第12讲 八年级下 Units 3~4 2025年中考英语（人教版）一轮复习考点探究学案（含答案）

第12讲 八年级下 Units 3~4
一阶 教材梳理
Unit 3　Could you please clean your room
1.　 　n.垃圾;废弃物 2.　 　v.折叠;对折 3.　 　v.扫;打扫 4.　 　v.厌恶;讨厌 5.　 　n.地板 6.　 　n.杂乱;不整洁 7.　 　adv.也不pron.两者都不 8.　 　adv.而且;加之 9.　 　n.衬衫 10.　 　v.给;递;走过;通过 11.　 　n.手指 12.　 　n.杂务;乏味无聊的工作 13.　 　conj.与……同时;当……的时候;而;然而 14.　 　n.点心;小吃;快餐 15.　 　n.精神压力;心理负担 16.　 　v.依靠;信赖
单一词性 1.throw v.扔;掷 →　 　/　 　(过去式/过去分词) *　 　扔掉;抛弃 2.borrow v.借;借用 →　 　/　 　(过去式/过去分词) →　 　v.借给;借出(反义词) 3.develop v.发展;壮大 →　 　n.发展;发育;成长 →　 　adj.发展中的 →　 　adj.发达的 4.provide v.提供;供应 *　 　为做某事提供某物 *　 　为某人提供某物 5.fair adj.合理的;公正的 →　 　n.公正性;合理性 →　 　adj.不公平的;不公正的(反义词) 6.neighbor n.邻居 →　 　n.街坊;街区 7.drop v.落下;掉下 →　 　/　 　(过去式/过去分词) *　 　顺便拜访 兼类词 8.waste n.浪费;垃圾v.浪费;滥用 *　 　浪费时间/金钱
名词短语 1.　 　饮料和零食 动词短语 2.　 　倒垃圾 3.　 　照顾;处理 4.　 　依靠;信赖 5.　 　洗餐具;洗碗碟 6.　 　扫地;清扫地面 7.　 　铺床;整理床铺 8.　 　折衣服 9.　 　打扫客厅 10.　 　出去吃晚饭 11.　 　搭车;搭便车 12.　 　带狗去散步;遛狗 其他短语 13.　 　一……就…… 14.　 　总是;一直 15.　 　目的是;为了 (→　 　为了;以便)
Unit 4　Why don't you talk to your parents
1.　 　adj.有毛病;错误的 2.　 　adj.焦虑的;担忧的 3.　 　v.猜测;估计 4.　 　v.抄袭;模仿;复制;复印 5.　 　v.归还;回来;返回 6.　 　n.云;云朵 7.　 　adj.年纪较长的 8.　 　pron.任何;每一 9.　 　adv.第二;其次 10.　 　v.造成;引起 11.　 　adj.清楚易懂的;晴朗的 12.　 　n.成员;分子 13.　 　n.压力 14.　 　adj.典型的 15.　 　adj.快的;迅速的;时间短暂的 16.　 　adj.不理智的;疯狂的 17.　 　adv.可能;大概;也许
单一词性 1.allow v.允许;准许 *　 　允许某人做某事 2.relation n.关系;联系;交往 →　 　n.亲戚 3.communication n.交流;沟通 →　 　v.交流;沟通 *　 　与……交流 4.argue v.争吵;争论 →　 　n.争吵;争论 *　 　与……争吵 5.instead adv.代替;反而;却 *　 　代替;反而 6.skill n.技艺;技巧 →　 　adj.熟练的;巧妙的 7.continue v.持续;继续存在 *　 　继续做某事(完成一件事后继续做另外一件事) *　 　继续做某事(同一件事) 8.push v.鞭策;督促;推动 *　 　鞭策/督促某人做某事 →　 　v.拉 (反义词) 9.offer v.主动提出;自愿给予 *　 　主动提出做某事 *　 　给某人提供某物 10.proper adj.正确的;恰当的 →　 　adv.正确地;适当地 11.explain v.解释;说明 →　 　n.解释;说明 12.compete v.竞争;对抗 →　 　n.比赛;竞争 →　 　n.竞争者,对手;参赛者 13.opinion n.意见;想法;看法 *　 　依……看 14.usual adj.通常的;寻常的 →　 　adj.不寻常的;特别的(反义词) →　 　adv.通常地;一般地 *　 　像往常一样 兼类词 15.deal n.协议;交易v.应对;交易 *　 　重要的事 *　 　对付;应付
名词短语 1.　 　压力很大 2.　 　家庭成员 动词短语 3.　 　成功地发展;解决 4.　 　快速查看;浏览 5.　 　和睦相处;关系良好 6.　 　删除;删去 7.　 　与……比较;与……对比 8.　 　与朋友闲逛 9.　 　与……发生争执/吵架
二阶 语境巧记
根据句意和所给中文意思填空
1.The answer to your question is very 　 　 (清楚的).
2.Listening is one of the most important 　 　 (技能) in language learning.
3.It is impolite to 　 　 (争吵) with your parents about it.
4.Please pick up the 　 　 (废弃的) paper and put it into the dustbin.
5.The black 　 　 (云) are hanging over the sky. It may be rainy soon.
6.—What 　 　 (引起) the terrible fire
—The burning lantern.
7.I 　 　 (自愿给予) the cleaner some money, but he refused.
8.Jack likes football, 　 　 (然而) his brother likes basketball.
9.I should 　 　 (发展) and improve my Chinese language skills.
10.We should know that 　 　 (抄袭) others' homework is wrong.
三阶 语篇串记
词语运用
It is normal for people to have stress. Everybody will feel it from time to time. Sometimes stress can push 1.　 　 (we) to move forward. But stress becomes bad if it affects (影响) our everyday life and health. So how do you know you're 2.　 　 (stress) out And 3.　 　 can you do about it
Sometimes stress 4.　 　 (come) when you don't realize it. Do you often have a stomachache, a headache, or get angry 5.　 　 (easy) Do you have sleeping problems If your answers are yes, you're perhaps facing a lot of stress and you may need help.
Talking about your problem with someone who is ready to help. You can have 6.　 　 talk with your parents, friends, teachers or even doctors. Tell them if you're 7.　 　 (worry) about your schoolwork, or if you have difficulty getting along 8.　 　 your classmates. Then you can come up with a few 9.　 　 (solution). You can spend more time on proper 10.　 　 (communicate) or going for a short holiday.
There's one important thing you need to remember: Having some stress is normal. It's OK to feel angry, scared or lonely sometimes. Don't be afraid to ask others for help when you're in need.
【考点讲堂】
辨析borrow、lend和keep
(2024·河南)And for a trip of this kind, travelers will need a tour guide—someone who can explain to them what they are seeing and help keep them safe.
词汇含义及用法搭配
lend意为“借出”,与borrow相反,指借东西给别人lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.
keep意为“保留,保存(本意);借用(引申)”,是延续性动词,可以和一段时间及 how long 连用keep...for +一段时间
续表
词汇含义及用法搭配
borrow指从别人那里借东西,是非延续性动词,表示“某人把某物借了多久”用sb.have/has kept sth. for+一段时间borrow sth.from sb.
选词填空。
keep　borrow　lend
1.Sorry, I can't 　 　 you the dictionary, Betty. I have lost it.
2.You can 　 　 eggs for about four weeks in your fridge.
3.My car is under repair. Can I 　 　 yours for a day
compare的用法
Compared with last winter, our life now is very comfortable.
compare表示“比较”时,其后搭配的介词容易混淆,区别如下:
词条 用法
compare... with... 把……和……做比较(常表示同类相比) compare A with B
compare... to... 把……比作……(常表示异类相比,即比喻)
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.我通常把我的爱好比作一个鼓励我继续前进的特别的朋友。
I usually 　 　 a special friend who encourages me to move on.
2.我的父亲总是把我和别人进行比较。
My father always 　 　 other people.
3.我们仔细地比较了两个报告。
We carefully 　 　 the two reports.
explain的用法
(2024·河南)And for a trip of this kind, travelers will need a tour guide—someone who can explain to them what they are seeing and help keep them safe.
explain作行为动词,意为“解释;说明”。其常见搭配如下:
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.请给我一个机会向你解释我为什么上学迟到。
Please give me a chance to 　 　 why I was late for school.
2.如果他在这儿的话,我可以自己向他解释。
If he were here, I could 　 　by myself.
3.我无法解释这个谜团。
I can't 　 　 the mystery.
4.律师向我们解释了新法律。
The lawyer 　 　.
get on with的用法
Lisa is a popular monitor. She get on well with her classmates and teachers.
短语get on with与get along with同义,主要有以下用法:
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.你工作进展得怎么样
How are you 　 　your job
2.那时他才发现和别人友好相处是非常重要的。
Only then did he find it important 　 　others.
waste的用法
To avoid wasting food, our school held a “Clear Your Plate” activity.
waste可用作名词和动词,具体用法如下:
a waste of time意为“浪费时间,白费时间”,是固定短语;waste还可以表示“废料,废物”等,为不可数名词。
waste还可用作形容词,意为“无用的;废弃的”等。如:waste paper废纸,waste water废水。
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.请把地上的废纸捡起来。
　 　 on the floor, please.
2.我认为做家务不是浪费时间。
I don't think doing housework is 　 　.
3.他浪费了大量的时间在看电影上。
He wasted lots of time 　 　.
4.浪费这么好吃的食物真是可惜。
It's a pity to 　 　 such 　 　.
offer的用法
In our English class, many chances are offered to students to show themselves.
offer用作动词时,意为“主动提出,自愿给予”。其主要搭配如下:
offer作名词时,意为“主动提议,建议、出价”。
offer/provide/give
这三个词均有“供给,提供”之意,它们之间的区别主要在结构上。具体如下:
(1)offer+sb.+sth.=offer+sth.+to+sb.
(2)provide+sb.+with+sth.=provide+sth.+for+sb.
(3)give+sb.+sth.=give+sth.+to+sb.
按要求完成下列各题。
1.I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered 　 　 (take) me to watch an opera.(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)
2.Some local people offered food 　 　 us. (盲填)
3.We are here to provide the public 　 　 a service.(盲填)
辨析instead与instead of
(2024·河南)Frank knew that she thought it was better to talk about feelings instead of getting angry.
词汇词性用法
instead副词“代替;反而;却”,修饰整个句子,位于句首或句末
instead of介词短语“代替,而不是”,后面跟名词、代词、介词短语或动名词
　　例如:—Instead of eating out, why not call some friends and have a picnic by Yunzhu Lake 与其出去吃饭,为什么不叫上一些朋友在云竹湖畔野餐呢
—That's a good idea. And I'll go fishing instead.好主意。我要去钓鱼。
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
1.他没有回家,而是去了图书馆。
He didn't go home, 　 　, he went to the library.
2.你与其看电视,不如去外面散步。
You should go for a walk 　 　 　 　 watching TV.
develop的用法
(2024·河南)In this way, I will gradually develop a good learning habit.
词性及含义 例句/搭配
vi. 发展 develop into ... 发展成……
vt. 使发展 develop friendship发展友谊
形成;养成 develop healthy eating habits养成健康的饮食习惯
开发 Their rich natural resources are not fully developed.它们丰富的自然资源还没有被充分地开发利用。
vt. 制订(计划);研制(产品) Scientists are developing new drugs to treat cancer.科学家们正在研制新药治疗癌症。
develop的名词形式是 development,意为“发展;进展;开发”。常用搭配: with the development of ...随着……的发展
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.我们的社会应该逐渐发展成为一个每位成员都能够设立自我目标的社会。
Our society should gradually 　 　 a society in which each member is able to set his or her own goals.
2.图书馆的工作人员应当帮助孩子们从小养成良好的阅读习惯,并让他们享受阅读的快乐。
Librarians should help the children 　 　 of reading from an early age, and help them enjoy reading.
3.随着现代科技的发展,老师可以在课堂上引进新的教学方法来提高学生的兴趣。
　 　 modern science and technology, teachers can introduce new teaching methods into the class to increase students' interests.
depend的用法
(2024·河南) Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts.
按要求完成下列练习。
1.Many living things depend 　 　 the sun for their growth.(盲填)
2.In my opinion, you can't depend on others 　 　(help) you.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
3.Find a job and end your 　 　(depend) on your parents.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
4.They are taught to be dependent on themselves from an early age. (改为同义句)
They are taught to 　 　 themselves from an early age.
since的用法
(2023·河南)Since the moonlight is so bright, you can sometimes see it during the day, too.
按要求完成下列练习。
1.　 　 (when/since) you can't answer the question, perhaps we'd better ask someone else.(选词填空)
2.They worked together in the 1960s, and they 　 　(keep) in touch ever since.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
3.They have never been to my house since I 　 　(be) ill.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
4.他离开这儿已有五年了。(根据汉语意思完成句子)
It 　 　 since he 　 　.
【参考答案】
教材梳理
一阶知识回顾
Unit 3　Could you please clean your room
核心词汇
1.rubbish　2.fold　3.sweep　4.hate　5.floor　6.mess　7.neither　8.anyway　9.shirt　10.pass　11.finger
12.chore　13.while　14.snack　15.stress　16.depend
词汇拓展
1.threw　thrown　throw away
2.borrowed　borrowed　lend
3.development　developing　developed
4.provide sth. to do sth.　provide sth. for sb./sb. with sth.
5.fairness　unfair
6.neighborhood
7.dropped　dropped　drop by
8.waste time/money
重点短语
1.drinks and snacks
2.take out the rubbish
3.take care of
4.depend on
5.do the dishes
6.sweep the floor
7.make the bed
8.fold the clothes
9.clean the living room
10.go out for dinner
11.get a ride
12.take the dog for a walk
13.as soon as
14.all the time
15.in order to　in order that
Unit 4　Why don't you talk to your parents
核心词汇
1.wrong　2.nervous　3.guess　4.copy　5.return
6.cloud　7.elder　8.whatever　9.secondly　10.cause
11.clear　12.member　13.pressure　14.typical
15.quick　16.crazy　17.perhaps
词汇拓展
1.allow sb. to do sth.
2.relative
3.communicate　communicate with
4.argument　argue with
5.instead of
6.skillful
7.continue to do sth.　continue doing sth.
8.push sb. to do sth.　pull
9.offer to do sth.　offer sb. sth./offer sth. to sb.
10.properly
11.explanation
12.competition　competitor
13.in one's opinion
14.unusual　usually　as usual
15.big deal　deal with
重点短语
1.a lot of pressure/stress
2.family members
3.work out
4.look through
5.get on with
6.cut out
7.compare... with
8.hang out with friends
9.have a fight with
二阶语境巧记
1.clear　2.skills　3.argue　4.waste　5.clouds
6.caused　7.offered　8.while　9.develop　10.copying
三阶语篇串记
1.us　2.stressed　3.what　4.comes　5.easily　6.a
7.worried　8.with　9.solutions　munication
考点讲堂
考点1
三悟:1.lend　2.keep　3.borrow
考点2
三悟:1.compare my hobby to　2.compares me with
3.compared
考点3
三悟:1.explain to　2.explain to him 　3.explain
4.explained the new law to us
考点4
三悟:1.getting on with 　2. to get on/along well with
考点5
三悟:1.Pick up the waste paper　2.a waste of time
3.(in) watching movies　4.waste　delicious food
考点6
三悟:1.to take　2.to　3.with
考点7
三悟:1.instead　2.instead　of
考点8
三悟:1.develop into　2.develop a good habit　3.With the development of
考点9
三悟:1.on　2.to help　3.dependence　4.depend on　　
考点10
三悟:1.Since　2.have kept　3.was　4.has been five years
left here