中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025人教版高中英语必修第三册
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Smiling and laughing has actually been shown to relieve (紧张) and stress.
2.With this new source of (收入), the boy's family was able to improve the situation.
3.(2022新高考Ⅰ)Some of our (回忆) are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little.
4.He is very interested in physics. T , he wants to major in it.
5.(2024四川成都外国语学校期中)Like his father, the basketball star Dell Curry, Stephen spent many childhood hours playing on this muddy basketball c .
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Students should master some learning skills and study (flexible).
2.It's typical of my mother to respond others' requests first in spite of how busy she is.
3.I didn't think our meeting in this ceremony was (accident)─he must have known I would be there.
4.(2024山东德州期中)Many people, who are tired of the fast and competitive urban life, have a (tend) to long for the old way of rural life.
5.In order to prevent the injured boy from losing more blood,the doctor decided to operate him immediately.
6.Customers can complain the company the quality of the service.
7.This phenomenon is neither good bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.
8.On the top of Mount Tai, we gathered together and excitedly observed the sun (rise) from the sea of clouds.
Ⅲ.选词填空
a great deal of; trip over; in despair; moral dilemma; carry sb. through; in tears
On my way home, I saw that an old man 1. a large stone in the middle of the street. I was in a 2. , hesitating whether to help him or not. The old man couldn't move and I could see he was 3. and that he wanted someone to help him. Finally, I walked up to him and helped him to his feet. Afterwards, the old man wanted to give me 4. money and said 5. , “Thank you for 6. the difficult situation.” But I didn't take his money because helping others is our traditional virtue.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.消息传来,他在比赛中获得了一等奖,这使我们既高兴又激动。(现在分词作状语)
Word came that he had won first prize in the competition, .
2.一看到一只可怕的熊在咬我们的铁丝网,我就屏住呼吸,一动不敢动。
The moment I our wire fence, I held my breath, not daring to make a movement.(读后续写—动作描写)
3.不要经常熬夜,否则那会对你的健康有害。(一句多译)
①Don't stay up late frequently, otherwise it will .(harmful)
②Don't stay up late frequently, otherwise it will .(harm n.)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Once upon a time, there was a king wanting to educate his people not to complain or expect others 1 (solve) their problems. A good idea occurred to him. Early one morning, he 2 (disguise) himself and went to a local village. He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone. Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched. A milkman crashed into the stone, 3 (spill) the milk everywhere. And he picked 4 (he) up and went away angrily. After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head. One woman tripped over the stone. At last she limped away in 5 (tear). But none of the women thought about moving the stone away from the road. Finding nobody making 6 attempt to move it, the king felt 7 (annoy). Just then, a girl came along and pushed the stone with all her might. After a great deal of effort, she 8 (eventual) succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. To her surprise, she saw the gold coins 9 the stone had been. The king told the girl that the gold belonged 10 her.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024四川眉山期末)
A video of a five-year-old boy in China 1 insisted on growing his hair for three years so he could sell it and donate the money to assist children with cancer has moved 2 great number of people.
The boy, nicknamed Guangnian, from Henan Province, 3 (stop) cutting his hair three years ago because he hoped to wait for it to grow long enough to sell and make money.
In the video, Guangnian smiles 4 (happy) and runs his fingers through his long hair as he tells his story to the camera.
“I have long hair, but I'm a boy. I want to try my best 5 (help) the needy,” he said.
He remembered that a few classmates mistook 6 (he) for a girl on the first day of school because 7 his long hair.
“This made me feel a bit sad, but I'm not going to complain or change my mind easily. I will keep 8 (go),” he said.
His mother explained that he made the 9 (decide) when he saw a TV programme in which a little girl with cancer wished to have more hair.
The boy's story has touched the hearts of many Internet 10 (user) in China.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2023宁夏银川一中期中)
There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble in the World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance(宽容) between people. The UN understands this too—that's why it made Nov. 16th “International Day for Tolerance”.
But first of all, what is tolerance According to the French philosopher Voltaire, tolerance is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty(脆弱) and error; therefore, let us pardon each other's folly—that is the first law of nature.
Very often, the majority of people don't realize that they're intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.
It's worth thinking a little about the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”. Are they the best words to describe the evils of what we're speaking here To agree to be “tolerant” of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.
Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. That's the reason why we should be tolerant. It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.
1.What's the purpose of the UN's setting up “International Day for Tolerance”
A.To celebrate the founding of the UN. B.To arouse people's awareness of tolerance.
C.To solve the problem of global warming. D.To change people's opinion on globalization.
2.Why do men behave intolerantly towards women
A.Because men are not willing to understand women.
B.Because men are physically stronger than women.
C.Because men don't appreciate the shoes of women.
D.Because men don't realize the purpose of the UN.
3.Why is it meaningless to use the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”
A.Because they are hard to pronounce in English.
B.Because they can't be used in a respectful way.
C.Because they can't be translated into other languages.
D.Because they don't express the exact meaning people refer to.
4.In what sense is “tolerance” similar to “generosity”
A.Humans are advised to treat others better. B.Humans learn to find fault with others.
C.Humans need to give something to others. D.Humans will change their attitudes to others.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024湖南永州期末统考)
Honesty has always been a traditional virtue in China. Despite the passage of time, honesty has been passed down as mainstream values. 1
A famous Chinese idiom(成语), yinuo qianjin, tells such a story. In the early Western Han Dynasty, a general named Ji Bu was known for being courageous and honest. Legend has it that whenever Ji made a promise, he would spare no effort to fulfill it. 2 There was a saying widely spread: It is better to have a promise from Ji Bu than to get hundreds of ounces of gold.
3 During the Qing Dynasty, Li Daquan, a successful businessman in Shanxi Province, was visited by a friend who came up with a new idea. In ancient China, carrying a large quantity of cash was not only a heavy burden but could also put the owner in danger. His friend proposed that a draft(汇票) be issued to replace the real cash. This draft was not only a promise to pay, but also a claim that an amount of coin equaled the specified amount and the draft could be cashed everywhere. Li readily agreed and kept his word. The story soon got around, and Li's honesty brought him a flood of customers and a booming business. 4 It is called the predecessor(前身) of the Chinese banking industry. His banking business eventually expanded into 35 branches across the country. Rishengchang has been preserved and turned into a museum now.
In today's China, the spirit of honesty is still well-respected. 5 Their stories are broadcast across the country to set good examples and promote the virtue of honesty.
A.China selects national role models every year.
B.China is a country that values and rewards honesty.
C.Everyone should follow suit and be an honest person.
D.Honesty is priceless and honesty also brings creativity.
E.Such a virtue of honesty earned him a good reputation.
F.It is also shown in countless tales throughout China's history.
G.Li Daquan later set up China's first draft bank, Rishengchang.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅴ.读后续写
(2024河北衡水中学开学考试)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My heart sank when I received the news—no salary again. How would I manage the increasing bills, the groceries and my children's needs The future seemed hopeless. With a heavy heart, I hurried to pick up my two children, my mind racing wildly.
That's when I saw it—a wallet, lying on the sidewalk. It was as if fate had thrown me a lifeline(救生索). Hope came to me as I approached it. The wallet was large, and when I opened it, my eyes widened in disbelief at the sight of a great deal of cash inside it. I hesitated for a moment, torn between the immediate relief that this money promised and the morality(道德) of keeping it.
Curiosity led me to search through the wallet. The things it contained were a photo and a couple of business cards. No matter how much I wanted to take the contents, my moral principles and inner voice told me not to do this. The decision became clear; I couldn't keep this money. It wasn't rightfully mine.
I picked out a business card. The name and number were there. With a deep breath, I dialed the number and explained my find to the voice on the other end. The voice came, completely emotionless, warning that they would come to me. He hung up without even saying “thank you”. I was angry at the impoliteness. I even regretted my decision, but my conscience(良知) did not allow me to go back on my choice. I had told the voice where I lived and went to get my children.
Shortly after we arrived home, a large black car suddenly pulled up to our house. The driver got out and knocked on the door. When I opened it, the driver told me that the owner of the wallet wanted me to personally hand over his wallet.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
I didn't want to do so, but I agreed to go with the driver at last.
He wanted to reward me for my honesty and kind act.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.tension 2.income 3.memories 4.Therefore
5.court
Ⅱ.1.flexibly 考查副词。句意:学生们应该掌握一些学习技巧并灵活地学习。设空处修饰谓语动词study,应用副词。故填flexibly。
类比启发
以-le结尾的形容词变副词一般去掉e加y,如:gentle→gently;true→truly;visible→visibly;comfortable→comfortably;possible→possibly;simple→simply。
2.to 考查介词。句意:不管我的母亲有多忙,她总是先回应别人的要求。respond to意为“回答;回应”。故填to。
3.accidental 考查形容词。句意:我认为我们在这个典礼上的相遇不是偶然的——他肯定知道我要去那里。设空处作表语,表示“偶然的”。故填accidental。
4.tendency 考查名词。句意:许多人厌倦了快节奏和竞争激烈的城市生活,有渴望从前农村的生活方式的趋势。根据空前的冠词a可知此处应用名词;have a tendency to do sth.意为“有做某事的趋势”。故填tendency。
5.on 考查介词。句意:为了阻止这个受伤的男孩失血更多,这位医生决定立刻给他做手术。operate on sb.意为“给某人做手术”。故填on。
6.to;about/of 考查介词。句意:顾客可以就服务质量向公司投诉。complain to sb. about/of sth.意为“就某事向某人抱怨/投诉”。故第一空填to,第二空填about或of。
7.nor 考查固定结构。句意:这种现象既不好也不坏;这是当今和过去大学生活中的一个事实。neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”,常连接两个并列的成分。故填nor。
8.rising 考查现在分词。句意:在泰山之巅,我们聚在一起,兴奋地观看太阳从云海之中升起。此处是“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语the sun和提示词rise之间为主动关系,应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填rising。
Ⅲ.1.tripped over 2.moral dilemma 3.in despair
4.a great deal of 5.in tears 6.carrying me through
Ⅳ.1.making us delighted/happy and excited 2.saw a
frightening/scary bear biting 3.①be harmful to your health ②do harm to your health
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.to solve 考查动词不定式。expect sb. to do sth.意为“期待某人做某事”。故填to solve。
2.disguised 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语Early one morning和and后面的went可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填disguised。
3.spilling 考查现在分词。句中没有连词,逗号前的部分已有谓语crashed,所以设空处用非谓语动词作状语;A milkman和提示词spill在逻辑上是主动关系,应用现在分词作结果状语。故填spilling。
4.himself 考查反身代词。主语是he,设空处作宾语且所给提示词也是he,故本句主语和宾语指的是同一个人,所以此处应用反身代词。故填himself。pick oneself up意为“(跌倒后)站起来”。
5.tears 考查名词复数。in tears意为“流着泪”,是固定搭配。故填tears。
6.an 考查冠词。make an attempt to do sth.意为“试图做某事”,是固定用法。故填an。
7.annoyed 考查形容词。根据设空处前面的the king felt可知,设空处作表语且表示人的感受,应用-ed形式的形容词。故填annoyed。
8.eventually 考查副词。设空处在句中作状语,应用副词。故填eventually。
9.where 考查地点状语从句。根据语境可推断,此处表示地点,应用where引导地点状语从句。
10.to 考查介词。belong to为固定搭配,意为“属于”。故填to。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国一名五岁男孩坚持留三年头发,这样他就可以卖掉头发,然后捐赠这笔钱以帮助患有癌症的儿童,男孩这一举动感动了许多人。
1.who/that 考查定语从句。句意:中国一名五岁男孩坚持留三年头发,这样他就可以卖掉头发,然后捐赠这笔钱以帮助患有癌症的儿童,这段视频感动了很多人。设空处引导定语从句,修饰指人的先行词boy,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who或that引导定语从句。
2.a 考查冠词。句意同上题。a great number of意为“许多”,故本空应用不定冠词a。
3.stopped 考查时态。句意:这个男孩的绰号叫光年,来自河南省,三年前他不再剪头发,因为他希望等头发长得足够长,然后卖掉赚钱。分析句子可知,设空处为主句的谓语,根据时间状语three years ago可知应用一般过去时。故填stopped。
4.happily 考查副词。句意:在视频中,光年对着摄影机讲述自己的故事,他开心地笑着,用手指摩挲着自己的长发。设空处修饰动词smiles,应用副词。故填happily。
5.to help 考查动词不定式。此处表示“我想尽我的最大努力帮助穷困的人”。try one's best to do sth.意为“尽某人的最大努力做某事”。故填to help。
6.him 考查代词。句意:他记得第一天上学时,因为他的长发,有几个同学把他错当成女生了。设空处作动词mistook的宾语,应用人称代词宾格。故填him。
7.of 考查介词。句意同上题。because of意为“因为”。故填of。
8.going 考查动词-ing形式。此处表示“我将继续下去”。keep going表示“继续下去,坚持下去”。故填going。
9.decision 考查名词。句意:他的母亲解释说,当他看到一个电视节目时,他做出了这个决定,节目中一个患有癌症的小女孩希望有更多的头发。设空处作动词made的宾语,且空前有定冠词the,应用名词。故填decision。
10.users 考查名词复数。句意:这个男孩的故事触动了许多中国网民的心。user为可数名词,被many修饰应用复数。故填users。
【高频词汇】 1.insist on doing sth.坚持做某事 2.needy adj.贫困的 the needy穷困的人 3.mistake...for...把……错当成…… 4.change one's mind改变主意
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了联合国设立“国际宽容日”的目的、宽容的定义以及宽容和原谅的关系。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too—that's why it made Nov. 16th ‘International Day for Tolerance’.”可知,人与人之间缺乏宽容,所以联合国把11月16日设立为“国际宽容日”,这是为了唤起人们的宽容意识。故选B。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.”可知,男性对女性不宽容是因为他们没有设身处地为女性着想,不愿意理解她们。故选A。
易错归因
本题容易只根据“the shoes of women”而错选C项,我们不能只根据有相同的词汇就进行选择,要理解整句话的意思。
3.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“To agree to be ‘tolerant’ of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.”可知,同意对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情,某人如果被宽容,就暗示着某人有问题,因此推断使用“宽容”和“不宽容”是没有意义的,因为它们不能表达人们所指的确切含义。故选D。
4.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句“It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.”可知,我们可以给别人东西(慷慨就是给别人东西),我们也可以给予我们的原谅(给予原谅就是宽容),所以从这层意义上来说,宽容和慷慨是相似的。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.first of all首先 2.consequence n.结果;后果 3.ignorance n.无知 4.imply v.暗示;表明 5.generosity n.慷慨;大方 6.arouse v.激起;引起7.willing adj.愿意 8.appreciate v.理解;欣赏
【熟词生义】 stand v.保持有效;维持不变
【差距词汇】 1.humanity n.人性 2.folly n.愚蠢 3.have a lot to do with与……有很大关系 4.put oneself in the shoes of sb.处于某人的境地;设身处地
长难句
原句 Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people.
分析 本句为主从复合句。understood后面的that引导宾语从句,其中又包含一个why引导的定语从句“why there are so many problems in the world”,修饰先行词the reason。
译文 Marley明白世界上有这么多问题的部分原因是人与人之间缺乏宽容。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国历史上两个有关诚信的故事。
1.F 过渡句。设空处位于首段段尾,应承接上文,并引出下文。根据上文“诚信一直是中国的传统美德。尽管时间流逝,但诚信已经作为一种主流价值观传承下来。”和下文举的中国历史上两个诚信的故事可知,F项“这也体现在中国历史上无数的故事中。”承上启下,符合语境。故选F。
2.E 细节句。上文介绍了季布将军的故事,再根据下文“有句谚语广为流传:得黄金百斤,不如得季布一诺。”可知,E项“这种诚信的美德为他赢得了良好的声誉”是前面行为的结果,符合语境。故选E。
3.D 主旨句。设空处位于段首,应是本段的主旨句。根据下文内容可知,本段主要讲述了李大全通过诚信带来的创造力成立中国第一家票号——日昇昌的故事。所以D项“诚信是无价的,诚信也带来创造力。”能概括本段内容。故选D。
4.G 过渡句。根据上文“这件事很快就传开了,李的诚信给他带来了大量的顾客和兴隆的生意。”和下文“它被称为中国银行业的前身。他的银行业务最终扩展到全国35家分行。”可知,设空处应是过渡句,由李的故事过渡到中国银行业,所以G项“李大全后来成立了中国第一家汇票银行——日昇昌。”符合语境。故选G。
5.A 细节句。根据上文“在今天的中国,诚信的精神仍然备受推崇。”和下文“他们的故事在全国播放,以树立好榜样,宣传诚信的美德。”可知,设空处应提到一些人,下文才说他们的故事,所以A项“中国每年都会评选国家楷模。”符合语境。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.pass down使世代相传;流传 2.spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事 3.fulfill v.完成;实现 4.come up with提出;想出 5.burden n.负担
6.issue v.发行 7.claim n.声称;要求 8.keep one's word遵守诺言 9.get around消息传开 10.broadcast v.播放
【熟词生义】 1.passage n.(时间)的流逝;推移
2.general n.将军;上将
【差距词汇】 1.mainstream n.& adj.主流(的)
2.courageous adj.勇敢的;无畏的 3.specify v.明确规定;具体说明 4.booming adj.飞速发展的;(声音)低沉有回响的
长难句
原句 This draft was not only a promise to pay, but also a claim that an amount of coin equaled the specified amount and the draft could be cashed everywhere.
分析 本句为主从复合句。not only...but also...连接两个并列表语;claim后的“that an amount...everywhere” 是that引导的同位语从句,解释说明claim的内容;and连接两个并列分句。
译文 这种汇票不仅是付款的承诺,也是一定数量的硬币等于明确规定的金额的声明,汇票可以在各个地方兑现。
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
时间 作者家庭有困难时 焦急 (家庭遇到 经济困难) 希望、高兴 (捡到钱包) 好奇 (对钱包内的物 品感到好奇) 诚实、善良 (决定归还钱包) 一丝后悔、良知 (失主的态度让 作者有点后悔, 但是良知让作者 坚持自己的决定) 惊讶、感激 (失主感激作者)
地点 路边;作者的家里
人物 作者,失主的司机,失主
背景 作者又没发工资,面临经济困难。
开端 作者捡到了一个钱包,钱包里有很多现金,可以帮助作者解决燃眉之急。
发展 经过内心挣扎后,作者还是给失主打了电话,准备交还钱包。
高潮 作者接了孩子回到家之后,一辆黑色的大轿车停在了作者家门前,司机说失主让作者亲自把钱包还回去。
Para. 1 我不想这么做,但我最终同意和司机一起去。
①作者与失主见面时的情形如何 ②失主有何情绪反应
Para. 2 他想因我的诚实和善良的行为奖励我。
①失主会如何奖励作者 ②作者有何反应和感悟
One possible version:
I didn't want to do so, but I agreed to go with the driver at last. After a while, the car stopped at a house, and I met the owner. He was a man with a not-gentle face. But soon, his face was lightened by a bright smile, and he revealed to me that all the money in the world could not replace the photo of his beloved daughter that he always carried in his wallet. His beloved daughter lived on the other side of the planet and they saw each other very rarely. After his story, he surprised me with an unexpected proposal.
He wanted to reward me for my honesty and kind act. I was awkward with his offer of a financial reward, but I could not refuse it. So I accepted and was even more pleased when I heard he would offer me a job to work for him under much better conditions and salary than my current job. My heart was beating with a mixture of emotions—relief and gratitude. My answer came quickly. This day will forever remain in my memories as my moral values and correct decisions helped change my life for the better.
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