2025译林版高中英语必修第三册强化练习题--Unit 1　Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025译林版高中英语必修第三册
Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2024江西上饶期末)The “double reduction” 　　　　(政策) has been carried out since July, 2021.
2.Taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of　　　　(贫穷) is effective.
3.I got an opportunity for f　　　　 studies abroad, improving my knowledge greatly.
4.(2024江苏月考)We need some development 　　　　 (策略) to deal with unemployment.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.(2022新高考Ⅱ)Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
2.The food was being processed in the workshop when the light was cut off.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
3.(2022新高考Ⅱ)Once the registration form is received and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.(2023浙江1月)Many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for 　　　　　(vary)kinds of pollinators(传花粉者).
2.“It wasn't me!”Danny raised his voice in his 　　　　　(defend).
3.(2021北京)From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, resulting in USD 2,970 billion in 　　　　　(economy) loss.
4.Workers are making a protest 　　　　　 high unemployment.
5.(2024江苏月考)This disaster has had a significant impact on local business, giving rise 　　　　　 a decrease in sales.
6.In order to reduce running costs and make more 　　　　　(profit), some food companies don't take necessary safety measures to guarantee the food quality.
7.Compared with ordering takeout, I prefer to cook at home, because plastic boxes can't 　　　　　(recycle).
8.We　　　　　(discuss) the problem for quite a long time, but we haven't reached any conclusions yet.
9.I thought I should have my own money and plan how　　　　　 (spend) it.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.被邀请参加晚会是极大的荣幸。(it)
　　　　 　　　　 a great honor　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 to the evening party.
2.You and Tom both work hard at English.(句式升级;so+助动词+主语)
→You work hard at English,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
3.她点了点头,脸上绽开了灿烂的笑容。(with的复合结构;spread)
She nodded,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 across her face. (读后续写—神态描写)
4.虽然她病了一个多月,但她努力学习,结果她通过了考试。(一句多译)
①Though she had been ill for over a month, she studied hard and　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
②Though she had been ill for over a month, she passed the examination　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
The host invites three guests to the TV show News that Matters to discuss the problem of pollution in Norgate. The three have different opinions.
James Smith, a local resident, protests　1　 heavy industry. When he first moved here,the air used to be fresh, the grass green and the water clear, but things became 　2　(entire) different after heavy industry factories moved in. The river is dirty and smelly and the sky grey. He has even got a cough 　3　 he can't get rid of. For health and safety 　4　(reason) alone, he thinks heavy industry has to go.
However, Vincent Brown, senior manager of　5　 local factory, doesn't agree with Mr Smith. In 　6　(defend) of factories, he says they are responsible businessmen. They have taken a lot of measures 　7　(reduce) pollution while 　8　(produce) goods despite the fact that production costs are raised. Besides, they have created many jobs for local residents and helped the city's 　9　(economy) growth.
Julie Archer, chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee, says that fighting pollution needs a joint effort, and everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse and recycle. In this way, a balance between the environment and economic development can　10　 (achieve).
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024湖南岳阳开学考试)
If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a lesson in sorting garbage. 　1　 is now required that people should sort garbage into four categories—　2　(recycle), harmful, dry and wet waste. If people fail to sort their garbage 　3　(proper), they can 　4　(fine) up to 200 yuan.
More cities are introducing similar regulations,　5　(follow) the practice in Shanghai. However, garbage sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30% of the 　6　(participant) think they are adequately sorting their trash. It's partly because many people lack their willingness to sort their own waste. “It's 　7　 must to have a legal guarantee 　8　(promote) garbage sorting,” said Liu Jianguo, a professor from Tsinghua University.
Aside from China, many other countries　9　(introduce) garbage-sorting regulations in the past years. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill. There is a fixed time for the disposal of each kind of garbage and littering can result 　10　 high fines and even jail time. Over 90% of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of the environment.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2024河南期中)
A new study suggests that the climate change diet might not be good for polar bears. With Arctic(北极的) sea ice reducing, many polar bears have to go to land for their diets during parts of the summer.
A study looking at Hudson Bay polar bears tried to figure out if the creatures can keep their healthy weight levels on such a diet. Researchers found that the majority of the creatures are losing weight no matter what they do to try to increase it.
Some bears find a lot of food—berries, eggs, sea birds and so on. But to get such foods takes a lot of effort. The bears use so many calories trying to eat that they end up losing weight and burning more energy than they take in. Other bears go into a time of semi-hibernation(半冬眠). But they also lose weight. So either way—eating different foods or sleeping a lot—does not work.
Researchers found that 19 of the 20 bears studied dropped an average of 21 kilograms over three weeks. The research observed their calorie intake, energy use and breathing in the wild. The bears lost about 7 percent of their body mass on average in just 21 days.
Polar bears try to keep up their weight in the summer after a spring when they eat a lot and gain weight. In the area of Hudson Bay where researchers studied, lack of sea ice has meant polar bears are on land three weeks longer than in the 1980s.
Last September, when Arctic sea ice hit its yearly low, there was about 2.6 million square kilometers less of sea ice than the same time in 1979. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service lists the polar bear as a threatened species due to the loss of its sea ice habitat.
Overall, the research shows that it is unlikely that polar bears can adapt to living on land.
1.Why do polar bears lose weight even if they find much food
A.They live a rather inactive life.
B.They use more energy than they take in.
C.They no longer have enough sea ice to rest on.
D.They have a hard time in keeping their body temperature.
2.What is the problem with polar bears
A.They find no sea ice in summer.　　　
B.They have to live on land longer.
C.They lose too much weight in spring.　　　
D.They compete with other land animals.
3.What made the polar bear listed as a threatened species
A.Its living environment.　　　
B.Human activities.
C.The changing temperature of sea water.　　　
D.A drop in sea animals' population.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Polar Bears Becoming Smaller and Smaller
B.Polar Bears Having to Adapt to Living on Land
C.The Arctic Ocean Losing Ice Faster than Ever
D.The Climate Change Diet Not Good for Polar Bears
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024江苏盐城开学考试)
The climate emergency demands action from all of us. We need to get to net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 and everyone has a role to play. 　1　.
Transform your transport
Transport accounts for around a quarter of all greenhouse gas emissions globally. Many governments are implementing policies to decarbonize travel. You can get a head start: leave your car at home and walk or cycle whenever possible. 　2　. If you must drive, offer to carpool with others so that fewer cars are on the road.
Reduce your power use
If you can, switch to a zero-carbon or renewable energy provider. Install solar panels on your roof.　3　. Switch off appliances when you are not using them. Better yet, buy the most efficient products in the first place.
Don't waste food
　4　. People globally waste 1 billion tonnes of food each year, which accounts for around 8-10 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Avoid waste by only buying what you need. Take advantage of every edible part of the foods you purchase. Be creative with leftovers, share extras with your friends and neighbors, and contribute to a local food-sharing plan.
　5　
Every year, approximately 12 million hectares of forest are destroyed. This deforestation, combined with agriculture and other land use changes, is responsible for roughly 25 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. We can all play a part in changing this trend by planting trees, either individually or as part of a collective.
A.Plant trees
B.Eat plant-based meals
C.Buy fewer new clothes and wear them longer
D.If the distances are too far, choose public transport
E.Turn your heating down a degree or two if possible
F.One-third of all food produced is either lost or wasted
G.Here are four ways you can help fight the climate crisis
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅴ.读后续写
(2023江苏南通阶段练习)
　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My husband Frank and I lived a simple life—carrying lunch to work, skipping vacations, and staying in. But it was our fifteenth wedding anniversary, so we decided to choose an expensive Italian restaurant.
Halfway through our very delicious dinner, Frank and I noticed that the two diners at the table on our right seemed to be looking for something under their table and all around. The elegantly dressed woman appeared to be in her late seventies, and the much younger male companion looked like her son. The woman kept touching her ear.
“Did you lose an earring ” I asked.
The woman shook her head and looked worried.
“My hearing aid,” she said. “My son finally convinced me to get it this week, and it's so expensive, and...” she trailed off. “My son's eyesight is better than mine, but he can't find it either.”
No waiters seemed to be helping, and the other Saturday night diners seemed to be purposely ignoring the small commotion.
Frank stood up immediately. “Let me look,” he offered. “You never know, maybe a fresh eye will spot it.”
“Oh, it's very small, and it's the same color as the floor,” the woman said, adding, “I don't want to bother you.”
“That's OK and let me try,” Frank said, and dropped to a crouch, moving a few inches at a time, eyes and hands sweeping back and forth.
Meanwhile, I stood over their table, scrutinizing(仔细检查), moving the dishes, using a fork to look under the bread in the basket, running my hands over the tablecloth, and shifting the plates.
“Thank you so much, you two,” the woman said. “But I'm afraid it's lost forever. Your dinner's getting cold; please don't worry.”
I saw tears forming in her eyes. Soon, her son sank back into his chair, too. But Frank kept looking until one of them thanked him again, and he too, finally sat down to finish eating.
Ten minutes later, as we were finishing our entrées, the mother and son were sipping coffee, silent.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
　　“I'm going to take one more look,”my husband said.　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Frank smiled and said,“You are welcome. I'm just glad to be of help.”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 1　Nature in the balance
Part 3　Extended reading, Project,
Assessment & Further study
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.policy　2.poverty　3.further　4.strategies
Ⅱ.1.名词;过程　句意:对大多数人来说,写文章是一个困难的过程。
2.动词;加工　句意:食品正在车间被加工,这时灯灭了。
3.动词;审核　句意:一旦收到并审核报名表后,我们将在两个工作日内发送确认邮件。
Ⅲ.1.various　考查形容词。分析句子可知,设空处作定语,修饰空后的名词短语,应用形容词,故填various。
2.defence　考查名词。根据his可知,此处应用名词。in one's defence意为“为……辩护”。故填defence。句意:“不是我!”丹尼提高嗓门为自己辩护。
3.economic　考查形容词。设空处在句中作定语修饰loss,应用形容词。故填economic。句意:2000年至2019年,全球共发生重大自然灾害7,348起,造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。
4.against　考查介词。a protest against...为固定搭配,意为“对……的抗议”。句意:工人们正在抗议高失业率。
5.to　考查介词。give rise to为固定搭配,意为“使发生(或存在)”。句意:这场灾难对当地商业造成了重大影响,导致销售量下降。
6.profits　考查固定搭配。make profits意为“获得利润”。故填profits。句意:为了降低运营成本和获得更多的利润,一些食品公司没有采取必要的安全措施来保证食品质量。
7.be recycled　考查动词的语态。动词recycle与从句主语plastic boxes之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。设空处位于情态动词后,应用动词原形,故填be recycled。句意:与叫外卖相比,我更喜欢在家做饭,因为塑料盒不能回收。
8.have been discussing　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据“for quite a long time”和“but we haven't reached any conclusions yet”可知,从过去的某个时间开始讨论问题且问题现在还没讨论完,所以用现在完成进行时。主语为We,故填have been discussing。句意:这个问题我们已经讨论了很长时间,但还没有得出任何结论。
9.to spend　考查不定式。“疑问词+不定式”作宾语,结合空前的how可知此处应用不定式。故填to spend。
Ⅳ.1.It is;to be invited　2.and so does Tom　3.with a big smile spreading　4.①as a consequence she passed the examination　②as a consequence of studying hard
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.against　考查介词。protest against...表示“反对……”,故填against。
2.entirely　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词different,应用副词,故填entirely。
3.that/which　考查定语从句的关系词。设空处无提示词,分析句子可知,空后部分缺少宾语,句中无连词,故推测设空处引导定语从句,并在从句中作宾语,先行词为a cough,故填that或which。
4.reasons　考查名词的数。此处reason为可数名词,表示多种原因,应用复数形式。故填reasons。
5.a　考查冠词。此处表泛指,指“一家当地工厂”,local的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
6.defence　考查名词。in defence of...表示“为……辩护”,故填defence。
7.to reduce　考查动词不定式。take measures to do sth.表示“采取措施做某事”,故填to reduce。
8.producing　考查现在分词。空前为while,分析句子成分可知,“while 　8　 goods”是时间状语从句的省略形式,完整形式为“while they are producing goods”,从句谓语含有be动词,且从句主语和主句主语一致,此处省略they are,故填producing。
9.economic　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词growth,应用形容词。economic growth经济增长。
10.be achieved　考查动词的语态。设空处与can一起构成谓语,achieve与主语之间是被动关系,故填be achieved。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国垃圾分类的现状及垃圾分类的重要性。
1.It　考查代词。分析句子结构可知,此处为“It is required that...”句型,It作形式主语,代替主语从句。故填It。
2.recyclable　考查形容词。分析可知,设空处修饰名词waste,应用形容词,recyclable表示“可回收的”。故填recyclable。
3.properly　考查副词。设空处作状语,应用副词形式,故填properly。
4.be fined　考查动词的语态。设空处与can一起构成谓语,主语they和动词fine之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填be fined。
5.following　考查现在分词。句中已有谓语are introducing,句中无连词,所以设空处需用非谓语动词,More cities和follow之间是逻辑上的主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填following。
6.participants　考查名词的数。设空处是句子的主语,根据谓语动词think可知,主语为复数形式。故填participants。
7.a　考查冠词。此处must用作名词,表示“必须要做的事”,为可数名词,设空处需填冠词,此处泛指“一件必须要做的事”,所以用不定冠词,must的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
8.to promote　考查动词不定式。句中已有谓语is,句中无连词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词。结合语境可知有法律保障的目的是促进垃圾分类,所以用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to promote。
9.have introduced　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语,根据in the past years可知此处应用现在完成时,主语是复数形式。故填have introduced。
10.in　考查介词。result in是固定短语,意为“导致”。故填in。
【高频词汇】　1.sort v.把……分类;整理　2.garbage n.垃圾　3.category n.种类　4.legal adj.法律要求的;合法的　5.guarantee n.保证;保修单　6.basic adj.基本的
【差距词汇】　1.regulation n.规则;法规　2.adequately adv.充分地,足够地　3.jail n.监狱;监禁
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现,随着北极海冰的减少,许多北极熊不得不在夏季的部分时间前往陆地觅食,气候变化后的饮食可能对北极熊不利。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The bears use so many calories...burning more energy than they take in.”可知,由于北极熊消耗的能量超过了摄入的能量,所以它们体重减轻。故选B。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第五段第二句中的“lack of sea ice has meant polar bears are on land three weeks longer than in the 1980s”可知,与以前相比,北极熊必须在陆地上生活更长时间。故选B。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第六段第二句“The United States Fish and Wildlife Service lists...due to the loss of its sea ice habitat.”可知,失去了海冰栖息地,即北极熊的生存环境发生变化,使它被列为濒危物种。故选A。
4.D　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“A new study suggests that the climate change diet might not be good for polar bears.”和下文介绍的原因及研究过程可知,文章主要讲述了气候变化后的饮食可能对北极熊不利,所以D项“气候变化后的饮食对北极熊不利”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.figure out弄清楚,弄明白　2.majority n.大多数　3.effort n.努力　4.energy n.能量;精力　5.on average平均　6.lack n.缺乏,不足　7.adapt to适应
【熟词生义】　hit v.达到(某水平)
【差距词汇】　1.intake n.摄取量;吸入　2.overall adv.总的说来,大体上
长难句
原句　A study looking at Hudson Bay polar bears tried to figure out if the creatures can keep their healthy weight levels on such a diet.
分析　本句是一个主从复合句。“looking at Hudson Bay polar bears”是现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰study;if引导宾语从句“if the creatures...diet”,作figure out的宾语。
译文　一项针对哈德逊湾北极熊的研究试图弄清楚这种生物是否能在这种饮食下保持健康的体重水平。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种应对气候危机的方法。
1.G　上文提到气候紧急情况要求我们所有人都采取行动,下文介绍了应对气候危机的四个方法。所以G项“这里有四种你可以帮助应对气候危机的方法”承上启下,引出下文的四种方法。故选G。
2.D　上文建议只要有可能就步行或骑自行车,下文提到了必须开车时应如何做,D项“如果距离太远,选择公共交通工具”承上启下,说明不必开车时如何选择交通工具,符合语境。故选D。
3.E　上文建议在屋顶上安装太阳能电池板,下文建议当你不使用电器时,关掉它们。E项“如果可能的话,把你的暖气调低一两度”与前后文并列,针对如何节能提出建议,符合语境。故选E。
4.F　设空处下文主要介绍了食物浪费的现象和该如何减少食物浪费,F项“所有生产的食物中有三分之一不是损失就是浪费”引出下文,说明了食物浪费的现象,符合语境。故选F。
5.A　根据本段内容可知,本段的建议是植树,A项“植树”符合本段主旨,且Plant trees对应下文中的planting trees。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.demand v.需要;强烈要求　2.transform v.使改变　3.transport n.交通工具　4.take advantage of利用　5.purchase v.购买,采购　6.combine v.(使)结合
7.responsible adj.作为原因的;负责的　8.trend n.趋势;时尚
【熟词生义】　net adj.净的,纯的
【差距词汇】　1.implement v.贯彻,执行　2.decarbonize v.使(环境,进程)碳减排　3.head start n.起步前的优势
4.edible adj.适宜使用的;可以吃的　5.deforestation n.滥伐森林
Ⅴ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
Time on the fifteenth wedding anniversary,during the dinner 开心 好奇 担心 失落、 伤心 (母子) 惊喜、 欣慰 感激 (母子)
Place in an Italian restaurant
Character Frank, the author, the old woman and her son
Reason An old woman lost her hearing aid while Frank and I were having dinner in an Italian restaurant.
Period 1 作者夫妇选择一家昂贵的意大利餐厅度过他们的十五周年结婚纪念日。
Period 2 作者夫妇在晚餐吃到一半时,发现右边桌子的母子在找东西,询问后知道老人丢失了助听器。
Period 3 作者夫妇帮着这对母子找助听器,但是没有找到,最终他们都放弃了寻找。
Para. 1 “I'm going to take one more look,” my husband said. ①Frank是如何找的 ②助听器失而复得,老太太的心情怎样
Para. 2 Frank smiled and said, “You are welcome. I'm just glad to be of help.” ①找到助听器后Frank做了什么 ②老太太母子会有怎样的感谢
One possible version:
“I'm going to take one more look,”my husband said. Then, with his head down, he rummaged carefully, not caring about the mess, only worrying about missing a detail. Time went by bit by bit, and hard work paid off. “Ah! Here it is.” With a burst of surprise, Frank finally found a grape-sized hearing aid. The item he found was the elegantly dressed woman's missing hearing aid. After cleaning the hearing aid up, the woman put it on. They thanked Frank from the bottom of their hearts.
　　Frank smiled and said,“You are welcome. I'm just glad to be of help.” Frank came back to our table. We drank coffee and happily recalled the sweet life together. We imagined the bright future together. Later, the old lady and her son said goodbye and checked out. When we wanted to check out as well, the waiter told us that the two previous diners had checked out for us and left a note that said, “Thank you. Your help is like a lifeline, which makes me grateful. Best wishes, kind people.”
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