专题4 形容词和副词（含解析）2025年中考英语总复习专题训练（安徽专版）

专题四 形容词和副词
【图解语法】
【真题荟萃】
Ⅰ.单项填空
( )1.(2024·安徽)In summer, the trees we planted in the school are 　　　　with green leaves.
A.thick B.soft
C.clear D.light
( )2.(2024·安徽)—Your grandpa climbed the hill so 　　　　that I couldn't keep up with him.
—He takes exercise every day.
A.quickly B.difficultly
C.patiently D.differently
( )3.(2023·安徽)—Camping trips in spring have become very 　　　　in southern China.
—Exactly. That's because these areas have warmer weather and an earlier flowering season.
A.hot B.safe
C.cheap D.hard
( )4.(2024·安徽)—What place will you suggest if I travel to your hometown
—The best-known Mount Huangshan comes 　　　　as the first choice.
A.hardly B.patiently
C.strangely D.naturally
( )5.(2024·安徽)—Jim and I share 　　　　tastes and hobbies.
—No wonder you take part in lots of meaningful social activities together.
A.separate B.weak
C.similar D.double
( )6.(2023·安徽)The dancing teacher gives us instructions 　　　　until we are perfect in every move.
A.patiently B.quickly
C.bravely D.suddenly
( )7.(2023·安徽)—The Chinese language is more and more popular.
—Exactly! It's becoming a 　　　　language skill in the international community.
A.similar B.difficult
C.necessary D.traditional
( )8.(2022·安徽)There is more space in the high-speed train and the journey becomes more 　　　　.
A.serious
B.boring
C.dangerous
D.comfortable
( )9.(2022·安徽)—China has formed a deep friendship with countries around the world.
—That's true. We are working 　　　　together in many fields.
A.closely
B.nervously
C.terribly
D.humorously
( )10.(2019·安徽)—The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away.
—It's really 　　　　.
A.secret B.direct
C.amazing D.traditional
( )11.(2019·安徽)I came to school 　　　　this morning because it was my turn to clean our classroom.
A.early B.slowly
C.quietly D.suddenly
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1.(2024·安徽) The lake area is r 　 (丰富) in wildlife and draws lots of people.
2.(2023·安徽)Fei Fei is a l 　 (可爱的) girl, honest and caring.
3.(2023·安徽)Students u 　 (通常地) listen to the teacher's advice and act on it.
4.(2024·安徽) Making mistakes in class is c 　 (常见的) to all, so be brave to face it.
5.(2024·安徽) The advice my English teacher gave me was s 　 (聪明的) and useful.
6.(2023·安徽)My English teacher always wears a s 　(甜美的) smile in class.
7.(2022·安徽)We can not enjoy more on the journey if we go too f 　 (快速地).
8.(2022·安徽)You'll find a nicer world if you're k 　 (友善的) and helpful to people around.
9.(2019·安徽)My English teacher is always r 　 (准备好的) with advice for our study and life.
10.(2019·安徽)We will go climbing tomorrow if the weather is f 　 (晴朗的).
【知识清单】
形容词的词义辨析及形容词的用法
1.形容词在句子中的功能:
(1)作定语。如:I went to the gift shop and bought some lovely gifts for my parents.
(2)作表语。如:My little sister is so smart.
(3)作宾语补足语。如:We must keep our classroom clean.
2.常见的形容词短语
(1)与about搭配
be careful about 对……小心 be certain/sure about 对……有把握
be crazy about 对……热衷 be sorry about 对……感到抱歉
be worried about 对……担忧
(2)与at搭配
be angry at 对……生气 be clever at 在……方面熟练
be good at 擅长…… be mad at 对……愤怒
be surprised at 对……感到惊奇
(3)与for搭配
be bad for 对……有坏处 be good for 对……有好处
be late for 迟到 be famous/known/well-known for 因……而著名
be sorry for 为……感到抱歉 be thirsty for渴望
be/get ready for 为……做好准备
(4)与from搭配
be absent from缺席 be different from 与……不同
be far from离……远
(5)与in搭配
be disappointed in 对……失望 be interested in 对……感兴趣
be successful in 在……方面成功 be weak in 在……方面薄弱
be rich in盛产……
(6)与of搭配
be afraid of害怕 be fond of喜欢 be full of充满
be proud of 对……感到自豪 be certain/sure of 对……有把握
be/get tired of 对……感到厌倦 be short of短缺……
(7)与to搭配
be close to 接近,靠近 be friendly to 对……友好 be kind to 对……和蔼
be good to 对……好 be polite to 对……礼貌 be nice to 对……友好
be similar to 与……相似 be rude to 对……粗鲁 be useful to 对……有用
be thankful to对……心存感激
(8)与with搭配
be angry with 对……生气 be busy with 忙于…… be careful with 小心
be filled with 充满…… be happy/pleased/satisfied with 对……感到满意
be patient with 对……有耐心 be popular with 受……的欢迎
be strict with 对……严格要求
副词的词义辨析及副词的用法
1.副词在句子中的功能
(1)作状语,与动词、形容词、其他副词连用。如:
She practiced a lot and really wanted to win.
(2)作表语,修饰少数地点或方位副词、时间副词及其他副词。如:
I must be off now.
(3)作宾语补足语。如:
I saw you out with your little brother this morning.
(4)作定语放在被修饰词后。如:
On my way home, I met one of my primary teachers.
2.副词的分类
(1)常见的以-ly结尾的副词
副词 含义 副词 含义
angrily 生气地 badly 差地
bravely 勇敢地 busily 忙碌地
carefully 小心地 carelessly 粗心地
certainly 确定地 closely 紧密地
clearly 清晰地 early 提前;在初期
easily 容易地 especially 尤其是,特别是
excitedly 兴奋地 exactly 准确地
finally 最后,最终 freely 自由地
hardly 几乎不 happily 快乐地
heavily 沉重地, 剧烈地 immediately 立刻
luckily 幸运地 loudly 大声地
mainly 主要地 mostly 大部分地
nearly 几乎 nervously 紧张地
possibly 可能 probably 也许,可能
patiently 耐心地 properly 合适地
quickly 快速地 quietly 安静地
really 真正地 regularly 定期地
sadly 悲伤地 safely 安全地
simply 仅仅;简朴地 specially 特别;专门地
silently 沉默地 slowly 慢慢地
softly 温柔地 suddenly 突然
(2)常见的时间副词
时间副词(组) 含义 时间副词(组) 含义
late 晚,迟 later 晚些时候, 过些时间
early 早,提早,早期 then 然后
ago 以前,更早 already 已经
soon 很快 before 在……之前
once 曾经,以前 now 现在
just now 刚才 at once 立刻,马上
at first 首先 at last 最后
tomorrow 明天 yesterday 昨天
today 今天 yet 还;尚且
(3)常见的连接副词
连接副词 含义 连接副词 含义
besides 此外,而且 however 然而
then 于是,那么 instead 而不是,代替
therefore 因此 also 也
anyway 无论如何
(4)常见的程度副词
程度副词 含义 程度副词 含义
just 仅仅,只 nearly 几乎,差不多
almost 几乎,差不多 still 仍然
only 只,仅仅 even 甚至
too 太,过于,非常 very 非常,很
hardly 几乎不 so/such 如此
rather 相当,颇 quite 相当地
enough 足够地 much 很大程度上地
pretty 相当
(5)常见的疑问副词
疑问副词 含义 作用
where 在哪里,到哪里 对地点提问,可引导宾语从句和定语从句
when 何时,什么时候 对时间提问,可引导宾语从句和定语从句
why 为什么 对原因提问,其回答通常是because 引导的句子,可引导宾语从句和定语从句
how 怎样,怎么,如何 对方式提问,可引导宾语从句
(6)常见的频度副词
频度副词 含义 频度副词 含义
always 总是 usually 通常地,经常地
often 经常 sometimes 有时
seldom 很少,不常 never 绝不
(7)常见的地点副词
地点副词(组) 含义 地点副词(组) 含义
here 这儿 there 那儿
inside 在里面 outside 在外面
upstairs 在楼上 downstairs 在楼下
everywhere 每个地方 anywhere 任何地方
home 家里 away 在远处,离开
above 在……上边 behind 在……后边
here and there 到处,处处 over there 在那里
形容词和副词的比较等级的用法
1.原级比较
(1)有表示程度的副词very、so、too、enough、quite等修饰时,用形容词或副词的原级。如:
In the West, people are quite open about their feelings.在西方,人们对自己的感受很开放。
(2)A=B:as+adj./adv.原级+as。如:
English is as interesting as Chinese. 英语和汉语一样有趣。
Does Tara work as hard as Tina Tara和Tina学习一样刻苦吗
(3)A≠B:not so/as+adj./adv.原级+as。如:
I'm not so careful as Lucy. 我不如Lucy细心。
I can't type so/as fast as my brother.我打字不如我哥哥/弟弟快。
2.比较级的用法
表示两者进行比较时用比较级,其结构如下:
用法 例句
A...+比较级(含more+多音节形容词的原级)+than+B,表示“A比B更……”,即A>B I'm more outgoing than my sister.我比我的姐姐/妹妹更外向。
有表示程度的副词(词组)a little、a bit、a lot、much、even、far、rather等修饰时,常用形容词或副词的比较级 It is even colder today.今天甚至更冷了。
A...+less+多音节形容词的原级+than+B,表示“A不及B……”,即A比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越……” Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.我们的国家正在变得越来越强大。
the+比较级……, the+比较级……,表示“越……,就越……” The more we know each other, the better we understand each other.我们之间越了解就越理解彼此。
表示“两者之间较……的一个”时,常用“the+比较级”结构 Peter is the shorter of the twins.Peter是双胞胎中较矮的那个。
在两者之间进行选择,表示哪一个更……时,常用句型“Which/Who...+比较级, A or B ” Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao 谁更高,李明还是王涛
形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义,此类结构有“否定词+比较级”,“比较级+than+any other+名词单数+in/of...”和“比较级+than+the other+名词复数” Li Lei is taller than any other student in our class.李雷比我们班上其他同学都高。
倍数+比较级+than,表示“……比……几倍” The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.长江几乎比珠江长两倍。
3.最高级的用法
三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时要用最高级,其结构如下:
用法 例句
形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前可以不用the。含有最高级的句子句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围 We went to the worst restaurant in town last night.昨晚我们去了镇上最糟糕的饭店。
表示“……中最……之一”时,用one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数 Li Hua is one of the most popular students in our class.李华是我们班上最受欢迎的学生之一。
表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行比较时,用句型“Which/Who...the+最高级, A, B or C ” Which season do you like best, spring, summer or winter 春天、夏天和冬天,你最喜欢哪个季节
表示“第几……”时,用the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词 It is the second tallest tower in the world.这是世界上第二高的塔。
形容词最高级前面有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,不再加定冠词the She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友。
4.形容词和副词的比较等级变化
(1)规则变化
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 直接在词尾加-er、-est young tall younger taller youngest tallest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词在词尾加-r、-st nice large nicer larger nicest largest
单音节词和少数双音节词 以重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,则先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er、-est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest fattest hottest
以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-er、-est happy easy healthy happier easier healthier happiest easiest healthiest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加 more、most careful more careful most careful
(2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
ill/bad/badly worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
【仿真作业】
【基础作业】
Ⅰ.单项填空
( )1.(2024·甘肃临夏)—Lisa, would you like to come to my birthday party next Saturday
—I'd love to, but I'm not 　　　　. I'm busy preparing for the test.
A.available B.enjoyable
C.believable D.comfortable
( )2.(2024·山东滨州)—How did you finish the school project in such a short time
—Oh, Mr Li always encouraged me and offered me much help. He is a pretty 　　　　teacher.
A.polite B.private
C.peaceful D.patient
( )3.(2024·甘肃白银)The road is very 　　　　after the heavy rain. Drivers are warned to drive carefully to avoid accidents.
A.empty B.dangerous
C.beautiful D.dirty
( )4.(2024·江苏连云港)Huaguoshan Airport will open up international flights. It will make it 　　　　for us to travel abroad.
A.happier B.easier
C.closer D.safer
( )5.(2024·甘肃临夏)Qomolangma is 　　　　mountain in the world.
A.high B.higher
C.highest D.the highest
( )6.(2024·江苏扬州)Our monitor is 　　　　. He always spends a lot of time helping with our class projects.
A.generous B.humorous
C.nervous D.curious
( )7.(2024·甘肃白银)　　　　 but surely we're making progress. Every small step forward brings us closer to our dream.
A.Happily B.Carefully
C.Slowly D.Lively
( )8.(2024·吉林改编)Alice lives a healthy life. She 　　　　stays up late.
A.hardly B.always
C.often D.sometimes
( )9.(2024·甘肃临夏)Science and technology are developing 　　　　in our country.
A.directly B.quickly
C.seriously D.silently
( )10.(2024·江苏扬州)Teamwork doesn't happen 　　　　in the workplace or school. It needs training.
A.naturally B.correctly
C.wildly D.especially
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1.(2024·甘肃临夏改编)Qinghai Lake is l 　 (大的) than any other salt lake in China.
2.(2024·甘肃白银改编)We received a letter from him r 　 (最近).
3.(2024·四川达州改编)As students, we should know studying hard is n 　 (必要的).
4.(2024·黑龙江龙东改编)It is not polite to talk l 　 (大声地) in public places.
5.(2024·江苏苏州改编)There is hunger in many parts of the world, even in r 　(富有的) countries.
6.(2024·江苏扬州改编)Planting some flowers in your garden is very h 　 (有帮助的) for attracting bees.
7.(2024·四川广安改编)Don't be s 　 (害羞的) when you speak English in public.
8.(2024·江苏苏州改编)The 2024 Paris Olympics brought over 10,000athletes t 　 (在一起) this summer.
9.(2024·四川宜宾改编)Tom and I hold the s 　 (相同的) opinion. I totally agree with him.
【提高作业】
Ⅰ.单项填空
( )1.(2024·安庆二模)—Each of us should set a goal for ourselves if we want to be a better person.
—　　　　. A goal is like a light in the dark. It can make us become better and better.
A.Certainly B.Luckily
C.Lately D.Finally
( )2.(2024·淮南二模)Everyone should learn how to act 　　　　in the face of danger or in trouble.
A.simply B.wisely
C.widely D.badly
( )3.(2024·蚌埠二模)—Although Ben is just a primary school student, he's a quite 　　　　boy.
—Yes. He has the courage to face all the difficulties in his life.
A.shy B.strict
C.brave D.kind
( )4.(2024·合肥三模)—What do you think is the most 　　　　thing in our life
—Health. As we all know, health is wealth.
A.serious B.interesting
C.popular D.valuable
( )5.(2024·合肥三模)— Mom, I want to do something 　　　　for our country and society when I grow up.
—My dear child, it's great of you to say that.
A.crazy B.meaningful
C.strange D.nervous
( )6.(2024·合肥瑶海区二模)When we heard that Shenzou-18 landed 　　　　, we all were excited and took pride in our motherland.
A.suddenly B.exactly
C.safely D.quickly
( )7.(2024·合肥三模)—Many students think ChatGPT is good for their study.
—That depends. We are supposed to use it 　　　　.
A.deeply B.properly
C.lately D.hardly
( )8.(2024·合肥一模)—Many officers introduced their hometown 　　　　to others online. How creative!
—What they did really helps a lot.
A.angrily B.strangely
C.confidently D.quietly
( )9.(2024·芜湖二模)—It's necessary to build 　　　　swimming pools in the countryside.
—Sounds like a great idea. Then swimming will become much safer for children than before.
A.lonely B.bright
C.icy D.public
( )10.(2024·合肥二模)It's necessary to give others some 　　　　space, because everyone has his or her secrets.
A.strange B.modern
C.different D.private
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1.(2024·合肥二模)Our country has got r 　 ( 快速的) development in space technology.
2.(2024·合肥庐江一模)When you're under much pressure, please listen to our Chinese f 　 (民间的) music.
3.(2024·芜湖一模)As Tim tries to be truthful, he expects everyone e 　 (其他的) to be truthful, too.
4.(2024·蚌埠二模)Old Henry is very rich, but he lives a very s 　 (简单的) life.
5.(2024·淮南二模)Lin Tao wants to improve his spoken English by reading a 　 (大声地).
【素养作业】
Ⅰ.单项填空
( )1.The kids enjoyed the trip to Dalian Forest Zoo so much. They didn't 　　　　want to go home.
A.hardly B.regularly
C.possibly D.really
( )2.—I have 　　　　completed all the work.
—Congratulations!
A.noisily B.probably
C.successfully D.especially
( )3.At the sports meeting, Tom, Mike and Tim compete to see who runs 　　　　.
A.fast B.the fastest
C.faster D.most fastest
( )4.—Look! It is raining outside.
—That's right. The rain is too 　　　　to go shopping.
A.quick B.quiet
C.heavy D.noisy
( )5.Lookinginto my eyes, my mother said 　　　　to me, “Now everything is back to normal again.”
A.kindly B.likely
C.hardly D.differently
( )6.Frank always does very well in exams. But he can　　　　 work out the problems in his real life.
A.always B.seldom
C.nearly D.already
( )7.We should talk to the old 　　　　.
A.politely B.difficultly
C.widely D.suddenly
( )8.We can't drive our cars on the path because it's 　　　　designed for Bus Rapid Transit (快速公交).
A.properly B.normally
C.gradually D.specially
( )9.These days Tom is feeling 　　　　because his parents are not at home.
A.friendly B.lucky
C.lonely D.lovely
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1.Look. The volunteers are m 　 (主要地) made up of teenagers.
2.Mum looks happy because Mary has made g 　 (巨大的) progress this term.
3.My mother gets up e 　 (早地) to make breakfast for the family every morning.
4.The more carefully you do your homework, the f 　 (较少的) mistakes you may make.
5.David should speak c 　 (清晰地) to make everyone understand his speech better.
6.Li's homework always isn't t 　(整洁的). His father is angry.
7.I could hardly speak English and was completely s 　 (沉默的) during the trip to the British Museum.
8.If you want to know e 　 (确切地) what a word means, you should look it up.
9.My little cousin looks s 　 (傻的) when she wears my aunt's new blouse.
10.With the Internet, people can communicate more e 　 (简单地) than ever before.
【参考答案】
专题四　形容词和副词
真题精粹
1.A　【思路点拨】考查形容词词义辨析。thick“茂密的”;soft“软的”;clear“清晰的”;light“轻的”。根据句子语境可知,此处意思是“夏天,我们在校园里栽的树木绿叶成荫。”
2.A　【思路点拨】考查副词词义辨析。quickly“快速地”;difficultly“困难地”;patiently“耐心地”;differently“不同地”。根据对话语境可知,此处意思是“你的爷爷登山如此之快,我跟不上他。”
3.A　【思路点拨】 考查形容词词义辨析。hot“风靡一时的;热门的”;safe“安全的”;cheap“便宜的”;hard“艰难的”。句意:——在中国南方,春天去野营旅行已经变得非常热门。——确实。那是因为这些区域有更加温暖的天气和更早的花季。由答语意思可知,春天中国南方的野营旅行已经变得非常热门。
4.D　【思路点拨】考查副词词义辨析。句意:——如果我到你的家乡旅游,你会推荐什么地方呢 ——首选自然是众所周知的黄山。hardly “几乎不”;patiently “耐心地”;strangely “奇怪地”;naturally “自然地”。结合选项意思可知,此处应填“自然地”。
5.C　【思路点拨】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:——Jim和我有相似的兴趣和爱好。——难怪你们一起参加许多有意义的社交活动。依据第二句话的意思可知,此处应填“相似的”。
6.A　【思路点拨】考查副词词义辨析。句意:舞蹈老师耐心地指导我们,直到我们的每一个动作都完美无缺。patiently “耐心地”;quickly “迅速地”;bravely “勇敢地”;suddenly “突然地”。根据语境可知,句中表示“老师耐心地指导”。
7.C　【思路点拨】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:——中文越来越受欢迎了。——确实如此!它正在成为国际社会中一项必备的语言技能。similar “相似的”;difficult “困难的”;necessary “必要的”;traditional “传统的”。根据对话语境可知,此处表示“一项必要的语言技能”。
8.D　【思路点拨】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:高铁上有更多的空间,旅行变得更舒适。serious “严重的,严肃的”;boring “无聊的”;dangerous “危险的”;comfortable “舒适的”。根据前半句“高铁上有更多的空间”可推知,旅行肯定更舒适。
9.A　【思路点拨】考查副词词义辨析。句意:——中国已经与世界上许多国家都有了深厚的友谊。——那是事实。我们在很多领域都紧密合作。closely “紧密地”;nervously “紧张地”;terribly “可怕地”;humorously “幽默地”。根据语境可知答案。
10.C　【思路点拨】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:——5G技术能帮助医生治疗数百千米外的病人。——这确实令人惊讶。secret “秘密的”;direct “直接的”;amazing “令人惊讶的”;traditional “传统的”。根据句意可知答案。
11.A　【思路点拨】考查副词词义辨析。句意:我今天早上很早就来学校了,因为轮到我打扫教室了。early “早早地”;slowly “慢慢地”;quietly “安静地”;suddenly “突然地”。由于需要打扫教室,今天早上“我”很早到学校。
Ⅱ.1.rich　2.lovely/lovable　3.usually　4.common
5.smart　6.sweet　7.fast　8.kind/kind-hearted
9.ready　10.fine
仿真作业
基础作业
Ⅰ.1~5　ADBBD　6~10　ACABA
Ⅱ.1.larger　2.recently　3.necessary　4.loudly　5.rich
6.helpful　7.shy　8.together　9.same
提升作业
Ⅰ.1~5　ABCDB　6~10　CBCDD
Ⅱ.1.rapid　2.folk　3.else　4.simple　5.aloud
素养作业
Ⅰ.1~5　DCBCA　6~9　BADC
Ⅱ.1.mainly　2.great　3.early　4.fewer　5.clearly
6.tidy　7.silent　8.exactly　9.silly　10.easily