2025北师大版高中英语必修第三册强化练习题--UNIT 8　Part 1　TOPIC TALK（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025北师大版高中英语必修第三册
UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING
Part 1　TOPIC TALK
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Our beach house is only 500 meters from the 　　　　(海洋).
2.There are several 　　　　(解决办法) to the problem, so we can think about them and choose the best one.
3.Some shark species are now in danger of e　　　　 due to serious environmental pollution.
Ⅱ.选词填空
do one's part for;increase one's awareness of;live in harmony with;end with;maintain the balance between...and...
1.As a member of the city, I want to 　　　　　　 the construction of the city.
2.Our English evening began with a dance and　　　　　　 a song.
3.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to　　　　　　 nature.
4.These children always eat junk food and dislike eating fruit and vegetables, so it is important to　　　　　　 a healthy diet.
5.For the protection of the ecological environment, it is necessary to adopt clean mining(采矿) technology so as to 　　　　　　energy production 　　　　　　 ecology.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a 　　　　　(balance) diet.
2.Rapid 　　　　　(industry) growth makes new demands on science and technology.
3.(2023上海1月)The first hugely beneficial step is 　　　　　(assign) the tasks to different students.
4.Environmental pollution has become a 　　　　　(globe) issue and we must take it seriously.
5.It's well-known that wind power can be used to produce 　　　　　(electric).
6.This city 　　　　　(recycle) domestic waste since five years ago.
7.The story was so 　　　　　 that nearly everybody was 　　　　　 to tears.(move)
8.He speaks English perfectly as if he 　　　　　(be) a native speaker.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.(2024河南青桐鸣大联考)提高徒步速度的最佳方法之一是在不徒步时进行训练。(way)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 is to train when you're not hiking.
2.他在车站等着,好像等了一个世纪一样。
He waited at the station as if 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. (读后续写—动作描写)
3.就在我要放弃希望的时候,一个开着一辆旧车的男人来帮助我。(一句多译)
①As I was about to give up hope, a man 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 came to help me.(定语从句)
②As I was about to give up hope, a man 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 came to help me.(分词作定语)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2022北京海淀区期中)
Italy adopted a new law to cut down on food waste—the second such law in Europe, joining France's. So what's the United States doing with the 30 percent of its food that is simply thrown away Italy's Senate gave final approval(批准) to encourage businesses, shops and restaurants to donate their unused food to charities. That's a practice that historically hasn't been a part of Italian culture. Italy discards more than 17 percent of its food every year.
Calling Italy's level of food waste unacceptable, Minister of Agriculture Maurizio Martina told the newspaper La Repubblica, “With this law, we get closer and closer to the aim of saving a million tons of food and giving it to those who need it.” The Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture says that more than 30 percent of the U.S. food supply is wasted—133 billion pounds of it every year, equal to $161 billion. “In a world full of hunger and changeable food prices, these statistics(统计数字) are more than just appalling,” according to the North American Office of the UN Environment Programme. “More surprisingly, most of the wasted food is completely healthy food that could have helped feed poor families,” the Department of Agriculture says.
Several efforts are under way in some departments. The Department of Agriculture and the Environmental Protection Agency, for example, set a goal of cutting what they called “food loss” by half by 2030 last year. The idea is to improve product development, storage, marketing and cooking methods and recycle waste food to feed animals.
Meanwhile, legislation(法规) in both houses of Congress aims at reducing food waste and pays more attention to educating buyers on what different labels(标签) really mean so that they don't throw away perfectly good food. Research by the Food Law and Policy Clinic of Harvard Law School found that 45 percent of all food waste happens in the home, for buyers' confusion over the importance of date labels—which aren't based on any science and aren't controlled by the government.
1.What does Maurizio Martina think of Italy's issue of food waste
A.It has become very serious.
B.It is not as serious as America's.
C.It has been successfully controlled in recent years.
D.It is the most serious among all European countries.
2.What does the underlined word “appalling” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A.Interesting.　　B.Exciting.　　C.Encouraging.　　D.Shocking.
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.Most food waste happens in restaurants.
B.Some buyers don't get into the habit of saving food.
C.It is the government's duty to control food waste.
D.Some buyers don't realize the importance of the date labels.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024安徽省桐城中学月考)
More and more people are making eco-choices on the road. Follow these tips to get off to the greenest possible start.
Pack light
Lighter luggage is the first step to reduce your travel footprint. Pack quick-drying, washable items that you can mix and match. 　1　. This multipurpose item will come in handy throughout your travels.
Go your own way
Some destinations are too popular for their own good, but there are so many beautiful places to visit beyond these overcrowded hotspots. Get off the beaten track. 　2　. Visit a different national park, or explore smaller towns in the countryside.
Slow down
You may as well stay a little longer and really get to know a place. Start up a conversation and find out where the locals like to eat and drink. Get around using public transport, book a homestay, and spend some days without a plan. 　3　.
Show kindness
Visiting another country is a chance to build bridges between cultures and learn about different points of view. 　4　, and be kind to those who help you on your travels. A tip or thank you and a smile can brighten the day of the people that help you carry your bags, check you in, or serve your meals.
　5　
Social media can take a beautiful destination from fantastic to horrible in no time when shared images and videos draw crowds from all around the world. National parks and other ecosystems have suffered a lot from a flood of travelers. Avoid sharing the location on social media.
A.Green travel
B.Share with care
C.Go gently and respectfully
D.Choose a lesser-known city
E.Don't forget to take a large scarf
F.Look after the people and wildlife you meet along the way
G.The unexpected people and places are what make slow travel so special
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2022甘肃张掖二中开学考试)
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 　1　. He learned the value and beauty of 　2　 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 　3　 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 　4　 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 　5　, the number of snakes had declined as well.He 　6　 that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them from the 　7　. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 　8　 during the daytime. He turned to the 　9　 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 　10　 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
　11　 young plants in the dry season was 　12　 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 　13　 of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 　14　 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below.
Molai 　15　 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
1.A.dream　　B.job　　C.home　　D.choice
2.A.nature　　　B.youth
C.culture　　　D.knowledge
3.A.precious　　　B.interesting
C.disturbing　　　D.awkward
4.A.waste　　　B.tension
C.pain　　　D.damage
5.A.Besides　　　B.However
C.Therefore　　　D.Otherwise
6.A.agreed　　　B.realized
C.remembered　　　D.predicted
7.A.noise　　B.heat　　C.disease　　D.dust
8.A.directions　　　B.partners
C.help　　　D.shelter
9.A.labor　　　B.police
C.forest　　　D.finance
10.A.rebuilt　　　B.discovered
C.left　　　D.managed
11.A.Decorating　　　B.Observing
C.Watering　　　D.Guarding
12.A.tough　　　B.illegal
C.fantastic　　　D.beneficial
13.A.back　　　B.top
C.foot　　　D.side
14.A.cool down　　　B.keep off
C.purify　　　D.collect
15.A.returned　　　B.learned
C.failed　　　D.continued
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING
Part 1　TOPIC TALK
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.ocean　2.solutions　3.extinction
Ⅱ.1.do my part for　2.ended with　3.live in harmony with　4.increase their awareness of　5.maintain the balance between;and
Ⅲ.1.balanced　考查形容词。句意:他少喝咖啡,少抽烟,饮食均衡。a balanced diet 均衡的饮食。
2.industrial　考查形容词。句意:工业的快速发展对科学技术提出了新的要求。设空处修饰名词growth,应用形容词industrial,意为“工业的”。
3.to assign　考查不定式。句意:极为有益的第一步是把任务分配给不同的同学。设空处作表语,表示主语的具体内容,故用不定式。
4.global　考查形容词。句意:环境污染已经成为全球性问题,我们必须认真对待它。设空处修饰名词issue,应用形容词global,意为“全球的”。
5.electricity　考查名词。句意:众所周知,风力可以被用来发电。设空处作produce的宾语,应用名词electricity,意为“电”。
6.has recycled　考查动词的时态。句意:这个城市从五年前开始回收生活垃圾。设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语since five years ago可知应用现在完成时,故填has recycled。
7.moving;moved　考查现在分词和过去分词。句意:这个故事如此感人,几乎每个人都感动得流下了眼泪。两个空都是作表语,第一个空修饰story,指物,应用-ing形式的形容词,表示“感人的”,故填moving;第二个空修饰everybody,指人,应用-ed形式的形容词,表示“感动的”,故填moved。
8.were　考查虚拟语气。句意:他的英语说得很好,就好像他是以英语为母语的人一样。as if引导的从句表示与现在事实相反的假设,应用虚拟语气,be动词常用were。
Ⅳ.1.One of the best ways to hike faster　2.he had waited for a century　3.①who drove an old car　②driving an old car
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了控制食物浪费的相关内容。
1.A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Calling Italy's level of food waste unacceptable, Minister of Agriculture Maurizio Martina told the newspaper La Repubblica,‘With this law, we get closer and closer to the aim of saving a million tons of food and giving it to those who need it.'(农业部长Maurizio Martina认为意大利的食物浪费程度令人无法接受,他对《共和报》说:‘有了这项法律,我们离节约100万吨食物并将其提供给有需要的人的目标越来越近。’)”可知,Maurizio Martina认为意大利的食物浪费问题很严重。故选A项。
2.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前面提及的数据以及下文“‘More surprisingly, most of the wasted food is completely healthy food that could have helped feed poor families,’ the Department of Agriculture says.(农业部说:‘更令人惊讶的是,大部分被浪费的食物都是完全健康的食物,这些食物本可以帮助养活贫困家庭。’)”可推断,此处的“appalling”应是“令人震惊的”的意思。故选D项。A项“有趣的”,B项“令人兴奋的”和C项“鼓舞人心的”均不符合题意。
3.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知哈佛大学法学院的食品法律与政策研究中心的研究发现,45%的食物浪费发生在家里,因为购买者对日期标签的重要性感到困惑——它们没有任何科学依据,也不受政府的控制。由此可推断,一些购买者没有意识到日期标签的重要性。故选D项。
易错归因
　　A项“大部分食物浪费发生在餐馆”与文意不符;B项“一些购买者没有养成节约食物的习惯”在文中没有相关信息;C项“控制食品浪费是政府的责任”的表述过于片面,故排除。
【高频词汇】　1.cut down on削减,缩小　2.throw away扔掉　3.donate v.捐赠　4.unacceptable adj.不能接受的 5.(be) equal to等于;相当于
长难句
原句　Meanwhile, legislation in both houses of Congress aims at reducing food waste and pays more attention to educating buyers on what different labels really mean so that they don't throw away perfectly good food.
分析　本句是一个主从复合句。what引导的从句作on的宾语,同时what在从句中作mean的宾语;so that引导目的状语从句。
译文　与此同时,国会两院的法规力求减少食物浪费,并更加关注对购买者进行关于不同的标签所体现的真正意思的教育,这样他们就不会扔掉很好的食物了。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了一些有关环保旅行的建议。
1.E　下文提到“This multipurpose item(这个多功能物品)”,由此可知空处应说明这个多功能物品是什么。E项“别忘了带一条大围巾”说明大围巾就是下文提到的多功能物品,符合语境。故选E项。
2.D　本段建议走自己的路。上文提到有些目的地太受欢迎了,但除了这些拥挤的热门景点之外,还有很多美丽的地方值得参观,要远离闹市。下文针对旅行目的地提出建议。由此可知空处应与下文一致,也提出建议。D项“选择一个不太知名的城市”符合本段主旨,与下文衔接紧密。故选D项。
3.G　本段建议慢下来。上文提到了解一个地方的方法——与当地人交谈,乘坐公共交通出行,预定一个寄宿家庭,在没有计划的情况下度过几天,G项“那些意想不到的人和地方让慢旅行变得如此特别”总结上文,说明慢旅行的意义。故选G项。
4.F　本段建议展示出善良。下文提到善待那些在旅途中帮助你的人,这是在介绍展示出善良的具体表现,F项“照顾沿途遇到的人和野生动物”与下文一致,符合主旨。故选F项。
5.B　设空处是本段的主旨句。下文提到在社交媒体上分享图片和视频的可怕后果,要避免在社交媒体上分享位置。由此可知,本段在说分享要谨慎。B项“小心分享”能概括本段内容,符合语境。故选B项。
【高频词汇】　1.tip n.建议;小费　2.reduce v.减少,缩小
3.mix and match混合重组;混合搭配　4.slow down放慢速度　5.conversation n.交谈,谈话　6.suffer v.遭受,蒙受
【熟词生义】　flood n.大批,大量(的人或事物)
【差距词汇】　off the beaten track远离闹市,偏远
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。一场水灾使一片鸟语花香的湿地变得荒芜,莫莱用了37年的时间植树造林,使这里重新成为动植物的家园。
1.C　考查名词。莫莱在印度的一个小村庄长大,这个村庄坐落在一些湿地附近,那里成为他的第二个家园(home)。 A:梦,梦想;B:工作;D:选择。
2.A　考查名词。句意:他很小就认识到了那里大自然(nature)的价值和美丽。B:青春;C:文化;D:知识。
3.C　考查形容词。句意:当他16岁的时候,莫莱开始注意到他家的周围发生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。由下文可知,洪水破坏了此地的自然环境,使动物无法在湿地上生存,所以令人不安。A:宝贵的;B:有趣的;D:令人尴尬的,笨拙的。
4.D　考查名词。句意:那年早些时候,一场洪水袭击了该地区,造成的破坏(damage)使许多鸟类被迫离开。A:废物;B:紧张;C:痛苦。
5.A　考查副词。句意:此外(Besides),蛇的数量也下降了。B:然而;C:所以;D:否则。
6.B　考查动词。句意:他意识到(realized)这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温的伤害。A:同意;C:记得,记住;D:预料。
7.B　考查名词。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温(heat)的伤害。由上文可知洪水破坏了湿地的植被,毁坏了湿地的自然环境,使动物在白天无处藏身,躲避高温。A:噪声;C:疾病;D:灰尘。
8.D　考查名词。句意:当然,解决办法是种树,以便这些动物可以在白天寻求庇护(shelter)。A:方向;B:伙伴,搭档;C:帮助。
9.C　考查名词。句意:他向林业(forest)部门寻求帮助,但被告知那里什么都生长不了。A:劳动;B:警察;D:金融。
10.B　考查动词。句意:然而,莫莱独自去看了看,发现(discovered)了附近的一个岛屿,在那里他开始种树。 A:重建;C:离开;D:负责,管理。
11.C　考查非谓语动词。句意:在旱季浇灌(Watering)幼小的植物对一个孤单的男孩来说是艰难的。A:装饰,点缀;B:观察,遵守;D:保卫,守卫。
12.A　考查形容词。句意:在旱季浇灌幼小的植物对一个孤单的男孩来说是艰难的(tough)。B:违法的;C:极好的,怪诞的;D:有益的。
13.B　考查名词。句意:莫莱在每棵幼树的顶部(top)建造了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集雨水。A:背面,后面;C:底部;D:侧面。
14.D　考查动词及动词短语。句意:莫莱在每棵幼树的顶部建造了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集(collect)雨水。A:变凉;B:使……不接近;C:使纯净,净化。
15.D　考查动词。莫莱在接下来的37年里继续(continued)植树,他的努力已经使得1,360英亩自然生长的土地成为许多植物和动物的家园。A:回来;B:学习;C:衰退,失败。
【高频词汇】　1.value n.价值　2.flood n.洪水 3.decline v.下降　4.turn to向……求助　5.platform n.平台　6.result in引起,导致
长难句
原句　Molai built at the top of each sapling a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater.
分析　这是一个主从复合句。where引导定语从句,修饰先行词platform,where在定语从句中作地点状语;介词短语“with small holes”作定语,修饰名词pots;不定式“to collect rainwater”作目的状语。
译文　莫莱在每棵幼树的顶部建造了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集雨水。
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