知识点3 名词 2025年中考英语总复习专题训练（福建专版）（含解析）

专题一 词法篇
知识点3 名词、冠词和数词
【图解语法】
名词
冠词
数词
【真题荟萃】
( )1.(2024·福建)—I like the　　　　in that restaurant near our school.
—Me, too.They have the best cooks in our town.
A.food
B.service
C.environment
( )2.(2024·福建)It is a good　　　　to do some reading before you go to bed every day.
A.habit　B.excuse　　C.result
( )3.(2023·福建)—How is the 　　　　today
—It's hot.You don't need to wear the coat.
A.weather
B.traffic
C.price
( )4.(2022· 福建)—Jenny, why not go for 　　　　picnic this Saturday
—Sounds great.
A.a B.an C.the
5.(2022·福建)In the closing years of the Sui Dynasty, a terrible flood (洪水) happened on the Xiao River outside the city of Zhaozhou.　 　 flood brought down a large stone bridge.
【模拟演练】
( )1.(2024·百校联考三模)—Ms. Brown, could you tell me which the better 　　　　is, a senior high school or a vocational (职业) high school
—Oh, dear. It depends on your individual goals, interests, and learning style.
A.choice
B.service
C.report
( )2.(2024·莆田二模)—Have you been to Harbin Ice-Snow World
—Yes, I have been there 　　　　. It is well worth visiting.
A.two B.second C.twice
( )3.(2024·漳州二模)Discussion is 　　　　good way to solve the problem.
A.a B.an C.the
( )4.(2024·莆田一模)—Try to find something good even in a bad 　　　　.
—Certainly. Let's make full use of what comes.
A.situation
B.competition
C.direction
( )5.(2024·莆田一模)—What's the most important tradition in a Chinese family
—We must care for 　　　　old.
A.an B.the C./
【仿真作业】
【基础作业】
Ⅰ.选择填空
( )1.—The milk shake tastes good.How do you make it
—It's easy, just follow the 　　　　.
A.introductions
B.instructions
C.instruments
( )2.—You have a nice house! Whose room is this
—It's 　　　　.
A.Jack and Peter's
B.Jack's and Peter's
C.Jack and Peter
( )3.My grandfather has sent me 　　　　e-book as my birthday present.
A.a　　　　　B.an
C.the
( )4.—What do you think of the program on CCTV
—It's one of 　　　　best programs that I've ever seen.
A.a B.the
C.an
( )5.—Is this high-speed railway station the 　　　　largest in Hubei Province
—Yes, of course.It's just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.
A.first 　　 B.second 　
C.third
【提升作业】
Ⅱ.完形填空
(原创)What would life be like without enough clean, safe drinking water Around two billion people around the world 　1　 this problem every day.Many scientists are trying to help them.One of them is Emily Tianshi.
Emily grew up in southern California.As a child, she and her family would go 　2　 every weekend.On these hikes she would see a type of pine (松树) called the Torrey Pine.The girl became interested in them.What is 　3　 about these trees Well, the climate in southern California is dry all year round, 　4　 Torrey Pines are still able to grow very well.They can 　5　 be found with big puddles (水坑) under them.
When she was 13 years old, Emily began to closely study Torrey Pines.She learned 　6　 the trees' thin, sharp leaves take in water from the air.Whenever they take in too much water, they pour out the extra amount to form the puddles on the ground.
Emily made a device (设备) called Torrentis.The device 　7　 the thin, sharp leaves of a Torrey Pine.Every night, the girl would leave 　8　 outside.She would go back early in the morning to see if it had “harvested” any 　9　.Over the years, Emily has tried to make the device work better.Many scientists now think highly of it. “Mother Nature is my teacher for many things,” the girl said.“You can learn something 　10　 her and do something for her, too.”
( )1.A.face　　 B.solve　　
C.find
( )2.A.climbing B.swimming
C.hiking
( )3.A.strange　 B.special　
C.similar
( )4.A.and　　　 B.or　　　
C.but
( )5.A.often B.seldom
C.never
( )6.A.how B.when
C.if
( )7.A.looks after　 B.looks like
C.looks up
( )8.A.it B.them　
C.herself
( )9.A.air　 B.water　
C.sunlight
( )10.A.with B.for
C.from
【参考答案】
真题荟萃
1.A　【解析】 考查名词辨析。food意为“食物”;service意为“服务”;environment意为“环境”。根据“They have the best cooks in our town.”可知饭店有最好的厨师,所以食物是好吃的。
2.A　【解析】 考查名词辨析。句意:每天睡觉前读书是一个好习惯。habit意为“习惯”;excuse意为“借口”;result意为“结果”。根据“to do some reading before you go to bed every day”和常识可知睡前阅读是好习惯。
3.A　【解析】 考查名词辨析。根据回答“It's hot.”可知,前面的句子问的是天气。
4.A　【解析】 考查冠词。句意:Jenny,这周六要不要(一起)去野餐呢 根据固定搭配“go for a picnic”可知答案选A。
5.The　【解析】 考查冠词。空处表示的是上句中提到过的同一个事物,用the来表示。句意:隋朝末年,赵州城外的洨河发了一场大洪水。这场洪水冲垮了一座巨大的石桥。
模拟演练
1.A　【解析】 考查名词辨析。choice意为“选择”;service意为“服务”;report意为“报告”。根据“a senior high school or a vocational (职业) high school”可知,说话人不知道选择高中还是职业高中。
2.A　【解析】 考查频度副词。根据“I have been there...”可知,是去过两次,用副词twice。
3.A　【解析】 考查冠词。a表示泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an表示泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表示特指。根据“...good way to solve the problem.”可知,此处泛指一种方法。而good是辅音音素开头的单词,故选A。
4.A　【解析】 考查名词辨析。situation意为“情况”;competition意为“比赛”;direction意为“方向”。根据“Try to find something good even in a bad...”可知,此处指在糟糕的情况下找到好的方面。
5.B　【解析】 考查冠词。根据“We must care for...old”可知,此处指照顾老人。表示一类人可用“the+形容词”。
仿真作业
Ⅰ.1.B　2.A　3.B　4.B　5.B
Ⅱ.1.A　2.C　3.B　4.C　5.A　6.A　7.B　8.A　9.B
10.C
【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述的是科学家Emily致力于研究净水设备来帮助解决获取干净安全的人类饮用水的问题。
【答案与解析】
1.A　考查动词。face意为“面临”;solve意为“解决”;find意为“找到”。句意:每天全世界约20亿人面临这个问题。
2.C　考查动词。根据下文“On these hikes...”可知选C。
3.B　考查形容词。句意:这些树(松树)有什么特别的地方呢 strange意为“奇怪的”;special意为“特别的”;similar意为“相似的”。
4.C　考查连词。根据前半句“南加州常年干旱”,后半句“托雷松仍然长势喜人”可知,前后为转折关系。
5.A　考查频度副词。根据下文“Whenever they take in too much water, they pour out the extra amount to form the puddles on the ground.”可知,人们经常会在树底下发现大的水坑。
6.A　考查宾语从句连接词。根据下文可知,Emily研制了一台净水设备,正是利用了这种松树的吸水原理(利用尖薄的叶片来吸收空气中的水)。
7.B　考查动词词组。根据上文可知,这台设备就是通过研究托雷树的原理而制造出来的。所以它看起来像托雷树的叶子。look after意为“照顾”;look like意为“看起来像”;look up意为“查阅”。
8.A　考查代词。根据上文可知,Emily每天晚上都把这台设备放在户外。
9.B　考查名词。根据上文可知,设备被用来获得空气中的水。
10.C　考查介词。learn from是固定搭配,意为“从……中学习”。