人教版2019高中英语必修一Unit 4 Natural disaters 定语从句Discovering Useful Structures课件

(共31张PPT)
Unit4
Natural Disasters
Discovering Useful Structures
--Attributive Clause
①
CONTENTS
Review
Simple sentences
Lead in
What is attribute？
What`s attribute clause
Presentation
Conjunction
How to choose the conjunctions？
01
02
03
04
Practice
单句语法填空
完成句子
Learning Obejectives
01
02
03
describe pictures of earthquake, observe sentences and summarize the rules of restrictive relative clauses
cooperate with your members to solve problems
be aware of the human`s strength of unity in front of natural disasters.
By the end of the class, you will be able to:
A strong earthquake broke out in Tangshan.
Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it.
Millions of people were injured or dead.
Doctors and nurses gave survivors medical care.
We called the rescue workers heroes.
There is no love in disaster, but in our heart.
Review：Simple Sentences
主谓
主谓宾
主谓表
主谓宾宾
主谓宾宾补
There 存在句
复合句中英语句子成分的位置（以谓语动词为参考物）
谓语前的句子成分：
谓语（vt.）后的句子成分：
系动词后的句子成分：
名词前的句子成分：
本身表时间，地点，原因，方式的：
主语
宾语
表语
定语 （......的）
状语
Review：Simple Sentences
Lead in
What is attributive (定语)？
严重的龙卷风
a severe tornado
被困在地下的人
the people trapped under the ground
在废墟下的幸存者
the survivor under the ruins
Pre-attributive （前置定语）
Post-attributive（后置定语）
Lead in
What is attributive (定语)？
a severe tornado
a strong earthquake
a great athlete
the people trapped under the ground
the survivor under the ruins
Lead in
What is attributive clause (定语从句)？
1. An earthquake, which caused great damage, broke out in Tangshan.
2. The number of people who were killed or injured was more than 400,000.
一场导致损失惨重的地震在唐山爆发。
伤亡的人数超过四十万。
定语从句本质上和_______是一样的，用来修饰限定______。
形容词
名词
定语从句
The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句
Presentation
An earthquake, which caused great damage, broke out in Tangshan.
句子： 主句 + 从句
先行词
(被修饰的名词)
连接词
连接主从句
代替先行词
充当从句成分
What is attributive clause (定语从句)？
Presentation
连接词
关系代词
关系副词
that, which, who, whom(谁), whose (谁的)
when, where, why
原则：当定语从句缺成分, 用关系代词
当定语从句不缺成分, 用关系副词
Presentation
找出下列句子的先行词和连接词
1. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
2. Two thirds of people who lived there were dead or injured.
3. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
4. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
5. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.
裂缝，指物
人们，指人
幸存者，指人
供给物资，指物
医生，指人
关系代词 who
1
who指人，在定语从句中可以充当____________________。
主语、宾语
定语从句
主语
定语从句
宾语
The children who were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hospital now.
目前，在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。
Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.
丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。
关系代词 whom
2
whom指人，在定语从句中作_______，可省略，也可用______代替,
宾语
定语从句
宾语
定语从句
宾语
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.
罗丝是你应该关心的人。
The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by whom she was rescued.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
who
但在介词后面则不能省略，也不能用who代替。
关系代词 whose
3
whose既可以指_____，也可以指_____，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作____________。
人
定语从句
定语
定语从句
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.
我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
He lives in a room whose window faces north.
他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。
定语
定语
物
关系代词 which
4
which指________，在定语从句中作____________，作宾语时可省略。
物
定语从句
主语
There were huge cracks which cut across roads and houses.
道路和房屋上都有巨大的裂缝。
Houses and factories (which) people built lay in ruins.
人们建造的房屋和工厂成了废墟。
定语从句
宾语
主语，宾语
关系代词 that
5
that 既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作_________________，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用____________替代，指物多用____________替代。
主语、宾语或表语
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)
The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.
地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)
who, whom
which
Summary
关系代词 先行词 （人/物） 从句中充当什么成分？
who
which
that
whose
whom
人
主语/宾语
物
主语/宾语
物/人
主语或宾语
物/人
定语
人
宾语
做宾语
可省略
注意
(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，
因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
(3)关系词有两个作用：
1、引导定语从句
2、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
1.当先行词为all，little，few，some，none，something，everything，nothing，anything，much等不定代词，或被不定代词修饰时。
Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said
李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
All that can be done has been done.所有能做的都做了。
2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.
这是我吃过的最美味的食品。
关系词只能用that而不用which的情况
3. 先行词被all，every，the only，the very，the last，the same等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that are not mine. 我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。
The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help.
她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。
I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday. 我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。
4. 当先行词既指人，又指物时。
We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.
我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。
关系词只能用that而不用which的情况
5. 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作表语时。
Our school is no longer the school that is used to be .
我们的学校已经不再是从前的样子了。
6. 句中其他位置已经出现Which，为避免重复不用which，而用that。
Which is the car that has overtaken us？
超过我们的是哪辆车？
关系词只能用that而不用which的情况
如何选择准确的关系代词
Step1
Step3
Step2
1.找准 ___________
2.判断先行词是指人还是指物
3. 把先行词带进从句中，判断
从句缺什么成分
先行词
如何选择准确的关系代词
She is looking for a man _______ is tall, rich and handsome.
The man is tall , rich and handsome.
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
who
先行词
指人
缺主语
如何选择准确的关系代词
He is the man______________she has been looking for.
she has been looking for a man.
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
who/whom
先行词
指人
缺宾语
如何选择准确的关系代词
He is the man______________she has been looking for.
she has been looking for a man.
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
who/whom
先行词
指人
缺宾语
如何选择准确的关系代词
There were some smelly gas ___________ came out of the wells.
some smelly gas came out of the wells.
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
which/that
先行词
指物
缺主语
Practise
(1)用适当的关系代词填空
1. Do you know the man ____________ is talking with your mother
2. This is the person ____________ you should thank for helping your son.
3. The girl ____________ graduated from Cambridge University is called Amanda.
4. I like those books ____________ topics are about history.
5. Any student ____________ family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
6. Look，here are some people ________________ I want you to meet.
who
who/whom
who
whose
whose
who/whom/that
Practise
(1)用适当的关系代词填空
7. Is there anything you don't understand about the problem
8. This is the hospital we visited yesterday.
9. All the presents your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.
10. The worst matter I'd been afraid of happened in the end.
11. He was late for the opening ceremony was an excellent one.
that
that/which
that
that
which/that
Practise
(1)用适当的关系代词填空
7. Is there anything you don't understand about the problem
8. This is the hospital we visited yesterday.
9. All the presents your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.
10. The worst matter I'd been afraid of happened in the end.
11. He was late for the opening ceremony was an excellent one.
that
that/which
that
that
which/that
Practise
(2)完成句子
①This is the most beautiful park ____________________.
这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。
②She took photographs of the things and people ____________________.
她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。
③Chatting was ____________________ interested her most.
聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。
④It is ____________________ you arrived late this month.
这是你这个月第三次迟到。
that I have visited
that she was interested in
the only thing that
the third time that
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