2025译林版高中英语必修第三册强化练习题--Unit 2　Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025译林版高中英语必修第三册
Unit 2　Natural disasters
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2024陕西宝鸡期末)An e　　　　 is the door where you can leave a building.
2.(2024重庆月考)The plane 　　　　(碰撞) in an area of thick jungle and there were no survivors.
3.(2021新高考Ⅰ)Mother 　　　　(拥抱) them tightly and kissed them again and again.
4.Thankfully, there are rescue groups that can help when such a natural d　　　　 happens.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024河南信阳期中)He knew that if he informed the teacher 　　　　　 it, he would absolutely lose it all.
2.Vivien was annoyed at her father's 　　　　　(react) but she agreed to work as a volunteer in the end.
3.To write a good essay, you must first organize your ideas in an 　　　　　(order) way.
4.The report forecasts that we will meet the most 　　　　　(destruct) typhoon.
5.The host signaled the people in the sports hall　　　　　(be) quiet.
6.When he was working on a skyscraper construction site, he 　　　　　(injure), losing his ability to walk.
7.It　　　　　(confirm) that measures have been taken by the local government to rescue those trapped in the building.
8.(2024江苏无锡月考)　　　　　suddenly occurred to him that he had a bad habit to get rid of.
9.Jennifer became the first in her large family　　　　　(earn) a bachelor's degree.
Ⅲ.选词填空
safe and sound; keep one's head; to one's relief
It is reported that a house collapsed(倒塌) yesterday due to a typhoon and two children were buried in ruins. Happily, they soon 1.　　　　　　. The soldiers tried their best to save them and 2.　　　　　　, the children were 3.　　　　　　 when they were finally found.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.想到迈克能找到工作,我松了一口气,并对所有帮助过迈克的人心存感激。(relief)
Thinking Mike could find a job, I sighed　　　　 　　　　 and felt grateful to all the people who helped Mike.(读后续写—心理描写)
2.(2023新课标Ⅱ)我被告知我在写作比赛中获得了一等奖。(inform)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 I won the first prize in the writing contest.
3.我们正在爬山,这时开始下起雨来。
We　　　　 　　　　 the mountain　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
4.比尔(Bill)一开门就认出了这对善良的夫妇,他微笑着和他们打招呼。(一句多译)
①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, he recognized the kind couple,and he greeted them with a smile. (the moment)(读后续写—动作描写)
②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 he recognized the kind couple and he greeted them with a smile. (Hardly...when)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
On 17 March, Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School,　1　(teach) when the floor began to shake. The students reacted 　2　(proper)—they moved under their desks and held on to the legs of the desks. When the shaking stopped, it was the best time for the class 　3　 (make) their escape. Miss Brown let her students exit the classroom in 　4　 orderly line with their hands on their heads. Soon, the whole class went to the playground with none of them 　5　 (injure). It was the practice of earthquake 　6　(safe) procedures that helped the students protect 　7　(they) during the earthquake.
On 20 December, the day began as usual on Goldshore Beach. People were walking, running or simply sitting on it. However, a 10-year-old girl noticed that something odd happened to the water,　8　 was signs of a 　9　(come) tsunami. She kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer about the signs. 　10　 her relief, the officer rapidly cleared the people just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. Thanks to the girl, around 100 people were saved.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024江苏徐州期中)
The idea that animals can sense earthquakes 　1　(be) a popular one, and stories about animals behaving strangely before earthquakes 　2　(tell) for centuries.
Researchers 　3　 believe that animals can sense earthquakes suggest that animals may be able to feel the earth shake before humans. It has been confirmed that animals are easier to be influenced by small environmental changes than humans are. Other researchers have suggested animals may sense chemical or electrical changes in the field of the Earth which could be signs of 　4　 earthquake.
However, other scientists think the animals' ability 　5　(sense) earthquakes is very doubtful, 　6　(say) that animals react to 　7　(vary) things, like being hungry, protecting their land, mating, enemies... Animal behaviorists also point out that human psychology may have an effect on pet owners, as they prefer to believe that their animals have the power of giving 　8　(warn) before earthquakes.
Can animals sense earthquakes The answer 　9　 this question is not clear. So far, debate over 　10　 animals can truly sense earthquakes has not solved the question.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2023河北保定校考阶段练习)
Massive flooding in America's Yellowstone National Park caused widespread damage and resulted in many changes far and wide. The recent floodwater changed the path of a river popular for fishing. It also devastated homes, bridges and roadways.
Yellowstone became America's first national park in 1872. It is known for its natural beauty that includes mountains, rivers and lakes. The forces of fire and ice have shaped the park for thousands of years. It is a place where visitors can get close to different kinds of wildlife.
Flooding caused by heavy rains and melting mountain snow did cause a lot of damage. It drove more than 10,000 visitors out of the park. The rain also damaged hundreds of homes in nearby communities. Luckily, no one was reported hurt. However, the park could remain closed for up to one week. Some entrances might not open all summer. The water also washed away camp structures, flooded small towns and caused power cuts in parts of southern Montana and northern Wyoming. The event happened as the park was beginning its busy summer season and received millions of summer visitors.
The Yellowstone River was running at a historically high level of 4.9 meters as it flowed past Billings, Montana's largest city. The city got its water from the river and was forced to close its treatment plant(工厂) because it couldn't operate effectively with a that high water level. Billings officials said the city only had a 24-hour supply of water. They were asking people to protect water until the river could drop and the plant could restart operation. “None of us planned a 500-year flood event in Yellowstone when we designed the equipment,” said Debi Meling, the city's director of public works.
Yellowstone officials said, “The northern half of the park is likely to remain closed over the summer. This will greatly affect the local economy that depends on summer tourists. But we have faith in the park's repairs and economic recovery.”
1.What does the underlined word “devastated” mean in Paragraph 1
A.Developed.　　　B.Designed.　　　
C.Destroyed.　　　D.Demanded.
2.What can we learn about flooding from Paragraph 3
A.Its bad effects.　　　B.Its lasting time.
C.The repairs after it.　　　D.The wildlife hurt in it.
3.What happened to the treatment plant in Billings after flooding
A.It stopped working.
B.It was forced to operate.
C.It only cut down the city's water supply for 24 hours.
D.It was asked to design new equipment to protect water.
4.What's the attitude of Yellowstone officials to the rebuilding work after flooding
A.Uncertain.　　　B.Unconcerned.　　　
C.Curious.　　　D.Confident.
B
(2024江苏连云港期中)
Two and a half months before the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season officially begins, and almost six months before it enters its peak(高峰), weathermen are already predicting(预测) that it could be particularly active.
Officially, the hurricane season begins from June 1 and runs through November. One reason is that sea surface temperatures in the tropical(热带的) Atlantic are already at record highs.
Meanwhile, another significant potential factor in this year's hurricane season is taking shape thousands of miles away in the Pacific. Over periods ranging from two to seven years, the waters of the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean warm and cool in turn as a result of a repeating climate pattern called the El Ni o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO). El Ni o makes Atlantic hurricanes less likely to form but La Ni a does.
During the 2023 season, ENSO was in an El Ni o period. However, by the time the 2024 season starts, it will have changed into a “neutral(中立)” period, but by the peak months, it is likely to have changed fully into a La Ni a period.
“How quickly that change occurs can affect everything as well,” says DaSilva, a leading hurricane weatherman. “There's a lag time. So, while we expect the change to occur in mid-summer, it may not be until late summer or fall where we really see those effects across the Atlantic basin.” As a result, he says, this year's hurricane season could remain particularly active deep into November.
Of course, no report can predict when individual storms will come or the paths they will take, but DaSilva warns that those who live in areas likely to suffer hurricanes, especially around the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico, should prepare. “If a tropical storm system comes into this area, it could rapidly strengthen, potentially close to land,” he also warns. “And that's why people need to be careful and have their hurricane plans ready. Because any system with these kinds of conditions can explode very quickly. That's what we're concerned about.”
5.What is the function of Paragraph 1
A.To give advice.　　　B.To explain the season.
C.To introduce the topic.　　　D.To inform a weather report.
6.What is a reason for this year's hurricane season
A.The hurricane season has entered its peak.
B.A repeating climate has changed weather in summer.
C.The sea surface temperatures are the highest of all time.
D.El Ni o makes Atlantic hurricanes more likely to form.
7.What do the underlined words “a lag time” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A.A time delay.　　　B.A time in a zone.　　　
C.A time waste.　　　D.A time in advance.
8.What does DaSilva agree with about this year's hurricane season
A.It can be exactly predicted ahead of time.
B.People needn't worry about the hurricane season.
C.It may be eventually controlled by weathermen.
D.People can't be more careful about the hurricane season.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 2　Natural disasters
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.exit　2.crashed　3.hugged　4.disaster
Ⅱ.1.of/about　考查介词。inform sb. of/about sth.意为“通知某人某事”。句意:他知道如果把这件事告诉老师,他绝对会完全失去它。
2.reaction　考查名词。设空处作宾语,空前为her father's,应用名词形式。故填reaction。句意:父亲的反应让维维恩很恼火,但最终她答应了去做志愿者。
3.orderly　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词way,应用形容词。故填orderly。
4.destructive　考查形容词。设空处修饰typhoon,且前面有the most,由此可知此处是形容词最高级。故填destructive。
5.to be　考查动词不定式。signal sb. to do sth.意为“示意某人做某事”。故填to be。
6.was injured　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为主句谓语,动词injure与主语he之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,结合语境可知,此处表示发生在过去的事情,所以需要用一般过去时,主语为he,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填was injured。句意:当他在一个摩天大楼的建筑工地工作时,他受了伤,失去了行走的能力。
7.is confirmed　考查固定句式。此处构成“It is confirmed that...”句式,意为“据证实……”。句意:据证实,当地政府已经采取措施去营救被困在大楼里的那些人了。
8.It　考查固定句式。此处构成“It occurred to sb. that...”句式,意为“某人想起……”,其中It作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语。故填It。句意:他突然想起他有一个坏习惯要改掉。
9.to earn　考查动词不定式作定语。the first后接动词不定式作定语。故填to earn。句意:珍妮弗是她的大家庭中第一个获得学士学位的人。
类比启发
当中心词是序数词、形容词最高级、the last、the only等或被这类词修饰时,多用不定式作后置定语。
Ⅲ.1.kept their head　2.to their relief　3.safe and sound
Ⅳ.1.in/with relief　2.I was informed that　3.were climbing;when it began to rain　4.①The moment Bill opened the door　②Hardly had Bill opened the door when
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.was teaching　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,此处是“was/were doing sth. when...”句型,表示“正在做某事,这时……”,主语是Alice Brown,谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填was teaching。
2.properly　考查副词。此处修饰动词reacted,应用副词,故填properly。
3.to make　考查动词不定式。设空处在句中作定语,修饰time,根据前面的最高级the best可知此处应用动词不定式。故填 to make。
4.an　考查冠词。line是可数名词单数形式,此处是泛指,故应填不定冠词,又因为orderly的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
5.injured　考查过去分词。“with none of them　5　”是with的复合结构,设空处作宾补,none of them与动词injure之间是被动关系,故用过去分词injured。
6.safety　考查名词。设空处作定语,与earthquake一起修饰procedures,表示“地震安全程序”,说明被修饰词的类别,故用名词形式。句意:正是地震安全程序的实践帮助学生们在地震中保护了自己。
7.themselves　考查反身代词。设空处作protect的宾语,指代the students,表示“保护他们自己”,应用反身代词。
8.which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前为逗号,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,先行词为something,故填which。
9.coming　考查现在分词。根据空前的不定冠词a和空后的名词tsunami可知,设空处作定语,修饰tsunami,且动词come与tsunami之间是主动关系,故用现在分词coming,表示“即将到来的”。
10.To　考查介词。to one's relief表示“让某人宽慰的是”,是固定搭配,注意首字母大写。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了针对“动物可以预测地震”这个说法,科学家们持不同的态度。
1.is　考查时态和主谓一致。本句叙述的是一般事实,所以用一般现在时,主语是The idea。故填is。
2.have been told　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作谓语,主语为stories,为名词复数形式,与tell构成被动关系,结合for centuries可知,此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been told。
3.who/that　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,分析句子可知,“　3　 believe that animals can sense earthquakes”缺少主语,所以设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为Researchers,故用关系代词who或that。
4.an　考查冠词。earthquake为可数名词,此处为泛指,应用不定冠词,earthquake的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
5.to sense　考查动词不定式。名词ability后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to sense。
6.saying　考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知设空处应填非谓语动词,other scientists与say之间为主动关系,所以需用现在分词作状语。故填saying。
7.various　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词things,表示“各种各样的”,需用形容词作定语。故填various。
8.warnings　考查名词。设空处作giving的宾语,表示“警告”,warning在此处为可数名词,此处表示多种警告,所以应用warning的复数形式。故填warnings。
9.to　考查介词。the answer to...是固定用法。故填to。
10.whether　考查宾语从句。over是介词,设空处引导宾语从句,从句中不缺成分,根据语境可知,此处表示“是否”,需用whether。故填whether。
易错归因
本题易误填if。if和whether都表示“是否”,但引导介词后面的宾语从句时只能用whether,不能用if。
【高频词汇】　1.sense v.感觉到　2.shake n.& v.颤动;摇动　3.confirm v.证实,确认　4.react to...对……作出反应　5.point out指出　6.power n.能力;权力;控制力　7.debate n.辩论;争论
【差距词汇】　1.behaviorist n.行为主义者
2.psychology n.心理;心理学
长难句
原句　Animal behaviorists also point out that human psychology may have an effect on pet owners, as they prefer to believe that their animals have the power of giving warnings before earthquakes.
分析　本句是一个主从复合句。第一个that引导宾语从句“that human psychology...earthquakes”,作point out的宾语,其中as引导原因状语从句,第二个that引导宾语从句,作believe的宾语。
译文　动物行为学家还指出,人类的心理可能会对宠物主人产生影响,因为他们更愿意相信他们的动物有能力在地震前发出警告。
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了洪水给美国黄石国家公园造成的破坏和影响。
1.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知,美国黄石国家公园的大规模洪水造成了广泛的破坏,并导致了许多变化,最近的洪水改变了一条受欢迎的钓鱼河流的路径。所以本段主要介绍了大洪水造成的破坏与变化,画线词前的also表明该句也是讲述洪水造成的破坏,因此推知devastated意为“破坏”。故选C。
2.A　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知,大雨和山地积雪融化造成的洪水确实造成了很大的破坏,下文则具体介绍了洪水造成的破坏。由此可知,从第三段可以了解洪水的坏影响。故选A。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知,随着水位不断上升,该处理厂被迫关闭。故选A。
4.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“we have faith in the park's repairs”可知,他们对重建工作有信心。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.damage n.损坏,损害 v.损害,伤害
2.force n.力;武力;力量　3.structure n.结构物;构造
4.treatment n.处理;对待;治疗　5.operate v.运行;操作;动手术→operation n.运转;运作　6.official n.官员
7.equipment n.设备,用具　8.economic adj.经济的;节约的
【熟词生义】　1.shape v.使成形,塑造　2.run v.流淌,流动
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。气象专家预测2024年大西洋飓风季将异常活跃,受创纪录海温及拉尼娜现象影响,高峰期可能延长至11月,提醒居民提前准备。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Atlantic hurricane season...that it could be particularly active”可知,第一段主要是引出文章的话题。故选C。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“One reason is...at record highs.”可知,海面温度是有史以来最高,这是今年飓风季节的原因之一。故选C。
7.A　词义猜测题。根据第五段画线短语的下一句可知,我们预计变化将在仲夏时节发生,但直到晚夏或秋季,大西洋盆地可能才真正感受到这些影响。根据关键词So可知前后句为因果关系,所以可推知,“a lag time”是指“滞后时间”,与A项“时间延迟”意义相近。故选A。
8.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,DaSilva警告称如果一个热带风暴系统进入这个区域,它可能会在接近陆地时迅速加强,这就是为什么人们需要小心并准备好飓风应对计划,因为在这些条件下,任何系统都可能迅速增强。所以推知,D项“人们对飓风季节再小心都不为过”是他赞同的观点。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.officially adv.正式地,官方地
2.significant adj.重要的;显著的　3.as a result of由于,因为　4.affect v.影响　5.suffer v.经受,遭受
6.strengthen v.加强　7.explode v.突然活跃起来;激增;迅速扩大　8.concerned adj.担心的
【熟词生义】　high n.最高水平
【差距词汇】　El Ni o厄尔尼诺现象
长难句
原句　Of course, no report can predict when individual storms will come or the paths they will take, but DaSilva warns that those who live in areas likely to suffer hurricanes, especially around the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico, should prepare.
分析　本句是but连接的并列复合句。在前一分句中,when引导宾语从句“when individual...come”,作predict的宾语,“they will take”为省略that的定语从句,修饰paths;在后一分句中,that引导宾语从句,who引导定语从句,修饰those。
译文　当然,没有报告可以预测个别风暴何时到来或它们将经过的路径,但DaSilva警告说,那些生活在可能遭受飓风袭击地区的人,特别是加勒比海地区和墨西哥湾周围的人,应该做好准备。
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