2025人教版高中英语必修第三册强化练习题--UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION五年高考练（含答案与解析）
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2025人教版高中英语必修第三册
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
五年高考练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物)from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem It's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution(解决方案). “We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.
“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal ’ Basically, it's ‘I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it's not a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach.” And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
1.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A.They are hard to get rid of. B.They lead to air pollution.
C.They appear in different forms. D.They damage the instruments.
2.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B.To sharpen students' communication skills.
C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D.To link space technology with school education.
3.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A.Check their product. B.Guide project designs.
C.Adjust work schedules. D.Grade their homework.
4.What is the best title for the text
A.NASA:The Home of Astronauts B.Space:The Final Homework Frontier
C.Nature:An Outdoor Classroom D.HUNCH:A College Admission Reform
高考词汇站
派生/合成词汇
1.annoy v.使恼怒→ adj.烦人的;令人恼火的
2.controllable adj.可控制的→uncontrollable adj.无法控制的→ adv.控制不住地
3.basic adj.基本的→ adv.基本上;从根本上说
4.admit v.接收(入学)→ n.录取
5.work v.工作→ adj.切实可行的
6.in-person adj.
熟词生义
7.grade n.
8.review n.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020全国Ⅰ)
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 1 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 6 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 (construct).” Data about the moon's composition, such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10 (it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
高考词汇站
派生词汇
1.manned adj.载人的→ adj.无(需)人操作的
2.communicate v.沟通→ n.通信;交流
3.compose v.组成;构成→ n.成分
熟词生义
4.land v.
5.instrument n.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
五年高考练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。美国国家航空与航天局创办了一个名为HUNCH的项目,一群高中生在项目中研究如何杀死国际空间站的细菌。
1.A 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词“bacteria in the International Space Station”可定位至第一段。根据第一段中的“Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts...astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.”可知,国际空间站的细菌非常难处理。故选A。
2.D 细节理解题。第二段第一句“HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.(HUNCH的设计目的是将高中课堂与美国国家航空与航天局的工程师联系在一起。)”中的“high school classrooms”与D项中的“school education(学校教育)”对应,“NASA engineers”与D项中的“space technology(空间技术)”对应。故选D。
3.A 推理判断题。根据题干中的“NASA engineers do”可定位至第三段的“Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it s not a very nice thing at times. It s a hard business review of your product.”,句中出现了两次review,证明美国国家航空与航天局的工程师做的事情就是对学生做出的研究结果进行检查。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍HUNCH项目,这个项目是有关太空研究的,而且研究者都是高中生。根据以上要点可知,最佳标题是B项(Space:The Final Homework Frontier),Space对应太空研究,Homework对应高中教育,Frontier(前沿)突出了这个项目的领先性。故选B。
【高考词汇站】 1.annoying 2.uncontrollably
3.basically 4.admission 5.workable 6.亲自的
7.成绩等级 8.评审,检查
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国发射的嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆的重大事件。
1.touched 考查动词的时态。设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时,故填touched。
2.extremely 考查副词。设空处修饰其后的形容词challenging,应使用副词,故填extremely。
3.where 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面是名词spot,推测设空处引导定语从句,将spot代入定语从句后为:it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth in the spot,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
4.interest 考查名词。“be of+抽象名词”=“be+相应的形容词”。故填interest。
5.than 考查介词。根据设空处前面的more可知填介词than。
6.to find 考查动词不定式。句意:中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器来发现和研究南极-艾特肯盆地的区域。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
7.means 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,由上下文语境可知此处应用一般现在时,主语是it,故填means。
8.is constructed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处指月球是如何构成的,设空处在句中作谓语,the moon与construct之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。
9.much 考查限定词。ice是不可数名词,应使用much。
10.its 考查代词。设空处作其后名词plans的定语,应使用形容词性物主代词its。
【高考词汇站】 1.unmanned 2.communication
3.composition 4.使着陆 5.器械;仪器
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2025人教版高中英语必修第三册
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
五年高考练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物)from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem It's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution(解决方案). “We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.
“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal ’ Basically, it's ‘I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it's not a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach.” And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
1.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A.They are hard to get rid of. B.They lead to air pollution.
C.They appear in different forms. D.They damage the instruments.
2.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B.To sharpen students' communication skills.
C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D.To link space technology with school education.
3.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A.Check their product. B.Guide project designs.
C.Adjust work schedules. D.Grade their homework.
4.What is the best title for the text
A.NASA:The Home of Astronauts B.Space:The Final Homework Frontier
C.Nature:An Outdoor Classroom D.HUNCH:A College Admission Reform
高考词汇站
派生/合成词汇
1.annoy v.使恼怒→ adj.烦人的;令人恼火的
2.controllable adj.可控制的→uncontrollable adj.无法控制的→ adv.控制不住地
3.basic adj.基本的→ adv.基本上;从根本上说
4.admit v.接收(入学)→ n.录取
5.work v.工作→ adj.切实可行的
6.in-person adj.
熟词生义
7.grade n.
8.review n.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020全国Ⅰ)
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 1 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 6 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 (construct).” Data about the moon's composition, such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10 (it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
高考词汇站
派生词汇
1.manned adj.载人的→ adj.无(需)人操作的
2.communicate v.沟通→ n.通信;交流
3.compose v.组成;构成→ n.成分
熟词生义
4.land v.
5.instrument n.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
五年高考练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。美国国家航空与航天局创办了一个名为HUNCH的项目,一群高中生在项目中研究如何杀死国际空间站的细菌。
1.A 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词“bacteria in the International Space Station”可定位至第一段。根据第一段中的“Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts...astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.”可知,国际空间站的细菌非常难处理。故选A。
2.D 细节理解题。第二段第一句“HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.(HUNCH的设计目的是将高中课堂与美国国家航空与航天局的工程师联系在一起。)”中的“high school classrooms”与D项中的“school education(学校教育)”对应,“NASA engineers”与D项中的“space technology(空间技术)”对应。故选D。
3.A 推理判断题。根据题干中的“NASA engineers do”可定位至第三段的“Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it s not a very nice thing at times. It s a hard business review of your product.”,句中出现了两次review,证明美国国家航空与航天局的工程师做的事情就是对学生做出的研究结果进行检查。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍HUNCH项目,这个项目是有关太空研究的,而且研究者都是高中生。根据以上要点可知,最佳标题是B项(Space:The Final Homework Frontier),Space对应太空研究,Homework对应高中教育,Frontier(前沿)突出了这个项目的领先性。故选B。
【高考词汇站】 1.annoying 2.uncontrollably
3.basically 4.admission 5.workable 6.亲自的
7.成绩等级 8.评审,检查
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国发射的嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆的重大事件。
1.touched 考查动词的时态。设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时,故填touched。
2.extremely 考查副词。设空处修饰其后的形容词challenging,应使用副词,故填extremely。
3.where 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面是名词spot,推测设空处引导定语从句,将spot代入定语从句后为:it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth in the spot,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
4.interest 考查名词。“be of+抽象名词”=“be+相应的形容词”。故填interest。
5.than 考查介词。根据设空处前面的more可知填介词than。
6.to find 考查动词不定式。句意:中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器来发现和研究南极-艾特肯盆地的区域。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
7.means 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,由上下文语境可知此处应用一般现在时,主语是it,故填means。
8.is constructed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处指月球是如何构成的,设空处在句中作谓语,the moon与construct之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。
9.much 考查限定词。ice是不可数名词,应使用much。
10.its 考查代词。设空处作其后名词plans的定语,应使用形容词性物主代词its。
【高考词汇站】 1.unmanned 2.communication
3.composition 4.使着陆 5.器械;仪器
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)