2024人教版九年级英语上册期中一般现在时的被动语态专题复习学案+练习题（含答案）

2024人教版九年级英语上册期中一般现在时的被动语态专题复习练习题
语法概述
英语动词有两种语态:主动语态(Active Voice)和被动语态(Passive Voice).当主语为动作的执行者时,谓语要用主动语态;当主语为动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态.
They use computers.(主动语态,主语They是动作use的执行者)
Computers are used by them.(被动语态,主语Computers 是动作use的承受者)
1、被动语态的构成
被动语态由＂助动词be+及物动词的过去分词＂构成.其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的.一般现在时的被动语态的谓语形式为＂am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词＂.
This jacket is made of cotton.这件夹克衫是棉料的.
Many trees are planted by us every year.我们每年种许多树.
2、一般现在时的被动语态的句式结构
肯定句：主语＋am/is/are+过去分去分词( +by...)
否定句：主语＋am/is/are+ not+过去分(＋by...).
一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语＋过去分(＋by...)
特殊疑问词：特殊疑问句＋am/is/are+主语＋过去分词(＋by...)
English is spoken by many people.许多人说英语.
They aren't allowed to go into the house.不许他们进入这所房子.
Is the car made by a Japanese company 这辆汽车是由一家日本公司制造的吗
What is this kind of sweater made of 这种毛衣是由什么制成的
3、使用被动语态的情况
①当动作的执行者不必或不易说出时,用被动语态.
The flowers are watered every morning.每天早上给这些花浇水.
②需要突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态.动作的执行者由by引出且置于谓语动词之后,也可省略.
The new teacher is liked by all the students.新老师被所有学生喜爱.
③表示＂据说／据报道／人们相信＂等,常用＂It is+过去分词＋that从句＂句型.
It is reported that a rainstorm is coming its way.据报道,一场暴风雨就要来了.
It is believed that both of the chairs were repaired by him.大家相信这两把椅子都是他修好的.
④文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语也常使用被动语态.
Teachers Wanted 招聘老师(省略了are)
4、不能使用被动语态的情况
① look、sound、smell、taste等系动词,用主动形式表示被动含义.
This cup of orange juice tastes strange. Do you think it's OK to drink 这杯橙汁尝起来很奇怪.你认为它可以喝吗
②动词need、want以及短语 be worth等后接动词-ing时,用主动形式表示被动含义.
My flowers need watering.我的花需要浇水.
③某些表示主语内在＂品质”或＂性能”的不及物动词,如write、wash、sell、read、clean、drive等,它们的主语为物时,用主动形式表示被动含义.
This kind of skirt sells well here.这种裙子在这里很好卖.
④不及物动词或词组没有被动结构,如:take place(发生)、happen(发生)、come about(发生)、break out(爆发)、appear(出现)、disappear(消失)、last(持续)等.
5、主动语态和被动语态的转化
口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。
主动语态转化为被动语态的步骤如下:
(1)确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语.
(2)把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语,若主动句里的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变为主格.
(3)把谓语变成被动结构＂be+动词的过去分词＂,但时态不能改变.
(4)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by后作宾语,若主语是人称代词,应把主格变为宾格.
6、主动语态和被动语态的转化
1）带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)
口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。
①.give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .
②.buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb
He gave me a book
I was given a book by him.
A book was given to me by him .
My mother made me a cake .
I was made a cake by my mother
A cake was made for me by my mother .
2）带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .
口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。
动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch
make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth
The boss made the workers work all day
The workers were made to work all day by the boss.
3）在see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时，doing 不变。
I heard Tom singing just now
Tom was heard singing by me just now .
4）以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
We should take care of the old .
The old should be taken care of by us .
基础训练
一、单项选择
1．—Our school is beautiful!
—It will be more beautiful if more trees ________ by us.
A．were planted B．are planted C．planted D．plant
2．Nowadays, Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners.
A．was learned B．learned
C．is learned D．has learned
3．—How cool! The cars can drive by themselves.
—It’s reported that they by computers inside.
A．controlled B．will be controlled C．are controlled D．are controlling
4．Labour can create wealth and at the same time beauty ________ by labour, too.
A．making B．made C．is made D．make
5．Today Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world.
A．was spoken B．is spoken C．spoke D．speak
6．The child without parents ________ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A．takes B．are taken C．take D．is taken
7．She won’t go to Mary’s birthday party tomorrow night unless she ________ by Mary.
A．invites B．is invited C．will be invited D．will invite
8．In many places in China, the old over 90 ________ not only by their family but also by the government.
A．is taking good care of B．are taken good care of
C．is taken good care of D．are taking good care of
9．—What fine weather! Why not row boats on Fengcheng Lake together
—Sure, if your homework ________ by noon.
A．finishes B．is finished C．has finished D．will be finished
10．Teenagers today ________ to get good grades by their parents so that they can enter a good university.
A．expect B．are expected C．expected D．were expected
二、完成句子
11．Her classmates laugh at her from time to time. (改成被动语态)
She by her classmates from time to time.
12．More and more people speak Chinese around the world. (改为被动语态)
Chinese by more and more people around the world.
13．Do people use knives to cut things (改为被动语态)
to cut things by people
14．The factory don’t make this kind of glass.(改为被动语态)
This kind of glass by the factory.
15．Sally’s parents don’t allow her to go out on school nights. (改为被动语态)
Sally to go out on school nights by her parents.
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．A baby’s first birthday is a special event in China and ________ with a special party.
A．celebrates B．is celebrated
C．was celebrated D．celebrated
2．—May I borrow another two books, Miss Li
—Sorry. No more books can be borrowed until these two ________.
A．return B．would return C．are returned D．would be returned
3．The Moon Lake Park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year.
A．are planted B．were planted C．plant D．planted
4．It ________ that people ________ in the Year of the Tiger are brave.
A．said; was born B．says; was born C．is said; born D．says; born
5．Many flowers ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year.
A．send B．are sending C．will send D．are sent
6．I won’t go to Tina’s birthday party unless I ________.
A．am inviting B．will be invited C．was invited D．am invited
7．—Mr Zhao, will you go to the school trip tomorrow
—It depends. But I won’t unless I _________.
A．will be allowed B．won’t be allowed C．am allowed D．am not allowed
8．—Mum, can I go for a picnic with my classmates this afternoon
—As long as your homework ________, you can.
A．is finished B．finished C．will be finished D．will finish
9．—I won’t come to the party unless Tom ________.
—You mean if Tom comes, you’ll come
A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited
10．We ________ to turn off the lights before we leave the classroom.
A．were told B．are told C．tell D．told
11．—When shall I hand in my report
— As soon as your report ________ tomorrow.
A．completes B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed
12．—Will you go to Tina’s party tomorrow
—Unless I ________.
A．invite B．will indite C．am invited D．will be invited
13．—Do you know anything about the Olympic Game
—Yes. It ________every four years.
A．holds B．has held C．is held D．was held
14．The meeting ________ next Monday.
A．will be happened B．will take place
C．will be taken place D．will happen
15．The cotton ________ very soft and ________ white, I think it has good quality.
A．is felt, is looked B．feels, looks C．smells, sounds D．is felt, looks
二、完成句子
16．这些老人被照顾得很好。
These old people are .
17．这大楼里，是不允许吸烟的。
Smoking in this building.
18．《老人与海》是海明威所著。(完成译句)
The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway.
19．可是他因为长得胖被同学嘲笑。
But he by his classmates for he’s a little fat.
20．在德国说什么语言？
What language in Germany
21．地球表面约百分之七十被水覆盖。
About 70% of the earth’s surface water.
22．这种机器是用来切割木头的。
This kind of machine cutting wood.
23．我喜欢兔子剪纸，它们被视为可爱的象征。
I like the paper cutting of rabbits. They the symbol of cuteness.
24．同学们每天都会打扫教室。(clean)
The classroom by the students every day.
25．那带灯的鞋被用在黑暗的环境中以便看得见。
The shoes with lights are for in the dark.
答案
基础训练
一、单项选择
1．B
2．C
3．C
4．C
5．B
6．D
7．B
8．B
9．B
10．B
二、完成句子
11．is laughed at
12．is spoken
13．Are knives used
14．isn’t made
15．isn’t allowed
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．C
5．D
6．D
7．C
8．A
9．D
10．B
11．B
12．C
13．C
14．B
15．B
二、完成句子
16．taken good care of
17．isn’t allowed
18．is written
19．is laughed at
20．is spoken
21．is covered with
22．is used for
23．are seen as
24．is cleaned
25．used seeing