of school courses. B．The characteristics of great writers.
C．One of the given questions. D．Anything in the chosen fields.
37．What is NOT true about the competition
A．It sets a word limit on essays.
B．It has six subject categories.
C．Its prizes are judged by voting online.
D．It is open to any student regardless of his or her nationality.
38．Those who want to compete for the Junior Prize should not be over _________years old.
A．10 B．14 C．18 D．20
39．When will the Law Prize winner attend the awards dinner
A．On 30 June. B．On 14 July.
C．On 26 August. D．On 2 September.
40．What will the overall best essay candidate receive
A．A fellowship at Oxford University. B．A summer school scholarship.
C．A chance to get published. D．A US $1, 000 award.
B
I’ll soon be the birthday of one of my closest friends, Susie. I still cannot decide what to give her. She’s a rare friend because she has been there for me all the time whenever I need a friend to talk to. I can always depend on her to be the first to arrive to give me advice when I have problems. I guess I am so lucky to have her as a friend.
It’s more than seven years since I first met Susie in our school. I joined the theater group and she was a director then. At first I thought she was intimidating but in the end I realized that she needed to keep a strict image (形象) in order to make her actors, and actresses take her seriously. And then during practice I got a chance to know her better. In fact, she was a friendly and warmhearted person. Soon we become good friends.
I don’t know exactly what to give my friend on her birthday as I believe she has everything. So it’s really hard to buy her a gift she will like. This year I want something different and special but I don’t know what to give. One day I searched the Internet without any purpose and to my surprise there is a really lovely site where we can buy all kinds of gifts.
I scanned (浏览) some of their items and I found cool and exciting gifts. I chose a special personalized bracelet (手镯). I’m sure that this will look perfect on her. I put our names as part of the design of the bracelet so that it’ll remind us that we’ll be good friends forever. I can’t wait to give her my gift but I won’t tell her yet. I don’t want to destroy the surprise.
41．The writer considers Susie as a rare friend because ________.
A．Susie is good at solving problems. B．Susie is a friendly and warmhearted person.
C．Susie and the writer have lots of things to talk about.
D．Susie can always offer help when the writer is in need.
42．The underlined word “intimidating” in paragraph 2 most probably means “________”.
A．satisfying B．frightening C．friendly D．warm-hearted
43．Finally the writer found a nice gift for her friend ________.
A．without difficulty B．while searching online
C．with the help of her friend D．while shopping in a store
44．The writer put their names in the bracelet in order to ________.
A．give her friend a big surprise B．make the present more special
C．make her friend remember their friendship forever
D．make her friend remember the difference between them
45．This passage mainly tells us ________.
A．the importance of a gift B．the importance of a friend
C．a special gift for a special friend D．a way to get along with a friend
C
When you are a kid, gaining a best friend forever can happen in a single play date. But when you grow up to be an adult, making and maintaining friendships gets harder. So how much quality time (优质时光) do you need before that stranger becomes your friend A new study recently found that, on average, it takes about 50 hours with someone before you consider them a casual (感情不深的) friend, about 90 hours before you become real friends, and about 200 hours to become close friends.
The study’s author Jeffrey Hall, a communications professor, invited adults who are eager to make friends to take part in two experiments — people who had just moved to a new city in the past six months and college freshmen. He asked them to rate and track the degree of closeness and time spent together with a new person. “Results suggest that the chance of changing from casual friend to real friend is greater than 50% after around 80-100 hours together,” said Hall.
The study found that the amount of time spent talking together, or the fact that you spent time at school or work with them, was unrelated to friendship closeness. “It is really easy to spend a lot of time with people as they are routinely in the same place at the same time as you,” Hall said. “However, my study shows you can have workmates you spend hundreds and hundreds of hours with and still not develop a friendship.”
You do not need to become best friends with your workmates to develop meaningful relationships with them. But for those of us hoping to change from “girl who I eat lunch at work with” to “friend I can depend on,” Hall suggests that you need to take the relationship out of the workplace for it to become a friendship. The participants who did activities outside of work with someone, such as being invited to have lunch in their home, were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them.
46．What is the new study mainly about
A．Ways of making friends in a new environment.
B．Why people need to make different friends.
C．Different levels of friendship.
D．How long it takes to develop a friendship.
47．What do we know about the participants in the study
A．They knew each other before.
B．They had difficulty in making new friends.
C．They were in great need of friends.
D．They started their new life in the same city.
48．What does Hall want to tell us in paragraph 3
A．It is easy to get along well with classmates.
B．Friendship closeness is related to communication.
C．It is unnecessary to become best friends with workmates.
D．Just spending enough time together doesn’t result in friendship.
49．What does the underlined word “routinely” probably mean in paragraph 3
A．Usually. B．Impressive.
C．Seldom. D．Confidently.
50．Which can help people build deeper relationships with workmates according to Hall
A．Joining the same work team.
B．Having lunch at work with them.
C．Inviting them to your home after work.
D．Sharing work experience with each other.
D
A few weeks ago, my teenage daughter failed a test. She was embarrassed, angry, anxious and there were tears in her eyes. This grade might prevent her from qualifying for the next key class she wanted to take.
She took some time to complain to me. Then I saw something interesting. She calmed herself down by making a joke. She expressed thankfulness that she didn’t have bigger problems. Then she made a plan to talk to her teacher to improve her skills. This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago,the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad.
We expect our kids to learn and grow, but many of them will also grow through adversity (逆境), and even thrive (茁壮成长) after trauma (创伤). Psychologists call it post-traumatic growth. Trauma, defined as an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, attack, natural disaster, or other life-changing happenings, is painful and even can be harmful. Trauma does leave its mark, but the mark may not be all bad and there can also be growth.
In one study, researchers surveyed nearly 385 people who experienced financial adversity, even while working full-time. These people are also the parents or primary caregivers or young children in education. And those surveyed had either been sick with an illness or had a loved one who’s been in bad health. Despite all of this adversity, 88 percent of the people surveyed said they now have stronger family relationships and a greater appreciation for life. Some said they experienced spiritual growth and 11 percent reported they discovered new opportunities.
Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it. When we do, we become not only able to heal the trauma associated with it but also thrive again. We build up confidence and experience that will help us the next time we face adversity.
51．How did the author’s daughter react after failing the test
A．She blamed other people for her failure.
B．She felt grateful and meant to improve.
C．She became more anxious and angrier.
D．She refused to take responsibility.
52．What positive change did the author observe in their daughter
A．She became more frighted of difficulties in life.
B．She developed a stronger support system.
C．She became more negative and disappointed.
D．She grew up and understood the value of hardships.
53．What did the study mentioned in the article tell about surveyed people
A．They became more disconnected from others.
B．They developed responsible attitude towards their families.
C．They had a better family and increased appreciation for life.
D．They experienced a decline in their overall well-being.
54．How does hardship contribute to personal growth according to the article
A．It prevents a person from healing from trauma.
B．It limits personal ability to adapt to adversity.
C．It encourages a person to find different solutions and develops confidence.
D．It results in long-term negative effects on a person’s emotional well-being.
55．What is the main message of the article regarding adversity and growth
A．Hardship can lead to personal growth.
B．Traumatic events leave only harmful effects.
C．Adversity always leads to negative outcomes.
D．People who face trauma are unable to heal from it.
第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。
It’s hard to make friends if you stay home alone all the time. You need to get out of the house and do things that will help you meet other people. Join in a club or play a sport. You will find that it’s easier to make friends when you have similar interests.
Learn from people at school who seem to make friends easily. Notice what they say and how they act. Don’t copy everything they do, but try some of their techniques. It will help you develop your own social style.
Don’t be afraid to show people what you’re really good at. Talk about the things you like and do best. People will want to learn about your interests most.
Think of some topics that would make good conversation. Find out the latest news, or listen to the most popular types of music. The more you have to say, the more people will want to talk with you.
Be a good listener. Let people talk about themselves. Don’t try to control the conversation with “me, me, me”. Ask lots of questions, and show an interest in their answers. This will make people feel special, and they will want to be your friends.
Look people in the eye when you talk to them. If you don’t make eye contact, people may think you’re not interested in them. As a result, they may stop being interested in you.
After you make new friends, keep them being a good friend. It’s likely that your friends will treat you in the same way.
56．What’s the main idea of the passage ( no more than 10 words)
57．What does the underlined word “techniques” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指的是) ( no more than 10 words)
58．What do friends share most according to this passage ( no more than 3 words)
59．Why does a good listener make friends easily ( no more than 10 words)
60．What’s the most helpful advice given in this passage for you to make friends Why ( no more than 25 words)
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Susan在交友方面有些困难。请根据下面提示给她写一封信。
1．要交朋友首先要做一个朋友；
2．要和朋友同甘共苦；患难之中的朋友才是真朋友；
3．友谊需要时间和投入。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Susan,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
1-5 BCADA 6-10 BDABA 11-15 CDBDB
1-9题考查本单元的重点词汇和短语；10-15题考查本单元复习语法（定语从句-1）
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．A 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了交朋友像其他的技能一样也是一种技能。如果有耐心的话你就能使其获得改善，同时还要对自己有信心，主动与人交流。记住友谊是建立在相互喜欢的基础上的。
16．考查动词辨析。A. produces生产；B. improves提高，提升；C. increases增加；D. raises提高，养育。句意：像绝大部分技能一样，它需要靠实践来提升。故答案为B。
17．考查副词。句意：你首先必须要去有人的地方。此处引导地点状语从句用where，故答案为A。
18．考查动词辨析。A. Join in加入，参加（讨论，游行，罢工等活动）；B. Attend出席，参加（会议）；C. Join参加，加入（加入某个团体或党派，成为其中一员）；D. Take part参与，参加。句意：加入一个俱乐部或群，因为与那些和你喜欢一样东西的人交谈更容易一些。此处指参加俱乐部并成为其中一员，故答案为C。
19．考查副词。much可以修饰比较级easier，其它选项都不能修饰比较级，故答案为D。
20．考查连词。A. Or或者；B. But但是；C. So that以便，为了；D. Either要么，或者。句意：或者加入到某人的活动中去。表示选择关系用or，either用于否定句中。故选A。
21．考查形容词辨析。A. nervous紧张的；B. excited兴奋的；C. worried担心的；D. happy快乐的。句意：当跟别人说话的时候，许多人会紧张。可根据常识判断得出答案为A。
22．考查名词辨析。A. friends朋友；B. classmates同学；C. strangers陌生人；D. teachers老师。句意：毕竟，遇见陌生人就意味着面对未知。根据unknown可推测，此题选C。
23．考查形容词辨析。A. unknown未知的；B. rich富有的；C. poor贫穷的；D. old古老的。句意：对未知感到不舒服这是人类的本性。根据上一句meeting 7 means facing the unknown.提示选A。
24．考查形容词辨析。A. big大的；B. thick厚的；C. kind和蔼的；D. thin瘦的。句意：我们认为别人也在评判我们，太高或太矮，太瘦或太胖。与fat呼应用thin，故选D。
25．考查连词。此处指我们认为别人在评判我们，但是不要忘记他们也有和我们一样的想法。前后句意表转折关系用but，故选C。
26．考查动词辨析。A. receive收到；B. accept接受；C. think想，认为；D. find发现。句意：试图接受你自己。故选B。
27．考查形容词辨析。A. friendly友好的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. nice美好的；D. good好的。句意：试图让他人舒适，也会让自己更舒服。根据句意与at ease呼应，故选B。
28．考查连词辨析。A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. until直到；D. when当……时候。句意：当你进入一个充满了陌生人的房间，要自信的去表现。when引导时间状语从句，故答案为D。
29．考查动词辨析。A. laugh笑；B. smile微笑；C. stare凝视，盯着；D. speak说。此处指进入新环境时挺直腰板，直视别人，并且微笑。根据句意可知，答案为B。
30．考查动词辨析。A. say说；B. tell告诉；C. speak说话；D. talk谈论。句意：如果你遇见了你想说什么的人，不要等待别人先开始说话。say sth to sb“和某人说某事”是固定搭配，故答案为A。
31．考查代词辨析。A. another另一个；B. other其他的；C. the other两者中另一个；D. others其他人。此处指自己想说什么的人，两者之中的另一个用the other，是固定用法，故答案为C。
32．考查形容词辨析。A. young年轻的；B. old年老的；C. small小的；D. new新的。句意：遇见新的人并不意味着你要与之交朋友。此处指新人，故答案为D。
33．考查名词辨析。A. love爱；B. friendship友谊；C. dislike反感，不喜欢；D. care关心。句意：友谊是建立在相互喜欢的基础上。上一句是交友，与make friends呼应此处表友谊。故答案为B。
34．考查名词辨析。A. money钱；B. trouble麻烦；C. time时间；D. information信息。句意：它需要时间和努力来培养。此处指花费时间，故答案为C。
35．考查动词辨析。A. stop停止；B. start开始；C. have有；D. help帮助。句意：也有东西会阻止新友谊的发展。stop…from“阻止……”是固定搭配，故答案为A。
【点睛】1.上下文对照，捕捉关键词。
解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。小题7指遇见陌生人就意味着面对未知。根据unknown可推测此题选strangers。小题9与fat 呼应用thin。小题18句意：友谊是建立在相互喜欢的基础上。上一句是交友，与make friends呼应此处表友谊。
2.结合生活，利用常识解题。
目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。小题6句意：当跟别人说话的时候，许多人会紧张。可根据常识判断得出答案为nervous。
36．C 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．B
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“全球征文大赛”的相关内容、参加条件、比赛时间和所设奖项。
36．细节理解题。根据第三段“Each essay should address only one of the questions in your chosen subject category, and must not exceed (超过) 2, 000 words.”（每篇文章应该只解决你所选主题类别中的一个问题，并且不能超过2000字。）可知，参赛文章应该是关于给出的问题中的一个。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“All of our essay prizes are judged by senior academics from the University of Oxford.”（我们所有的文章奖都是由牛津大学的资深学者评判的。）可知，比赛的奖项是由牛津大学的资深学者评判的，不是网上投票选出。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段“Candidates for the Junior Prize must be fourteen years old, or younger, on the date of the submission deadline.”（青少年奖的参赛者必须在提交在截止日期前不得超过14岁。）可知，想要参加青少年奖的比赛，不能超过14岁。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据第四段“2. September: Awards Dinner for the Economics Prize and other prizes”（9月2日：经济学奖及其他奖项颁奖晚宴）可知，法学奖的获胜者应该是于9月2日参加颁奖晚宴。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The candidate who submits the best essay overall will be awarded an honorary John Locke Institute Junior, Fellowship, which comes with a US $10, 000 scholarship to attend one or more of our summer schools.”（提交最佳文章的参赛者将获得荣誉约翰·洛克研究所青年助学金，伴有10,000美元的奖学金，用于参加我们的一个或多个暑期学校。）可知，最佳文章的参赛者会得到一笔上暑期学校的奖学金。故选B。
41．D 42．B 43．B 44．C 45．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者怎么给自己特别的朋友挑选特别的生日礼物的故事。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“She’s a rare friend because she has been there for me all the time whenever I need a friend to talk to.（她是一个难得的朋友，因为每当我需要朋友倾诉时，她都会一直陪在我身边。）”可知Susie这个朋友能在作者有需要的时候出现，提供帮助、建议。故选D项。
42．词句猜测题。根据第二段第三句“but in the end I realized that she needed to keep a strict image (形象) in order to make her actors, and actresses take her seriously.（但最终我意识到，她需要保持严格的形象，才能让演员们认真对待她。）”可知Susie作为导演，很严格，故可推测在演员们面前，她的形象看起来有点可怕，让人觉得害怕，选项B， frightening意为“令人害怕的”符合语境。故选B项。
43．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“One day I searched the Internet without any purpose and to my surprise there is a really lovely site where we can buy all kinds of gifts.（有一天，我毫无目的地在网上搜索，令我惊讶的是，有一个非常可爱的网站，我们可以在那里买到各种各样的礼物。）”可知，她是在网上随意浏览时找到了合适Susie的礼物。故选B项。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三句“I put our names as part of the design of the bracelet so that it’ll remind us that we’ll be good friends forever.（我把我们的名字作为手镯设计的一部分，这样它会提醒我们，我们将永远是好朋友。）”可知，在手镯上刻名字是为了提醒朋友她们宝贵的友谊会延续一辈子。故选C项。
45．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段一二句“I’ll soon be the birthday of one of my closest friends, Susie. I still cannot decide what to give her.（我很快就会成为我最亲密的朋友之一Susie的生日。我仍然无法决定给她什么。）”可知，本文围绕给Susie送生日礼物展开，故本文就是一个关于特殊朋友的特别礼物的故事。故选C项。
46．D 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是科学告诉我们一个成年人需要多长时间才能交到一个新朋友，并且建议要想发展成为朋友需要将这种关系带出工作场所。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A new study recently found that, on average, it takes about 50 hours with someone before you consider them a casual (感情不深的) friend, about 90 hours before you become real friends, and about 200 hours to become close friends.(最近的一项新研究发现，平均来说，和一个人在一起大约50个小时后，你就会把他们当作普通朋友，大约90个小时后，你就会成为真正的朋友，大约200个小时后，你就会成为亲密的朋友。)”可知，研究发现与一个人在一起大约50小时会成为普通朋友，相处大约90个小时会成为真正的朋友，而相处大约200个小时后，就会成为亲密朋友，结合第二段中的“He asked them to rate and track the degree of closeness and time spent together with a new person.(他要求他们评估和跟踪与一个陌生人在一起的亲密程度和时间。)”可知，在这项新研究中要求参与者评估和跟踪与一个陌生人在一起的亲密程度和花费的时间，由此可知，该新研究主要是研究发展一段友谊需要多长时间。故选D项。
47．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The study’s author Jeffrey Hall, a communications professor, invited adults who are eager to make friends to take part in two experiments — people who had just moved to a new city in the past six months and college freshmen.(该研究的作者、传播学教授杰弗里·霍尔(Jeffrey Hall)邀请渴望交朋友的成年人参加了两个实验——一个是过去六个月刚搬到一个新城市的人，另一个是大学新生。)”可知，研究者邀请渴望交朋友的成年人参加了两个实验，由此可知，这项研究的参与者都是希望交朋友的人。故选C项。
48．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study found that the amount of time spent talking together, or the fact that you spent time at school or work with them, was unrelated to friendship closeness.(研究发现，在一起聊天的时间，或者你在学校或工作中与他们在一起的时间，与友谊的亲密程度无关。)”可知，研究发现，在一起聊天的时间或者是在学校或工作中，他们在一起的时间与友谊的亲密程度无关，结合下文中的“However, my study shows you can have workmates you spend hundreds and hundreds of hours with and still not develop a friendship.(然而，我的研究表明，你可以和同事一起度过成百上千个小时，但仍然没有发展出友谊。)”可知，与同事在一起度过成百上千小时仍然不会发展成为友谊，由此可知，仅仅在一起度过足够的时间不会导致友谊的产生。故选D项。
49．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“The study found that the amount of time spent talking together, or the fact that you spent time at school or work with them, was unrelated to friendship closeness.(研究发现，在一起聊天的时间，或者你在学校或工作中与他们在一起的时间，与友谊的亲密程度无关。)”可知，在一起聊天的时间或者在学校或者工作中在一起的时间与友谊的亲密程度无关，结合划线单词前的“It is really easy to spend a lot of time with people(花很多时间和别人在一起真的很容易，)”可知，花很多时间与别人在一起很容易，划线单词所在的句子与此处为因果关系，由此可以推断，根据常识，作为学生或者同事，在一起很容易的原因是人们经常同时出现在同一个场所，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“经常”意义相近。故选A项。
50．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The participants who did activities outside of work with someone, such as being invited to have lunch in their home, were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them.(在工作之外与他人一起参加活动的参与者，比如被邀请在他们家里吃午饭，更有可能与他们建立更深的关系。)”可知，在工作之外与他人一起参加活动的参与者更有可能与他们建立更深的关系，由此可知，下班之后，邀请他们到你的家里有助于和他们建立更深的关系。故选C项。
51．B 52．D 53．C 54．C 55．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己女儿和新冠患者从不幸中有所收获告诉读者要善于从不幸的遭遇中发现积极向上的一面，要知道坏中有好。
51．细节理解题。根据第二段“She calmed herself down by making a joke. She expressed thankfulness that she didn’t have bigger problems. Then she made a plan to talk to her teacher to improve her skills.(她讲了个笑话使自己平静下来。她对自己没有更大的麻烦表示感谢。然后，她制定了一个计划，与她的老师交谈，以提高她的技能)”可知，作者的女儿在考试不及格后心怀感激，想要改进。故选B项。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago,the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad.(这与几年前我看到的那个面对失望的孩子有了很大的变化，那个曾经不愿意承担责任、责怪别人的孩子，这表明她已经长大了，懂得了坏事中的好事)”可知，作者在他们的女儿身上观察到女儿长大了，懂得了艰辛的价值。故选D项。
53．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Despite all of this adversity, 88 percent of the people surveyed said they now have stronger family relationships and a greater appreciation for life.(尽管有这些逆境，88%的受访者表示，他们现在有了更牢固的家庭关系，对生活有了更大的感激)”可知，研究告诉了被调查者他们有了更好的家庭，对生活有了更多的感激。故选C项。
54．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it. When we do, we become not only able to heal the trauma associated with it but also thrive again. We build up confidence and experience that will help us the next time we face adversity.(困难使我们适应、回应，并寻找其他方法来解决它。当我们这样做时，我们不仅能够治愈与之相关的创伤，还能再次茁壮成长。我们建立信心和经验，这将有助于我们下次面对逆境)”可知，困难鼓励一个人找到不同的解决方案，培养信心去促进个人成长。故选C项。
55．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者通过自己女儿和新冠患者从不幸中有所收获告诉读者要善于从不幸的遭遇中发现积极向上的一面，要知道坏中有好。结合第三段的“We expect our kids to learn and grow, but many of them will also grow through adversity (逆境), and even thrive (茁壮成长) after trauma (创伤). Psychologists call it post-traumatic growth.(我们期望我们的孩子学习和成长，但他们中的许多人也会在逆境中成长，甚至在创伤后茁壮成长)”和最后一段的“Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it.(困难使我们适应、回应，并寻找其他方法来解决它)”可知，这篇文章关于逆境和成长的主要信息是困难可以带来个人成长。故选A项。
56．Several easy ways to make friends. 57．Ways/Methods/Skills to make friends. 58．Interests. 59．A good listener can make people feel special. 60．(Open.)
Trying to find more topics for conversations is the most useful for me, because I’m not good at finding topics.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。该短文主要针对如何交朋友的问题，提出了几点建议，例如不要害怕向人们展示你擅长什么、谈论你最喜欢做的事情、与人交谈时要看他的眼睛、做一个好的聆听者等。
56．考查主旨大意。由第一段中的“It’s hard to make friends if you stay home alone all the time. You need to get out of the house and do things that will help you meet other people. (如果你一直一个人呆在家里，很难交到朋友。你需要走出家门，做一些有助于你认识其他人的事情)”，第二段“Learn from people at school who seem to make friends easily. Notice what they say and how they act. Don’t copy everything they do, but try some of their techniques. It will help you develop your own social style. (向学校里似乎很容易交到朋友的人学习。注意他们的言行。不要模仿他们做的每件事，而是尝试他们的一些技巧。它将帮助你发展自己的社交风格)”和文章其它部分可知，文章主要介绍了一些交朋友的方法。故答案为：Several easy ways to make friends.
57．考查词句猜测。由第二段“Learn from people at school who seem to make friends easily. Notice what they say and how they act. Don’t copy everything they do, but try some of their techniques. It will help you develop your own social style. (向学校里似乎很容易交到朋友的人学习。注意他们的言行。不要模仿他们做的每件事，而是尝试他们的techniques。它将帮助你发展自己的社交风格)”可知，作者建议向很容易交到朋友的人学习交友技巧，techniques在此处意为“交朋友的方式/技巧”。故答案为：Ways/Methods/Skills to make friends.
58．考查细节理解。由第一段中的“You will find that it’s easier to make friends when you have similar interests. (当你有相似的兴趣爱好时，你会发现交朋友更容易)”和第三段中的“People will want to learn about your interests most. (人们最想了解你的兴趣)”可知，朋友最应该有共同兴趣。故答案为：Interests.
59．考查细节理解。由第五段中的“Ask lots of questions, and show an interest in their answers. This will make people feel special, and they will want to be your friends. (问很多问题，对他们的答案表现出兴趣。这会让人们感到特别，他们会想成为你的朋友)”可知，好的听众可以使人们感觉特殊，容易交朋友。故答案为：A good listener can make people feel special.
60．考查开放答题。由第四段中的“Think of some topics that would make good conversation. (想一想一些能让谈话愉快的话题)”可知，尝试寻找更多的话题对我来说是最有用的，因为我不擅长寻找话题。故答案为：Trying to find more topics for conversations is the most useful for me, because I’m not good at finding topics.
61．Dear Susan,
I am sorry to know that you are having trouble in making friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you.
To begin with, why not be a friend first if you want to make friends In addition, wouldn‘t it be a good idea if you share happiness and sorrow with your friend Just as a saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Last but not least, it would be a good idea if you put your heart into making friends. It is wellknown to us all that friendship calls for time and effort.
I hope you will find these ideas useful.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友苏珊写信寻求交友方面的建议。
【详解】 1. 词汇积累
建议：advice →tips
悲伤：sadness →sorrow
需要：need →call for
此外：besides →in addition
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Putting your heart into making friends would be a good idea.
拓展句：It would be a good idea if you put your heart into making friends.
【点睛】 【高分句型1】 However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
【高分句型2】 It is wellknown to us all that friendship calls for time and effort.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句）
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. I really enjoyed seeing all the ______ faces after all these years.
A. individual B. familiar C. comfortable D. anxious
2. ______ your timely help, we managed to finish the work in time.
A. Despite B. At the sight of C. Thanks to D. In return for
3. A good education will ______ us to make more contributions for our country.
A. enable B. prefer C. acquire D. prove
4. He had invited nearly all his classmates to his 18th birthday party, but only one third of them ______.
A. turned on B. turned to C. turned over D. turned up
5. ______ education doesn’t mean that the students can ignore their academic performance.
A. Quality B. Personality C. Creativity D. Opportunity
6. When we talk about banning mobile phones in school, we should also look at the good side. In a word, we should not ______.
A. kill two birds with one stone B. throw the baby out with the bathwater
C. do in Rome as Romans do D. have butterflies in our stomach
7. The newcomer is so shy that she tends to ______ herself from the rest of her classmates.
A. maintain B. prove C. postpone D. distance
8. The website is ______ twice a day to keep up with the current affairs.
A. updated B. illustrated C. detailed D. contacted
9. My uncle has a taste for ______ in the wild, and he has promised to take me on his next trip.
A. humor B. adventure C. creativity D. comment
10. The lady ______ is wearing a pair of glasses is our English teacher.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
11. We like to watch the TV program ______ tells about the lives of wild animals.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
12. I like to read stories ______ endings are out of expectation.
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
13. The hero ______ we talked about just now will come to give us a speech next week.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. as
14. The photo album reminded me of the things and people ______ had left a deep impression on me when I was in Junior High School.
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
15. Mary wouldn’t like to say anything to her mother ______ might make her upset.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从16-35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将其涂黑。
Making friends is a skill. Like most skills，it 16 with practice. If you want to meet people and make friends，you must be able to take some action. You must first go 17 there are people. You won’t make friends staying home alone. 18 a club or a group，for talking with those who like the same things as you do is 19 easier. 20 join someone in some activities.
Many people are 21 when talking to people. After all，meeting 22 means facing the unknown. And it’s human nature to feel a bit uncomfortable about the 23 . Most of our fears about dealing with new people come from doubts about ourselves. We think other people are judging us，find us too tall or too short，too 24 or too fat. 25 don’t forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to 26 yourself as you are，and try to put the other person at ease(舒适). And you’ll feel more 27 .
Try to act self-confidently(自信地) even if you don’t feel that way 28 you enter a room full of strangers，such as a new classroom，walk tall and straight，look directly at other people and 29 . If you see someone you’d like to 30 something to，don’t wait for 31 person to start a conversation.
Just meeting someone 32 doesn’t mean that you will make friends with that person— 33 is based on mutual(相互的) liking and “give and take”. It takes 34 and effort to develop. And there are things that 35 a new friendship from growing.
16．A．produces B．improves C．increases D．raises
17．A．where B．when C．why D．what
18．A．Join in B．Attend C．Join D．Take part
19．A．very B．more C．ever D．much
20．A．Or B．But C．So that D．Either
21．A．nervous B．excited C．worried D．happy
22．A．friends B．classmates C．strangers D．teachers
23．A．unknown B．rich C．poor D．old
24．A．big B．thick C．kind D．thin
25．A．So B．Then C．But D．Too
26．A．receive B．accept C．think D．find
27．A．friendly B．comfortable C．nice D．good
28．A．before B．after C．until D．when
29．A．laugh B．smile C．stare D．speak
30．A．say B．tell C．speak D．talk
31．A．another B．other C．the other D．others
32．A．young B．old C．small D．new
33．A．love B．friendship C．dislike D．care
34．A．money B．trouble C．time D．information
35．A．stop B．start C．have D．help
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Global Essay Competition
The John Locke Institute encourages young people to develop the characteristics that turn good students into great writers. Our Essay Competition invites students to explore a wide range of challenging and interesting questions beyond the limits of the school curriculum (课程).
All of our essay prizes are judged by senior academics from the University of Oxford. The judges will choose their favourite essay from each subject category and an overall “best essay” across six subjects: Philosophy, Politics, Economics, History, Psychology and Law.
Entry Requirements
Entry is open to students from any country. Candidates must be eighteen years old, or younger, on the date of the submission deadline, 30 June. Candidates for the Junior Prize must be fourteen years old, or younger, on the date of the submission deadline. Each essay should address only one of the questions in your chosen subject category, and must not exceed (超过) 2, 000 words.
Key Dates
30 June: Submission deadline
14 July: Short-listed candidates informed
26 August: Awards Dinner for the Junior Prize
2. September: Awards Dinner for the Economics Prize and other prizes
Prizes
There is a prize for the best essay in each category. The prize for each winner of a subject category, and the winner of the Junior category, is a scholarship worth US $2,000 towards the cost of attending any John Locke Institute programme, and the essays will be published on the Institute’s website. The prize-giving ceremony will take place in Oxford.
The candidate who submits the best essay overall will be awarded an honorary John Locke Institute Junior, Fellowship, which comes with a US $10, 000 scholarship to attend one or more of our summer schools.
36．What should the entry be about
A．The limits of school courses. B．The characteristics of great writers.
C．One of the given questions. D．Anything in the chosen fields.
37．What is NOT true about the competition
A．It sets a word limit on essays.
B．It has six subject categories.
C．Its prizes are judged by voting online.
D．It is open to any student regardless of his or her nationality.
38．Those who want to compete for the Junior Prize should not be over _________years old.
A．10 B．14 C．18 D．20
39．When will the Law Prize winner attend the awards dinner
A．On 30 June. B．On 14 July.
C．On 26 August. D．On 2 September.
40．What will the overall best essay candidate receive
A．A fellowship at Oxford University. B．A summer school scholarship.
C．A chance to get published. D．A US $1, 000 award.
B
I’ll soon be the birthday of one of my closest friends, Susie. I still cannot decide what to give her. She’s a rare friend because she has been there for me all the time whenever I need a friend to talk to. I can always depend on her to be the first to arrive to give me advice when I have problems. I guess I am so lucky to have her as a friend.
It’s more than seven years since I first met Susie in our school. I joined the theater group and she was a director then. At first I thought she was intimidating but in the end I realized that she needed to keep a strict image (形象) in order to make her actors, and actresses take her seriously. And then during practice I got a chance to know her better. In fact, she was a friendly and warmhearted person. Soon we become good friends.
I don’t know exactly what to give my friend on her birthday as I believe she has everything. So it’s really hard to buy her a gift she will like. This year I want something different and special but I don’t know what to give. One day I searched the Internet without any purpose and to my surprise there is a really lovely site where we can buy all kinds of gifts.
I scanned (浏览) some of their items and I found cool and exciting gifts. I chose a special personalized bracelet (手镯). I’m sure that this will look perfect on her. I put our names as part of the design of the bracelet so that it’ll remind us that we’ll be good friends forever. I can’t wait to give her my gift but I won’t tell her yet. I don’t want to destroy the surprise.
41．The writer considers Susie as a rare friend because ________.
A．Susie is good at solving problems. B．Susie is a friendly and warmhearted person.
C．Susie and the writer have lots of things to talk about.
D．Susie can always offer help when the writer is in need.
42．The underlined word “intimidating” in paragraph 2 most probably means “________”.
A．satisfying B．frightening C．friendly D．warm-hearted
43．Finally the writer found a nice gift for her friend ________.
A．without difficulty B．while searching online
C．with the help of her friend D．while shopping in a store
44．The writer put their names in the bracelet in order to ________.
A．give her friend a big surprise B．make the present more special
C．make her friend remember their friendship forever
D．make her friend remember the difference between them
45．This passage mainly tells us ________.
A．the importance of a gift B．the importance of a friend
C．a special gift for a special friend D．a way to get along with a friend
C
When you are a kid, gaining a best friend forever can happen in a single play date. But when you grow up to be an adult, making and maintaining friendships gets harder. So how much quality time (优质时光) do you need before that stranger becomes your friend A new study recently found that, on average, it takes about 50 hours with someone before you consider them a casual (感情不深的) friend, about 90 hours before you become real friends, and about 200 hours to become close friends.
The study’s author Jeffrey Hall, a communications professor, invited adults who are eager to make friends to take part in two experiments — people who had just moved to a new city in the past six months and college freshmen. He asked them to rate and track the degree of closeness and time spent together with a new person. “Results suggest that the chance of changing from casual friend to real friend is greater than 50% after around 80-100 hours together,” said Hall.
The study found that the amount of time spent talking together, or the fact that you spent time at school or work with them, was unrelated to friendship closeness. “It is really easy to spend a lot of time with people as they are routinely in the same place at the same time as you,” Hall said. “However, my study shows you can have workmates you spend hundreds and hundreds of hours with and still not develop a friendship.”
You do not need to become best friends with your workmates to develop meaningful relationships with them. But for those of us hoping to change from “girl who I eat lunch at work with” to “friend I can depend on,” Hall suggests that you need to take the relationship out of the workplace for it to become a friendship. The participants who did activities outside of work with someone, such as being invited to have lunch in their home, were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them.
46．What is the new study mainly about
A．Ways of making friends in a new environment.
B．Why people need to make different friends.
C．Different levels of friendship.
D．How long it takes to develop a friendship.
47．What do we know about the participants in the study
A．They knew each other before.
B．They had difficulty in making new friends.
C．They were in great need of friends.
D．They started their new life in the same city.
48．What does Hall want to tell us in paragraph 3
A．It is easy to get along well with classmates.
B．Friendship closeness is related to communication.
C．It is unnecessary to become best friends with workmates.
D．Just spending enough time together doesn’t result in friendship.
49．What does the underlined word “routinely” probably mean in paragraph 3
A．Usually. B．Impressive.
C．Seldom. D．Confidently.
50．Which can help people build deeper relationships with workmates according to Hall
A．Joining the same work team.
B．Having lunch at work with them.
C．Inviting them to your home after work.
D．Sharing work experience with each other.
D
A few weeks ago, my teenage daughter failed a test. She was embarrassed, angry, anxious and there were tears in her eyes. This grade might prevent her from qualifying for the next key class she wanted to take.
She took some time to complain to me. Then I saw something interesting. She calmed herself down by making a joke. She expressed thankfulness that she didn’t have bigger problems. Then she made a plan to talk to her teacher to improve her skills. This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago,the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad.
We expect our kids to learn and grow, but many of them will also grow through adversity (逆境), and even thrive (茁壮成长) after trauma (创伤). Psychologists call it post-traumatic growth. Trauma, defined as an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, attack, natural disaster, or other life-changing happenings, is painful and even can be harmful. Trauma does leave its mark, but the mark may not be all bad and there can also be growth.
In one study, researchers surveyed nearly 385 people who experienced financial adversity, even while working full-time. These people are also the parents or primary caregivers or young children in education. And those surveyed had either been sick with an illness or had a loved one who’s been in bad health. Despite all of this adversity, 88 percent of the people surveyed said they now have stronger family relationships and a greater appreciation for life. Some said they experienced spiritual growth and 11 percent reported they discovered new opportunities.
Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it. When we do, we become not only able to heal the trauma associated with it but also thrive again. We build up confidence and experience that will help us the next time we face adversity.
51．How did the author’s daughter react after failing the test
A．She blamed other people for her failure.
B．She felt grateful and meant to improve.
C．She became more anxious and angrier.
D．She refused to take responsibility.
52．What positive change did the author observe in their daughter
A．She became more frighted of difficulties in life.
B．She developed a stronger support system.
C．She became more negative and disappointed.
D．She grew up and understood the value of hardships.
53．What did the study mentioned in the article tell about surveyed people
A．They became more disconnected from others.
B．They developed responsible attitude towards their families.
C．They had a better family and increased appreciation for life.
D．They experienced a decline in their overall well-being.
54．How does hardship contribute to personal growth according to the article
A．It prevents a person from healing from trauma.
B．It limits personal ability to adapt to adversity.
C．It encourages a person to find different solutions and develops confidence.
D．It results in long-term negative effects on a person’s emotional well-being.
55．What is the main message of the article regarding adversity and growth
A．Hardship can lead to personal growth.
B．Traumatic events leave only harmful effects.
C．Adversity always leads to negative outcomes.
D．People who face trauma are unable to heal from it.
第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。
It’s hard to make friends if you stay home alone all the time. You need to get out of the house and do things that will help you meet other people. Join in a club or play a sport. You will find that it’s easier to make friends when you have similar interests.
Learn from people at school who seem to make friends easily. Notice what they say and how they act. Don’t copy everything they do, but try some of their techniques. It will help you develop your own social style.
Don’t be afraid to show people what you’re really good at. Talk about the things you like and do best. People will want to learn about your interests most.
Think of some topics that would make good conversation. Find out the latest news, or listen to the most popular types of music. The more you have to say, the more people will want to talk with you.
Be a good listener. Let people talk about themselves. Don’t try to control the conversation with “me, me, me”. Ask lots of questions, and show an interest in their answers. This will make people feel special, and they will want to be your friends.
Look people in the eye when you talk to them. If you don’t make eye contact, people may think you’re not interested in them. As a result, they may stop being interested in you.
After you make new friends, keep them being a good friend. It’s likely that your friends will treat you in the same way.
56．What’s the main idea of the passage ( no more than 10 words)
57．What does the underlined word “techniques” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指的是) ( no more than 10 words)
58．What do friends share most according to this passage ( no more than 3 words)
59．Why does a good listener make friends easily ( no more than 10 words)
60．What’s the most helpful advice given in this passage for you to make friends Why ( no more than 25 words)
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Susan在交友方面有些困难。请根据下面提示给她写一封信。
1．要交朋友首先要做一个朋友；
2．要和朋友同甘共苦；患难之中的朋友才是真朋友；
3．友谊需要时间和投入。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Susan,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
1-5 BCADA 6-10 BDABA 11-15 CDBDB
1-9题考查本单元的重点词汇和短语；10-15题考查本单元复习语法（定语从句-1）
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．A 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了交朋友像其他的技能一样也是一种技能。如果有耐心的话你就能使其获得改善，同时还要对自己有信心，主动与人交流。记住友谊是建立在相互喜欢的基础上的。
16．考查动词辨析。A. produces生产；B. improves提高，提升；C. increases增加；D. raises提高，养育。句意：像绝大部分技能一样，它需要靠实践来提升。故答案为B。
17．考查副词。句意：你首先必须要去有人的地方。此处引导地点状语从句用where，故答案为A。
18．考查动词辨析。A. Join in加入，参加（讨论，游行，罢工等活动）；B. Attend出席，参加（会议）；C. Join参加，加入（加入某个团体或党派，成为其中一员）；D. Take part参与，参加。句意：加入一个俱乐部或群，因为与那些和你喜欢一样东西的人交谈更容易一些。此处指参加俱乐部并成为其中一员，故答案为C。
19．考查副词。much可以修饰比较级easier，其它选项都不能修饰比较级，故答案为D。
20．考查连词。A. Or或者；B. But但是；C. So that以便，为了；D. Either要么，或者。句意：或者加入到某人的活动中去。表示选择关系用or，either用于否定句中。故选A。
21．考查形容词辨析。A. nervous紧张的；B. excited兴奋的；C. worried担心的；D. happy快乐的。句意：当跟别人说话的时候，许多人会紧张。可根据常识判断得出答案为A。
22．考查名词辨析。A. friends朋友；B. classmates同学；C. strangers陌生人；D. teachers老师。句意：毕竟，遇见陌生人就意味着面对未知。根据unknown可推测，此题选C。
23．考查形容词辨析。A. unknown未知的；B. rich富有的；C. poor贫穷的；D. old古老的。句意：对未知感到不舒服这是人类的本性。根据上一句meeting 7 means facing the unknown.提示选A。
24．考查形容词辨析。A. big大的；B. thick厚的；C. kind和蔼的；D. thin瘦的。句意：我们认为别人也在评判我们，太高或太矮，太瘦或太胖。与fat呼应用thin，故选D。
25．考查连词。此处指我们认为别人在评判我们，但是不要忘记他们也有和我们一样的想法。前后句意表转折关系用but，故选C。
26．考查动词辨析。A. receive收到；B. accept接受；C. think想，认为；D. find发现。句意：试图接受你自己。故选B。
27．考查形容词辨析。A. friendly友好的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. nice美好的；D. good好的。句意：试图让他人舒适，也会让自己更舒服。根据句意与at ease呼应，故选B。
28．考查连词辨析。A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. until直到；D. when当……时候。句意：当你进入一个充满了陌生人的房间，要自信的去表现。when引导时间状语从句，故答案为D。
29．考查动词辨析。A. laugh笑；B. smile微笑；C. stare凝视，盯着；D. speak说。此处指进入新环境时挺直腰板，直视别人，并且微笑。根据句意可知，答案为B。
30．考查动词辨析。A. say说；B. tell告诉；C. speak说话；D. talk谈论。句意：如果你遇见了你想说什么的人，不要等待别人先开始说话。say sth to sb“和某人说某事”是固定搭配，故答案为A。
31．考查代词辨析。A. another另一个；B. other其他的；C. the other两者中另一个；D. others其他人。此处指自己想说什么的人，两者之中的另一个用the other，是固定用法，故答案为C。
32．考查形容词辨析。A. young年轻的；B. old年老的；C. small小的；D. new新的。句意：遇见新的人并不意味着你要与之交朋友。此处指新人，故答案为D。
33．考查名词辨析。A. love爱；B. friendship友谊；C. dislike反感，不喜欢；D. care关心。句意：友谊是建立在相互喜欢的基础上。上一句是交友，与make friends呼应此处表友谊。故答案为B。
34．考查名词辨析。A. money钱；B. trouble麻烦；C. time时间；D. information信息。句意：它需要时间和努力来培养。此处指花费时间，故答案为C。
35．考查动词辨析。A. stop停止；B. start开始；C. have有；D. help帮助。句意：也有东西会阻止新友谊的发展。stop…from“阻止……”是固定搭配，故答案为A。
【点睛】1.上下文对照，捕捉关键词。
解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。小题7指遇见陌生人就意味着面对未知。根据unknown可推测此题选strangers。小题9与fat 呼应用thin。小题18句意：友谊是建立在相互喜欢的基础上。上一句是交友，与make friends呼应此处表友谊。
2.结合生活，利用常识解题。
目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。小题6句意：当跟别人说话的时候，许多人会紧张。可根据常识判断得出答案为nervous。
36．C 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．B
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“全球征文大赛”的相关内容、参加条件、比赛时间和所设奖项。
36．细节理解题。根据第三段“Each essay should address only one of the questions in your chosen subject category, and must not exceed (超过) 2, 000 words.”（每篇文章应该只解决你所选主题类别中的一个问题，并且不能超过2000字。）可知，参赛文章应该是关于给出的问题中的一个。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“All of our essay prizes are judged by senior academics from the University of Oxford.”（我们所有的文章奖都是由牛津大学的资深学者评判的。）可知，比赛的奖项是由牛津大学的资深学者评判的，不是网上投票选出。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段“Candidates for the Junior Prize must be fourteen years old, or younger, on the date of the submission deadline.”（青少年奖的参赛者必须在提交在截止日期前不得超过14岁。）可知，想要参加青少年奖的比赛，不能超过14岁。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据第四段“2. September: Awards Dinner for the Economics Prize and other prizes”（9月2日：经济学奖及其他奖项颁奖晚宴）可知，法学奖的获胜者应该是于9月2日参加颁奖晚宴。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The candidate who submits the best essay overall will be awarded an honorary John Locke Institute Junior, Fellowship, which comes with a US $10, 000 scholarship to attend one or more of our summer schools.”（提交最佳文章的参赛者将获得荣誉约翰·洛克研究所青年助学金，伴有10,000美元的奖学金，用于参加我们的一个或多个暑期学校。）可知，最佳文章的参赛者会得到一笔上暑期学校的奖学金。故选B。
41．D 42．B 43．B 44．C 45．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者怎么给自己特别的朋友挑选特别的生日礼物的故事。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“She’s a rare friend because she has been there for me all the time whenever I need a friend to talk to.（她是一个难得的朋友，因为每当我需要朋友倾诉时，她都会一直陪在我身边。）”可知Susie这个朋友能在作者有需要的时候出现，提供帮助、建议。故选D项。
42．词句猜测题。根据第二段第三句“but in the end I realized that she needed to keep a strict image (形象) in order to make her actors, and actresses take her seriously.（但最终我意识到，她需要保持严格的形象，才能让演员们认真对待她。）”可知Susie作为导演，很严格，故可推测在演员们面前，她的形象看起来有点可怕，让人觉得害怕，选项B， frightening意为“令人害怕的”符合语境。故选B项。
43．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“One day I searched the Internet without any purpose and to my surprise there is a really lovely site where we can buy all kinds of gifts.（有一天，我毫无目的地在网上搜索，令我惊讶的是，有一个非常可爱的网站，我们可以在那里买到各种各样的礼物。）”可知，她是在网上随意浏览时找到了合适Susie的礼物。故选B项。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三句“I put our names as part of the design of the bracelet so that it’ll remind us that we’ll be good friends forever.（我把我们的名字作为手镯设计的一部分，这样它会提醒我们，我们将永远是好朋友。）”可知，在手镯上刻名字是为了提醒朋友她们宝贵的友谊会延续一辈子。故选C项。
45．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段一二句“I’ll soon be the birthday of one of my closest friends, Susie. I still cannot decide what to give her.（我很快就会成为我最亲密的朋友之一Susie的生日。我仍然无法决定给她什么。）”可知，本文围绕给Susie送生日礼物展开，故本文就是一个关于特殊朋友的特别礼物的故事。故选C项。
46．D 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是科学告诉我们一个成年人需要多长时间才能交到一个新朋友，并且建议要想发展成为朋友需要将这种关系带出工作场所。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A new study recently found that, on average, it takes about 50 hours with someone before you consider them a casual (感情不深的) friend, about 90 hours before you become real friends, and about 200 hours to become close friends.(最近的一项新研究发现，平均来说，和一个人在一起大约50个小时后，你就会把他们当作普通朋友，大约90个小时后，你就会成为真正的朋友，大约200个小时后，你就会成为亲密的朋友。)”可知，研究发现与一个人在一起大约50小时会成为普通朋友，相处大约90个小时会成为真正的朋友，而相处大约200个小时后，就会成为亲密朋友，结合第二段中的“He asked them to rate and track the degree of closeness and time spent together with a new person.(他要求他们评估和跟踪与一个陌生人在一起的亲密程度和时间。)”可知，在这项新研究中要求参与者评估和跟踪与一个陌生人在一起的亲密程度和花费的时间，由此可知，该新研究主要是研究发展一段友谊需要多长时间。故选D项。
47．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The study’s author Jeffrey Hall, a communications professor, invited adults who are eager to make friends to take part in two experiments — people who had just moved to a new city in the past six months and college freshmen.(该研究的作者、传播学教授杰弗里·霍尔(Jeffrey Hall)邀请渴望交朋友的成年人参加了两个实验——一个是过去六个月刚搬到一个新城市的人，另一个是大学新生。)”可知，研究者邀请渴望交朋友的成年人参加了两个实验，由此可知，这项研究的参与者都是希望交朋友的人。故选C项。
48．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study found that the amount of time spent talking together, or the fact that you spent time at school or work with them, was unrelated to friendship closeness.(研究发现，在一起聊天的时间，或者你在学校或工作中与他们在一起的时间，与友谊的亲密程度无关。)”可知，研究发现，在一起聊天的时间或者是在学校或工作中，他们在一起的时间与友谊的亲密程度无关，结合下文中的“However, my study shows you can have workmates you spend hundreds and hundreds of hours with and still not develop a friendship.(然而，我的研究表明，你可以和同事一起度过成百上千个小时，但仍然没有发展出友谊。)”可知，与同事在一起度过成百上千小时仍然不会发展成为友谊，由此可知，仅仅在一起度过足够的时间不会导致友谊的产生。故选D项。
49．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“The study found that the amount of time spent talking together, or the fact that you spent time at school or work with them, was unrelated to friendship closeness.(研究发现，在一起聊天的时间，或者你在学校或工作中与他们在一起的时间，与友谊的亲密程度无关。)”可知，在一起聊天的时间或者在学校或者工作中在一起的时间与友谊的亲密程度无关，结合划线单词前的“It is really easy to spend a lot of time with people(花很多时间和别人在一起真的很容易，)”可知，花很多时间与别人在一起很容易，划线单词所在的句子与此处为因果关系，由此可以推断，根据常识，作为学生或者同事，在一起很容易的原因是人们经常同时出现在同一个场所，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“经常”意义相近。故选A项。
50．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The participants who did activities outside of work with someone, such as being invited to have lunch in their home, were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them.(在工作之外与他人一起参加活动的参与者，比如被邀请在他们家里吃午饭，更有可能与他们建立更深的关系。)”可知，在工作之外与他人一起参加活动的参与者更有可能与他们建立更深的关系，由此可知，下班之后，邀请他们到你的家里有助于和他们建立更深的关系。故选C项。
51．B 52．D 53．C 54．C 55．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己女儿和新冠患者从不幸中有所收获告诉读者要善于从不幸的遭遇中发现积极向上的一面，要知道坏中有好。
51．细节理解题。根据第二段“She calmed herself down by making a joke. She expressed thankfulness that she didn’t have bigger problems. Then she made a plan to talk to her teacher to improve her skills.(她讲了个笑话使自己平静下来。她对自己没有更大的麻烦表示感谢。然后，她制定了一个计划，与她的老师交谈，以提高她的技能)”可知，作者的女儿在考试不及格后心怀感激，想要改进。故选B项。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago,the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad.(这与几年前我看到的那个面对失望的孩子有了很大的变化，那个曾经不愿意承担责任、责怪别人的孩子，这表明她已经长大了，懂得了坏事中的好事)”可知，作者在他们的女儿身上观察到女儿长大了，懂得了艰辛的价值。故选D项。
53．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Despite all of this adversity, 88 percent of the people surveyed said they now have stronger family relationships and a greater appreciation for life.(尽管有这些逆境，88%的受访者表示，他们现在有了更牢固的家庭关系，对生活有了更大的感激)”可知，研究告诉了被调查者他们有了更好的家庭，对生活有了更多的感激。故选C项。
54．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it. When we do, we become not only able to heal the trauma associated with it but also thrive again. We build up confidence and experience that will help us the next time we face adversity.(困难使我们适应、回应，并寻找其他方法来解决它。当我们这样做时，我们不仅能够治愈与之相关的创伤，还能再次茁壮成长。我们建立信心和经验，这将有助于我们下次面对逆境)”可知，困难鼓励一个人找到不同的解决方案，培养信心去促进个人成长。故选C项。
55．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者通过自己女儿和新冠患者从不幸中有所收获告诉读者要善于从不幸的遭遇中发现积极向上的一面，要知道坏中有好。结合第三段的“We expect our kids to learn and grow, but many of them will also grow through adversity (逆境), and even thrive (茁壮成长) after trauma (创伤). Psychologists call it post-traumatic growth.(我们期望我们的孩子学习和成长，但他们中的许多人也会在逆境中成长，甚至在创伤后茁壮成长)”和最后一段的“Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it.(困难使我们适应、回应，并寻找其他方法来解决它)”可知，这篇文章关于逆境和成长的主要信息是困难可以带来个人成长。故选A项。
56．Several easy ways to make friends. 57．Ways/Methods/Skills to make friends. 58．Interests. 59．A good listener can make people feel special. 60．(Open.)
Trying to find more topics for conversations is the most useful for me, because I’m not good at finding topics.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。该短文主要针对如何交朋友的问题，提出了几点建议，例如不要害怕向人们展示你擅长什么、谈论你最喜欢做的事情、与人交谈时要看他的眼睛、做一个好的聆听者等。
56．考查主旨大意。由第一段中的“It’s hard to make friends if you stay home alone all the time. You need to get out of the house and do things that will help you meet other people. (如果你一直一个人呆在家里，很难交到朋友。你需要走出家门，做一些有助于你认识其他人的事情)”，第二段“Learn from people at school who seem to make friends easily. Notice what they say and how they act. Don’t copy everything they do, but try some of their techniques. It will help you develop your own social style. (向学校里似乎很容易交到朋友的人学习。注意他们的言行。不要模仿他们做的每件事，而是尝试他们的一些技巧。它将帮助你发展自己的社交风格)”和文章其它部分可知，文章主要介绍了一些交朋友的方法。故答案为：Several easy ways to make friends.
57．考查词句猜测。由第二段“Learn from people at school who seem to make friends easily. Notice what they say and how they act. Don’t copy everything they do, but try some of their techniques. It will help you develop your own social style. (向学校里似乎很容易交到朋友的人学习。注意他们的言行。不要模仿他们做的每件事，而是尝试他们的techniques。它将帮助你发展自己的社交风格)”可知，作者建议向很容易交到朋友的人学习交友技巧，techniques在此处意为“交朋友的方式/技巧”。故答案为：Ways/Methods/Skills to make friends.
58．考查细节理解。由第一段中的“You will find that it’s easier to make friends when you have similar interests. (当你有相似的兴趣爱好时，你会发现交朋友更容易)”和第三段中的“People will want to learn about your interests most. (人们最想了解你的兴趣)”可知，朋友最应该有共同兴趣。故答案为：Interests.
59．考查细节理解。由第五段中的“Ask lots of questions, and show an interest in their answers. This will make people feel special, and they will want to be your friends. (问很多问题，对他们的答案表现出兴趣。这会让人们感到特别，他们会想成为你的朋友)”可知，好的听众可以使人们感觉特殊，容易交朋友。故答案为：A good listener can make people feel special.
60．考查开放答题。由第四段中的“Think of some topics that would make good conversation. (想一想一些能让谈话愉快的话题)”可知，尝试寻找更多的话题对我来说是最有用的，因为我不擅长寻找话题。故答案为：Trying to find more topics for conversations is the most useful for me, because I’m not good at finding topics.
61．Dear Susan,
I am sorry to know that you are having trouble in making friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you.
To begin with, why not be a friend first if you want to make friends In addition, wouldn‘t it be a good idea if you share happiness and sorrow with your friend Just as a saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Last but not least, it would be a good idea if you put your heart into making friends. It is wellknown to us all that friendship calls for time and effort.
I hope you will find these ideas useful.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友苏珊写信寻求交友方面的建议。
【详解】 1. 词汇积累
建议：advice →tips
悲伤：sadness →sorrow
需要：need →call for
此外：besides →in addition
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Putting your heart into making friends would be a good idea.
拓展句：It would be a good idea if you put your heart into making friends.
【点睛】 【高分句型1】 However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
【高分句型2】 It is wellknown to us all that friendship calls for time and effort.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句）