专题2 介词 2025年中考英语总复习专题训练（安徽专版）（含解析）

专题二 介词
【图解语法】
【真题荟萃】
单项填空
( )1.(2023·安徽)Do whatever you can for the community, 　　　　looking after the old or teaching kids art.
A.with B.under
C.like D.over
( )2.(2024·安徽)—Hey, Tom, you are making noise. You should be polite 　　　　.
—Sorry, Mum. I've got it.
A.at most B.in public
C.on time D.by chance
( )3.(2023·安徽)Our country has made great progress in the fight 　　　　blue skies and clear waters.
A.in B.for
C.against D.between
( )4.(2023·安徽)—Your village is really beautiful!
—Thank you. 　　　　, all the villages here have taken on a new look.
A.For example B.In fact
C.First of all D.As a result
【知识清单】
介词的主要类别
表示时间 at, in, on, before, after, since, until, till, by, during, from...to..., past, to...
表示地点和方位 at, in, on, round, around, over, under, above, below, down, before, behind, between, among, up, in front of, in the front of, beside, next to, near...
表示空间运动 along, across, through, over, up, down, from, to, into, out of, towards...
表示方式、方法和手段 by, with, in, through, on...
表示原因 for, at, from, with, of, because of...
表示“除……以外” besides, except, except for...
其他常用介词 about, like, without, against, off...
常见的时间介词
1.at, in, on
at 侧重于表示时间点,用于时刻前。表示“在某一时刻”“在几点几分”,也可表示“在……(点)” at four/four o'clock 在四点 at a quarter to nine 在八点四十五
常用于固定搭配的短语中 at noon 在中午;at night 在夜晚;at/on weekends 在周末;at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早饭/午饭/晚饭时;at this time of day 在每天的这个时候;at the moment此刻,现在;at Christmas 在圣诞节
in 强调某个时间段,常用于上午、下午、晚上或世纪、年、月、季节等之前。in+一段时间,一般用于一般将来时 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上; in the day 在白天
in July在七月;in 2012 在2012年;in March在三月;in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天; in the 21st century 在21世纪; in ten years十年后
on 表示具体的某一天,后接具体的日期,表示某一天的上午、下午、晚上,或用于有形容词修饰的某一天前等 on Sunday 在星期天;on weekdays 在工作日;on Friday morning/afternoon/evening 在星期五上午/下午/晚上;on the afternoon of March 5th 在三月五日下午;on a cold winter evening 在一个寒冷冬天的晚上; on September 28th 在九月二十八日
用于公共节假日前 on New Year's Day 在元旦;on Children's Day 在儿童节;on Christmas Eve在圣诞节前夕
2.for, since
for+时间段 表示动作的延续。主句常用现在完成时、过去完成时或一般过去时 I have had (不用have bought) the car for three years.我拥有这辆车已有三年了。 I have been there for two weeks. 我在那儿已经待了两个星期了。
since+时间点 意为“从……起;从……以来”,表示谓语动作从过去某个时刻持续到了现在(说话时刻)。主句常用现在完成时或过去完成时 He has taught English since he came here in 1990. 他1990年就来这教英语了。 A lot of new things have happened since three years ago. (不用since three years)自从三年前开始,这里发生了许多新鲜事。
常见的地点介词
表示地点的介词有in、 on、 at、 to等,对其考查侧重于at、 on、 in的区别。at着重把所处的位置看作是某一个点,范围不明确,意为“在……内;在……上”,一般与较小的地点连用。in表示在某一区域或某一空间内,意为“在……(里)”,一般与较大的地点连用。on表示在一条线或一个平面上,意为“在……上”,如on the ground、 on the wall、 on the farm。
常见的方位介词
1.方位介词辨析图示
2.方位介词in、 on与 to
在表示方位时,in表示在某一地区内的某个方位(属于该范围);表示两地区“接壤”时,用介词on;表示“在某一范围之外(两地没有挨着)”时,用介词to。
3.besides, except
besides 意为“而且”,侧重于“除……之外,还有”,表示加上
except 意为“除……之外”。在肯定句中,侧重把except后的宾语所涉及的部分排除在外,表示减去;在否定句中,except没有排他性
4.across, through
across(与on有关,表示从“面上”穿过) 意为“穿过”。强调穿过某一平面、表面。常与动词walk、go、run相连,相当于from side to side。across的前面加上一个动词如walk、go、run,相当于cross
through (through与in有关,表示从“空间”纵穿) 表示“穿过,通过”。强调从某一空间内部“通过”“穿过”,往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等等
方式介词in、by与with
in 表示“用某种语言”,也可表示“用工具、材料”等
by “by+交通工具”表示搭乘或借助某种交通工具,如:by bus/bike/plane/...,可与“take a/the+交通工具”互换。例如: by bus=take a/the bus “by+动词的ing形式”表示“通过……方式/手段”。例如: She makes a living by selling clothes.她靠卖衣服谋生。
with 表示“借助于某一具体的工具、材料或人体器官”。例如: I write with a pen. 我用钢笔写字。
常见的介词短语
at school在校, at home在家, at work在工作, at night在夜晚, at the moment此刻, at this time of year在一年的这个时候, at the end of在……末端, at the beginning of在……开头, at once立刻, at the same time同时, at noon在中午, at the foot of在……脚下, by air坐飞机, by the way顺便说一下, by then到那时, for example例如, for a holiday度假, in English用英语, in the open air在户外, in front of在……前面, in bed在床上, in line排队, in trouble处于困境中, in a minute马上, in surprise惊奇地, on duty值日, on the way/on one's way (home)在(回家)的路上, of course当然, on top of在……顶部, on show展览。
【仿真作业】
【基础作业】
单项填空
( )1.(2024·甘肃临夏)The health website provides a lot of useful advice 　　　　teenagers.
A.with B.for C.to D.on
( )2.(2024·河北)Hurry up, Nancy! The meeting will start 　　　　ten minutes.
A.by B.in C.for D.to
( )3.(2024·黑龙江龙东改编)Hainan is famous 　　　　its beautiful beaches.Many tourists visit it every year.
A.for B.to C.as D.in
( )4.(2024·江苏扬州)You can't eat an elephant all at once.Eat it one bite 　　　　.
A.on time B.at a time
C.all the time D.at the same time
( )5.(2024·四川凉山改编)—Maria.You have made such great progress in English.
—Thanks, Ms.Chen.I can't make it 　　　　your help.
A.with B.without
C.after D.for
( )6.(2024·吉林改编)Mary plays light music 　　　　her free time to enjoy the beauty of music.
A.on B.at C.in D.for
( )7.(2024·黑龙江绥化改编)—I'm thirsty.I'd like a bottle of water.How about you, Bob
—I prefer a cup of coffee 　　　　nothing in it.
A.without B.with
C.to D.from
( )8.(2024·江苏扬州)The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street 　　　　Yangzhou.
A.to B.on C.at D.in
( )9.(2024·四川凉山改编)—Did you have fun watching the volleyball game
—No.A tall man stood 　　　　me.I couldn't see the players at all.
A.next to B.across from
C.in front of D.behind
( )10.(2024·云南)　　　　 the Spring Festival, lanterns can be seen almost everywhere in my hometown.
A.To B.Above
C.Between D.During
【提高作业】
单项填空
( )1.(2024·巢湖二模)—Hi, Mark.Do you know when the Dragon Boat Festival is
—Of course.It falls 　　　　the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.
A.on B.at
C.of D.in
( )2.(2024·芜湖二模)—I can't believe that we made it 　　　　.
—As long as we don't give up, nothing is impossible.
A.in total B.at most
C.in common D.at last
( )3.(2024·合肥包河区三模)—I find that the work I was doing has been already finished by someone else!
—　　　　, you were wasting your time.
A.In other words B.After all
C.At first D.By the way
( )4.(2024·蚌埠二模)—Well done, Jim! You're the final winner of the swimming competition.
—Thanks.　　　　, I've never expected I would win.
A.To my surprise B.In that case
C.In my opinion D.To be honest
( )5.(2024·滁州全椒一模)I can't attend the meeting 　　　　, but I am sending someone to speak for me.
A.in person B.at first
C.in fact D.for example
( )6.(2024·合肥三模)Cai Lei says this tool is specially designed 　　　　ASL (渐冻症) patients to read books.
A.through B.across
C.for D.over
( )7.(2024·安庆二模)—I'm so sorry.I poured coffee on your dress!
—It doesn't matter.　　　　, you didn't do it on purpose.
A.After all B.For example
C.In public D.By heart
( )8.(2024·合肥瑶海区一模)School should make more rules to protect students 　　　　any possible danger.
A.with B.by
C.for D.against
【素养作业】
单项填空
( )1.—Would you like some tea, please
—Yes, and please get some honey.I prefer tea 　　　　honey.
A.to B.for
C.in D.with
( )2.—Could you please show me which girl in the picture is Anna
—The one　　　　 a purple dress.
A.in B.at
C.of D.with
( )3.—Bob, go and see what's happening to the windows.
—Nothing serious.The heavy rain is beating 　　　　them.
A.against B.across
C.through D.over
( )4.—Look, there is a cute bird, Mom.
—It flew into our kitchen　　　　 the window just now, Lucy.
A.across B.through
C.above D.under
( )5.People usually admire the moon 　　　　the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
A.in B.on C.at D.to
( )6.Studentsall went to the Universal Beijing Resort 　　　　Jack.He had a bad cold.
A.besides B.for
C.except D.with
( )7.A person 　　　　courage and confidence is usually not afraid of challenges.
A.of B.with C.from D.for
( )8.Zhang Guimei is considered by many people　　　　 a great woman.
A.without B.for
C.among D.as
( )9.—Look! Ann is helping an old lady walk 　　　　the street.
—What a kind girl she is!
A.between B.against
C.through D.across
( )10.Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Bridge 　　　　the sea helps people travel conveniently.
A.over B.by
C.in D.among
【参考答案】
专题二　介词
真题精粹
1.C　【思路点拨】考查介词词义辨析。句意:为社区做力所能及的事,像照看老人或者教孩子们美术。like用作介词,意为“像……”,用来列举事例。
2.B　【思路点拨】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:——嘿,Tom,你在制造噪音。在公共场合你应该有礼貌。——抱歉,妈妈。我知道了。根据语境并结合选项可知,此处表示“在公共场合你应该有礼貌”。
3.B　【思路点拨】考查短语中不同介词搭配的词义辨析。句意:我国在争取蓝天碧水的斗争中取得了巨大进展。in“在里面”;fight for“为……而战”;fight against“与……作斗争”;between“在二者之间”。根据语境可知,此处应表示“为……而战”,即“争取蓝天碧水的斗争”。
4.B　【思路点拨】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:——你的村庄真漂亮! ——谢谢你!事实上,这里所有的村庄都焕然一新了。for example“例如”;in fact“事实上”;first of all“首先”;as a result“结果”。根据语境可知,此处应表示“事实上”。
仿真作业
基础作业
1~5　BBABB　6~10　CBDCD
提升作业
1~5　ADADA　6~8　CAD
素养作业
1~5　DAABB　6~10　CBDDA