2025北师大版高中英语必修第三册强化练习题--UNIT 8　Part 4　LESSON 3 “WHITE BIKES” ON（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025北师大版高中英语必修第三册
Part 4　LESSON 3 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.After I spent New Year in the Highlands in Scotland, all the pressure to communicate 　　　　(消失).
2.They came to the crossing of two　　　　(小道) and didn't know which one to take.
3.Ellis Island has become one of America's most popular tourist　　　　(目的地).
4.The computer t　　　　 system is a good way to prevent thieves from stealing bikes.
5.The progress so far has been very good. We are,t　　　　, confident that the work will be completed on time.
Ⅱ.选词填空
come up with;be known as;a matter of;thanks to;pedal one's way
1.My mom is always able to　　　　　　some good advice.
2.Don't worry. It'll only be　　　　　　hours before he gets back.
3.We won the game　　　　　　a lot of hard work from everyone in the team.
4.As the two people　　　　　　down the road, the sun set slowly behind the mountains.
5.(2021浙江)Although Mary loved flowers, neither she nor her husband 　　　　　　 a gardener.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.This film is very popular 　　　　　young people, which tells a really romantic story.
2.(2024河南林州一中月考)As the 　　　　　(found) of the non-profit organization, White has developed a small but clever strategy.
3.The difference between the impossible and the possible lies in a person's 　　　　　(determine).
4.(2024河南漯河高中月考)The German and UK researchers collected data from 31 studies 　　　　　(involve) nearly 1,300 adults.
5.Why bother　　　　　(prepare) a room when I might not be here tomorrow
6.I walked nervously up to the path 　　　　　(lead) to the secret garden.
7.(2023北京)The amount of time 　　　　　(need) to build a habit will depend on multiple factors, including the individual and the intended behaviour.
8.A parking lot is going to be built 　　　　　there used to be a small park.
Ⅳ.单元语法专练
写出画线词的词性及词义
1.Her job is hard, but the pay is good.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
2.I have booked two rooms for the whole family.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
3.Each young person must shoulder his responsibility.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
4.This apartment can house six people and a dog.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
5.The students had a hearty laugh at the teacher's joke.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
　　The idea of “white bikes”　1　(begin) about 50 years ago, and ever since then, people in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling. Because of its 　2　(convenient) for bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips 　3　(make) by bike. That's how it gets the nickname “the City of Bicycles”.
In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with the idea 　4　 it would be better for both people and the environment if only bicycles were allowed in the city centre. They painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam 　5　 people to use free of charge. Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared— 　6　(thief) stole them all in a matter of weeks! 　7　 in 1999 the “white bikes” returned with a computer tracking system to record their every move! Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in 　8　(centre) Amsterdam.
Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled 　9　(it) way around the world. Both the locals and tourists like to use 　10　(share) bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.
1.　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　
6.　　　　7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2022河南洛阳创新发展联盟联考)
Many people are concerned　1　 the benefits of a healthy lifestyle, but what does that actually mean Healthy living is about taking responsibility for your 　2　(decide) and choices for today and for the future. A healthy lifestyle 　3　(regard) as a “balanced life” in 　4　 one makes “wise choices”. A healthy lifestyle is a valuable resource for reducing health problems, for relieving life stress, and for improving the quality of life.
To have a healthy lifestyle, the right nutrition is necessary. Your body requires a well-balanced diet every day in order to maintain the proper amounts of vitamins, proteins and minerals 　5　(need) by your body.
You will also need to include physical fitness as a part of your life. Physical fitness keeps your weight in check, prevents heart attacks and other　6　(harm) effects. Basically there are so many benefits of exercise that you really can live a full life with it.
Emotional stress plays　7　 important role in many illnesses, both directly and indirectly. People are also more likely to smoke, overeat, drink too much, argue with others and so on, when they are feeling stressed. Therefore, stress management is 　8　(current) a new lifestyle, and relaxation techniques are a key part of having a healthy lifestyle.
Being healthy　9　(be) so important, so don't hesitate 　10　(start) a healthy lifestyle right now!
1.　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　
6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2022安徽合肥一中月考)
A study has shown how ecotourism in the Philippines has changed people's attitudes towards marine conservation(海洋保护).
Researchers from the University of Victoria and other institutes in the Philippines visited three sites where tourists pay to swim with whale sharks in the wild. They interviewed a range of locals in Oslob, Donsol and Pintuyan, including fishers and whale shark hunters. In Oslob, the largest of the three sites, people were more likely to speak about the resulting improvement in their quality of life and increase in job opportunities. At the smaller, less profitable sites, people's responses were more likely to be about the changes in how people behaved towards the sharks.
Dr. Jackie Ziegler, leader of the team of researchers, said, “Many of the people reported they cared about and valued whale sharks because of tourism activities. They also expressed the community's emotional connection with the species and the strong need to protect them. Before the introduction of tourism activities, most of the locals admitted to harming the sharks by hitting them with stones or riding them.” In terms of attitudes towards the wider marine environment, the majority of the respondents now actively encourage others to care about the ocean and they also use more sustainable fishing practices.
The study also acknowledged the potential negative effects of tourism on the marine environment, such as impacts on the health of local coral reefs and of the sharks. It concluded that further studies were needed to assess these impacts before a firm conclusion could be drawn regarding the positive impacts of whale shark tourism on ocean conservation.
Nevertheless, the researchers say their work suggests ecotourism should be an effective means of strengthening protection. “Bringing the views of the local tour operator to the study was necessary for uncovering the true impacts of whale shark tourism and the wider benefits to the ocean conservation in the Philippines,” Dr. Ziegler added.
1.What were the local people the least concerned about according to Paragraph 2
A.The improvement in the quality of life.　　　
B.The behaviour towards sharks.
C.The increase in work chances.　　　
D.The relationships between people.
2.Which word can best describe locals' actions towards marine life before the introduction of ecotourism
A.Protective.　　　B.Satisfying.　　
C.Unsustainable.　　　D.Beneficial.
3.What will be the focus of future research on tourism
A.The influence on marine species.
B.The strategies for carrying out marine ecotourism.
C.The types of ocean conservation.
D.The importance of protecting the local whale sharks.
4.What can be the best title of the text
A.Ecotourism Changes Locals' Attitudes to Marine Conservation
B.Ecotourism Does Much Good to Marine Life as Before
C.Marine Ecotourism Gives Rise to a New Kind of Business
D.Ecotourism Has Brought Large Benefits to People
B
(2023河南郸城县第一高级中学期末)
Can cities and nature exist together The answer is yes.
Visitors to Mexico's second city, Monterrey, will not fail to be impressed by its mountains. But it is now set to be famous for another reason, its large, man-made environmental features.
Monterrey plans to build 18 green corridors(走廊) of trees to fight climate change. Taken together, these projects plan to create over 940,000 square meters of parks, and over 73 km of city streets take part in the “extreme tree planting”.
The city is set to start its plan for green corridors with the “Park Lake” project in the city's northern area. This will create 80,000 square meters of green public space. In general, this first project aims to offer environmental services such as the water supply to deal with the problem of not having enough water, as well as combatting the extreme heat in the area, and to improve access to green spaces and recreational (娱乐的) areas for residents. The project is not about governmental actions; it is about creating a community together with the people. It is realizing a good connection between companies, between people and the government.
What is planned for the first stage of the project Residents can expect increased recreational features like exercise areas and spaces for picnics, outdoor games, and quality play areas for children.
Designing Buildings reports that green corridors also connect the animals that have been separated by human developments such as roads and houses, leading to an increase in the population of animals and preventing animals and plants from becoming too weak.
These green corridors are used for many different purposes, offering an impressive list of social and environmental benefits to humans, and wild animals and plants. These include greater city and environmental qualities such as recreational areas, community gardening, and the cooling space under the trees. They encourage sports activities, social communication, happiness in nature, and non-polluting vehicles such as bicycles. They also help to prevent heat islands from forming, and protect people from air pollution.
5.What do we know about Monterrey
A.It will become greener and greener.　　　
B.It will feature a natural environment.
C.Its green corridors include 73 streets.　　　
D.Its mountains fail to impress visitors.
6.What does the underlined word “combatting” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Using.　　　B.Fighting.　　C.Accepting.　　　D.Increasing.
7.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the project
A.Its process.　 B.Its benefits.　 C.Its promotion. D.Its disadvantages.
8.What can be the best title for this text
A.City Environment Needs Improving　　　
B.Trees Can Make a City More Attractive
C.People and Nature Can Share a Home　　　
D.Planting Trees Can Solve Social Problems
Ⅳ.应用文写作
(2022北京人大附中期中)
假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。期中考试之后,你校将要举办主题为“拥抱自然,收获快乐”的秋游骑行活动,请给你校的交换生Jim写一封邮件,邀请他参加此次活动,内容包括:
1.活动安排;
2.活动意义。
注意:1.词数80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours,
Li Hua
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING
Part 4　LESSON 3 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.disappeared　2.paths　3.destinations　4.tracking　5.therefore
Ⅱ.1.come up with　2.a matter of　3.thanks to 4.pedalled their way　5.was known as
Ⅲ.1.with/among　考查固定搭配。句意:这部电影很受年轻人的欢迎,它讲述了一个非常浪漫的故事。 be popular with/among...受……的欢迎。
2.founder　考查名词。句意:作为这个非营利组织的创始人,怀特制订了一个小而巧妙的策略。设空处被定冠词the修饰,应用名词,由逗号后面的主语White可知,设空处指的是人,应填founder,意为“创始人”。
3.determination　考查名词。句意:不可能与可能的区别在于一个人的决心。设空处由名词所有格修饰,应用名词,故填determination,表示“决心”。
4.involving　考查现在分词。句意: 德国和英国的研究人员从涉及近1,300名成年人的31项研究中收集了数据。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语,设空处应用非谓语动词作定语,修饰studies,involve在此处表示“涉及”,studies与involve之间是主动关系,应用现在分词。故填involving。
5.preparing/to prepare　考查固定搭配。句意:既然明天我可能不在这里,何必费心准备房间呢 Why bother to do/doing... 表示“何必费心做…… ”。
6.leading　考查现在分词。句意:我紧张地向通往秘密花园的小径走去。句中已有谓语动词walked,设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰path,path与lead之间为主动关系,应用现在分词,故填leading。
7.needed　考查过去分词。句意:养成一个习惯所需的时间的多少将取决于很多因素,包括个人的和预期的行为。句中已有谓语动词,设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰time,time与need之间为被动关系,应用过去分词,故填needed。
8.where　考查状语从句。句意:在过去是一个小公园的地方要建一个停车场。主句缺少状语,根据空后的语境可知,设空处表示地点,引导地点状语从句,应用where。
Ⅳ.1.名词;薪水　2.动词;预订　3.动词;肩负,承担　4.动词;给……提供住处　5.名词;笑声
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.began　考查动词的时态。句意:“白色自行车”的想法始于大约50年前,从那时起,阿姆斯特丹的人们就一直享受着骑自行车的好处。根据时间状语“about 50 years ago”可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填began。
2.convenience　考查名词。句意:因为这里骑自行车很方便,阿姆斯特丹变得深受骑自行车的人的欢迎——所有旅行中,有惊人的38%是通过骑自行车完成的。根据空前的its可知,此处应用名词形式,故填convenience。
3.are made　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语和make之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态。由上下文可知此处应用一般现在时。“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时,要根据名词的数确定谓语动词的数,trips为复数,谓语动词应用复数形式,故填are made。
4.that　考查同位语从句。句意:在20世纪60年代,一群骑行爱好者提出了这样一个想法,如果市中心只允许有自行车的话,这对人们和环境都更有好处。that 引导的从句是idea的同位语,解释说明idea的内容。
5.for　考查介词。句意:他们把数百辆自行车漆成白色,并把它们放在阿姆斯特丹的许多地方,以供人们免费使用。people 是to use 的逻辑主语,不定式的逻辑主语常由for引出,故填for。
6.thieves　考查名词复数。句意:然而,不久之后,问题来了:所有的“白色自行车”都消失了——小偷在几个星期内偷走了所有的自行车!thief 为可数名词,前面没有限定词修饰,此处应用其复数形式。故填thieves。
7.But　考查连词。句意:但在1999年,配有计算机跟踪系统以记录它们的一举一动的“白色自行车”回来了!根据上下文的意思可知,前后两句话在意思上为转折关系,故填But。
8.central　考查形容词。句意:多亏了许多人的想法和努力,你现在可以在阿姆斯特丹市中心享受清新的空气和便捷的交通。此处应用形容词作定语,故填central。
9.its　考查代词。句意:如今,“白色自行车”的想法已经在全世界流传开来。设空处修饰后面的way,应用形容词性物主代词。
10.shared　考查非谓语动词。句意:当地人和游客都喜欢使用共享单车,因为单车共享是一种既便宜又简单的节约能源、减少空气和噪声污染并享受在城市锻炼的好处的方式。设空处作定语,bikes与share之间为被动关系,故填shared。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康的生活方式的好处。
1.with/about　考查介词。句意:许多人关心健康生活方式的好处,但那到底意味着什么呢 be concerned with/about sth.关心某事物,故填with或about。
2.decisions　考查名词及其单复数。句意:健康的生活是关于为你今天和未来的决定和选择负责。由空前的your可知,此处应用名词,结合语境和后文中的choices可知用复数形式,故填decisions。
3.is regarded　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:健康的生活方式被认为是一种“平衡的生活”,在这种“平衡的生活”中,一个人可以做出“明智的选择”。设空处为主句的谓语,根据语境可知,这里描述的是一般情况,应用一般现在时,主语为A healthy lifestyle(单数),与regard之间为被动关系,故填is regarded。
4.which　考查定语从句。句意同上题。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,修饰先行词“balanced life”,设空处作介词in的宾语,指物,故用关系代词which。
5.needed　考查非谓语动词。句意:每天,你的身体需要均衡的饮食,以保持身体所需的适量的维生素、蛋白质和矿物质。分析句子结构可知,need与其逻辑主语构成被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语,故填needed。
6.harmful　考查形容词。句意:健身可以控制你的体重,防止心脏病发作和其他有害影响。设空处修饰后面的名词effects,应用形容词,故填harmful。
7.an　考查冠词。句意:情绪压力在许多疾病中直接和间接地扮演重要角色。play an important role in...在……中扮演重要角色,故填an。
8.currently　考查副词。句意:因此,压力管理是目前一种新的生活方式,而放松技巧是拥有健康生活方式的关键部分。此处作状语,应用副词currently。
9.is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:健康如此重要,所以不要犹豫,现在就开始健康的生活方式吧!陈述客观事实用一般现在时,且主语为动名词短语,谓语动词用单数形式,故填is。
10.to start　考查非谓语动词。don't hesitate to do sth.毫不犹豫做某事,故填to start。
【高频词汇】　1.benefit n.益处　2.responsibility n.责任
3.relieve v.减轻　4.nutrition n.营养;营养的补给 5.maintain v.保持　6.argue v.争吵,争论
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述一项研究的结果——生态旅游可以改变人们对海洋保护的态度。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“In Oslob, the largest of the three sites...how people behaved towards the sharks.(在三个地方中最大的Oslob,人们更有可能谈论由此带来的生活质量的改善和就业机会的增加。在较小、利润较低的地方,人们的反应更可能是关于人们对待鲨鱼的方式的变化。)”可知,当地人关心生活质量的改善、就业机会的增加和人们对待鲨鱼的方式的变化,所以最不关心的是“人与人之间的关系”。故选D项。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Before the introduction of tourism activities, most of the locals admitted to harming the sharks by hitting them with stones or riding them.(在引进旅游活动之前,大多数当地人承认通过用石头打鲨鱼或骑鲨鱼来伤害它们。)”可知,在引进生态旅游之前,当地人对海洋生物的行为是不好的。protective保护的;satisfying令人满意的;unsustainable破坏生态平衡的;beneficial有利的。故选C项。
3.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“It concluded that further studies were needed...on ocean conservation.(它的结论是,在得出关于鲸鲨旅游对海洋保护的积极影响的确切结论之前,需要进行进一步的研究来评估这些影响。)”可知,未来对旅游业的研究重点是对海洋物种的影响。故选A项。
4.A　主旨大意题。通读全文,并结合文章第一段“A study has shown how ecotourism in the Philippines has changed people's attitudes towards marine conservation.(一项研究表明,菲律宾的生态旅游改变了人们对海洋保护的态度。)”可知,本文主要讲述一项研究的结果——生态旅游可以改变人们对海洋保护的态度。故选A项。
【高频词汇】　1.interview v.采访　2.opportunity n.机会
3.response n.反应　4.admit v.承认　5.negative adj.消极的　6.positive adj.积极的
长难句
原句　It concluded that further studies were needed to assess these impacts before a firm conclusion could be drawn regarding the positive impacts of whale shark tourism on ocean conservation.
分析　本句是主从复合句。“that further studies were needed...conservation”是that引导的宾语从句;“to assess these impacts”是不定式短语作目的状语;before引导时间状语从句。
译文　它的结论是,在得出关于鲸鲨旅游对海洋保护的积极影响的确切结论之前,需要进行进一步的研究来评估这些影响。
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了墨西哥的蒙特雷市计划建造18条绿色的树木走廊以及这一举措的好处。
5.A　推理判断题。根据第三段可知,蒙特雷计划建造18条绿色的树木走廊来抵御气候变化。这些工程计划创造超过94万平方米的公园,超过73千米的城市街道参与这一“极端种树计划”,由此推知,蒙特雷这个城市将会变得越来越绿。故选A项。
6.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“offer environmental services such as the water supply to deal with the problem of not having enough water(提供供水等环境服务,以解决缺水问题)”以及常识可知,种树可以改善环境,解决缺水问题,帮助抵御极端的高温天气,由此可推断,画线词combatting表示“与……斗争”,与fighting意思相近。故选B项。
7.B　主旨大意题。根据最后一段“These green corridors...offering an impressive list of social and environmental benefits to humans, and wild animals and plants...They encourage sports activities...They also help...”可知,本段主要介绍了这些绿色走廊对人类、野生动植物带来的社会和环境益处。故选B项。
8.C　主旨大意题。 文章第一段点明主题——城市和自然能否共存,并给出了肯定答案。接下来介绍了墨西哥的蒙特雷市计划建造18条绿色的树木走廊以及这一工程的益处,证明了城市与自然可以共存。因此,C项“人与自然可以共享家园”最适合作为本文的标题。故选C项。
【高频词汇】　1.impress v.给……留下深刻印象→impressive adj.令人赞叹的　2.feature n.特色;特征;特点　3.extreme adj.极端的　4.supply n.供应　5.separate v.(使)分开,分离　6.purpose n.目的　7.benefit n.益处
【差距词汇】　be set to do sth.有可能做某事
Ⅳ.One possible version:
Dear Jim,
Our school will organize a cycling activity on October 10th whose theme is “Embrace Nature, Gain Happiness”. I am writing to invite you to join us.
At 8:00 am, we will gather at the school gate and go to the cycling park. After arriving there, we will rent bikes and begin our cycling along a 10-kilometer-long route. It's a good chance to get exercise and enjoy the beautiful view in the park.
Don't forget to wear your helmet and protective gloves if you come.
Yours,
Li Hua
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