河北省部分地区2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
If you want to travel around London, this introduction may let you have a good journey during your travelling time.
Tower Bridge
Tower Bridge is a bascule(悬索) bridge in London, UK. It crosses the River Thames and is named because it's near the Tower of London. It's the first bridge from the mouth of the Thames (there are 15 bridges on the river). It's also a symbol of London. The bridge was built in 1886 and opened to the public on June 30, 1894, connecting the north and south areas of London.
St. Paul's Cathedral
St. Paul's Cathedral is a landmark in London and the largest church in the UK. Known for its milky-white Baroque tower top, it's a great place to view London. After the 1666 fire, it was redesigned by Christopher Wren and took 35 years to complete. The interior is magnificent. There's a Whispering Gallery and many famous tombstones. It's a representative of British classical architecture.
Big Ben
Big Ben, a London landmark in the Parliament clock tower by the Thames, has kept time since 1859. A must-photo spot, it's grand and complex. After renovation, it's still a British pride and cultural symbol. People gather here on New Year's for fireworks.
1．What is the main characteristic of St. Paul's Cathedral
A．It's a symbol of London. B．It's Whispering Gallery.
C．It's unique tower top. D．It's magnificent inner.
2．If Lily wants to take a photo, which palaces may be the best choice
A．Tower Bridge B．Big Ben
C．St. Paul's Cathedral D．All above
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage
A．It costs about 8 years to build the Tower Bridge.
B．It costs about 35 years to build the St. Paul's Cathedral.
C．People will gather at the Big Ben for the renovation.
D．St. Paul's Cathedral was ruined by the fire in 1666.
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Edward Ndiritu joined Lewa Wildlife Reserve in central Kenya in 1996 as a rhino monitor. Back then, illegal hunting had greatly reduced the country's black rhino population. Worried that they might become extinct, he worked his way up to lead Lewa's anti-hunting team. In 2015, his team's community-focused conservation method won him the first Wildlife Ranger Award from conservation charity Tusk.
He grew up in a village between Mount Kenya and the Aberdare Forest, which was once a wildlife route for migrating elephants and black rhinos. He saw them disappear gradually. He realized that hunting and the disruptive actions of the community were the reasons. The demand for rhino horn(角), which is very valuable in Asia, drives hunters. They are part of a big and rich crime network. There are people who help them by giving them equipment. In 2011 and 2012, Lewa had many difficulties. They lost rhinos. It was found that those involved in hunting were also linked to human smuggling(走私) and other illegal activities.
The hunting challenge has changed. Hunters now have networks, get information from the local community, and use technology like phones and motorbikes. Edward's team has adapted by using cameras, sensors, trackers, and a system that tells them when and where hunting might happen. They also work closely with the community, which is now the first
line of defense. Lewa gives agricultural training, medical help, and business support to rural women. This makes locals more likely to report hunting before it happens.
To be a good forest guard, one needs to be honest, tough, and motivated. Edward now knows that making sure the forest guards are happy and well is very important. He is hopeful about wildlife conservation in Lewa. Funding is a problem, but organizations like Tusk are helping. Conservation is about people. Looking after those outside the reserve is necessary for the future of wildlife. Only when communities can live in harmony with the animals they see every day will there be a good future for wildlife.
4．What motivated Edward to lead the anti-hunting team
A．Fear of extinction. B．Love for animals.
C．Desire for awards. D．Pressure from community.
5．What can we learn about Edward Ndiritu from the first two paragraphs
A．He hunted the rhino before 1996.
B．He grew up in the forest.
C．He had won an award in 1996.
D．He had promoted to be the leader.
6．How did Edward get support from the locals
A．By using technologies like networks.
B．By offering help like medical help.
C．By using tools like sensors and trackers.
D．By working closely with locals.
7．What is crucial for the future of wildlife according to the passage
A．More forest guards.
B．Strong laws.
C．Community living in harmony with animals.
D．Increased funding.
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The ancient Egyptians were known for their carefully record-keeping, documenting prayers, declarations, and taxes. This extensive writing has now been linked to physical marks on the bones of the kingdom's scribes, as revealed in a new study published in Scientific Reports.
The study focused on the bones of 69 adult men buried between 2,700 and 2,180 B.C. at Abusir. The researchers identified 30 of these individuals as either professional scribes or high-status officials who needed language skills for their work. These scribes exhibited specific physical characteristics related to their occupation. Many had osteoarthritis in their right collar bone, shoulder, and thumb, likely due to the repetitive movements involved in writing. Their ankle and leg bones were flat from sitting cross-legged for extended periods, and they also showed signs of spinal(脊柱) osteoarthritis, possibly from looking up to listen and then bending over to write on papers.
An fascinating finding was the prevalence of jaw joint issues among the scribes, which
the researchers speculate might be associated with chewing on reed(芦苇) pens. The ink for these pens was typically black from soot(烟灰) or red from iron for important documents.
However, not all scholars are convinced by the study's conclusions. Cynthia Wilczak and Danny Wescott, who were not involved in the research, argue that more evidence is necessary. Only six of the 30 bones were confirmed to be scribes based on their titles, while the rest were identified based on their tomb locations and social status. Additionally, there is no dental evidence to support the theory that the scribes chewed on pens.
Despite these criticisms, Brukner Havelková and her team aim to expand their research by examining scribe remains from other locations to confirm their findings. While this study is just the beginning, it offers a unique perspective into the lives of ancient Egyptian scribes and the physical cost their work demanded.
8．What does Scientific Reportsfound
A．Ancient Egyptians are fond of recording.
B．The scribe's bone has some marks.
C．The Ancient Egyptian's documents.
D．The bones of Kingdom's scribes.
9．What may best explain the underlined word "osteoarthritis"
A．It's a kind of disease.
B．It's a kind of bone.
C．It's some substances in the bone.
D．It's a clothes without collar.
10．How does Cynthia and Danny think of the conclusion
A．They think it's evident. B．They think it's critical.
C．They think it's skeptical. D．They think it's crucial.
11．What's the writer's attitude towards Brukner's research
A．Negative B．Neutral C．Doubtful D．Approval
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There is increasing evidence suggesting that ultra-processed food addiction is indeed a significant issue. These foods, which are carefully manufactured in industrial factories rather than in the familiar setting of grandma's kitchen, are filled with altered ingredients that are artfully combined to enhance fat, sugar, and salt levels. Moreover, they contain a lots of flavor and sensory enhancers, which render them irresistibly appealing. Examples of ultra-processed foods range from packaged snacks to fast food and mass-produced desserts. In fact, they account for nearly 60 percent of the calories consumed in the United States.
Studies have revealed that up to 20 percent of adults and 15 percent of kids and adolescents might exhibit signs of addiction to these foods, a phenomenon that has been recognized for decades as rat studies in the 1980s demonstrated that the brain's reward system is powerfully activated when rats consume certain foods, a reaction similar to that when they self-administer cocaine.
In recent years, as the obesity rate in America has soared to 42 percent, especially among Black and Hispanic populations, scientists have been devoting increased attention to the impact of ultra-processed food addiction. These foods not only activate the brain's reward system but also may involve the gut-microbiology. Symptoms of craving and withdrawal are clearly evident with ultra-processed foods. People will go to great lengths to obtain these foods, and when they are refused, they may experience a series of discomforts such as headaches, fatigue, and irritability(易怒的). A study in 2022 found that ultra-processed foods meet the same addiction criteria as tobacco products.
High consumption of ultra-processed foods is linked to numerous health problems, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, depression, anxiety, and an increased risk of death. Thin people can also be addicted, perhaps burning off the extra calories through exercise or having a genetic predisposition(易患病体质) not to gain weight easily. Food companies argue against denying these foods, but experts advocate for clear nutritional labels and restrictions on marketing to children. Treating food addictions remains an open question, but there is hope that people will become more aware of the dangers, just as they did with smoking.
12．What is paragraph 1 of the text mainly about
A．The ultra-processed food's calorie.
B．The ultra-processed food's production.
C．The ultra-processed food's feature.
D．The ultra-processed food's popularity.
13．What has the rat study found about ultra-processed food in 1980s
A．It works like cocaine. B．It will reward the brain.
C．It has powerful addiction. D．It is same as cocaine.
14．Which is the disadvantage of ultra-processed food according to this text
A．It has much more calories than any other foods.
B．It will make you addicted and feel uncomfortable.
C．It will make those who is genetic predisposition ill.
D．It will burn out all your calories in your body.
15．What's the writer's opinion about the ultra-processed food in the future
A．It must be resolved someday.
B．It will automatically disappear.
C．It is a dangerous question.
D．It is a question to be resolved.
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sometimes, it's good to be bored
"I am dying of boredom," complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov's 1897 play UncleVanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom. 16．
That is the finding of two fascinating recent studies. In one, researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result 17． In the second study, subjects gave more answers to a word test than a non-bored control group after being forced to watch a dull screensaver.
"An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state," says Sandi Mann, the psychologist at the University of Central Lancashire. " 18． " Parents will tell you that kids with "nothing to do" will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever.
The problem, the researchers worry, is that these days we don't struggle to overcome these slow moments. " 19． " Mann says. "This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking." So here is an idea: Instead of always avoiding boredom, embrace and face it. Sometimes, anyway. Mann has found she gets some of her best thinking done when she is driving her car and therefore can't be distracted by her phone.
20． The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can't be bothered to do anything. An important part of our modern task, then, is learning to evaluate these different types of boredom — to distinguish the useful kind from the harmful one.
A．And there is, of course, bad boredom.
B．Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas.
C．But what if boredom is a meaningful experience
D．These moments are a lot more valuable than expected.
E．Actually, tips on getting away from boredom are countless.
F．We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices.
G．When not satisfied with your state, you're seeking and engaged.
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In a small town, there was a young man named Tom. Although he was just a(n) 21． person, Tom had a very kind heart and a strong sense of 22． . The town had a serious shortage of clean water. This problem had a big influence on the 23． . It messed up their usual activities and was a big threat to their health.
Tom, decided to do something. He spent a lot of time, working day and night to find possible solutions. He 24． different organizations and asked for their help. Many people around him thought it was a 25． thing and told him to stop. But Tom was very firm in his decision and always positive.
He 26． a group of people and they started a 27． to make people know how important clean water is. They gave out flyers all over the town and even went to every house to 28． the situation. Their efforts slowly started to work. People from all 29． of jobs in the town were 30． by their hard work and began to offer their help and resources.
With the efforts of the whole community, a new water 31． system was finally put in. The town now had clean and 32． water. Tom's action not only solved the water problem but also made the people closer to each other. It 33． that even an ordinary person can make a big difference in 34． if they are 35． and have a positive attitude.
21．A． famous B． criminal C． ordinary D． specific
22．A． duty B． patriotic C． working D． playing
23．A． government B． country C． town D． residents
24．A． experienced B． contacted C． associated D． participated
25．A． timeless B． meaningful C． useless D． illegal
26．A． got together B． got along with
C． pieced together D． got back
27．A． meeting B． campaign C． business D． lecture
28．A． complain B． persuade C． explain D． argue
29．A． corners B． sorts C． positions D． salaries
30．A． shocked B． overwhelmed C． succeeded D． inspired
31．A． location B． transportation
C． activation D． purification
32．A． safe B． warm C． dirty D． tidy
33．A． took B． showed C． posed D． wondered
34．A． life B． water C． society D． rural
35．A． bankrupted B． scheduled C． determined D． kind-minded
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese brocade(云锦) has a history of 1,300 years. It 36． (be) once for the Chinese elite. Now, young fashion 37． (design) like it. Things like flames, beasts, weapons, and stars decorate the brocade. Flowers are a common pattern, like in a silk piece from the middle of the 18th century.
This art is very complex. Old craftsmen can only make about two 38． (inch) of cloth a day. Traditional looms are 18 feet long and have thousands of parts. 39． (Operate) them needs dozens of steps. Artisans sing songs to remember the process. The made fabric is bright, 40． patterns made of silk, gold, and peacock-feather yarn.
The 41． (early) Chinese brocade is from the Tang Dynasty. Different regional kinds 42． (develop) in places like Nanjing and Chengdu. Silk museums there let tourists buy real brocade scarves and bags. Factories can't copy this complex fabric. It can only be made on traditional looms. It is a proud symbol of cultural heritage and 43． (appeal) to older Chinese people. More and more new fashion designers are working with 44． (tradition) weavers. Designer Chen Liwen launched a series of scarves and accessories for Gen Z consumers last year with the hu bu tiger pattern. Ancient brocade seems closely tied 45． China's future.
46．（2024高三上·河北开学考） 假定你是李华，你的朋友Lucy因为不能良好处理和父母之间的关系而感到烦恼，向你写信求助，请你给她回信，内容包括：
1. 进行安慰；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Lucy,
I'm Li Hua,
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
47．（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jon's Pajama Problem
Oh no, he had done it again. He'd forgotten something important. Last year on their family trip to his uncle's cottage for Christmas, he had forgotten the bag with the toiletries (洗漱用品) in it. Neither he nor his brother had toothbrushes or toothpaste or shampoo. He'd had to borrow from his cousins who were not thrilled to share, and Jon was not too thrilled that his hair smelled like strawberries all week.
The year before, Jon had left the marshmallows and graham crackers at home, so they had no mores for the evening fire and annual reading of "The Night Before Christmas". They had to nibble on (小口咬) some stale (不新鲜的) crackers instead. His cousins still teased him about that.
And now, Jon couldn't believe he had forgotten to pack his pajamas. At home, that wouldn't really be a problem: he had extra pajamas. But at the cottage, there were photographs dating back for years and years of Jon's family on Christmas morning in front of the tree in their pajamas. Jon was feeling awful. He would be the first one to break the family tradition ever. Would he ruin Christmas for everyone What could he do
He didn't want to tell his parents. He went looking around the cottage, and found an old T- shirt. That could work. He tried putting it on, but it was too small. He tried to stretch it, but it must have been washed 100 times, and it ripped when he pulled on it.
At this point, Jon was getting desperate. He snuck into his brother's luggage, trying to find some spare pajamas, only to find himself in trouble when his older brother caught him and yelled. His brother hated it when Jon messed with his stuff.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then his brother told their parents.
Then came the next morning. Jon's mother said. "Before we take the Christmas photo, I have a special gift for someone."
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了伦敦三个旅游景点。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据St. Paul's Cathedral部分中的"Known for its milky-white Baroque tower top, it's a great place to view London."它以乳白色的巴洛克式塔顶而闻名，是观赏伦敦的好地方。可知，圣保罗大教堂的主要特点是独特的塔顶。故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据Big Ben部分中的"A must-photo spot, it's grand and complex."一个必拍照的景点，它宏伟而复杂。可知，如果莉莉想拍照，大本钟可能是最好的选择。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据Tower Bridge 部分中的"The bridge was built in 1886 and opened to the public on June 30, 1894, connecting the north and south areas of London."这座桥建于1886年，并于1894年6月30日向公众开放，连接了伦敦的南北地区。可知建造塔桥花了大约8年的时间，故选A。
【答案】4．A
5．D
6．B
7．C
【知识点】细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Edward Ndiritu为保护当地动物所付出的努力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Worried that they might become extinct, he worked his way up to lead Lewa's anti-hunting team."由于担心它们可能会灭绝，他努力工作，领导了Lewa的反狩猎小组。可知，害怕黑犀牛灭绝促使Edward领导反狩猎队。故选A。
5．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Worried that they might become extinct, he worked his way up to lead Lewa's anti-hunting team. In 2015, his team's community-focused conservation method won him the first Wildlife Ranger Award from conservation charity Tusk."由于担心它们可能会灭绝，他努力工作，领导了Lewa的反狩猎小组。2015年，他的团队以社区为中心的保护方法为他赢得了保护慈善机构Tusk颁发的第一个野生动物护林员奖。可知，Edward Ndiritu被提升为领导。故选D。
6．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Lewa gives agricultural training, medical help, and business support to rural women. This makes locals more likely to report hunting before it happens."Lewa为农村妇女提供农业培训、医疗帮助和商业支持。这使得当地人更有可能在狩猎发生之前报告。可知， Edward 通过提供帮助，比如医疗帮助，得到当地人的支持。故选B。
7．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Only when communities can live in harmony with the animals they see every day will there be a good future for wildlife."只有当社区能够与他们每天看到的动物和谐相处时，野生动物才会有一个美好的未来)"可知，与动物和谐相处的社区对野生动物的未来至关重要。故选C。
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了古埃及人以精心保存记录、记录祈祷、申报和纳税而闻名。科学报告发表的一项新研究表明，这种广泛的文字记载与王国抄写员骨头上的物理标记有关。对此不同人提出了不同的观点。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"This extensive writing has now been linked to physical marks on the bones of the kingdom's scribes, as revealed in a new study published in Scientific Reports."发表在《科学报告》上的一项新研究显示，这种广泛的文字记载与王国抄写员骨头上的物理标记有关。可知，《科学报告》发现了抄写员的骨头上有一些标记。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Many had osteoarthritis in their right collar bone, shoulder, and thumb, likely due to the repetitive movements involved in writing."许多人的右锁骨、肩部和拇指都有osteoarthritis，可能是由于写作时的重复性动作。可知，重复性的动作可能导致疾病，osteoarthritis应是一种与骨头相关的疾病。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Cynthia Wilczak and Danny Wescott, who were not involved in the research, argue that more evidence is necessary." 没有参与这项研究的辛西娅·威尔扎克和丹尼·韦斯科特认为，需要更多的证据。可知，Cynthia Wilczak和 Danny Wescott对这个结论是怀疑的。故选C。
11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"While this study is just the beginning, it offers a unique perspective into the lives of ancient Egyptian scribes and the physical cost their work demanded." 虽然这项研究只是一个开始，但它为古埃及文士的生活及其工作所需的物质成本提供了一个独特的视角。可推知，作者对于Brukner的研究是赞同的。故选D。
【答案】12．C
13．A
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了过度加工食物的特点以及对过度加工食物成瘾的危害。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查段落大意。根据第一段中的"These foods, which are carefully manufactured in industrial factories rather than in the familiar setting of grandma's kitchen, are filled with altered ingredients that are artfully combined to enhance fat, sugar, and salt levels. Moreover, they contain a lots of flavor and sensory enhancers, which render them irresistibly appealing."这些食品是在工业工厂里精心制作的，而不是在我们熟悉的奶奶的厨房里，它们充满了经过改造的成分，这些成分被巧妙地组合在一起，以提高脂肪、糖和盐的含量。此外，它们含有大量的风味和感官增强剂，这使它们具有不可抗拒的吸引力；以及下文中列出的过度加工食品的例子可知，过度加工食品源自于工业工厂，充满了改造成分，含有大量的风味和感观增强剂，可推知，本段主要介绍了过度加工食物的特征。故选C。
13．考查细节理解。根据第二段"Studies have revealed that up to 20 percent of adults and 15 percent of kids and adolescents might exhibit signs of addiction to these foods, a phenomenon that has been recognized for decades as rat studies in the 1980s demonstrated that the brain's reward system is powerfully activated when rats consume certain foods, a reaction similar to that when they self-administer cocaine."研究显示，多达20%的成年人和15%的儿童及青少年可能表现出对这些食物上瘾的迹象，这一现象早在20世纪80年代的大鼠实验中就已被认可，实验表明当大鼠食用某些食物时，其大脑的奖赏系统会被强力激活，这种反应与它们自我注射可卡因时类似。可知，在20世纪80年代对老鼠的研究表明，这种对某些食物激活大脑奖励系统的反应类似于食用可卡因的反应。故选A。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"People will go to great lengths to obtain these foods, and when they are refused, they may experience a series of discomforts such as headaches, fatigue, and irritability(易怒的). A study in 2022 found that ultra-processed foods meet the same addiction criteria as tobacco products."人们会竭尽全力得到这些食物，当他们被拒绝时，他们可能会经历一系列的不适，如头痛、疲劳和易怒(易怒的)。2022年的一项研究发现，超加工食品与烟草产品一样符合成瘾标准。可知，人们尽全力获得超工食物被拒后会经历一系列不适，研究表明超加工食物与烟草产品一样符合成瘾标准，因此，超加工食品会让人们上瘾以及产生不适的感觉。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"High consumption of ultra-processed foods is linked to numerous health problems, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, depression, anxiety, and an increased risk of death."大量食用超加工食品与许多健康问题有关，包括心脏病、2型糖尿病、肥胖、抑郁、焦虑和死亡风险增加。可知，大量食用超加工食品会导致许多健康问题；以及"Treating food addictions remains an open question, but there is hope that people will become more aware of the dangers, just as they did with smoking."治疗食物成瘾仍然是一个悬而未决的问题，但人们有希望更加意识到其危害，就像他们对吸烟所做的那样。可知，作者认为治疗食物成瘾是一个有待解决的问题，但人们有希望意识到超加工食物的危害。故选D。
【答案】16．C；17．B；18．G；19．F；20．A
【知识点】七选五；科普类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了无聊的好处，两项研究发现无聊可以激发创造力，并提出我们应该学会区分好的无聊和糟糕的无聊。备选项的中文意思： A．当然，也有无聊的坏处。 B．无聊的人能想出更多有创意的点子。 C．但如果无聊是一种有意义的经历呢？ D．这些时刻比预期的要宝贵得多。 E．实际上，逃离无聊的方法不胜枚举。 F．我们试图用移动设备来消磨每一刻的无聊时光。 G．当你不满意自己的状态时，你就会去寻找和投入。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。七选五解题的一些实用技巧如下。第一，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨。在开始解题前，快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题，有助于更好地理解和判断每个选项的合适性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是对整段的概括或引入，而段尾句则常常是对该段的总结或结论。因此，关注这些句子有助于我们快速了解段落的主旨，从而更好地选择答案。第三，利用上下文语境和逻辑关系进行推断。在选择答案时，要仔细阅读上下文，寻找与选项相关的线索和信息，如关联词、同义词、反义词等。同时，也要根据逻辑关系进行推断，如因果、转折、并列等，从而确定正确答案。
16．上文提到""I am dying of boredom," complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov's 1897 playUncle Vanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom.(在契诃夫1897年的戏剧《万尼亚叔叔》中，年轻的妻子叶莲娜抱怨道："我无聊得要死。"当然，如果叶莲娜在今天，我们知道她会做什么：拿出她的智能手机，找一些有趣的事情。今天摆脱无聊很容易)"指出人们讨厌无聊，总是想摆脱无聊。C项"But what if boredom is a meaningful experience (但如果无聊是一种有意义的体验呢 )"与上文构成转折关系，引出下文两项研究的新发现：无聊可以激发创造力，同时C项中"boredom is a meaningful experience"与下文中"That"构成指代关系。故选C。
17．上文"In one, researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result (在第一项研究中，研究人员让受试者做一些无聊的事情，比如从电话簿中抄录数字，然后进行创造性思维的测试。结果呢 )"提到一项关于创造性思维的研究并提出问题。B项"Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas.(无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法)"回答问题给出答案，说明在这项研究中无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法，上下文语意连贯。故选B。
18．上文提到"An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state,(焦躁不安的头脑渴望刺激，因此无聊成为一种寻求的状态)"说明无聊会让人寻求新的东西。G项"When not satisfied with your state, you're seeking and engaged.(当你不满足于你的状态时，你就会去寻找和投入)"与上文语意一致，也是中央兰开夏大学的心理学家Sandi Mann的观点，说明无聊会激发人的探索和创新精神。同时下文"kids with "nothing to do" will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever.("无事可做"的孩子们最终会发明一些有趣的游戏来玩——用纸板箱、电灯开关等等)"对此进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G。
19．设空句和下文"This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking.(这可能会让我们暂时缓解无聊，但它会阻止我们更深层次的思考)"都是Mann的观点，根据下文中"This might relieve us temporarily(这或许会让我们暂时放松)"可知，设空句会提到一种暂时缓解无聊的方法。F项"We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices.(我们试图用移动设备打发无聊的每一刻)"中提出我们用移动设备打发无聊，与下文"This"构成指代关系，上下文语意连贯。故选F。
20．下文"The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can't be bothered to do anything.(好的类型激励你看到它（带来的好的）结果。相反，糟糕的类型会让你感到疲惫，让你觉得自己什么都懒得做)"提到两种不同类型的无聊。A项"And there is, of course, bad boredom.(当然，也有糟糕的无聊)"引出下文对两种无聊类型的对比和讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选A。
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．D；24．B；25．C；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．B；30．D；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了责任心强的汤姆为了解决镇上缺少干净水的问题，付出了一系列的努力，最终解决了这个问题。汤姆的故事告诉我们，有决心和积极的态度，普通人也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：虽然汤姆只是一个普通人，但他有一颗善良的心和强烈的责任感。A. famous"出名的"；B. criminal"犯法的"；C. ordinary"普通的"；D. specific"特别的"。根据下文"an ordinary person"可知，虽然汤姆只是一个普通人。故选C。
22．句意：虽然汤姆只是一个普通人，但他有一颗善良的心和强烈的责任感。A. duty"责任"；B. patriotic"爱国的"；C. working"工作"；D. playing"比赛"。根据下文"It messed up their usual activities and was a big threat to their health. Tom, decided to do something. He spent a lot of time, working day and night to find possible solutions."这扰乱了他们的日常活动，对他们的健康构成了很大的威胁。汤姆决定做点什么。他花了很多时间，日以继夜地寻找可能的解决方案。可知，汤姆有责任心。故选A。
23．句意：这个问题对居民的生活有很大的影响。A. government"政府"；B. country"国家"；C. town"镇"；D. residents"居民"。根据上文"The town had a serious shortage of clean water."这个城镇严重缺乏干净的水；以及下文"It messed up their usual activities and was a big threat to their health."这扰乱了他们的日常活动，对他们的健康构成了很大的威胁。可知，缺乏干净的水这个问题对居民的生活有很大的影响。故选D。
24．句意：他联系了不同的组织并请求他们的帮助。A. experienced"经历"；B. contacted"接触"；C. associated"联想"；D. participated"参与"。根据空后"different organizations and asked for their help"可知此处指联系组织寻求帮助。故选B。
25．句意：他周围的许多人认为这是一件无用的事情，并告诉他停止。A. timeless"永恒的"；B. meaningful"有意义的"；C. useless"无用的"；D. illegal"非法的"。根据空后"and told him to stop"可知，许多人认为这是一件无用的事情，并告诉他停止。故选C。
26．句意：他召集了一群人，他们开始了一场运动，让人们知道干净的水是多么重要。A. got together "召集"；B. got along with"和......相处"；C. pieced together"拼凑"；D. got back"返回"。根据空后"a group of people and they started a"可知此处指指他召集了一群人，他们开始了一场运动，故选A。
27．句意：他召集了一群人，他们开始了一场运动，让人们知道干净的水是多么重要。A. meeting"会议"；B. campaign"运动"；C. business"生意"；D. lecture"演讲"。根据后文"to make people know how important clean water is."可知，他们开始了一场运动，让人们知道干净的水是多么重要。故选B。
28．句意：他们在镇上到处散发传单，甚至到每家每户去解释情况。A. complain"抱怨"；B. persuade "说服"；C. explain"解释"；D. argue"认为"。根据空前"They gave out flyers all over the town and even went to every house to"可知，他们散发传单，还到每家每户去解释情况。故选C。
29．句意：镇上各行各业的人都被他们的辛勤工作所鼓舞，开始提供帮助和资源。A. corners"角落"；B. sorts"种类"；C. positions"位置"；D. salaries"薪水"。根据空后"jobs in the town"可知此处指镇上各行各业的人。all sorts of固定短语，"各种各样的"，故选B。
30．句意：镇上各行各业的人都被他们的辛勤工作所鼓舞，开始提供帮助和资源。A. shocked"震惊"；B. overwhelmed"压倒"；C. succeeded"成功"；D. inspired"鼓舞"。根据空后"by their hard work and began to offer their help and resources"可知，镇上的人都被他们的辛勤工作所鼓舞，开始提供帮助和资源。故选D。
31．句意：在整个社区的努力下，一个新的水净化系统终于投入使用了。A. location"位置"；B. transportation"运输"；C. activation"激活"；D. purification"净化"。根据上文"The town had a serious shortage of clean water."这个城镇严重缺乏干净的水)"可知，需要安装新的水净化系统。故选D。
32．句意：镇上现在有了干净安全的水。A. safe"安全的"；B. warm"温暖的"；C. dirty"脏的"；D. tidy"整洁的"。根据上文"a big threat to their health."；以及空前"The town now had clean and"可知，指镇上现在有了干净安全的水。故选A。
33．句意：它表明，即使是一个普通人，如果他们有决心和积极的态度，也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。A. took"带走"；B. showed"展示，表明"；C. posed"引起"；D. wondered"想知道"。根据空后"that even an ordinary person can make a big difference"可知此处指这件事表明即使是一个普通人，也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。故选B。
34．句意：它表明，即使是一个普通人，如果他们有决心和积极的态度，也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。A. life"生活"；B. water"水"；C. society"社会"；D. rural"农村"。根据上文"Tom's action not only solved the water problem but also made the people closer to each other."汤姆的行动不仅解决了水的问题，也拉近了人们彼此之间的距离。可知，汤姆的故事告诉我们，普通人也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。故选C。
35．句意：它表明，即使是一个普通人，如果他们有决心和积极的态度，也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。A. bankrupted"破产的"；B. scheduled"预先安排的"；C. determined"坚定的"；D. kind-minded"善良的"。根据上文"But Tom was very firm in his decision and always positive."但汤姆的决定很坚定，总是很积极)"指有决心和积极的态度，故选C。
【答案】36．was；37．designers；38．inches；39．Operating；40．with；41．earliest；42．developed；43．appeals；44．traditional；45．to
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 中国云锦的相关信息。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，名词，非谓语动词，介词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：它曾经是中国精英的专属。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语once，应用一般过去时。故填was。
37．句意：现在，年轻的时装设计师喜欢它。此处名词designer"设计者"作主语，结合谓语动词like，应用复数形式，故填designers。
38．句意：老工匠一天只能做大约两英寸的布。inch为可数名词，前有数词two修饰，应用复数，故填inches。
39．句意：操作它们需要几十个步骤。此处动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Operating。
40．句意：制作的织物明亮，图案由丝绸、金线和孔雀羽毛纱制成。此处是with的复合结构，构成"with+宾语+过去分词"结构，作状语。故填with。
41．句意：最早的中国云锦来自唐朝。根据句意，此处形容词最高级作定语。故填earliest。
42．句意：不同地区的种类在南京和成都等地发展起来。此处是谓语动词，陈述过去的事实，句子时态应用一般过去时。故填developed。
43．句意：它是文化遗产的骄傲象征，并吸引着老一辈的中国人。此处是谓语动词，结合is可知，本句时态为一般现在时，and连接并列谓语，主语It为单数，谓语用第三人称单数。故填appeals。
44．句意：越来越多的新时装设计师与传统织工合作。weavers为名词，应用形容词修饰，作定语。故填traditional。
45．句意：古老的云锦似乎与中国的未来紧密相连。seem tied to固定短语，"似乎与……紧密相连"，故填to。
46．【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 回信 。写作背景： 你的朋友Lucy因为不能良好处理和父母之间的关系而感到烦恼，向你写信求助 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 进行安慰；2. 提出建议。考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
47．【答案】 Then his brother told their parents. Jon's heart sank as he saw his parents' faces. He expected them to be angry or disappointed, but instead, they exchanged knowing looks and smiled. "Jon, it's okay," his mother said gently. His father added, "We all make mistakes. It's part of the fun and memories we create together." Jon felt a bit better, but he still worried about the family photo. His mother reassured him, "We'll figure something out. Don't worry."
Then came the next morning. Jon's mother said, "Before we take the Christmas photo, I have a special gift for someone." She handed Jon a neatly wrapped package. Jon opened it to find a pair of pajamas with a fun, festive pattern. "I found these in the attic last night," his mother explained. "They were your grandfather's, and I think they'll fit you perfectly." Jon's eyes lit up with joy and gratitude. He quickly put on the pajamas and joined his family in front of the tree. As they posed for the photo, Jon realized that Christmas wasn't about perfection or traditions; it was about being together and making memories.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Jon在叔叔家过圣诞节，每年都会忘记带东西，今年圣诞节Jon和他的家人又来到他叔叔的别墅，结果他忘记带睡衣来了，他们家有每年在圣诞树前都穿着睡衣拍照的习俗，Jon想在哥哥的行李里找睡衣，哥哥发现后向父母告状。段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容"随后，他的哥哥告知了他们的父母。"可知，第一段可描写Jon本以为父母会生气，然而父母却安慰Jon，说每个人都会犯错，Jon仍担心穿睡衣拍照的事，妈妈安慰他会有办法的。
②由第二段首句内容"第二天早上来了。乔恩的妈妈说：‘在我们拍圣诞照片之前，我有一份特别的礼物要送给某人。'"可知，第二段可描写妈妈找到祖父的一件睡衣送给Jon，Jon喜悦又感激，穿上睡衣和家人一起在圣诞树前拍照，感悟到圣诞节的真正意义。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Jon's heart sank as he saw his parents' faces.运用了时间状语从句； He expected them to be angry or disappointed, but instead, they exchanged knowing looks and smiled. 运用了转折并列句； It's part of the fun and memories we create together.运用了限制性定语从句； Jon felt a bit better, but he still worried about the family photo. 运用了转折并列句； Don't worry.运用了祈使句； Jon opened it to find a pair of pajamas with a fun, festive pattern. 运用了不定式作目的状语；They were your grandfather's, and I think they'll fit you perfectly.运用了并列句，宾语从句；As they posed for the photo, Jon realized that Christmas wasn't about perfection or traditions运用了时间状语从句，宾语从句。
1 / 1河北省部分地区2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
If you want to travel around London, this introduction may let you have a good journey during your travelling time.
Tower Bridge
Tower Bridge is a bascule(悬索) bridge in London, UK. It crosses the River Thames and is named because it's near the Tower of London. It's the first bridge from the mouth of the Thames (there are 15 bridges on the river). It's also a symbol of London. The bridge was built in 1886 and opened to the public on June 30, 1894, connecting the north and south areas of London.
St. Paul's Cathedral
St. Paul's Cathedral is a landmark in London and the largest church in the UK. Known for its milky-white Baroque tower top, it's a great place to view London. After the 1666 fire, it was redesigned by Christopher Wren and took 35 years to complete. The interior is magnificent. There's a Whispering Gallery and many famous tombstones. It's a representative of British classical architecture.
Big Ben
Big Ben, a London landmark in the Parliament clock tower by the Thames, has kept time since 1859. A must-photo spot, it's grand and complex. After renovation, it's still a British pride and cultural symbol. People gather here on New Year's for fireworks.
1．What is the main characteristic of St. Paul's Cathedral
A．It's a symbol of London. B．It's Whispering Gallery.
C．It's unique tower top. D．It's magnificent inner.
2．If Lily wants to take a photo, which palaces may be the best choice
A．Tower Bridge B．Big Ben
C．St. Paul's Cathedral D．All above
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage
A．It costs about 8 years to build the Tower Bridge.
B．It costs about 35 years to build the St. Paul's Cathedral.
C．People will gather at the Big Ben for the renovation.
D．St. Paul's Cathedral was ruined by the fire in 1666.
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了伦敦三个旅游景点。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据St. Paul's Cathedral部分中的"Known for its milky-white Baroque tower top, it's a great place to view London."它以乳白色的巴洛克式塔顶而闻名，是观赏伦敦的好地方。可知，圣保罗大教堂的主要特点是独特的塔顶。故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据Big Ben部分中的"A must-photo spot, it's grand and complex."一个必拍照的景点，它宏伟而复杂。可知，如果莉莉想拍照，大本钟可能是最好的选择。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据Tower Bridge 部分中的"The bridge was built in 1886 and opened to the public on June 30, 1894, connecting the north and south areas of London."这座桥建于1886年，并于1894年6月30日向公众开放，连接了伦敦的南北地区。可知建造塔桥花了大约8年的时间，故选A。
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Edward Ndiritu joined Lewa Wildlife Reserve in central Kenya in 1996 as a rhino monitor. Back then, illegal hunting had greatly reduced the country's black rhino population. Worried that they might become extinct, he worked his way up to lead Lewa's anti-hunting team. In 2015, his team's community-focused conservation method won him the first Wildlife Ranger Award from conservation charity Tusk.
He grew up in a village between Mount Kenya and the Aberdare Forest, which was once a wildlife route for migrating elephants and black rhinos. He saw them disappear gradually. He realized that hunting and the disruptive actions of the community were the reasons. The demand for rhino horn(角), which is very valuable in Asia, drives hunters. They are part of a big and rich crime network. There are people who help them by giving them equipment. In 2011 and 2012, Lewa had many difficulties. They lost rhinos. It was found that those involved in hunting were also linked to human smuggling(走私) and other illegal activities.
The hunting challenge has changed. Hunters now have networks, get information from the local community, and use technology like phones and motorbikes. Edward's team has adapted by using cameras, sensors, trackers, and a system that tells them when and where hunting might happen. They also work closely with the community, which is now the first
line of defense. Lewa gives agricultural training, medical help, and business support to rural women. This makes locals more likely to report hunting before it happens.
To be a good forest guard, one needs to be honest, tough, and motivated. Edward now knows that making sure the forest guards are happy and well is very important. He is hopeful about wildlife conservation in Lewa. Funding is a problem, but organizations like Tusk are helping. Conservation is about people. Looking after those outside the reserve is necessary for the future of wildlife. Only when communities can live in harmony with the animals they see every day will there be a good future for wildlife.
4．What motivated Edward to lead the anti-hunting team
A．Fear of extinction. B．Love for animals.
C．Desire for awards. D．Pressure from community.
5．What can we learn about Edward Ndiritu from the first two paragraphs
A．He hunted the rhino before 1996.
B．He grew up in the forest.
C．He had won an award in 1996.
D．He had promoted to be the leader.
6．How did Edward get support from the locals
A．By using technologies like networks.
B．By offering help like medical help.
C．By using tools like sensors and trackers.
D．By working closely with locals.
7．What is crucial for the future of wildlife according to the passage
A．More forest guards.
B．Strong laws.
C．Community living in harmony with animals.
D．Increased funding.
【答案】4．A
5．D
6．B
7．C
【知识点】细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Edward Ndiritu为保护当地动物所付出的努力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Worried that they might become extinct, he worked his way up to lead Lewa's anti-hunting team."由于担心它们可能会灭绝，他努力工作，领导了Lewa的反狩猎小组。可知，害怕黑犀牛灭绝促使Edward领导反狩猎队。故选A。
5．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Worried that they might become extinct, he worked his way up to lead Lewa's anti-hunting team. In 2015, his team's community-focused conservation method won him the first Wildlife Ranger Award from conservation charity Tusk."由于担心它们可能会灭绝，他努力工作，领导了Lewa的反狩猎小组。2015年，他的团队以社区为中心的保护方法为他赢得了保护慈善机构Tusk颁发的第一个野生动物护林员奖。可知，Edward Ndiritu被提升为领导。故选D。
6．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Lewa gives agricultural training, medical help, and business support to rural women. This makes locals more likely to report hunting before it happens."Lewa为农村妇女提供农业培训、医疗帮助和商业支持。这使得当地人更有可能在狩猎发生之前报告。可知， Edward 通过提供帮助，比如医疗帮助，得到当地人的支持。故选B。
7．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Only when communities can live in harmony with the animals they see every day will there be a good future for wildlife."只有当社区能够与他们每天看到的动物和谐相处时，野生动物才会有一个美好的未来)"可知，与动物和谐相处的社区对野生动物的未来至关重要。故选C。
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The ancient Egyptians were known for their carefully record-keeping, documenting prayers, declarations, and taxes. This extensive writing has now been linked to physical marks on the bones of the kingdom's scribes, as revealed in a new study published in Scientific Reports.
The study focused on the bones of 69 adult men buried between 2,700 and 2,180 B.C. at Abusir. The researchers identified 30 of these individuals as either professional scribes or high-status officials who needed language skills for their work. These scribes exhibited specific physical characteristics related to their occupation. Many had osteoarthritis in their right collar bone, shoulder, and thumb, likely due to the repetitive movements involved in writing. Their ankle and leg bones were flat from sitting cross-legged for extended periods, and they also showed signs of spinal(脊柱) osteoarthritis, possibly from looking up to listen and then bending over to write on papers.
An fascinating finding was the prevalence of jaw joint issues among the scribes, which
the researchers speculate might be associated with chewing on reed(芦苇) pens. The ink for these pens was typically black from soot(烟灰) or red from iron for important documents.
However, not all scholars are convinced by the study's conclusions. Cynthia Wilczak and Danny Wescott, who were not involved in the research, argue that more evidence is necessary. Only six of the 30 bones were confirmed to be scribes based on their titles, while the rest were identified based on their tomb locations and social status. Additionally, there is no dental evidence to support the theory that the scribes chewed on pens.
Despite these criticisms, Brukner Havelková and her team aim to expand their research by examining scribe remains from other locations to confirm their findings. While this study is just the beginning, it offers a unique perspective into the lives of ancient Egyptian scribes and the physical cost their work demanded.
8．What does Scientific Reportsfound
A．Ancient Egyptians are fond of recording.
B．The scribe's bone has some marks.
C．The Ancient Egyptian's documents.
D．The bones of Kingdom's scribes.
9．What may best explain the underlined word "osteoarthritis"
A．It's a kind of disease.
B．It's a kind of bone.
C．It's some substances in the bone.
D．It's a clothes without collar.
10．How does Cynthia and Danny think of the conclusion
A．They think it's evident. B．They think it's critical.
C．They think it's skeptical. D．They think it's crucial.
11．What's the writer's attitude towards Brukner's research
A．Negative B．Neutral C．Doubtful D．Approval
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了古埃及人以精心保存记录、记录祈祷、申报和纳税而闻名。科学报告发表的一项新研究表明，这种广泛的文字记载与王国抄写员骨头上的物理标记有关。对此不同人提出了不同的观点。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"This extensive writing has now been linked to physical marks on the bones of the kingdom's scribes, as revealed in a new study published in Scientific Reports."发表在《科学报告》上的一项新研究显示，这种广泛的文字记载与王国抄写员骨头上的物理标记有关。可知，《科学报告》发现了抄写员的骨头上有一些标记。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Many had osteoarthritis in their right collar bone, shoulder, and thumb, likely due to the repetitive movements involved in writing."许多人的右锁骨、肩部和拇指都有osteoarthritis，可能是由于写作时的重复性动作。可知，重复性的动作可能导致疾病，osteoarthritis应是一种与骨头相关的疾病。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Cynthia Wilczak and Danny Wescott, who were not involved in the research, argue that more evidence is necessary." 没有参与这项研究的辛西娅·威尔扎克和丹尼·韦斯科特认为，需要更多的证据。可知，Cynthia Wilczak和 Danny Wescott对这个结论是怀疑的。故选C。
11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"While this study is just the beginning, it offers a unique perspective into the lives of ancient Egyptian scribes and the physical cost their work demanded." 虽然这项研究只是一个开始，但它为古埃及文士的生活及其工作所需的物质成本提供了一个独特的视角。可推知，作者对于Brukner的研究是赞同的。故选D。
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There is increasing evidence suggesting that ultra-processed food addiction is indeed a significant issue. These foods, which are carefully manufactured in industrial factories rather than in the familiar setting of grandma's kitchen, are filled with altered ingredients that are artfully combined to enhance fat, sugar, and salt levels. Moreover, they contain a lots of flavor and sensory enhancers, which render them irresistibly appealing. Examples of ultra-processed foods range from packaged snacks to fast food and mass-produced desserts. In fact, they account for nearly 60 percent of the calories consumed in the United States.
Studies have revealed that up to 20 percent of adults and 15 percent of kids and adolescents might exhibit signs of addiction to these foods, a phenomenon that has been recognized for decades as rat studies in the 1980s demonstrated that the brain's reward system is powerfully activated when rats consume certain foods, a reaction similar to that when they self-administer cocaine.
In recent years, as the obesity rate in America has soared to 42 percent, especially among Black and Hispanic populations, scientists have been devoting increased attention to the impact of ultra-processed food addiction. These foods not only activate the brain's reward system but also may involve the gut-microbiology. Symptoms of craving and withdrawal are clearly evident with ultra-processed foods. People will go to great lengths to obtain these foods, and when they are refused, they may experience a series of discomforts such as headaches, fatigue, and irritability(易怒的). A study in 2022 found that ultra-processed foods meet the same addiction criteria as tobacco products.
High consumption of ultra-processed foods is linked to numerous health problems, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, depression, anxiety, and an increased risk of death. Thin people can also be addicted, perhaps burning off the extra calories through exercise or having a genetic predisposition(易患病体质) not to gain weight easily. Food companies argue against denying these foods, but experts advocate for clear nutritional labels and restrictions on marketing to children. Treating food addictions remains an open question, but there is hope that people will become more aware of the dangers, just as they did with smoking.
12．What is paragraph 1 of the text mainly about
A．The ultra-processed food's calorie.
B．The ultra-processed food's production.
C．The ultra-processed food's feature.
D．The ultra-processed food's popularity.
13．What has the rat study found about ultra-processed food in 1980s
A．It works like cocaine. B．It will reward the brain.
C．It has powerful addiction. D．It is same as cocaine.
14．Which is the disadvantage of ultra-processed food according to this text
A．It has much more calories than any other foods.
B．It will make you addicted and feel uncomfortable.
C．It will make those who is genetic predisposition ill.
D．It will burn out all your calories in your body.
15．What's the writer's opinion about the ultra-processed food in the future
A．It must be resolved someday.
B．It will automatically disappear.
C．It is a dangerous question.
D．It is a question to be resolved.
【答案】12．C
13．A
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了过度加工食物的特点以及对过度加工食物成瘾的危害。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查段落大意。根据第一段中的"These foods, which are carefully manufactured in industrial factories rather than in the familiar setting of grandma's kitchen, are filled with altered ingredients that are artfully combined to enhance fat, sugar, and salt levels. Moreover, they contain a lots of flavor and sensory enhancers, which render them irresistibly appealing."这些食品是在工业工厂里精心制作的，而不是在我们熟悉的奶奶的厨房里，它们充满了经过改造的成分，这些成分被巧妙地组合在一起，以提高脂肪、糖和盐的含量。此外，它们含有大量的风味和感官增强剂，这使它们具有不可抗拒的吸引力；以及下文中列出的过度加工食品的例子可知，过度加工食品源自于工业工厂，充满了改造成分，含有大量的风味和感观增强剂，可推知，本段主要介绍了过度加工食物的特征。故选C。
13．考查细节理解。根据第二段"Studies have revealed that up to 20 percent of adults and 15 percent of kids and adolescents might exhibit signs of addiction to these foods, a phenomenon that has been recognized for decades as rat studies in the 1980s demonstrated that the brain's reward system is powerfully activated when rats consume certain foods, a reaction similar to that when they self-administer cocaine."研究显示，多达20%的成年人和15%的儿童及青少年可能表现出对这些食物上瘾的迹象，这一现象早在20世纪80年代的大鼠实验中就已被认可，实验表明当大鼠食用某些食物时，其大脑的奖赏系统会被强力激活，这种反应与它们自我注射可卡因时类似。可知，在20世纪80年代对老鼠的研究表明，这种对某些食物激活大脑奖励系统的反应类似于食用可卡因的反应。故选A。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"People will go to great lengths to obtain these foods, and when they are refused, they may experience a series of discomforts such as headaches, fatigue, and irritability(易怒的). A study in 2022 found that ultra-processed foods meet the same addiction criteria as tobacco products."人们会竭尽全力得到这些食物，当他们被拒绝时，他们可能会经历一系列的不适，如头痛、疲劳和易怒(易怒的)。2022年的一项研究发现，超加工食品与烟草产品一样符合成瘾标准。可知，人们尽全力获得超工食物被拒后会经历一系列不适，研究表明超加工食物与烟草产品一样符合成瘾标准，因此，超加工食品会让人们上瘾以及产生不适的感觉。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"High consumption of ultra-processed foods is linked to numerous health problems, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, depression, anxiety, and an increased risk of death."大量食用超加工食品与许多健康问题有关，包括心脏病、2型糖尿病、肥胖、抑郁、焦虑和死亡风险增加。可知，大量食用超加工食品会导致许多健康问题；以及"Treating food addictions remains an open question, but there is hope that people will become more aware of the dangers, just as they did with smoking."治疗食物成瘾仍然是一个悬而未决的问题，但人们有希望更加意识到其危害，就像他们对吸烟所做的那样。可知，作者认为治疗食物成瘾是一个有待解决的问题，但人们有希望意识到超加工食物的危害。故选D。
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sometimes, it's good to be bored
"I am dying of boredom," complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov's 1897 play UncleVanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom. 16．
That is the finding of two fascinating recent studies. In one, researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result 17． In the second study, subjects gave more answers to a word test than a non-bored control group after being forced to watch a dull screensaver.
"An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state," says Sandi Mann, the psychologist at the University of Central Lancashire. " 18． " Parents will tell you that kids with "nothing to do" will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever.
The problem, the researchers worry, is that these days we don't struggle to overcome these slow moments. " 19． " Mann says. "This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking." So here is an idea: Instead of always avoiding boredom, embrace and face it. Sometimes, anyway. Mann has found she gets some of her best thinking done when she is driving her car and therefore can't be distracted by her phone.
20． The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can't be bothered to do anything. An important part of our modern task, then, is learning to evaluate these different types of boredom — to distinguish the useful kind from the harmful one.
A．And there is, of course, bad boredom.
B．Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas.
C．But what if boredom is a meaningful experience
D．These moments are a lot more valuable than expected.
E．Actually, tips on getting away from boredom are countless.
F．We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices.
G．When not satisfied with your state, you're seeking and engaged.
【答案】16．C；17．B；18．G；19．F；20．A
【知识点】七选五；科普类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了无聊的好处，两项研究发现无聊可以激发创造力，并提出我们应该学会区分好的无聊和糟糕的无聊。备选项的中文意思： A．当然，也有无聊的坏处。 B．无聊的人能想出更多有创意的点子。 C．但如果无聊是一种有意义的经历呢？ D．这些时刻比预期的要宝贵得多。 E．实际上，逃离无聊的方法不胜枚举。 F．我们试图用移动设备来消磨每一刻的无聊时光。 G．当你不满意自己的状态时，你就会去寻找和投入。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。七选五解题的一些实用技巧如下。第一，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨。在开始解题前，快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题，有助于更好地理解和判断每个选项的合适性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是对整段的概括或引入，而段尾句则常常是对该段的总结或结论。因此，关注这些句子有助于我们快速了解段落的主旨，从而更好地选择答案。第三，利用上下文语境和逻辑关系进行推断。在选择答案时，要仔细阅读上下文，寻找与选项相关的线索和信息，如关联词、同义词、反义词等。同时，也要根据逻辑关系进行推断，如因果、转折、并列等，从而确定正确答案。
16．上文提到""I am dying of boredom," complains the young wife Yelena in Chekhov's 1897 playUncle Vanya. Of course, if Yelena were around today, we know what she would do: pull out her smartphone and find something fun. Today it is easy to get rid of boredom.(在契诃夫1897年的戏剧《万尼亚叔叔》中，年轻的妻子叶莲娜抱怨道："我无聊得要死。"当然，如果叶莲娜在今天，我们知道她会做什么：拿出她的智能手机，找一些有趣的事情。今天摆脱无聊很容易)"指出人们讨厌无聊，总是想摆脱无聊。C项"But what if boredom is a meaningful experience (但如果无聊是一种有意义的体验呢 )"与上文构成转折关系，引出下文两项研究的新发现：无聊可以激发创造力，同时C项中"boredom is a meaningful experience"与下文中"That"构成指代关系。故选C。
17．上文"In one, researchers asked subjects to do something boring, like copying out numbers from a phone book, and then take tests of creative thinkings. The result (在第一项研究中，研究人员让受试者做一些无聊的事情，比如从电话簿中抄录数字，然后进行创造性思维的测试。结果呢 )"提到一项关于创造性思维的研究并提出问题。B项"Bored subjects came up with more creative ideas.(无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法)"回答问题给出答案，说明在这项研究中无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法，上下文语意连贯。故选B。
18．上文提到"An restless mind hungers for stimulation, so boredom becomes a seeking state,(焦躁不安的头脑渴望刺激，因此无聊成为一种寻求的状态)"说明无聊会让人寻求新的东西。G项"When not satisfied with your state, you're seeking and engaged.(当你不满足于你的状态时，你就会去寻找和投入)"与上文语意一致，也是中央兰开夏大学的心理学家Sandi Mann的观点，说明无聊会激发人的探索和创新精神。同时下文"kids with "nothing to do" will eventually invent some fun games to play — with a cardboard box, a light switch, whatever.("无事可做"的孩子们最终会发明一些有趣的游戏来玩——用纸板箱、电灯开关等等)"对此进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G。
19．设空句和下文"This might relieve us temporarily, but it shuts down the deeper thinking.(这可能会让我们暂时缓解无聊，但它会阻止我们更深层次的思考)"都是Mann的观点，根据下文中"This might relieve us temporarily(这或许会让我们暂时放松)"可知，设空句会提到一种暂时缓解无聊的方法。F项"We try to kill every moment of boredom with mobile devices.(我们试图用移动设备打发无聊的每一刻)"中提出我们用移动设备打发无聊，与下文"This"构成指代关系，上下文语意连贯。故选F。
20．下文"The good type inspires you to see what can come of it. The bad type, in contrast, tires you and makes you feel like you can't be bothered to do anything.(好的类型激励你看到它（带来的好的）结果。相反，糟糕的类型会让你感到疲惫，让你觉得自己什么都懒得做)"提到两种不同类型的无聊。A项"And there is, of course, bad boredom.(当然，也有糟糕的无聊)"引出下文对两种无聊类型的对比和讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选A。
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In a small town, there was a young man named Tom. Although he was just a(n) 21． person, Tom had a very kind heart and a strong sense of 22． . The town had a serious shortage of clean water. This problem had a big influence on the 23． . It messed up their usual activities and was a big threat to their health.
Tom, decided to do something. He spent a lot of time, working day and night to find possible solutions. He 24． different organizations and asked for their help. Many people around him thought it was a 25． thing and told him to stop. But Tom was very firm in his decision and always positive.
He 26． a group of people and they started a 27． to make people know how important clean water is. They gave out flyers all over the town and even went to every house to 28． the situation. Their efforts slowly started to work. People from all 29． of jobs in the town were 30． by their hard work and began to offer their help and resources.
With the efforts of the whole community, a new water 31． system was finally put in. The town now had clean and 32． water. Tom's action not only solved the water problem but also made the people closer to each other. It 33． that even an ordinary person can make a big difference in 34． if they are 35． and have a positive attitude.
21．A． famous B． criminal C． ordinary D． specific
22．A． duty B． patriotic C． working D． playing
23．A． government B． country C． town D． residents
24．A． experienced B． contacted C． associated D． participated
25．A． timeless B． meaningful C． useless D． illegal
26．A． got together B． got along with
C． pieced together D． got back
27．A． meeting B． campaign C． business D． lecture
28．A． complain B． persuade C． explain D． argue
29．A． corners B． sorts C． positions D． salaries
30．A． shocked B． overwhelmed C． succeeded D． inspired
31．A． location B． transportation
C． activation D． purification
32．A． safe B． warm C． dirty D． tidy
33．A． took B． showed C． posed D． wondered
34．A． life B． water C． society D． rural
35．A． bankrupted B． scheduled C． determined D． kind-minded
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．D；24．B；25．C；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．B；30．D；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了责任心强的汤姆为了解决镇上缺少干净水的问题，付出了一系列的努力，最终解决了这个问题。汤姆的故事告诉我们，有决心和积极的态度，普通人也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：虽然汤姆只是一个普通人，但他有一颗善良的心和强烈的责任感。A. famous"出名的"；B. criminal"犯法的"；C. ordinary"普通的"；D. specific"特别的"。根据下文"an ordinary person"可知，虽然汤姆只是一个普通人。故选C。
22．句意：虽然汤姆只是一个普通人，但他有一颗善良的心和强烈的责任感。A. duty"责任"；B. patriotic"爱国的"；C. working"工作"；D. playing"比赛"。根据下文"It messed up their usual activities and was a big threat to their health. Tom, decided to do something. He spent a lot of time, working day and night to find possible solutions."这扰乱了他们的日常活动，对他们的健康构成了很大的威胁。汤姆决定做点什么。他花了很多时间，日以继夜地寻找可能的解决方案。可知，汤姆有责任心。故选A。
23．句意：这个问题对居民的生活有很大的影响。A. government"政府"；B. country"国家"；C. town"镇"；D. residents"居民"。根据上文"The town had a serious shortage of clean water."这个城镇严重缺乏干净的水；以及下文"It messed up their usual activities and was a big threat to their health."这扰乱了他们的日常活动，对他们的健康构成了很大的威胁。可知，缺乏干净的水这个问题对居民的生活有很大的影响。故选D。
24．句意：他联系了不同的组织并请求他们的帮助。A. experienced"经历"；B. contacted"接触"；C. associated"联想"；D. participated"参与"。根据空后"different organizations and asked for their help"可知此处指联系组织寻求帮助。故选B。
25．句意：他周围的许多人认为这是一件无用的事情，并告诉他停止。A. timeless"永恒的"；B. meaningful"有意义的"；C. useless"无用的"；D. illegal"非法的"。根据空后"and told him to stop"可知，许多人认为这是一件无用的事情，并告诉他停止。故选C。
26．句意：他召集了一群人，他们开始了一场运动，让人们知道干净的水是多么重要。A. got together "召集"；B. got along with"和......相处"；C. pieced together"拼凑"；D. got back"返回"。根据空后"a group of people and they started a"可知此处指指他召集了一群人，他们开始了一场运动，故选A。
27．句意：他召集了一群人，他们开始了一场运动，让人们知道干净的水是多么重要。A. meeting"会议"；B. campaign"运动"；C. business"生意"；D. lecture"演讲"。根据后文"to make people know how important clean water is."可知，他们开始了一场运动，让人们知道干净的水是多么重要。故选B。
28．句意：他们在镇上到处散发传单，甚至到每家每户去解释情况。A. complain"抱怨"；B. persuade "说服"；C. explain"解释"；D. argue"认为"。根据空前"They gave out flyers all over the town and even went to every house to"可知，他们散发传单，还到每家每户去解释情况。故选C。
29．句意：镇上各行各业的人都被他们的辛勤工作所鼓舞，开始提供帮助和资源。A. corners"角落"；B. sorts"种类"；C. positions"位置"；D. salaries"薪水"。根据空后"jobs in the town"可知此处指镇上各行各业的人。all sorts of固定短语，"各种各样的"，故选B。
30．句意：镇上各行各业的人都被他们的辛勤工作所鼓舞，开始提供帮助和资源。A. shocked"震惊"；B. overwhelmed"压倒"；C. succeeded"成功"；D. inspired"鼓舞"。根据空后"by their hard work and began to offer their help and resources"可知，镇上的人都被他们的辛勤工作所鼓舞，开始提供帮助和资源。故选D。
31．句意：在整个社区的努力下，一个新的水净化系统终于投入使用了。A. location"位置"；B. transportation"运输"；C. activation"激活"；D. purification"净化"。根据上文"The town had a serious shortage of clean water."这个城镇严重缺乏干净的水)"可知，需要安装新的水净化系统。故选D。
32．句意：镇上现在有了干净安全的水。A. safe"安全的"；B. warm"温暖的"；C. dirty"脏的"；D. tidy"整洁的"。根据上文"a big threat to their health."；以及空前"The town now had clean and"可知，指镇上现在有了干净安全的水。故选A。
33．句意：它表明，即使是一个普通人，如果他们有决心和积极的态度，也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。A. took"带走"；B. showed"展示，表明"；C. posed"引起"；D. wondered"想知道"。根据空后"that even an ordinary person can make a big difference"可知此处指这件事表明即使是一个普通人，也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。故选B。
34．句意：它表明，即使是一个普通人，如果他们有决心和积极的态度，也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。A. life"生活"；B. water"水"；C. society"社会"；D. rural"农村"。根据上文"Tom's action not only solved the water problem but also made the people closer to each other."汤姆的行动不仅解决了水的问题，也拉近了人们彼此之间的距离。可知，汤姆的故事告诉我们，普通人也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。故选C。
35．句意：它表明，即使是一个普通人，如果他们有决心和积极的态度，也可以在社会上产生很大的影响。A. bankrupted"破产的"；B. scheduled"预先安排的"；C. determined"坚定的"；D. kind-minded"善良的"。根据上文"But Tom was very firm in his decision and always positive."但汤姆的决定很坚定，总是很积极)"指有决心和积极的态度，故选C。
（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese brocade(云锦) has a history of 1,300 years. It 36． (be) once for the Chinese elite. Now, young fashion 37． (design) like it. Things like flames, beasts, weapons, and stars decorate the brocade. Flowers are a common pattern, like in a silk piece from the middle of the 18th century.
This art is very complex. Old craftsmen can only make about two 38． (inch) of cloth a day. Traditional looms are 18 feet long and have thousands of parts. 39． (Operate) them needs dozens of steps. Artisans sing songs to remember the process. The made fabric is bright, 40． patterns made of silk, gold, and peacock-feather yarn.
The 41． (early) Chinese brocade is from the Tang Dynasty. Different regional kinds 42． (develop) in places like Nanjing and Chengdu. Silk museums there let tourists buy real brocade scarves and bags. Factories can't copy this complex fabric. It can only be made on traditional looms. It is a proud symbol of cultural heritage and 43． (appeal) to older Chinese people. More and more new fashion designers are working with 44． (tradition) weavers. Designer Chen Liwen launched a series of scarves and accessories for Gen Z consumers last year with the hu bu tiger pattern. Ancient brocade seems closely tied 45． China's future.
【答案】36．was；37．designers；38．inches；39．Operating；40．with；41．earliest；42．developed；43．appeals；44．traditional；45．to
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 中国云锦的相关信息。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，名词，非谓语动词，介词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：它曾经是中国精英的专属。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语once，应用一般过去时。故填was。
37．句意：现在，年轻的时装设计师喜欢它。此处名词designer"设计者"作主语，结合谓语动词like，应用复数形式，故填designers。
38．句意：老工匠一天只能做大约两英寸的布。inch为可数名词，前有数词two修饰，应用复数，故填inches。
39．句意：操作它们需要几十个步骤。此处动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Operating。
40．句意：制作的织物明亮，图案由丝绸、金线和孔雀羽毛纱制成。此处是with的复合结构，构成"with+宾语+过去分词"结构，作状语。故填with。
41．句意：最早的中国云锦来自唐朝。根据句意，此处形容词最高级作定语。故填earliest。
42．句意：不同地区的种类在南京和成都等地发展起来。此处是谓语动词，陈述过去的事实，句子时态应用一般过去时。故填developed。
43．句意：它是文化遗产的骄傲象征，并吸引着老一辈的中国人。此处是谓语动词，结合is可知，本句时态为一般现在时，and连接并列谓语，主语It为单数，谓语用第三人称单数。故填appeals。
44．句意：越来越多的新时装设计师与传统织工合作。weavers为名词，应用形容词修饰，作定语。故填traditional。
45．句意：古老的云锦似乎与中国的未来紧密相连。seem tied to固定短语，"似乎与……紧密相连"，故填to。
46．（2024高三上·河北开学考） 假定你是李华，你的朋友Lucy因为不能良好处理和父母之间的关系而感到烦恼，向你写信求助，请你给她回信，内容包括：
1. 进行安慰；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Lucy,
I'm Li Hua,
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 回信 。写作背景： 你的朋友Lucy因为不能良好处理和父母之间的关系而感到烦恼，向你写信求助 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 进行安慰；2. 提出建议。考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
47．（2024高三上·河北开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jon's Pajama Problem
Oh no, he had done it again. He'd forgotten something important. Last year on their family trip to his uncle's cottage for Christmas, he had forgotten the bag with the toiletries (洗漱用品) in it. Neither he nor his brother had toothbrushes or toothpaste or shampoo. He'd had to borrow from his cousins who were not thrilled to share, and Jon was not too thrilled that his hair smelled like strawberries all week.
The year before, Jon had left the marshmallows and graham crackers at home, so they had no mores for the evening fire and annual reading of "The Night Before Christmas". They had to nibble on (小口咬) some stale (不新鲜的) crackers instead. His cousins still teased him about that.
And now, Jon couldn't believe he had forgotten to pack his pajamas. At home, that wouldn't really be a problem: he had extra pajamas. But at the cottage, there were photographs dating back for years and years of Jon's family on Christmas morning in front of the tree in their pajamas. Jon was feeling awful. He would be the first one to break the family tradition ever. Would he ruin Christmas for everyone What could he do
He didn't want to tell his parents. He went looking around the cottage, and found an old T- shirt. That could work. He tried putting it on, but it was too small. He tried to stretch it, but it must have been washed 100 times, and it ripped when he pulled on it.
At this point, Jon was getting desperate. He snuck into his brother's luggage, trying to find some spare pajamas, only to find himself in trouble when his older brother caught him and yelled. His brother hated it when Jon messed with his stuff.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then his brother told their parents.
Then came the next morning. Jon's mother said. "Before we take the Christmas photo, I have a special gift for someone."
【答案】 Then his brother told their parents. Jon's heart sank as he saw his parents' faces. He expected them to be angry or disappointed, but instead, they exchanged knowing looks and smiled. "Jon, it's okay," his mother said gently. His father added, "We all make mistakes. It's part of the fun and memories we create together." Jon felt a bit better, but he still worried about the family photo. His mother reassured him, "We'll figure something out. Don't worry."
Then came the next morning. Jon's mother said, "Before we take the Christmas photo, I have a special gift for someone." She handed Jon a neatly wrapped package. Jon opened it to find a pair of pajamas with a fun, festive pattern. "I found these in the attic last night," his mother explained. "They were your grandfather's, and I think they'll fit you perfectly." Jon's eyes lit up with joy and gratitude. He quickly put on the pajamas and joined his family in front of the tree. As they posed for the photo, Jon realized that Christmas wasn't about perfection or traditions; it was about being together and making memories.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Jon在叔叔家过圣诞节，每年都会忘记带东西，今年圣诞节Jon和他的家人又来到他叔叔的别墅，结果他忘记带睡衣来了，他们家有每年在圣诞树前都穿着睡衣拍照的习俗，Jon想在哥哥的行李里找睡衣，哥哥发现后向父母告状。段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容"随后，他的哥哥告知了他们的父母。"可知，第一段可描写Jon本以为父母会生气，然而父母却安慰Jon，说每个人都会犯错，Jon仍担心穿睡衣拍照的事，妈妈安慰他会有办法的。
②由第二段首句内容"第二天早上来了。乔恩的妈妈说：‘在我们拍圣诞照片之前，我有一份特别的礼物要送给某人。'"可知，第二段可描写妈妈找到祖父的一件睡衣送给Jon，Jon喜悦又感激，穿上睡衣和家人一起在圣诞树前拍照，感悟到圣诞节的真正意义。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Jon's heart sank as he saw his parents' faces.运用了时间状语从句； He expected them to be angry or disappointed, but instead, they exchanged knowing looks and smiled. 运用了转折并列句； It's part of the fun and memories we create together.运用了限制性定语从句； Jon felt a bit better, but he still worried about the family photo. 运用了转折并列句； Don't worry.运用了祈使句； Jon opened it to find a pair of pajamas with a fun, festive pattern. 运用了不定式作目的状语；They were your grandfather's, and I think they'll fit you perfectly.运用了并列句，宾语从句；As they posed for the photo, Jon realized that Christmas wasn't about perfection or traditions运用了时间状语从句，宾语从句。
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