人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading and thinking 课件(共28张PPT)

Unit 4 Natural disasters
Reading and thinking 1
1.___________n.裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂
2._________似乎；好像；仿佛3.____________n.&vt.破坏；毁坏
4.____________严重受损；破败不堪5.___________n.百分之……adj.&adv.每一百种
6.___________n.砖；砖块7.___________n.金属
8._______n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克vt.(使)震惊9._______________震惊；吃惊
10._____________n.电；电能
11. _______vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱
12.___________vt.埋葬；安葬13.____________vi.&vt.呼吸 14.____________vt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒15.____________n.振兴；复苏
16.___________n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力17.___________vi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体 18._______________n.智慧；才智
crack
as if
ruin
in ruins
percent
brick
metal
shock
in shock
electricity
trap
bury
breathe
revive
revival
effort
unify
wisdom
拼读单词
02
01
语言能力
学习能力
了解并能正确描述唐山大地震的基本信息。
掌握报告文学的特点、能分析文章结构、了解修辞手法(repetition反复、拟人persinification、meterphor暗喻、simile明喻)及根据上下文猜测词义。
03
思维品质
通过感受灾难面前人们相互支援的人道主义精神和人类面对灾难不屈不挠的精神，思考人与社会、人与自然之间的关系。
Q1: What will happen during a big earthquake?
1. Thousands of buildings will____________
fall down
3. People will be_________________________
trapped or buried
4. The water pipes will _____________________
crack and burst
5. The city will be ____________and lie_________
destroyed
in ruins
2. People will be dead or badly injured
6. The bridge will be too dangerous to cross.
7. The railway tracks will be ________________.
useless piece of metal
8. People will be _________.
9. The city will be _________.
in shock
in ruins
Q2:Do you know some earthquakes that happened in China?
青海 玉树
河北
唐山
汶川
雅安
Wenchuan, May12th, 2008
Yushu，
April 14th, 2010
Tangshan,
July 28th, 1976
Ya’an，
April 20th, 2013
Predict
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
What does the title mean?
A. the earth was awake all night long
B. a terrible earthquake happened that night
C. people on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
D. animals on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
What is the text about?
Earthquake
Personification(拟人)
Skimming
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
The passage mainly talks about a/an _________ (what) that happened in ______ (where) in ____(when).
2. What’s the type of this text?
A. a news report B. a literary journal(报告文学) C. a novel
3. In what order is the text written?
A. Time B. Space C. Feeling
2mins
Tip: title, picture, first or last paragragh.
earthquake
Tangshan
1976
报告文学是散文的一种，介于新闻报道和小说之间，兼有新闻和文学的特点的散文。报告文学是运用文学艺术，真实、及时地反映社会生活事件和人物活动的一种文学体裁。
Careful reading
2mins
Part1(P1)：before the earthquake
signs
1. All the following unusual things happened before the earthquake EXCEPT that___
A. the water in the village wells rose and fell
B. the chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat
C. mice ran out of the fields looking for a hiding place
D. fish swam in the water as usual
2. Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual because______
A. they didn't notice anything strange happening
B. they knew well about earthquakes
C. something strange happened in many places
D. they didn't realize the arrival of an earthquake
细节题之是否
排除法
因果关系
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep?cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3：00 a.m. on 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.
Topic sentence?
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.
?
What strange things were happening?
Topic Sentence
Supporting Sentences
Transitional Sentences
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. ①For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. ②There were deep?cracks that appeared in the well walls. ③At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. ④ Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings. ⑤Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water. ⑥At about 3：00 a.m. on 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.
repetition 反复
What is the people’s response to these signs?
Strange things were happening in the countryside_1__northeast Hebei. ①For several days the water in the village wells __2__(rise) and fell, rose and fell. ② There were deep____3__(crack)?that appeared in the well walls. ③At least one well had some smelly gas_____4___(come) out of it. ④ Chickens and even pigs were too nervous ____5____ (eat)，and dogs refused___6____(go) inside buildings. ⑤___7__ (mouse) ran out of the fields looking for places __8___ (hide)，and fish jumped out of the water. ⑥At about 3：00 a.m. on 28 July 1976，bright lights______9____(see) in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep__10__ usual that night.
of
rose
to eat
to go
Mice
to hide
were seen
as
在......的农村地区
升升降降，起起伏伏
repetition 反复eg: The woman cried,cried.
Tasks: 1.完成语法填空 2.找出文中的定语从句 3.重点词汇知识点复现
cracks
coming
crack：
n.裂纹；裂缝
v.（使）破裂
现在分词作后置定语，修饰smelly gas
too...to... 太......而不能
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
run out of从......跑出来；用光
现在分词短语作状语，表伴随
as usual 像往常一样； than usual 比往常......
But the city’s one million people didn't realize the coming disater that night.
There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
There be句型
状
先行词
长难句分析
定语从句
返回
1. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.
长难句分析
well adv. 好，出色地 Well done!干得好！
adj. 健康的 May you get well soon! 愿你早日康复！(应用文)
int. （语气词）嗯；不过；好了；那么；算了
n. 井；楼梯井
v. 涌出 Tears welled up in her eyes.她热泪盈眶（续写佳句）
rise --rose-risen-rising 上升；提高
rose 玫瑰 rosy adj. 粉红色的/红润的/愉快的/美好的/乐观的
May you have a rosy future. 愿你前程似锦。(应用文)
rise vi. 上升;升起;起身 (rose, risen) n.上升;增加; 上涨
raise vt.举起；提高; 提出(问题等); 养育; 募集(raised, raised)
练习：1. A concert was held to _____________ funds for the poor.
2. Can you ______________you arm above your head?
3. We saw the sun _____________in the east.
4. Alex _____________ a good question last lesson.
5. He has a large family to______________.
6. I can’t hear you. _______________your voice, please.
raise
rising
raise
raised
raise
Raise
2. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
【句型】此句为_____________句型，that 引导____________，修饰先行词__________, 其在从句中作________，先行词为物，因此可用_________ 来引导。
3. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.
【词块】at least __________________; at most _______________
smelly adj. _________ _______ v. 闻到；察觉到 n. 臭味；嗅觉 smell--smelt-smelt-smelling
饭菜闻起来很香。
coming out of it 是V-ing 短语作_____________, 修饰_________,意思是 ________________________.
长难句分析
There be
定语从句
cracks
主语
gas
至少
最多；至多
难闻的
smell
Dinner smells good.
后置定语
从其中冒出的
that/which
4. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
【句型】1. too...to... ________________,表示_________(肯定/否定) 意义
类似词组：__________________ 如此…以至于…
即学即练：小男孩太小了不能去上学。
(1)The little boy is ________________________ he can’t go to school.
(2) The little boy is ________________________ to school.
2. refuse [r??fju?z] v. 拒绝;回绝 -- ______ [r??fju?zl] n. 拒绝
5. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
【句型】句子+ （，）+doing sth
【说明】looking for是现在分词词组表__________(主动/被动)，所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生，是对谓语动词所表示的动作或状态的____________,在句中作__________ 状语。
长难句分析
太… 而不能
否定
too young to go
so… that…
refusal
so young that
主动
补充说明
【运用】
My father sat at the table _____________ (read) newspaper.
_____________ (be) ill, Jane didn’t go to school.
The fire lasted about three days, ____________(leave) nothing valuable.
reading
Being
leaving
伴随
2. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide,
and fish jumped out of the water.
and 并列句
V-ing 做状语
长难句分析
谓
谓
主
主
返回
Mind map:
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.
Para. 1
in the village wells
the water
deep cracks
smelly gas
in the farmyard
chickens and pigs
dogs
too nervous to eat
refused to go inside buildings
in the field
mice
fish
ran out of the fields
jumped out of water
loud noises
bright lights
in the sky
for several days
at about 3:00a.m.
But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.
利用思维导图复述文章:2min
Careful reading
2mins
Part2(P2--3)：during the earthquake
damage
Para. 2
What do these numbers mean?
1 minute
150
kilometres
8 & 30
2/3
400,000
3:42 am
11
kilometres
分子基，
分母序,
分子>1，分母加s.
two thirds
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.
The damage caused by the earthquake
The suffering of the people
Supporting details
Para. 2
Attitude
At _________, everything began to shake.
___ kilometers directly below, …damage more than ____ kilometers…
_______ of the nation felt the earthquake.
A huge crack that was __ kilometres long and___ metres wide cut across...
In less than___ minute, a large city lay in ruins.
3:42 a.m.
1/3
8
30
1
___________ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.
____________ of children were left without parents.
The number of people who were killed or ….reached more than ________.
2/3
400,000
shocked
11
150
Thousands
Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.
metaphor
To make the description more vivid
To show the great destruction and suffering;
To make the passage more accurate and convincing
exaggeration
To show the destruction was very severe
numbers
At 3：42 a.m.，everything began to shake. It seemed as if?the world __1__(be) coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city，one of the most deadly_____2______( earthquake) of the 20th century had begun，a quake that even____3____ (cause) damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of ___4__ whole nation felt it! A huge crack，eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide，cut___5__ houses，roads，and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute，a large city__5_ (lie)?in ruins. Two___6___(three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children_____7____(leave) without parents. The number of people who were killed or___8___(bad) injured in the quake___9__(be) more than 400000.
Tasks: 1.完成语法填空 2.找出文中的定语从句 3.重点词汇知识点复现
were
earthquakes
caused
the
across
lay
thirds
were left
badly
was
It seemed as if“仿佛” ，从句用虚拟语气(be用were)
one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+谓语动词用单数
结束
dead:adj.死去的；失去生命的；枯萎的
deadly:adj. 致命的；死一般的
had done
cause damage (to)“造成损失”
cut across “横穿；抄近路穿过”
同位语
坚硬的石山
泥石流
lie:
说谎：lie-lied-lied
躺：lie-lay-lain
the number of“.....的数量”
a number of= a lot of
看起来好像…：
似乎；好像：
结束：
正下方：
最致命的地震之一：
对…造成伤害:
超过;多于;不仅仅是：
横穿；抄近路穿过：
泥石流：
少于：
成为废墟：
失去：
…的数量：
课文短语 ～第二段
It seemed as if…
as if
come to an end
directly below
one of the most deadly earthquakes
do/ cause damage to…
more than
cut across
rivers of dirt
less than
lay/lie in ruins
be left without…
the number of…
dead: adj. 死去的；失去生命的；枯萎的
deadly: adj. 致命的；死一般的
dying垂死的
one of +可数名词复数+谓语动词用单数
lie: 说谎：lie-lied-lied
躺：lie-lay-lain
the number of… “.....的数量”
a number of = a lot of
1. It seemed as if?the world were coming to an end!
【句型】It seems as if... __________________
【说明】1. as if 后引导的从句,如果描述的事件是真实的,就用陈述语气
It seems as if you ______ (be) really interested in Chinese culture.(真实情况，用陈述语气)
2. as if 后的从句,如果描述的是不太可能发生的事情,用虚拟语气,分3种情况：
(1)与现在事实相反,从句谓语用一般过去时(虚拟语气中be动词只用were）
eg: The captain treats me as if I his own daughter.(与现在事实相反)
(2)与过去事实相反，从句谓语用过去完成时
Tom and his new friend talked as though they (be) friends for years.(与过去事实相反)
(3)与将来事实相反，从句谓语用would/could/might +V原
It seems as if the meeting _________________(come)to an end immediately.(与将来事实相反)

长难句分析
would come
are
看上去仿佛……
were
had been
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}
时间
?????
从句中谓语动词形式
与将来事实相反
would / should / might / could +?动词原形;
were to +?动词原形
与现在事实相反
动词过去式 (be?用?were)
与过去事实相反
had + 动词过去分词
knew
would say
had been
It seems as if I were a bird.
翻译：
好像我是一只鸟。
1. It seems as if his heart____(be) a stone.
2. It seemed as if Tom_________(save) the whole world yesterday.
3. It seems as if Tom_____________(fly) into the space in the future.
were
had saved
would/could fly
The clouds are gathering, it seems as if it is going to rain.
返回
Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
定 语 从 句
状 语
谓
先行词
主
谓
长难句分析
返回
宾
同位语
2.Two thirds of the people who lived there were
dead or injured.
主
表
定 语
返回
系
3. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in
the quake was more than 400000.
长难句分析
主
系
表
定语从句
返回
2. Eleven kilometres quickly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
【句型】a quake that... in Beijing作one of the most deadly earthquakes 的_____________,其中that引导_____________，指代先行词____________，that在从句中作_______。
3. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
【句型】who lived there是who引导的_____________，指代先行词____________，who在从句中作___________。
【词块】two thirds _______________
1.分数的表达为子基母序（分子用________，分母用___________）
eg: ____________ 五分之一 ____________ 五分之三
2. 分数词+of +n作主语,谓语v的单复数取决于 。
eg: Three fifths of the students ___________ (be) boys.
eg: Three fifths of the water _________ (be) polluted.
定语从句
定语从句
同位语
a quake
主语
the people
主语
三分之二
基数词
序数词
one fifth
three fifths
该n的单复数
are
is
Mind map
The world were coming to
an
end
time
damage
dead or injured people
people’s suffering
3:42 a.m.
everything began to shake
loss
caused damages more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing
one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century
severity
crack
rocks
city
8 kilometers long and 30 meters wide
cut across houses, roads and waterways
result
became rivers of dirt
lay in ruins
children
number
left without parents
400,000
two thirds of the people who lived there
地震的威力及其影响