2025人教版高中英语必修第三册强化练习题--UNIT 3 Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress（含答案与解析）
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2025人教版高中英语必修第三册
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.—What m is this dress made of
—I don't know. It feels like silk.
2.(2022浙江1月改编)Kim Cobb is cutting back on his air travel because of (气候) change.
3.Spring is coming. The (温和的) wind blows and it's very comfortable.
4.The students in their (整洁的) school uniforms lined up for the flag-raising ceremony.
5.There is an (一条) of news in the paper about him for donating all his scholarships to the poor.
Ⅱ.一词多义
A.(使)平静下来;安静下来 B.定居 C.结束(争论);解决(纠纷)
1.The teacher didn't begin the lesson until all the students settled themselves.
2.(2024江苏苏州高新区第一中学月考)As long as parents and children make a joint effort, they can settle the conflict and enjoy their time together.
3.After my parents retired, they finally decided to settle in the countryside. The air there is very fresh.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The tennis court which belongs to our school is under (construct).
2.A wonderful idea occurred him when he was wandering aimlessly in the street.
3.We are happy to hear that they have reached a (settle) over new working conditions.
4.(2024广西百校联考) For camping, it's also important to choose equipment (suit) for the season.
5.The boy was so honest that he admitted (break) the window of the classroom.
6.(2024浙江1月)A single sugary treat, (select) by the child, was placed on a table.
7.There are some health problems that, when not (treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.当她看到她失散多年的儿子时,她无法克制自己,泪流满面。(contain)
Seeing her long-lost son, she and her face was covered with tears.(读后续写—情绪描写)
2.据称,专家们已经前往这个村庄收集第一手资料。(claim)
experts had headed to the village to collect information .
3.(2021全国甲写作)许多中国传统民间艺术已经在世界上流行:剪纸,京剧,相声,仅举几例。
Many traditional Chinese folk arts have been popular in the world: paper-cutting, Beijing Opera, crosstalk, .
4.随着考试的临近,复习你的课堂笔记是一个好主意。(with的复合结构)
, it's a good idea to review your class notes.
5.使这所学校自豪的是超过90%的学生被重点大学录取了。(what引导名词性从句;admit)
was that more than 90% of the students .
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Being a very popular tourist draw, the Chinatown in San Francisco is the oldest as well as the 1 (big) in America. The climate is mild the whole year, meaning it is always a good time to visit. Now, the majority of residents in Chinatown 2 (be) still ethnic Chinese, many of whom do not speak English 3 (fluent), which allows visitors 4 (experience) a real taste of China. Visitors can spend hours just 5 (explore) the interesting sights, smells, and sounds of China. The stores in the Chinatown offer 6 unique range of souvenirs, goods, clothing as well as 7 (variety) of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Chinese tea stores can also be found, 8 visitors can taste and buy all kinds of Chinese tea. However, what many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown may be 9 (it) food. 10 so many traditional dishes to choose from, visitors can buy Chinese food that suits everyone's taste.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024广东清远四校期中联考)
According to Chinese custom, 2024 is the Year of “龙”, but 1 is still unclear to some people whether the English translation of “龙” is “dragon” or “loong”. Here's an answer that might help you out.
2 (influence) by Greek fairy stories, the European dragon is often the keeper of treasure, so the European dragon is often 3 symbol of greed(贪婪) and destruction. Therefore, the warriors(勇士) in European fairy stories are often dragon slayers, killing a dragon to prove their strength.
Contrary to the evil image of European dragons, Chinese loongs 4 (traditional) represent strong power, strength, and good luck. They even have jobs. In fact, 5 Chinese legends, loongs are appointed head of the four seas where they must keep order, as well as bring rain to the earth.
6 (look) through the history books, we can learn that “loong” and “dragon” were originally translated into each other in a dictionary written by the Englishman Morrison before the First Opium War. Since then, “loong” and “dragon” 7 (translate) into each other on most occasions, for example, the 8 (excite) film called Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. However, 9 “loong” and “dragon” are directly translated into each other, it may lead to cultural misunderstanding to a certain extent. After all, the 10 (image) of the Chinese loong and the Western dragon are very diverse.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
One thing that sets humans apart from other members of the animal kingdom is our tendency to develop customs and traditions. Here are some diverse customs from around the world.
An odd custom associated with the United States is its complicated tipping culture. Unlike many other countries that don't tip at all or that only tip in small amounts when the food is particularly good, tipping is actually mandatory at most restaurants in the US. In other words, customers have a duty to leave between 10 and 20 percent of the bill as a tip. Waitstaff rely on these tips earning a living because legal wages for waiters are low. Furthermore, there are rules for tipping bartenders(酒吧侍者), delivery people and other service personnel. While some criticize this practice for being unreasonable, there's no doubt that tipping culture in the US encourages waiters and waitresses to provide better service.
Some countries find the act of pointing with the index finger(食指) to be rude. While members of most cultures would probably agree that pointing with fingers, both literally and figuratively, isn't exactly the mildest thing in the world, in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia, this gesture can be seen as incredibly offensive. Instead, it is common to gesture towards things with the thumb as this is seen as a more polite option. In many countries in Africa, pointing is reserved for objects that have no life only, not people.
Most societies around the world have rules about table manners. For Western culture, noisily consuming food is considered rude. In Japan, however, making slurping(啧啧响的)sounds while eating has an entirely different meaning. This might have something to do with the fact that in Western countries, noodles are properly consumed by twirling(缠绕) them around the fork before putting them in the mouth. Meanwhile, the Japanese simply slurp their noodles without twirling them first, an act that is naturally noisier than the former. Making slurping sounds when eating noodles in Japan is a way of indicating that you're really enjoying them. Some scientists even argue that slurping invites air into the mouth and actually enhances the noodles' flavor.
1.What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Required by tradition. B.Highly spoken of.
C.Changeable over time. D.Popular among people.
2.What does the author think of tipping
A.It is totally unreasonable. B.It must follow a fixed standard.
C.It can improve the quality of service. D.It should only target waiters and waitresses.
3.Which practice is acceptable according to the text
A.Skipping tipping in the USA. B.Twirling noodles around the fork in Africa.
C.Pointing with the index finger in Indonesia. D.Making sounds while eating noodles in Japan.
4.Where is this text probably taken from
A.A research paper. B.A popular magazine.
C.A travel brochure. D.An online advertisement.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024河北张家口开学考试)
London is definitely one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 1 Although there are similarities between London and some cities of America, don't expect them to be the same. If you are an American in London seeking advice to help you adjust to the new environment, you are fortunate to read this article.
2 It's really something that may make you fall out of love with this super magical city. Depending on which American state you live in, just like other big cities, the cost of living in London is one of the highest. It is one of the top complaints of people who just moved to London from the US, mostly if they came from smaller states.
Preparing your pocket to absorb the shock you will receive is not enough. Just like when in Rome, do as the Romans do, when you go to London, behave like the Londoners. 3 Let's say you left your coat on the chair after dinner. A Londoner will say your coat is on the chair instead of telling you to pick it up. When you hear things like this, don't be surprised, but live your life like them. 4
The last one is a seemingly odd one: learn to understand English. Don't be surprised that you will not understand some of the things the Englishmen are saying. It is not because you don't understand the language. 5 The names we call some common things also differ from theirs. To escape being lost when speaking with most Londoners, prepare yourself to relearn English you already know.
A.The reason is their accents.
B.This way, you will not be left out.
C.Don't forget where you come from.
D.To start with, prepare for the high cost of living.
E.That's why we should avoid saying things in a direct manner.
F.However, for an American, living in this city comes with a price.
G.For instance, in London, people don't ask anyone to do something directly.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅴ.读后续写
(2023山东临沂期中统考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The sun was shining in Utrecht, the Netherlands, when my friend Rini and I set off for England by car. We love classic cars and were going on a tour of used car dealerships in search of an old Jaguar(捷豹车). Aged 19 and 20, we were full of the spirit of adventure.
It was so mild when we arrived in Kent that occasionally we would stop to sunbathe. We had no luck in finding a Jaguar in the southeast so we decided to head farther north. We didn't check the forecast on our way to Cumbria.
As we drove, the weather got colder and wilder. Snow was falling and wind was blowing as we reached the Yorkshire Dales. We struggled on until the storm became so heavy that we couldn't see where we were going; the car barely moved. With no chance of going anywhere, we waited for the storm to pass. It was bitterly cold. Our summer sleeping bags offered little protection, and nor did our thin jackets. The cold slowed our senses, until it was all we felt.
The next morning, the car was buried in snow. Everything was dark. Panic set in. Staying in the car would kill us. We managed to get out, trying to find a farm we'd passed, but it was hopeless. The storm changed everything. The sky and the road were indistinguishable. Rini was fading. I kept him going, with whatever worked. Finally, we stopped at a barn(谷仓). I felt ready to die. At that moment, I heard what sounded like a dog bark. Then a figure came towards us. “Are you both crazy Out for a walk in this weather ” the man shouted.
The man, Clifford Harker, told us he owned the farm we had passed. He was out with his dog, leading his sheep to safety. He told us he lived a 10-minute walk away, so we followed, battling against the storm. Ten minutes passed, and there was nothing in sight. “How much longer ” we begged. “Ten more minutes,” he replied.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
After what seemed like a lifetime, we saw lights in the distance.
We went back to visit Clifford's family on New Year's Day, loaded with presents.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your
Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.material 2.climate 3.mild 4.neat 5.item
Ⅱ.1.A 句意:直到所有的学生都安静下来,老师才开始上课。
2.C 句意:只要父母和孩子共同努力,他们就能解决冲突,享受在一起的时光。
3.B 句意:在我父母退休后,他们最终决定在乡下定居。那里的空气很新鲜。
Ⅲ.1.construction 考查名词。句意:属于我们学校的网球场正在建造中。under construction意为“在建造中”。故填construction。
2.to 考查介词。句意:他在街上漫无目的地闲逛时,突然想到了一个绝妙的主意。sth. occurred/occurs to sb.意为“(想法或主意)被某人想到/出现在某人的头脑中”。故填to。
3.settlement 考查名词。句意:我们很高兴地听说他们已经就新的工作条件达成协议。reach a settlement意为“达成协议”。故填settlement。
4.suitable/suited 考查形容词。句意:对于露营来说,选择适合季节的装备也很重要。be suitable/suited for...意为“适合……”,此处为形容词短语作后置定语。故填suitable或suited。
5.breaking 考查动词-ing形式。句意:这个男孩非常诚实,他承认打碎了教室的窗玻璃。admit doing sth.意为“承认做某事”,动词-ing形式作宾语。故填breaking。
6.selected 考查过去分词。句意:一份那个孩子选择的甜食被放在桌子上。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语was placed,故设空处应用非谓语动词;设空处作后置定语,修饰前面的sugary treat,两者之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词。故填selected。
7.treated 考查过去分词。句意:有些健康问题如果不及时治疗,以后可能就会变成更大的问题。此处为状语从句的省略,省略了主语和be动词,treat和problems之间是被动关系,完整形式为“when they are not treated in time”。故填treated。
Ⅳ.1.couldn't contain herself 2.It was claimed that;at first hand 3.to name but a few 4.With exams approaching
5.What made the school proud; were admitted to/into key universities
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.biggest 考查形容词的最高级。根据设空处前面的“the oldest as well as the”可知,此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填biggest。
2.are 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由句中的Now可知用一般现在时;此处the majority of residents作主语,表示“大多数居民”,谓语动词的数由of后的名词决定,所以用复数形式。故填are。
3.fluently 考查副词。设空处前是speak English,提示词是形容词fluent,所以用副词作状语。故填fluently。
4.to experience 考查动词不定式。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to experience。
5.exploring 考查动词-ing形式。sb. spend(s) some time (in) doing sth.意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”。故填exploring。
6.a 考查冠词。a range of...意为“一系列……”,设空处后的unique的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
7.varieties 考查名词复数。varieties of意为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
8.where 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面有逗号隔开,分析句子结构可知,Chinese tea stores为后面内容中动作发生的地点,所以推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Chinese tea stores,关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
9.its 考查形容词性物主代词。设空处位于名词food之前,作定语,应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
10.With 考查介词。此处是with的复合结构,在句中作原因状语。注意首字母大写,故填With。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“龙”在中西方文化中的不同意义。
1.it 考查代词。句意:根据中国的习俗,2024年是龙年,但一些人还不清楚“龙”的英文翻译是“dragon”还是“loong”。分析句子可知,句中but连接前后两个并列分句,but后的分句为“it is+adj.+whether引导的主语从句”句型,it作形式主语,whether从句为真正的主语。故填it。
2.Influenced 考查过去分词。句意:受希腊神话故事的影响,欧洲龙往往是宝藏的守护者,所以欧洲龙往往是贪婪和毁灭的象征。设空处为非谓语动词,the European dragon与influence之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,注意单词首字母大写。故填Influenced。
3.a 考查冠词。句意同上题。设空处修饰单数名词symbol,表示泛指,意为“贪婪和毁灭的一种象征”,且symbol的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
4.traditionally 考查副词。句意:与欧洲龙的邪恶形象相反,中国龙在传统上代表着强大的能力、力量和好运。设空处修饰谓语动词represent,应使用副词。故填traditionally。
5.in 考查介词。句意:事实上,在中国传说中,龙被任命为四海之王,在那里它们必须维持秩序,并为大地带来雨水。此处表示“在……中”,应用介词in。
6.Looking 考查现在分词。句意:翻看史书,我们可以知道,“loong”和“dragon”起初是在第一次鸦片战争前由英国人马礼逊编写的词典中相互翻译的。设空处为非谓语动词,we与look through之间为主动关系,应用现在分词作状语,注意单词首字母大写。故填Looking。
7.have been translated 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:从那以后,“loong”和“dragon”在大多数场合被翻译成彼此,例如,令人兴奋的电影《卧虎藏龙》。该句为简单句,设空处作谓语,根据时间状语Since then可知应用现在完成时;主语为“loong” and “dragon”,谓语动词应用复数形式;动词translate与主语之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。故填have been translated。
8.exciting 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词film,应使用-ing形式的形容词作定语,表示“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。
9.if 考查条件状语从句。句意:然而,如果“loong”和“dragon”直接相互翻译,这在一定程度上可能会导致文化上的误解。设空处引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”。故填if。
10.images 考查名词复数。句意:毕竟,中国龙和西方龙的形象是非常不同的。根据后面的 are可知,主语应使用复数形式。 故填images。
【高频词汇】 1.destruction n.摧毁;毁灭;破坏
2.contrary to与……相反 3.appoint v.任命;委任
4.look through浏览 5.originally adv.起初;原来
6.misunderstanding n.误解;误会 7.to a certain extend在一定程度上
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同国家的风俗习惯。
1.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下一句“In other words, customers have a duty to leave between 10 and 20 percent of the bill as a tip.”可知,在美国,饭后有义务留下一些小费。由此推断“mandatory”与A项“按照传统要求的”意思接近。故选A。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“While some criticize this practice for being unreasonable, there's no doubt that tipping culture in the US encourages waiters and waitresses to provide better service.”可推断,作者认为给小费能够提高服务质量。故选C。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Making slurping sounds when eating noodles in Japan is a way of indicating that you're really enjoying them.”可知,在日本吃面条时发出声音表明你喜欢吃面条,是可接受的。故选D。
4.B 推理判断题。第一段指出,人类与动物王国其他成员的一个区别是我们有发展风俗和传统的倾向。下文介绍了几个国家不同的风俗习惯,所以这篇文章的内容与“文化习俗”相关,由此推断这篇文章应该选自“大众杂志”。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.set...apart from...使……与……不同 2.tendency n.趋势,趋向;倾向 3.(be) associated with与……有关 4.complicated adj.复杂的 5.particularly adv.尤其;特别 6.rely on 依靠;依赖 7.delivery n.递送;传送 8.criticize v.批评;指责 9.incredibly adv.极端地;极其 10.gesture v.做手势;用动作示意 11.option n.选择 12.reserve v.用于;保留 13.enhance v.提高;增强;增进 14.flavor n.味道
【差距词汇】 1.personnel n.人员 2.literally adv.字面上地 3.figuratively adv.比喻地 4.offensive adj.无礼的;冒犯的
长难句
原句 While some criticize this practice for being unreasonable, there's no doubt that tipping culture in the US encourages waiters and waitresses to provide better service.
分析 本句为主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然;尽管”;there's no doubt that是固定句式,意为“毫无疑问……”,that引导同位语从句,解释说明doubt的内容。
译文 虽然有些人批评这种做法不合理,但毫无疑问,美国的小费文化激励服务员提供更好的服务。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了一些帮助美国人适应伦敦生活的建议。
1.F 过渡句。空前句“伦敦确实是世界上最美丽的城市之一。”说明伦敦的优点,而空后句“尽管伦敦和美国的一些城市有相似之处,但不要指望它们是一样的。”说明伦敦和美国的一些城市还是有差异的。F项“然而,对一个美国人来说,生活在这个城市是有代价的。”与上文构成转折关系,其中的“this city”指代上文中的“London”,“for an American”和下文中的“If you are an American in London”相呼应。故选F。
2.D 主旨句。根据本段最后两句“Depending on which American state you live in...mostly if they came from smaller states.”可知,伦敦的生活成本高是刚从美国搬到伦敦的人面临的一个大问题。因此,D项“首先,为高昂的生活成本做好准备。”能概括本段主旨。故选D。
3.G 过渡句。空前句提到当你去伦敦的时候,行为举止就要像伦敦人一样;下文“Let's say...pick it up.”的例子说明,伦敦人说话不直接。所以,G项“例如,在伦敦,人们不会直接要求别人做某事。”既衔接上文“入乡随俗”,又可以引出下文具体的事例证明,符合语境。故选G。
4.B 细节句。根据空前句“当你听到这样的事情时,不要惊讶,但要像他们一样生活。”可知,此处建议要像伦敦人一样生活,这与B项中的“This way”相衔接,B项“这样,你就不会被排除在外了”是“像伦敦人一样生活”的结果。故选B。
5.A 细节句。根据上文“It is not because you don't understand the language.”可知,不理解英国人说的一些事情并不是因为你不理解英语,后文应该说明真正的原因。A项“原因是他们的口音。”衔接上文,符合语境。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.similarity n.相像处;相似点 2.adjust to 适应 3.cost n.价钱;费用;花费 4.complaint n.抱怨;投诉 5.seemingly adv.貌似;似乎
【熟词生义】 absorb v.承受;承担
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
人物 作者,作者的朋友Rini,Clifford(农场主) 开心 (作者和Rini)
时间 下着暴风雪的一天
地点 在约克郡山谷,一个谷仓旁边
开端 作者和朋友Rini开车从荷兰到英格兰,想找一辆老款的捷豹车。当他们到达肯特时,天气温暖,阳光灿烂,他们心情愉悦。
情节线 情感线
发展 在他们前往坎布里亚郡时,天气越来越冷,当他们到达约克郡山谷时,一场暴风雪困住了他们,车被埋在雪里。 无助和绝望 (作者和Rini) 看到了希望 (作者和Rini) 感恩 (作者和Rini) 惊喜 (Clifford夫妻) 愉快和幸运 (作者和Rini)
高潮 他们又冷又累,孤立无援,感到绝望。Rini快支撑不下去了。就在这时,Clifford 发现了他们,决定把他们带回家里。
Para. 1 好像过了一辈子,我们看到了远处的光。
①作者和Rini终于到了Clifford的家,他们的状态如何 ②Clifford夫妻是如何照顾作者和Rini的 ③作者和Rini在Clifford的家里待了多久 他们完全恢复了吗
Para. 2 新年那天,我们带了很多礼物回去拜访Clifford一家。
①Clifford一家见到作者和Rini之后有什么反应 ②作者和Rini与Clifford一家再次相见后都做了什么 ③被埋在雪里的车怎么样了 作者和Rini 买到他们想要的那款捷豹车了吗
One possible version:
After what seemed like a lifetime, we saw lights in the distance. We walked into the farmhouse. Much to the surprise of Clifford's wife, we were shaking and numbed with the cold, but alive. She ran a bath for us, brought us her husband's clothes, and on her doctor's advice, made our bowls full of lukewarm food. It was the first thing we ate in almost two days and it tasted delicious. The storm left the roads blocked, so we had to stay for several days. The couple were so welcoming, even if we were two strangers.
We went back to visit Clifford's family on New Year's Day, loaded with presents. They were so pleased and surprised to see us. We spent several days on the farm, helping Clifford tend his sheep and eating more delicious food cooked by his wife. Our car was dug out by the local garage. We told the owner we'd come to England to find an old Jaguar. By coincidence, he had one to sell, which was the exact model we looked for. It was the best holiday we had, for our survival, the wonderful family we had met and our dream that had come true.
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2025人教版高中英语必修第三册
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.—What m is this dress made of
—I don't know. It feels like silk.
2.(2022浙江1月改编)Kim Cobb is cutting back on his air travel because of (气候) change.
3.Spring is coming. The (温和的) wind blows and it's very comfortable.
4.The students in their (整洁的) school uniforms lined up for the flag-raising ceremony.
5.There is an (一条) of news in the paper about him for donating all his scholarships to the poor.
Ⅱ.一词多义
A.(使)平静下来;安静下来 B.定居 C.结束(争论);解决(纠纷)
1.The teacher didn't begin the lesson until all the students settled themselves.
2.(2024江苏苏州高新区第一中学月考)As long as parents and children make a joint effort, they can settle the conflict and enjoy their time together.
3.After my parents retired, they finally decided to settle in the countryside. The air there is very fresh.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The tennis court which belongs to our school is under (construct).
2.A wonderful idea occurred him when he was wandering aimlessly in the street.
3.We are happy to hear that they have reached a (settle) over new working conditions.
4.(2024广西百校联考) For camping, it's also important to choose equipment (suit) for the season.
5.The boy was so honest that he admitted (break) the window of the classroom.
6.(2024浙江1月)A single sugary treat, (select) by the child, was placed on a table.
7.There are some health problems that, when not (treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.当她看到她失散多年的儿子时,她无法克制自己,泪流满面。(contain)
Seeing her long-lost son, she and her face was covered with tears.(读后续写—情绪描写)
2.据称,专家们已经前往这个村庄收集第一手资料。(claim)
experts had headed to the village to collect information .
3.(2021全国甲写作)许多中国传统民间艺术已经在世界上流行:剪纸,京剧,相声,仅举几例。
Many traditional Chinese folk arts have been popular in the world: paper-cutting, Beijing Opera, crosstalk, .
4.随着考试的临近,复习你的课堂笔记是一个好主意。(with的复合结构)
, it's a good idea to review your class notes.
5.使这所学校自豪的是超过90%的学生被重点大学录取了。(what引导名词性从句;admit)
was that more than 90% of the students .
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Being a very popular tourist draw, the Chinatown in San Francisco is the oldest as well as the 1 (big) in America. The climate is mild the whole year, meaning it is always a good time to visit. Now, the majority of residents in Chinatown 2 (be) still ethnic Chinese, many of whom do not speak English 3 (fluent), which allows visitors 4 (experience) a real taste of China. Visitors can spend hours just 5 (explore) the interesting sights, smells, and sounds of China. The stores in the Chinatown offer 6 unique range of souvenirs, goods, clothing as well as 7 (variety) of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Chinese tea stores can also be found, 8 visitors can taste and buy all kinds of Chinese tea. However, what many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown may be 9 (it) food. 10 so many traditional dishes to choose from, visitors can buy Chinese food that suits everyone's taste.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024广东清远四校期中联考)
According to Chinese custom, 2024 is the Year of “龙”, but 1 is still unclear to some people whether the English translation of “龙” is “dragon” or “loong”. Here's an answer that might help you out.
2 (influence) by Greek fairy stories, the European dragon is often the keeper of treasure, so the European dragon is often 3 symbol of greed(贪婪) and destruction. Therefore, the warriors(勇士) in European fairy stories are often dragon slayers, killing a dragon to prove their strength.
Contrary to the evil image of European dragons, Chinese loongs 4 (traditional) represent strong power, strength, and good luck. They even have jobs. In fact, 5 Chinese legends, loongs are appointed head of the four seas where they must keep order, as well as bring rain to the earth.
6 (look) through the history books, we can learn that “loong” and “dragon” were originally translated into each other in a dictionary written by the Englishman Morrison before the First Opium War. Since then, “loong” and “dragon” 7 (translate) into each other on most occasions, for example, the 8 (excite) film called Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. However, 9 “loong” and “dragon” are directly translated into each other, it may lead to cultural misunderstanding to a certain extent. After all, the 10 (image) of the Chinese loong and the Western dragon are very diverse.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
One thing that sets humans apart from other members of the animal kingdom is our tendency to develop customs and traditions. Here are some diverse customs from around the world.
An odd custom associated with the United States is its complicated tipping culture. Unlike many other countries that don't tip at all or that only tip in small amounts when the food is particularly good, tipping is actually mandatory at most restaurants in the US. In other words, customers have a duty to leave between 10 and 20 percent of the bill as a tip. Waitstaff rely on these tips earning a living because legal wages for waiters are low. Furthermore, there are rules for tipping bartenders(酒吧侍者), delivery people and other service personnel. While some criticize this practice for being unreasonable, there's no doubt that tipping culture in the US encourages waiters and waitresses to provide better service.
Some countries find the act of pointing with the index finger(食指) to be rude. While members of most cultures would probably agree that pointing with fingers, both literally and figuratively, isn't exactly the mildest thing in the world, in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia, this gesture can be seen as incredibly offensive. Instead, it is common to gesture towards things with the thumb as this is seen as a more polite option. In many countries in Africa, pointing is reserved for objects that have no life only, not people.
Most societies around the world have rules about table manners. For Western culture, noisily consuming food is considered rude. In Japan, however, making slurping(啧啧响的)sounds while eating has an entirely different meaning. This might have something to do with the fact that in Western countries, noodles are properly consumed by twirling(缠绕) them around the fork before putting them in the mouth. Meanwhile, the Japanese simply slurp their noodles without twirling them first, an act that is naturally noisier than the former. Making slurping sounds when eating noodles in Japan is a way of indicating that you're really enjoying them. Some scientists even argue that slurping invites air into the mouth and actually enhances the noodles' flavor.
1.What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Required by tradition. B.Highly spoken of.
C.Changeable over time. D.Popular among people.
2.What does the author think of tipping
A.It is totally unreasonable. B.It must follow a fixed standard.
C.It can improve the quality of service. D.It should only target waiters and waitresses.
3.Which practice is acceptable according to the text
A.Skipping tipping in the USA. B.Twirling noodles around the fork in Africa.
C.Pointing with the index finger in Indonesia. D.Making sounds while eating noodles in Japan.
4.Where is this text probably taken from
A.A research paper. B.A popular magazine.
C.A travel brochure. D.An online advertisement.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024河北张家口开学考试)
London is definitely one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 1 Although there are similarities between London and some cities of America, don't expect them to be the same. If you are an American in London seeking advice to help you adjust to the new environment, you are fortunate to read this article.
2 It's really something that may make you fall out of love with this super magical city. Depending on which American state you live in, just like other big cities, the cost of living in London is one of the highest. It is one of the top complaints of people who just moved to London from the US, mostly if they came from smaller states.
Preparing your pocket to absorb the shock you will receive is not enough. Just like when in Rome, do as the Romans do, when you go to London, behave like the Londoners. 3 Let's say you left your coat on the chair after dinner. A Londoner will say your coat is on the chair instead of telling you to pick it up. When you hear things like this, don't be surprised, but live your life like them. 4
The last one is a seemingly odd one: learn to understand English. Don't be surprised that you will not understand some of the things the Englishmen are saying. It is not because you don't understand the language. 5 The names we call some common things also differ from theirs. To escape being lost when speaking with most Londoners, prepare yourself to relearn English you already know.
A.The reason is their accents.
B.This way, you will not be left out.
C.Don't forget where you come from.
D.To start with, prepare for the high cost of living.
E.That's why we should avoid saying things in a direct manner.
F.However, for an American, living in this city comes with a price.
G.For instance, in London, people don't ask anyone to do something directly.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅴ.读后续写
(2023山东临沂期中统考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The sun was shining in Utrecht, the Netherlands, when my friend Rini and I set off for England by car. We love classic cars and were going on a tour of used car dealerships in search of an old Jaguar(捷豹车). Aged 19 and 20, we were full of the spirit of adventure.
It was so mild when we arrived in Kent that occasionally we would stop to sunbathe. We had no luck in finding a Jaguar in the southeast so we decided to head farther north. We didn't check the forecast on our way to Cumbria.
As we drove, the weather got colder and wilder. Snow was falling and wind was blowing as we reached the Yorkshire Dales. We struggled on until the storm became so heavy that we couldn't see where we were going; the car barely moved. With no chance of going anywhere, we waited for the storm to pass. It was bitterly cold. Our summer sleeping bags offered little protection, and nor did our thin jackets. The cold slowed our senses, until it was all we felt.
The next morning, the car was buried in snow. Everything was dark. Panic set in. Staying in the car would kill us. We managed to get out, trying to find a farm we'd passed, but it was hopeless. The storm changed everything. The sky and the road were indistinguishable. Rini was fading. I kept him going, with whatever worked. Finally, we stopped at a barn(谷仓). I felt ready to die. At that moment, I heard what sounded like a dog bark. Then a figure came towards us. “Are you both crazy Out for a walk in this weather ” the man shouted.
The man, Clifford Harker, told us he owned the farm we had passed. He was out with his dog, leading his sheep to safety. He told us he lived a 10-minute walk away, so we followed, battling against the storm. Ten minutes passed, and there was nothing in sight. “How much longer ” we begged. “Ten more minutes,” he replied.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
After what seemed like a lifetime, we saw lights in the distance.
We went back to visit Clifford's family on New Year's Day, loaded with presents.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your
Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.material 2.climate 3.mild 4.neat 5.item
Ⅱ.1.A 句意:直到所有的学生都安静下来,老师才开始上课。
2.C 句意:只要父母和孩子共同努力,他们就能解决冲突,享受在一起的时光。
3.B 句意:在我父母退休后,他们最终决定在乡下定居。那里的空气很新鲜。
Ⅲ.1.construction 考查名词。句意:属于我们学校的网球场正在建造中。under construction意为“在建造中”。故填construction。
2.to 考查介词。句意:他在街上漫无目的地闲逛时,突然想到了一个绝妙的主意。sth. occurred/occurs to sb.意为“(想法或主意)被某人想到/出现在某人的头脑中”。故填to。
3.settlement 考查名词。句意:我们很高兴地听说他们已经就新的工作条件达成协议。reach a settlement意为“达成协议”。故填settlement。
4.suitable/suited 考查形容词。句意:对于露营来说,选择适合季节的装备也很重要。be suitable/suited for...意为“适合……”,此处为形容词短语作后置定语。故填suitable或suited。
5.breaking 考查动词-ing形式。句意:这个男孩非常诚实,他承认打碎了教室的窗玻璃。admit doing sth.意为“承认做某事”,动词-ing形式作宾语。故填breaking。
6.selected 考查过去分词。句意:一份那个孩子选择的甜食被放在桌子上。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语was placed,故设空处应用非谓语动词;设空处作后置定语,修饰前面的sugary treat,两者之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词。故填selected。
7.treated 考查过去分词。句意:有些健康问题如果不及时治疗,以后可能就会变成更大的问题。此处为状语从句的省略,省略了主语和be动词,treat和problems之间是被动关系,完整形式为“when they are not treated in time”。故填treated。
Ⅳ.1.couldn't contain herself 2.It was claimed that;at first hand 3.to name but a few 4.With exams approaching
5.What made the school proud; were admitted to/into key universities
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.biggest 考查形容词的最高级。根据设空处前面的“the oldest as well as the”可知,此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填biggest。
2.are 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由句中的Now可知用一般现在时;此处the majority of residents作主语,表示“大多数居民”,谓语动词的数由of后的名词决定,所以用复数形式。故填are。
3.fluently 考查副词。设空处前是speak English,提示词是形容词fluent,所以用副词作状语。故填fluently。
4.to experience 考查动词不定式。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to experience。
5.exploring 考查动词-ing形式。sb. spend(s) some time (in) doing sth.意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”。故填exploring。
6.a 考查冠词。a range of...意为“一系列……”,设空处后的unique的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
7.varieties 考查名词复数。varieties of意为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
8.where 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面有逗号隔开,分析句子结构可知,Chinese tea stores为后面内容中动作发生的地点,所以推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Chinese tea stores,关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
9.its 考查形容词性物主代词。设空处位于名词food之前,作定语,应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
10.With 考查介词。此处是with的复合结构,在句中作原因状语。注意首字母大写,故填With。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“龙”在中西方文化中的不同意义。
1.it 考查代词。句意:根据中国的习俗,2024年是龙年,但一些人还不清楚“龙”的英文翻译是“dragon”还是“loong”。分析句子可知,句中but连接前后两个并列分句,but后的分句为“it is+adj.+whether引导的主语从句”句型,it作形式主语,whether从句为真正的主语。故填it。
2.Influenced 考查过去分词。句意:受希腊神话故事的影响,欧洲龙往往是宝藏的守护者,所以欧洲龙往往是贪婪和毁灭的象征。设空处为非谓语动词,the European dragon与influence之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,注意单词首字母大写。故填Influenced。
3.a 考查冠词。句意同上题。设空处修饰单数名词symbol,表示泛指,意为“贪婪和毁灭的一种象征”,且symbol的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
4.traditionally 考查副词。句意:与欧洲龙的邪恶形象相反,中国龙在传统上代表着强大的能力、力量和好运。设空处修饰谓语动词represent,应使用副词。故填traditionally。
5.in 考查介词。句意:事实上,在中国传说中,龙被任命为四海之王,在那里它们必须维持秩序,并为大地带来雨水。此处表示“在……中”,应用介词in。
6.Looking 考查现在分词。句意:翻看史书,我们可以知道,“loong”和“dragon”起初是在第一次鸦片战争前由英国人马礼逊编写的词典中相互翻译的。设空处为非谓语动词,we与look through之间为主动关系,应用现在分词作状语,注意单词首字母大写。故填Looking。
7.have been translated 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:从那以后,“loong”和“dragon”在大多数场合被翻译成彼此,例如,令人兴奋的电影《卧虎藏龙》。该句为简单句,设空处作谓语,根据时间状语Since then可知应用现在完成时;主语为“loong” and “dragon”,谓语动词应用复数形式;动词translate与主语之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。故填have been translated。
8.exciting 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词film,应使用-ing形式的形容词作定语,表示“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。
9.if 考查条件状语从句。句意:然而,如果“loong”和“dragon”直接相互翻译,这在一定程度上可能会导致文化上的误解。设空处引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”。故填if。
10.images 考查名词复数。句意:毕竟,中国龙和西方龙的形象是非常不同的。根据后面的 are可知,主语应使用复数形式。 故填images。
【高频词汇】 1.destruction n.摧毁;毁灭;破坏
2.contrary to与……相反 3.appoint v.任命;委任
4.look through浏览 5.originally adv.起初;原来
6.misunderstanding n.误解;误会 7.to a certain extend在一定程度上
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同国家的风俗习惯。
1.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下一句“In other words, customers have a duty to leave between 10 and 20 percent of the bill as a tip.”可知,在美国,饭后有义务留下一些小费。由此推断“mandatory”与A项“按照传统要求的”意思接近。故选A。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“While some criticize this practice for being unreasonable, there's no doubt that tipping culture in the US encourages waiters and waitresses to provide better service.”可推断,作者认为给小费能够提高服务质量。故选C。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Making slurping sounds when eating noodles in Japan is a way of indicating that you're really enjoying them.”可知,在日本吃面条时发出声音表明你喜欢吃面条,是可接受的。故选D。
4.B 推理判断题。第一段指出,人类与动物王国其他成员的一个区别是我们有发展风俗和传统的倾向。下文介绍了几个国家不同的风俗习惯,所以这篇文章的内容与“文化习俗”相关,由此推断这篇文章应该选自“大众杂志”。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.set...apart from...使……与……不同 2.tendency n.趋势,趋向;倾向 3.(be) associated with与……有关 4.complicated adj.复杂的 5.particularly adv.尤其;特别 6.rely on 依靠;依赖 7.delivery n.递送;传送 8.criticize v.批评;指责 9.incredibly adv.极端地;极其 10.gesture v.做手势;用动作示意 11.option n.选择 12.reserve v.用于;保留 13.enhance v.提高;增强;增进 14.flavor n.味道
【差距词汇】 1.personnel n.人员 2.literally adv.字面上地 3.figuratively adv.比喻地 4.offensive adj.无礼的;冒犯的
长难句
原句 While some criticize this practice for being unreasonable, there's no doubt that tipping culture in the US encourages waiters and waitresses to provide better service.
分析 本句为主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然;尽管”;there's no doubt that是固定句式,意为“毫无疑问……”,that引导同位语从句,解释说明doubt的内容。
译文 虽然有些人批评这种做法不合理,但毫无疑问,美国的小费文化激励服务员提供更好的服务。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了一些帮助美国人适应伦敦生活的建议。
1.F 过渡句。空前句“伦敦确实是世界上最美丽的城市之一。”说明伦敦的优点,而空后句“尽管伦敦和美国的一些城市有相似之处,但不要指望它们是一样的。”说明伦敦和美国的一些城市还是有差异的。F项“然而,对一个美国人来说,生活在这个城市是有代价的。”与上文构成转折关系,其中的“this city”指代上文中的“London”,“for an American”和下文中的“If you are an American in London”相呼应。故选F。
2.D 主旨句。根据本段最后两句“Depending on which American state you live in...mostly if they came from smaller states.”可知,伦敦的生活成本高是刚从美国搬到伦敦的人面临的一个大问题。因此,D项“首先,为高昂的生活成本做好准备。”能概括本段主旨。故选D。
3.G 过渡句。空前句提到当你去伦敦的时候,行为举止就要像伦敦人一样;下文“Let's say...pick it up.”的例子说明,伦敦人说话不直接。所以,G项“例如,在伦敦,人们不会直接要求别人做某事。”既衔接上文“入乡随俗”,又可以引出下文具体的事例证明,符合语境。故选G。
4.B 细节句。根据空前句“当你听到这样的事情时,不要惊讶,但要像他们一样生活。”可知,此处建议要像伦敦人一样生活,这与B项中的“This way”相衔接,B项“这样,你就不会被排除在外了”是“像伦敦人一样生活”的结果。故选B。
5.A 细节句。根据上文“It is not because you don't understand the language.”可知,不理解英国人说的一些事情并不是因为你不理解英语,后文应该说明真正的原因。A项“原因是他们的口音。”衔接上文,符合语境。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.similarity n.相像处;相似点 2.adjust to 适应 3.cost n.价钱;费用;花费 4.complaint n.抱怨;投诉 5.seemingly adv.貌似;似乎
【熟词生义】 absorb v.承受;承担
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
人物 作者,作者的朋友Rini,Clifford(农场主) 开心 (作者和Rini)
时间 下着暴风雪的一天
地点 在约克郡山谷,一个谷仓旁边
开端 作者和朋友Rini开车从荷兰到英格兰,想找一辆老款的捷豹车。当他们到达肯特时,天气温暖,阳光灿烂,他们心情愉悦。
情节线 情感线
发展 在他们前往坎布里亚郡时,天气越来越冷,当他们到达约克郡山谷时,一场暴风雪困住了他们,车被埋在雪里。 无助和绝望 (作者和Rini) 看到了希望 (作者和Rini) 感恩 (作者和Rini) 惊喜 (Clifford夫妻) 愉快和幸运 (作者和Rini)
高潮 他们又冷又累,孤立无援,感到绝望。Rini快支撑不下去了。就在这时,Clifford 发现了他们,决定把他们带回家里。
Para. 1 好像过了一辈子,我们看到了远处的光。
①作者和Rini终于到了Clifford的家,他们的状态如何 ②Clifford夫妻是如何照顾作者和Rini的 ③作者和Rini在Clifford的家里待了多久 他们完全恢复了吗
Para. 2 新年那天,我们带了很多礼物回去拜访Clifford一家。
①Clifford一家见到作者和Rini之后有什么反应 ②作者和Rini与Clifford一家再次相见后都做了什么 ③被埋在雪里的车怎么样了 作者和Rini 买到他们想要的那款捷豹车了吗
One possible version:
After what seemed like a lifetime, we saw lights in the distance. We walked into the farmhouse. Much to the surprise of Clifford's wife, we were shaking and numbed with the cold, but alive. She ran a bath for us, brought us her husband's clothes, and on her doctor's advice, made our bowls full of lukewarm food. It was the first thing we ate in almost two days and it tasted delicious. The storm left the roads blocked, so we had to stay for several days. The couple were so welcoming, even if we were two strangers.
We went back to visit Clifford's family on New Year's Day, loaded with presents. They were so pleased and surprised to see us. We spent several days on the farm, helping Clifford tend his sheep and eating more delicious food cooked by his wife. Our car was dug out by the local garage. We told the owner we'd come to England to find an old Jaguar. By coincidence, he had one to sell, which was the exact model we looked for. It was the best holiday we had, for our survival, the wonderful family we had met and our dream that had come true.
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