2025外研版高中英语必修第三册强化练习题--Unit 4 Part 2 Using language（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2025外研版高中英语必修第三册强化练习题--Unit 4 Part 2 Using language（含答案与解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-11-04 10:17:34 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025外研版高中英语必修第三册
Unit 4 Amazing art
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings after he moved to a new (社区).
2.Learning (书法)is one of the best ways to approach traditional Chinese culture.
3.(2024浙江省浙里特色联盟期中)It is a must-visit destination for fans of modern and (当代的)art.
4.Scientific research has shown that smoking (香烟)can increase the risk of lung cancer and heart disease.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The book (vivid) describes the living habits of the species living in this area.
2.(2020天津)Lack talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
3.Linda is an attractive lady, and many people are charmed by her (elegant), beauty, and cleverness.
4.The success of her friend stimulated her (start) her own business, but it was really challenging.
5.The teacher explained the science experiment while (demonstrate) how it worked.
6.He saw an umbrella inside—a very old one with a beautifully (carve) wooden handle.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.既然你的电脑正在修,你可以用我的。
Since your computer , you can use mine.
2.在地震中被毁的大部分建筑物正在重建。
Most of the buildings destroyed in the earthquake .
3.我现在正在医院接受治疗,所以我不能和你一起去看电影。
I in the hospital now, so I cannot go to the cinema with you.
题型(二)
Scientists say that global warming isn't the only serious problem that 1 (face) by us human beings up to now. At present, we 2 (threaten) by the decline and even extinction of many species. It's said that half of all insects worldwide have been declining since the 1970s. A new warning is that over 40 percent of insect species may die out in the future. According to some researchers, the number of insects 3 (become) smaller and smaller year by year.
In addition, Dave Goulson, a professor of biology at the University of Sussex, says that a lot of insects 4 (kill) these days by pesticides(杀虫剂) used for farming and gardening. He told reporters, “Three quarters of our crops depend on insect pollinators(传花粉者).If we don't take any measures, we won't even have fruit like strawberries. Actually, a large quantity of rice 5 (consume) every day. But without insects, there would not be enough crops to feed the world's population.” Ever since, all of us 6 (warn) that we can't wait another 25 years before we do anything because it will be too late.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024安徽合肥六校联盟期中)
Using X-rays to peer into the chemical structure of a tiny speck(微粒)of the celebrated work of art Mona Lisa, scientists have gained new insight into the techniques that Leonardo da Vinci used to paint his groundbreaking portrait of the woman with the mysterious smile.
The research, published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, suggests that the famously curious, learned and inventive Italian Renaissance master may have been in a particularly experimental mood when he set to work on Mona Lisa early in the 16th century.
The oil-paint method Leonardo used as his base layer appears to have been different for Mona Lisa, with its own distinctive chemical signature, the team of scientists and art historians in France and Britain discovered. “He was someone who loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically,” said Victor Gonzalez, the study's lead author and a chemist at France's top research body, the CNRS. Gonzalez has studied the chemical composition of dozens of works by Leonardo, Rembrandt and other artists.
Specifically, the researchers found a rare compound, plumbonacrite(水白铅矿)in Leonardo's first layer of paint. The discovery confirmed for the first time what art historians had previously only assumed: Leonardo most likely used lead oxide powder to thicken and help dry his paint as he began working on the portrait. Plumbonacrite is a byproduct of lead oxide, allowing the researchers to say with more certainty that Leonardo likely used the powder in his paint recipe. “Plumbonacrite is really a fingerprint of his recipe,” Gonzalez said. “It's the first time we have confirmed it chemically.”
After Leonardo, Dutch master Rembrandt may have used a similar recipe when he was painting in the 17th century. “It also tells us that those recipes were passed down for centuries,” Gonzalez said. “It was a very good recipe.” But Mona Lisa and other works by Leonardo still have other secrets to tell. “There are plenty, plenty more things to discover, for sure. We are barely scratching the surface,” Gonzalez said. “What we are saying is just a small piece of the knowledge.”
1.What kind of person was Leonardo da Vinci according to the new findings
A.Adventurous and creative. B.Ambitious and generous.
C.Intelligent and mysterious. D.Sensitive and inspiring.
2.What had art historians supposed earlier
A.Rembrandt was fond of imitating Leonardo's style.
B.It is most likely that Leonardo used to be a chemist.
C.The portrait may have been dried in a special way when finished.
D.Leonardo may have employed lead oxide powder in his work.
3.What can we infer according to Gonzalez
A.It is necessary to scratch the surface of Mona Lisa.
B.There is little point in finding the chemicals in the portrait.
C.The scientists have revealed Leonardo's technique thoroughly.
D.There is a long way to go for a deep understanding of Leonardo's works.
4.What is the best title for the text
A.Powerful Chemicals for Painting
B.Leonardo's Experiments on Portraits
C.The New Secret of Mona Lisa
D.Far-reaching Influence of Mona Lisa
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校期中)
For people who are planning a trip, a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of. After all, there are plenty of ways to appreciate the world's civilization, gain exciting experiences and spend quality time with family and friends. 1
Museums are where people learn something new, at every age! Are you interested in something specific 2 There, you will find yourself drawn in and inspired! Museums are a fantastic place to learn about a region's history, scientific achievements, major cultural events, and of course, dinosaurs. They also design exhibitions related to visual arts, industrial innovations and anything that inspires an individual to learn about the past and create new paths to the future.
3 They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose of exposing children to knowledge of various fields and expanding their horizons. To achieve that, museums are working to create meaningful and engaging activities, interactive and knowledge-based.
Museums support tourism. They are tourism promoters in small towns and large cities. Museums aren't a burden on tax revenue(税收)or a separate concern from other city projects. 4 Statistics show that museums support more than 726, 000 jobs in America.
Museums shape communities. They have activities and exhibitions through which visitors can learn about local history. Museums are places where a shared heritage is celebrated and a collective identity is formed. They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other. 5
A.Museums bring out the best qualities in children.
B.Museums often hold kid-centered exhibitions.
C.Instead, they generate funding and fuel employment.
D.Then, visit a local museum to learn about that subject.
E.On the contrary, they consume a small percentage of city funds annually.
F.The fact, however, is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways.
G.Even when people are shopping at the gift shop, there is an opportunity for connections.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023广东深圳高级中学阶段测试)
At school, an art class is fun. We 1 different techniques and generally get creative. However, a field trip to an art gallery is often 2 . Last year my art teacher organized a trip to an art exhibition. The gallery was full of older people, who obviously didn't want to be with 3 students. We all got 4 and couldn't stop chatting. Our teacher was getting 5 and kept telling us to be quiet.
The next day we complained to our teacher about the 6 of activities for teens at art galleries. She 7 that a visit should be both educational and fun. That's when I decided to go online and look for art galleries that have special 8 for teens. Eventually, I 9 to find a huge range of activities and recommended some to my teacher.
I also used the 10 to learn about artists. Recently, I found a contemporary artist called Martin Bailey. I've 11 seen artists who combine different techniques, but Bailey is totally different. He does unique illustrations with 12 household objects such as umbrellas, headphones and even cookies. His art is simple, but it makes you see things 13 . For example, he notices that a flower is similar to a mop(拖把)and puts this 14 into life by drawing a little man with a real flower mop. It's really 15 ! I hope I'll be able to go to an exhibition of his work in the future.
1.A.deal with B.start with
C.struggle with D.experiment with
2.A.disappointing B.challenging
C.exciting D.interesting
3.A.noisy B.careless
C.attentive D.creative
4.A.annoyed B.bored
C.lost D.worried
5.A.weak B.sensitive C.stressed D.tired
6.A.lack B.theme
C.result D.schedule
7.A.announced B.demanded
C.suggested D.agreed
8.A.gifts B.prices
C.paintings D.events
9.A.happened B.determined
C.managed D.expected
10.A.activity B.Internet
C.trip D.exhibition
11.A.already B.never
C.merely D.obviously
12.A.useful B.fancy
C.suitable D.ordinary
13.A.clearly B.directly
C.differently D.critically
14.A.design B.idea
C.plant D.tool
15.A.abstract B.amusing
C.strange D.practical
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 4 Amazing art
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.neighbourhood 2.calligraphy 3.contemporary 4.cigarettes
Ⅱ.1.vividly 考查副词。句意:这本书生动地描述了生活在这个地区的物种的生活习惯。本空修饰动词describes,故应用副词作状语。
2.of 考查介词。句意:缺乏天赋和时间并不是不采取行动的理由。lack of...意为“缺乏……”,故本空应用介词of。
3.elegance 考查名词。句意:琳达是一位迷人的女士,许多人被她的优雅、美丽和聪明吸引。设空处前有形容词性物主代词her,且和beauty、cleverness并列,故此处应用名词形式。此处表示“优雅”,故填elegance。
4.to start 考查非谓语动词。句意:她的朋友的成功激励她开始了自己的事业,但这真的很有挑战性。stimulate sb. to do sth.意为“刺激某人做某事”,故本空应用不定式形式作宾语补足语。
5.demonstrating 考查非谓语动词。句意:老师一边演示科学实验的运作方式,一边解释该实验。本空在句中作状语,动词demonstrate和句子主语The teacher之间为主动关系,故本空应用现在分词形式。
6.carved 考查非谓语动词。句意:他看到里面有一把伞——一把很旧的伞,有一个雕刻精美的木柄。本空修饰名词handle,被修饰名词handle和动词carve之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词作定语。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.is being repaired 2.are being rebuilt
3.am being treated
题型(二)
1.has been faced 句意:科学家们说,全球变暖并不是迄今为止我们人类面临的唯一严重的问题。 设空处为that引导的定语从句的谓语,that指代先行词problem,problem与face之间为被动关系,且up to now常跟现在完成时连用,故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。
2.are being threatened 句意:目前,我们正受到许多物种减少甚至灭绝的威胁。此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作,且主语we与threaten之间为被动关系,故此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
3.is becoming 句意:根据一些研究人员的说法,昆虫的数量一年比一年少。根据语境可知,此处宜用现在进行时,主语为the number of insects,谓语动词应用单数形式,故填is becoming。
易错归因
本题易错填are becoming。注意:the number of的意思是“……的数量”,中心词是number,谓语动词要用单数。a number of的意思是“许多”,修饰可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数。
4.are being killed 句意:此外,萨塞克斯大学的生物学教授Dave Goulson说,现在很多昆虫都被用于农业和园艺的杀虫剂杀死了。 根据时间状语these days可知,此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作,insects与kill之间是被动关系,故此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
5.is consumed 句意:事实上,每天都有大量的大米被吃。 根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时,a large quantity of rice与consume之间是被动关系,故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。注意:a quantity of后接不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
6.have been warned 句意:从那以后,我们所有人都被警告说,我们不能再等25年才采取任何行动,因为为时已晚。根据时间状语Ever since可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语all of us与warn之间为被动关系,故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们用X射线对著名画作《蒙娜丽莎》进行分析,对其颜料使用有了新的发现。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中“the famously curious, learned and inventive Italian Renaissance master may have been in a particularly experimental mood when he set to work on Mona Lisa early in the 16th century(这位以好奇、博学和创造力著称的意大利文艺复兴时期的大师在16世纪初开始创作《蒙娜丽莎》时,可能一直处于一种特别的试验情绪中)”可推知,达·芬奇是一个敢于冒险和有创造力的人。故选A。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The discovery confirmed for the first time what art historians had previously only assumed: Leonardo most likely used lead oxide powder to thicken and help dry his paint as he began working on the portrait.”可知,艺术史学家之前猜测达·芬奇在创作时可能使用了氧化铅粉这种物质。故选D。
3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Gonzalez所说的话“There are plenty, plenty more things to discover, for sure. We are barely scratching the surface”和“What we are saying is just a small piece of the knowledge.”可知,Gonzalez认为目前的发现只触及表面,还有很多东西有待发现。由此可推知,要深入理解达·芬奇的作品还要走很长的路。故选D。
4.C 主旨大意题。
Para. 1 研究人员用X射线探究《蒙娜丽莎》微粒,解开达·芬奇绘画的奥秘。
Para. 2 达·芬奇在绘制《蒙娜丽莎》时充满实验精神。
Para. 3 达·芬奇画《蒙娜丽莎》时用了独特的油彩。
Para. 4 研究人员发现达·芬奇绘画时可能使用了水白铅矿,这验证了艺术史学家的假设。
Para. 5 仍有诸多未解之谜待探索。
通读全文并根据各段大意可知,本文介绍了科学家们用X射线对著名画作《蒙娜丽莎》进行分析,对其颜料使用有了新的发现,揭示了这幅画作一个隐藏的秘密。因此,C项“《蒙娜丽莎》的新秘密”为文章的最佳标题。
【高频词汇】 1.peer into凝视 2.celebrated adj.著名的,闻名的 3.insight n.了解,领悟 4.groundbreaking adj.开创性的,创新的,革新的 5.mysterious adj.神秘的 6.distinctive adj.独特的,有特色的 7.signature n.签字,署名 8.composition n.成分
长难句
原句 Using X-rays to peer into the chemical structure of a tiny speck of the celebrated work of art Mona Lisa, scientists have gained new insight into the techniques that Leonardo da Vinci used to paint his groundbreaking portrait of the woman with the mysterious smile.
分析 本句为主从复合句。现在分词短语“Using X-rays...work of art Mona Lisa”作状语,其中不定式短语“to peer into...”作目的状语;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词techniques;不定式短语“to paint...”作目的状语。
译文 使用X射线,仔细看著名艺术品《蒙娜丽莎》上一颗微粒的化学结构,科学家们对列奥纳多·达·芬奇用来绘制这幅带着神秘微笑的女人的开创性肖像画的技术有了新的认识。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了博物馆的多项社会性功能。
1.F 过渡句。根据上文可知,对于计划旅行的人来说,参观博物馆可能不是他们想到的第一件事。毕竟,有很多方式可以欣赏世界文明,获得令人兴奋的体验,与家人和朋友共度美好时光。F项“然而,事实是博物馆在许多方面提供了神奇的好处。”承接上文,同时引出下文博物馆的各种功能。
2.D 细节句。根据上文“Museums are where people learn something new, at every age! Are you interested in something specific (博物馆是人们学习新东西的地方,不分年龄!你有什么特别的兴趣吗 )”可知,可以去博物馆观看感兴趣的东西;D项“然后,去当地的博物馆了解一下那个主题。”中的“that subject”指代上文的“something specific”。
3.B 主旨句。根据下文“They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose of exposing children to knowledge of various fields and expanding their horizons.(它们肯定是教育经历中令人兴奋的一部分,主要目的是让孩子们接触各个领域的知识,扩大他们的视野。)”可知,博物馆可以让孩子们接受教育,B项“博物馆经常举办以儿童为中心的展览。”可作本段小标题。
4.C 细节句。根据上文“Museums aren't a burden on tax revenue or a separate concern from other city projects.”可知,博物馆不是税收的负担,也不是与其他城市项目分开的单独的问题。C项“相反,它们创造了资金并增加就业。”与上文为转折关系。下文“Statistics show that museums support more than 726,000 jobs in America.(统计数据显示,博物馆在美国提供了超过72.6万个工作岗位。)”呼应C项中“fuel employment”。
5.G 细节句。根据段首句“Museums shape communities.”及空前句“They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other.”可知,本段介绍博物馆塑造社区的功能,博物馆作为一个公共空间可供人们相互交流;G项“即使人们在礼品店购物,也有机会建立联系。”符合文意。
【高频词汇】 1.quality time(尤指关爱子女,增进感情的)黄金时光 2.expose sb. to sth.使某人接触某物
3.expand v.扩大 4.horizon n.眼界 5.burden n.负担,重担 6.collective adj.共同的,集体的 7.identity n.身份 8.bring out 使显现,使表现出 9.fuel v.增加;加强;刺激 10.on the contrary 正相反
【差距词汇】 1.civilization n.文明 2.innovation n.新事物;新方法;创新;改革 3.engaging adj.有趣的;迷人的;令人愉快的 4.interactive adj.互动的
长难句
原句 They also design exhibitions related to visual arts, industrial innovations and anything that inspires an individual to learn about the past and create new paths to the future.
分析 本句为主从复合句。过去分词短语“related to...”作后置定语,修饰名词exhibitions;that引导定语从句,修饰不定代词anything;不定式短语“to learn about...”作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语“an individual”的动作。
译文 他们还设计与视觉艺术、工业新产品以及任何能激励个人了解过去并创造通往未来的新道路的事物有关的展览。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者经历了一次不愉快的美术馆之旅后,上网搜寻适合青少年的美术馆,并了解了一些艺术家的情况。期间作者发现一位艺术家使用不同的技巧绘画,把一些普通的物品融入到艺术中,作者希望将来有机会能去观看他的作品展。
1.D 根据下文“different techniques and generally get creative”可知,在美术课上,我们尝试不同的技巧,变得有创造力。experiment with尝试,符合语境。deal with处理;start with以……开始;struggle with与……斗争。
2.A 根据下文“The next day we complained to our teacher about the 6 of activities for teens at art galleries.”可知,美术馆没有适合青少年的活动,是令人失望的(disappointing)。challenging有挑战性的;exciting令人兴奋的;interesting有趣的。
3.A 根据下文“couldn't stop chatting”和“Our teacher was getting 5 and kept telling us to be quiet”可知,美术馆里挤满了老年人,他们显然不想和吵闹的(noisy)学生们在一起。careless粗心的;attentive专心的;creative创造性的。
4.B 根据下文“couldn't stop chatting”可知,学生们因为无聊(bored)所以一直在聊天。annoyed被惹恼的,生气的;lost丢失的;worried担心的。
5.C 根据上文“We all got 4 and couldn't stop chatting.”可知,老师看到学生们一直在美术馆聊天,担心影响他人,很焦虑(stressed),一直告诉学生们要安静。weak虚弱的;sensitive敏感的;tired感到疲倦的。
6.A 根据下文“That's when I decided to go online and look for art galleries that have special 8 for teens.”可知,作者之所以上网寻找有特殊活动的美术馆是因为之前参观的美术馆缺乏(lack)适合青少年参加的活动。theme主题;result结果;schedule日程安排。
7.D 根据下文“That's when I decided to go online and look for art galleries that have special 8 for teens.”可知,老师同意(agreed)参观活动应该兼顾教育性和趣味性。announce宣布;demand要求;suggest建议。
8.D 根据上文“The next day we complained to our teacher about the 6 of activities for teens at art galleries.”可知,作者决定上网寻找那些为青少年提供特殊活动(events)的美术馆。gift礼物;price价格;painting绘画。
9.C 根据下文“and recommended some to my teacher”可知,作者设法(managed)找到了很多活动。happen发生,碰巧;determine确定;expect预期。
10.B 根据上文“That's when I decided to go online and look for art galleries”可知,作者是使用互联网(Internet)来搜索相关信息的。activity活动;trip旅行;exhibition展览。
11.A 根据下文“but Bailey is totally different”可知,作者已经(already)了解了许多不同的艺术家,所以才能作出比较。never从不;merely仅仅;obviously明显地。
12.D 根据下文“such as umbrellas, headphones and even cookies”可知,该艺术家是将普通的(ordinary)物件做成艺术品。useful有用的;fancy花哨的,精致的;suitable合适的。
13.C 根据上文“His art is simple, but”可知,他的作品虽然简单,但会让你不一样地(differently)看待事物。clearly显然地;directly直接地;differently不同地;critically批判地。
14.B 根据上文“a flower is similar to a mop(拖把)”可知,这是对常见事物的一种看法或者观点(idea)。design设计;plant植物;tool工具。
15.B 上文提到他注意到一朵花和拖把很像,于是他画了一个真正的花拖把小人,再根据下文“I hope I'll be able to go to an exhibition of his work in the future.”可知,因为他的作品很有趣,所以作者才期待未来去看他的作品的展览。abstract抽象的;amusing有趣的;strange奇怪的;practical实际的。
【高频词汇】 1.technique n.技巧 2.complain to sb. about sth.向某人抱怨某事 3.unique adj.独特的
4.household adj.家庭的;家用的 5.object n.物品
【差距词汇】 1.field trip n.(常指学生)野外考察,实地考察,户外教学 2.illustration n.插图;图示
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2025外研版高中英语必修第三册
Unit 4 Amazing art
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings after he moved to a new (社区).
2.Learning (书法)is one of the best ways to approach traditional Chinese culture.
3.(2024浙江省浙里特色联盟期中)It is a must-visit destination for fans of modern and (当代的)art.
4.Scientific research has shown that smoking (香烟)can increase the risk of lung cancer and heart disease.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The book (vivid) describes the living habits of the species living in this area.
2.(2020天津)Lack talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
3.Linda is an attractive lady, and many people are charmed by her (elegant), beauty, and cleverness.
4.The success of her friend stimulated her (start) her own business, but it was really challenging.
5.The teacher explained the science experiment while (demonstrate) how it worked.
6.He saw an umbrella inside—a very old one with a beautifully (carve) wooden handle.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.既然你的电脑正在修,你可以用我的。
Since your computer , you can use mine.
2.在地震中被毁的大部分建筑物正在重建。
Most of the buildings destroyed in the earthquake .
3.我现在正在医院接受治疗,所以我不能和你一起去看电影。
I in the hospital now, so I cannot go to the cinema with you.
题型(二)
Scientists say that global warming isn't the only serious problem that 1 (face) by us human beings up to now. At present, we 2 (threaten) by the decline and even extinction of many species. It's said that half of all insects worldwide have been declining since the 1970s. A new warning is that over 40 percent of insect species may die out in the future. According to some researchers, the number of insects 3 (become) smaller and smaller year by year.
In addition, Dave Goulson, a professor of biology at the University of Sussex, says that a lot of insects 4 (kill) these days by pesticides(杀虫剂) used for farming and gardening. He told reporters, “Three quarters of our crops depend on insect pollinators(传花粉者).If we don't take any measures, we won't even have fruit like strawberries. Actually, a large quantity of rice 5 (consume) every day. But without insects, there would not be enough crops to feed the world's population.” Ever since, all of us 6 (warn) that we can't wait another 25 years before we do anything because it will be too late.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024安徽合肥六校联盟期中)
Using X-rays to peer into the chemical structure of a tiny speck(微粒)of the celebrated work of art Mona Lisa, scientists have gained new insight into the techniques that Leonardo da Vinci used to paint his groundbreaking portrait of the woman with the mysterious smile.
The research, published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, suggests that the famously curious, learned and inventive Italian Renaissance master may have been in a particularly experimental mood when he set to work on Mona Lisa early in the 16th century.
The oil-paint method Leonardo used as his base layer appears to have been different for Mona Lisa, with its own distinctive chemical signature, the team of scientists and art historians in France and Britain discovered. “He was someone who loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically,” said Victor Gonzalez, the study's lead author and a chemist at France's top research body, the CNRS. Gonzalez has studied the chemical composition of dozens of works by Leonardo, Rembrandt and other artists.
Specifically, the researchers found a rare compound, plumbonacrite(水白铅矿)in Leonardo's first layer of paint. The discovery confirmed for the first time what art historians had previously only assumed: Leonardo most likely used lead oxide powder to thicken and help dry his paint as he began working on the portrait. Plumbonacrite is a byproduct of lead oxide, allowing the researchers to say with more certainty that Leonardo likely used the powder in his paint recipe. “Plumbonacrite is really a fingerprint of his recipe,” Gonzalez said. “It's the first time we have confirmed it chemically.”
After Leonardo, Dutch master Rembrandt may have used a similar recipe when he was painting in the 17th century. “It also tells us that those recipes were passed down for centuries,” Gonzalez said. “It was a very good recipe.” But Mona Lisa and other works by Leonardo still have other secrets to tell. “There are plenty, plenty more things to discover, for sure. We are barely scratching the surface,” Gonzalez said. “What we are saying is just a small piece of the knowledge.”
1.What kind of person was Leonardo da Vinci according to the new findings
A.Adventurous and creative. B.Ambitious and generous.
C.Intelligent and mysterious. D.Sensitive and inspiring.
2.What had art historians supposed earlier
A.Rembrandt was fond of imitating Leonardo's style.
B.It is most likely that Leonardo used to be a chemist.
C.The portrait may have been dried in a special way when finished.
D.Leonardo may have employed lead oxide powder in his work.
3.What can we infer according to Gonzalez
A.It is necessary to scratch the surface of Mona Lisa.
B.There is little point in finding the chemicals in the portrait.
C.The scientists have revealed Leonardo's technique thoroughly.
D.There is a long way to go for a deep understanding of Leonardo's works.
4.What is the best title for the text
A.Powerful Chemicals for Painting
B.Leonardo's Experiments on Portraits
C.The New Secret of Mona Lisa
D.Far-reaching Influence of Mona Lisa
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校期中)
For people who are planning a trip, a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of. After all, there are plenty of ways to appreciate the world's civilization, gain exciting experiences and spend quality time with family and friends. 1
Museums are where people learn something new, at every age! Are you interested in something specific 2 There, you will find yourself drawn in and inspired! Museums are a fantastic place to learn about a region's history, scientific achievements, major cultural events, and of course, dinosaurs. They also design exhibitions related to visual arts, industrial innovations and anything that inspires an individual to learn about the past and create new paths to the future.
3 They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose of exposing children to knowledge of various fields and expanding their horizons. To achieve that, museums are working to create meaningful and engaging activities, interactive and knowledge-based.
Museums support tourism. They are tourism promoters in small towns and large cities. Museums aren't a burden on tax revenue(税收)or a separate concern from other city projects. 4 Statistics show that museums support more than 726, 000 jobs in America.
Museums shape communities. They have activities and exhibitions through which visitors can learn about local history. Museums are places where a shared heritage is celebrated and a collective identity is formed. They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other. 5
A.Museums bring out the best qualities in children.
B.Museums often hold kid-centered exhibitions.
C.Instead, they generate funding and fuel employment.
D.Then, visit a local museum to learn about that subject.
E.On the contrary, they consume a small percentage of city funds annually.
F.The fact, however, is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways.
G.Even when people are shopping at the gift shop, there is an opportunity for connections.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023广东深圳高级中学阶段测试)
At school, an art class is fun. We 1 different techniques and generally get creative. However, a field trip to an art gallery is often 2 . Last year my art teacher organized a trip to an art exhibition. The gallery was full of older people, who obviously didn't want to be with 3 students. We all got 4 and couldn't stop chatting. Our teacher was getting 5 and kept telling us to be quiet.
The next day we complained to our teacher about the 6 of activities for teens at art galleries. She 7 that a visit should be both educational and fun. That's when I decided to go online and look for art galleries that have special 8 for teens. Eventually, I 9 to find a huge range of activities and recommended some to my teacher.
I also used the 10 to learn about artists. Recently, I found a contemporary artist called Martin Bailey. I've 11 seen artists who combine different techniques, but Bailey is totally different. He does unique illustrations with 12 household objects such as umbrellas, headphones and even cookies. His art is simple, but it makes you see things 13 . For example, he notices that a flower is similar to a mop(拖把)and puts this 14 into life by drawing a little man with a real flower mop. It's really 15 ! I hope I'll be able to go to an exhibition of his work in the future.
1.A.deal with B.start with
C.struggle with D.experiment with
2.A.disappointing B.challenging
C.exciting D.interesting
3.A.noisy B.careless
C.attentive D.creative
4.A.annoyed B.bored
C.lost D.worried
5.A.weak B.sensitive C.stressed D.tired
6.A.lack B.theme
C.result D.schedule
7.A.announced B.demanded
C.suggested D.agreed
8.A.gifts B.prices
C.paintings D.events
9.A.happened B.determined
C.managed D.expected
10.A.activity B.Internet
C.trip D.exhibition
11.A.already B.never
C.merely D.obviously
12.A.useful B.fancy
C.suitable D.ordinary
13.A.clearly B.directly
C.differently D.critically
14.A.design B.idea
C.plant D.tool
15.A.abstract B.amusing
C.strange D.practical
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 4 Amazing art
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.neighbourhood 2.calligraphy 3.contemporary 4.cigarettes
Ⅱ.1.vividly 考查副词。句意:这本书生动地描述了生活在这个地区的物种的生活习惯。本空修饰动词describes,故应用副词作状语。
2.of 考查介词。句意:缺乏天赋和时间并不是不采取行动的理由。lack of...意为“缺乏……”,故本空应用介词of。
3.elegance 考查名词。句意:琳达是一位迷人的女士,许多人被她的优雅、美丽和聪明吸引。设空处前有形容词性物主代词her,且和beauty、cleverness并列,故此处应用名词形式。此处表示“优雅”,故填elegance。
4.to start 考查非谓语动词。句意:她的朋友的成功激励她开始了自己的事业,但这真的很有挑战性。stimulate sb. to do sth.意为“刺激某人做某事”,故本空应用不定式形式作宾语补足语。
5.demonstrating 考查非谓语动词。句意:老师一边演示科学实验的运作方式,一边解释该实验。本空在句中作状语,动词demonstrate和句子主语The teacher之间为主动关系,故本空应用现在分词形式。
6.carved 考查非谓语动词。句意:他看到里面有一把伞——一把很旧的伞,有一个雕刻精美的木柄。本空修饰名词handle,被修饰名词handle和动词carve之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词作定语。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.is being repaired 2.are being rebuilt
3.am being treated
题型(二)
1.has been faced 句意:科学家们说,全球变暖并不是迄今为止我们人类面临的唯一严重的问题。 设空处为that引导的定语从句的谓语,that指代先行词problem,problem与face之间为被动关系,且up to now常跟现在完成时连用,故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。
2.are being threatened 句意:目前,我们正受到许多物种减少甚至灭绝的威胁。此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作,且主语we与threaten之间为被动关系,故此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
3.is becoming 句意:根据一些研究人员的说法,昆虫的数量一年比一年少。根据语境可知,此处宜用现在进行时,主语为the number of insects,谓语动词应用单数形式,故填is becoming。
易错归因
本题易错填are becoming。注意:the number of的意思是“……的数量”,中心词是number,谓语动词要用单数。a number of的意思是“许多”,修饰可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数。
4.are being killed 句意:此外,萨塞克斯大学的生物学教授Dave Goulson说,现在很多昆虫都被用于农业和园艺的杀虫剂杀死了。 根据时间状语these days可知,此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作,insects与kill之间是被动关系,故此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
5.is consumed 句意:事实上,每天都有大量的大米被吃。 根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时,a large quantity of rice与consume之间是被动关系,故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。注意:a quantity of后接不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
6.have been warned 句意:从那以后,我们所有人都被警告说,我们不能再等25年才采取任何行动,因为为时已晚。根据时间状语Ever since可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语all of us与warn之间为被动关系,故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们用X射线对著名画作《蒙娜丽莎》进行分析,对其颜料使用有了新的发现。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中“the famously curious, learned and inventive Italian Renaissance master may have been in a particularly experimental mood when he set to work on Mona Lisa early in the 16th century(这位以好奇、博学和创造力著称的意大利文艺复兴时期的大师在16世纪初开始创作《蒙娜丽莎》时,可能一直处于一种特别的试验情绪中)”可推知,达·芬奇是一个敢于冒险和有创造力的人。故选A。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The discovery confirmed for the first time what art historians had previously only assumed: Leonardo most likely used lead oxide powder to thicken and help dry his paint as he began working on the portrait.”可知,艺术史学家之前猜测达·芬奇在创作时可能使用了氧化铅粉这种物质。故选D。
3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Gonzalez所说的话“There are plenty, plenty more things to discover, for sure. We are barely scratching the surface”和“What we are saying is just a small piece of the knowledge.”可知,Gonzalez认为目前的发现只触及表面,还有很多东西有待发现。由此可推知,要深入理解达·芬奇的作品还要走很长的路。故选D。
4.C 主旨大意题。
Para. 1 研究人员用X射线探究《蒙娜丽莎》微粒,解开达·芬奇绘画的奥秘。
Para. 2 达·芬奇在绘制《蒙娜丽莎》时充满实验精神。
Para. 3 达·芬奇画《蒙娜丽莎》时用了独特的油彩。
Para. 4 研究人员发现达·芬奇绘画时可能使用了水白铅矿,这验证了艺术史学家的假设。
Para. 5 仍有诸多未解之谜待探索。
通读全文并根据各段大意可知,本文介绍了科学家们用X射线对著名画作《蒙娜丽莎》进行分析,对其颜料使用有了新的发现,揭示了这幅画作一个隐藏的秘密。因此,C项“《蒙娜丽莎》的新秘密”为文章的最佳标题。
【高频词汇】 1.peer into凝视 2.celebrated adj.著名的,闻名的 3.insight n.了解,领悟 4.groundbreaking adj.开创性的,创新的,革新的 5.mysterious adj.神秘的 6.distinctive adj.独特的,有特色的 7.signature n.签字,署名 8.composition n.成分
长难句
原句 Using X-rays to peer into the chemical structure of a tiny speck of the celebrated work of art Mona Lisa, scientists have gained new insight into the techniques that Leonardo da Vinci used to paint his groundbreaking portrait of the woman with the mysterious smile.
分析 本句为主从复合句。现在分词短语“Using X-rays...work of art Mona Lisa”作状语,其中不定式短语“to peer into...”作目的状语;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词techniques;不定式短语“to paint...”作目的状语。
译文 使用X射线,仔细看著名艺术品《蒙娜丽莎》上一颗微粒的化学结构,科学家们对列奥纳多·达·芬奇用来绘制这幅带着神秘微笑的女人的开创性肖像画的技术有了新的认识。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了博物馆的多项社会性功能。
1.F 过渡句。根据上文可知,对于计划旅行的人来说,参观博物馆可能不是他们想到的第一件事。毕竟,有很多方式可以欣赏世界文明,获得令人兴奋的体验,与家人和朋友共度美好时光。F项“然而,事实是博物馆在许多方面提供了神奇的好处。”承接上文,同时引出下文博物馆的各种功能。
2.D 细节句。根据上文“Museums are where people learn something new, at every age! Are you interested in something specific (博物馆是人们学习新东西的地方,不分年龄!你有什么特别的兴趣吗 )”可知,可以去博物馆观看感兴趣的东西;D项“然后,去当地的博物馆了解一下那个主题。”中的“that subject”指代上文的“something specific”。
3.B 主旨句。根据下文“They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose of exposing children to knowledge of various fields and expanding their horizons.(它们肯定是教育经历中令人兴奋的一部分,主要目的是让孩子们接触各个领域的知识,扩大他们的视野。)”可知,博物馆可以让孩子们接受教育,B项“博物馆经常举办以儿童为中心的展览。”可作本段小标题。
4.C 细节句。根据上文“Museums aren't a burden on tax revenue or a separate concern from other city projects.”可知,博物馆不是税收的负担,也不是与其他城市项目分开的单独的问题。C项“相反,它们创造了资金并增加就业。”与上文为转折关系。下文“Statistics show that museums support more than 726,000 jobs in America.(统计数据显示,博物馆在美国提供了超过72.6万个工作岗位。)”呼应C项中“fuel employment”。
5.G 细节句。根据段首句“Museums shape communities.”及空前句“They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other.”可知,本段介绍博物馆塑造社区的功能,博物馆作为一个公共空间可供人们相互交流;G项“即使人们在礼品店购物,也有机会建立联系。”符合文意。
【高频词汇】 1.quality time(尤指关爱子女,增进感情的)黄金时光 2.expose sb. to sth.使某人接触某物
3.expand v.扩大 4.horizon n.眼界 5.burden n.负担,重担 6.collective adj.共同的,集体的 7.identity n.身份 8.bring out 使显现,使表现出 9.fuel v.增加;加强;刺激 10.on the contrary 正相反
【差距词汇】 1.civilization n.文明 2.innovation n.新事物;新方法;创新;改革 3.engaging adj.有趣的;迷人的;令人愉快的 4.interactive adj.互动的
长难句
原句 They also design exhibitions related to visual arts, industrial innovations and anything that inspires an individual to learn about the past and create new paths to the future.
分析 本句为主从复合句。过去分词短语“related to...”作后置定语,修饰名词exhibitions;that引导定语从句,修饰不定代词anything;不定式短语“to learn about...”作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语“an individual”的动作。
译文 他们还设计与视觉艺术、工业新产品以及任何能激励个人了解过去并创造通往未来的新道路的事物有关的展览。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者经历了一次不愉快的美术馆之旅后,上网搜寻适合青少年的美术馆,并了解了一些艺术家的情况。期间作者发现一位艺术家使用不同的技巧绘画,把一些普通的物品融入到艺术中,作者希望将来有机会能去观看他的作品展。
1.D 根据下文“different techniques and generally get creative”可知,在美术课上,我们尝试不同的技巧,变得有创造力。experiment with尝试,符合语境。deal with处理;start with以……开始;struggle with与……斗争。
2.A 根据下文“The next day we complained to our teacher about the 6 of activities for teens at art galleries.”可知,美术馆没有适合青少年的活动,是令人失望的(disappointing)。challenging有挑战性的;exciting令人兴奋的;interesting有趣的。
3.A 根据下文“couldn't stop chatting”和“Our teacher was getting 5 and kept telling us to be quiet”可知,美术馆里挤满了老年人,他们显然不想和吵闹的(noisy)学生们在一起。careless粗心的;attentive专心的;creative创造性的。
4.B 根据下文“couldn't stop chatting”可知,学生们因为无聊(bored)所以一直在聊天。annoyed被惹恼的,生气的;lost丢失的;worried担心的。
5.C 根据上文“We all got 4 and couldn't stop chatting.”可知,老师看到学生们一直在美术馆聊天,担心影响他人,很焦虑(stressed),一直告诉学生们要安静。weak虚弱的;sensitive敏感的;tired感到疲倦的。
6.A 根据下文“That's when I decided to go online and look for art galleries that have special 8 for teens.”可知,作者之所以上网寻找有特殊活动的美术馆是因为之前参观的美术馆缺乏(lack)适合青少年参加的活动。theme主题;result结果;schedule日程安排。
7.D 根据下文“That's when I decided to go online and look for art galleries that have special 8 for teens.”可知,老师同意(agreed)参观活动应该兼顾教育性和趣味性。announce宣布;demand要求;suggest建议。
8.D 根据上文“The next day we complained to our teacher about the 6 of activities for teens at art galleries.”可知,作者决定上网寻找那些为青少年提供特殊活动(events)的美术馆。gift礼物;price价格;painting绘画。
9.C 根据下文“and recommended some to my teacher”可知,作者设法(managed)找到了很多活动。happen发生,碰巧;determine确定;expect预期。
10.B 根据上文“That's when I decided to go online and look for art galleries”可知,作者是使用互联网(Internet)来搜索相关信息的。activity活动;trip旅行;exhibition展览。
11.A 根据下文“but Bailey is totally different”可知,作者已经(already)了解了许多不同的艺术家,所以才能作出比较。never从不;merely仅仅;obviously明显地。
12.D 根据下文“such as umbrellas, headphones and even cookies”可知,该艺术家是将普通的(ordinary)物件做成艺术品。useful有用的;fancy花哨的,精致的;suitable合适的。
13.C 根据上文“His art is simple, but”可知,他的作品虽然简单,但会让你不一样地(differently)看待事物。clearly显然地;directly直接地;differently不同地;critically批判地。
14.B 根据上文“a flower is similar to a mop(拖把)”可知,这是对常见事物的一种看法或者观点(idea)。design设计;plant植物;tool工具。
15.B 上文提到他注意到一朵花和拖把很像,于是他画了一个真正的花拖把小人,再根据下文“I hope I'll be able to go to an exhibition of his work in the future.”可知,因为他的作品很有趣,所以作者才期待未来去看他的作品的展览。abstract抽象的;amusing有趣的;strange奇怪的;practical实际的。
【高频词汇】 1.technique n.技巧 2.complain to sb. about sth.向某人抱怨某事 3.unique adj.独特的
4.household adj.家庭的;家用的 5.object n.物品
【差距词汇】 1.field trip n.(常指学生)野外考察,实地考察,户外教学 2.illustration n.插图;图示
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