2025北师大版高中英语必修第三册强化练习题--UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING五年高考练（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025北师大版高中英语必修第三册
五年高考练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023新课标Ⅰ,B)
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
1.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A.He was fond of traveling.　　　B.He enjoyed being alone.
C.He had an inquiring mind.　　　D.He longed to be a doctor.
2.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A.To feed the animals.　　　B.To build an ecosystem.
C.To protect the plants.　　　D.To test the eco-machine.
3.What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A.To review John's research plans.　　　
B.To show an application of John's idea.
C.To compare John's different jobs.　　　
D.To erase doubts about John's invention.
4.What is the basis for John's work
A.Nature can repair itself.　　　B.Organisms need water to survive.
C.Life on Earth is diverse.　　　D.Most tiny creatures live in groups.
高考词汇站
派生/合成词汇
1.harm n.& v.伤害,损害→　　　　 adj.有害的
2.combine v.组合,联合→　　　　 n.结合,联合
3.ecology n.生态,生态学→　　　　 adj.生态的,生态学的
4.cancer-causing adj.　　　　　　　　　
5.eco-machine n.　　　　
6.fiberglass n.　　　　　　
7.greenhouse-like adj.　　　　
8.self-repair v.　　　
熟词生义
9.trap v.　　　　　　
10.spare adj.　　　　
B
(2022北京,B)
My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled(削弱) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I've realised that my biggest obstacle(障碍) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can't. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.
5.What was the main cause for Alice's anxiety
A.Her inability to act her age.　　　
B.Her habit of consumption.
C.Her desire to be perfect.　　　
D.Her lack of inspiration.
6.How did Grant Brown's presentation influence Alice
A.She decided to do something for nature.　　　
B.She tasted the sweetness of friendship.
C.She learned about the harm of desire.　　　
D.She built up her courage to speak up.
7.The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more 　　　.
A.intelligent　　　B.confident　　
C.innovative　　　D.critical
8.What can we learn from this passage
A.Practice makes perfect.　　　
B.Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C.Action is worry's worst enemy.　　　
D.Everything comes to those who wait.
高考词汇站
派生/合成词汇
1.anxious adj.焦虑的→　　　　 n.焦虑
2.perfection n.完美→　　　　n.完美主义者
3.tend v.倾向→　　　　n.倾向,偏好
4.present v.展示→　　　　n.展示会,介绍会
5.apply v.申请→　　　　 n.申请
6.one-on-one adv.　　　
熟词生义
7.consume v.　　　
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021全国甲)
Swap, Don't Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor 　1　. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do!Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.　2　, and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●　3　. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 　4　. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 　5　. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
高考词汇站
派生/合成词汇
1.select v.挑选→　　　　 n.挑选
2.obvious adj.明显的,显然的→　　　　 adv.明显地,显然地
3.controllable adj.可控的→　　　　 adj.无法控制的
4.usable adj.可用的→　　　　 adj.可重复使用的
熟词生义
5.score v.　　　
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING
五年高考练
Ⅰ.A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了爱探索的约翰设计制造具有污水净化功能的生态机器,此机器有助于生态恢复,此后约翰投身于名为“生态设计”的事业中。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段首句、末句并结合第二段中“After...chemicals ”可推断出约翰从小到大爱探索、爱观察,有好奇心而且爱问问题,所以他具有很强的探究精神。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge.”和第四段内容可知,约翰把污泥放进箱子是为了测试他建造的生态机器是否起作用。根据第三段中“Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.”可知,约翰把污泥放进箱子之前,这些生物就形成了自己的生态系统,故B项错误。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第五段内容(这些年来,约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施,可以处理来自南伯灵顿1,600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器,用来清洁中国东南部城市福州的灌溉渠水。)可推断出,提到福州是为了展示约翰的想法在净化水方面的应用。
4.A　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物放在新联系中,观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展出自己的自我修复的方式。)”可知大自然自我修复的功能是约翰的工作的基础。
【高考词汇站】　1.harmful　2.combination 3.ecological　4.致癌的　5.生态机器 　6.玻璃纤维 7.类似温室的 　8.自我修复 　9.吸收　10.备用的
长难句
原句　With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.
分析　本句是主从复合句。he figured为主句的主语和谓语;maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did是宾语从句;nature did是定语从句,其先行词是way,省略了关系词that/in which。
译文　他认为,通过正确的动植物组合,也许他可以像大自然那样清理废物。
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过参与保护自然的活动摆脱了焦虑的故事。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did”可知,Alice焦虑的主要原因在于她的完美主义倾向,她想把任何事情都做到完美。故选C。
6.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句和第三段中的“but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized”“I was...protect nature”可推知,Grant Brown的讲座让Alice的内心产生了改变世界的渴望,她抓住了机会,加入了保护自然的组织,为保护自然做贡献。故选A。
7.B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.”可知,Alice参加的活动让她变得更加自信。故选B。
8.C　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled my ability to do anything.”和最后一段最后一句“After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.”可推知,行动治愈焦虑。故选C。
【高考词汇站】　1.anxiety　2.perfectionist　3.tendency
4.presentation　5.application　6.一对一地　7.使充满(强烈的感情)
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。作者主要描述了如何通过交换衣服实现保护环境的目的。
1.B　细节句。设空处前一句提出问题,设空处应该作出回答,根据标题中的Swap及第一段中不断出现的关键词clothing,我们可以快速锁定B项,设空处后一句中的代词It指的是交换衣服这件事。
2.A　细节句。根据设空处前句提到的“邀请5至10人”及设空处后面的“there may not be enough things to choose from”及“more than that”可知,“邀请5至10人”与A选项“Less people than that”相呼应,that指代“5至10人”这一信息,“there may not be enough things to choose from”则是“Less people than that”所产生的后果,与“it becomes uncontrollable”形成对比。
3.G　主旨句。设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致,即应是祈使句。G选项中的everyone与设空处后句的主语They相对应。此外,设空处后句的also表明前后是并列关系,说明此空有与prepare相关的动作,这一点与选项G中的“bring clean clothes in good condition”相符。
4.F　细节句。设空处前句表示将不同类型的衣服放置在房间的不同表面上,此处表示让前来交换衣服的朋友们将自己带来的衣服放置在正确的位置。前句中的“Put...on different surfaces”对应了F选项中的“put...in the right spots”,surfaces和spots都是位置,前后句之间衔接十分紧密,顺承关系明显。
5.D　细节句。由空后的And可知,前后应该是并列关系,再结合后句的句意“不要忘记准备好一些曲奇饼和水果”以及“Remember, it's a party!”可知,此处是与party相关的内容,选项D“让音乐一直播放着”符合语境。
【高考词汇站】　1.selection　2.obviously 3.uncontrollable　4.reusable　5.取得
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