河南省焦作市博爱县第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 河南省焦作市博爱县第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-11-04 20:01:06 | ||
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2024-2025学年河南省焦作市博爱县博爱县第一中学高三上学期10月月考英语试题
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Eating ice cream is a summer must. But some people love ice cream so much that they eat it all year round. So what makes ice cream so delicious and irresistible Find this out in the Ice Cream College-also known as the Ice Cream Short course.
A brief introduction of the course
The course is the oldest and largest one that deals with the science of ice cream. It actually began in 1892 as part of a course about dairy manufacturing and was held in January when farm work was less pressing. In 1925, after ice cream became popular, a separate course that was devoted to making ice cream was established. Every year, 120 students from around the globe attend the program and there are 4,400 graduates to date. Certificates are awarded after the course.
Other information about the course
Length of learning time: a week.
Contents: More than 20 workshops about all aspects of ice cream production including flavors and freezing. You can learn how milk proteins interact with fat and what happens if ingredients are changed. Classes on milk composition, dairy production, and even ice cream physics are offered.
Research location: Penn State’s The Berkey Creamery
Other tips: The course is so popular that when registration opens, it is full in hours. So remember to be concerned about the course in advance and contact us once you are lucky enough to be one of the students. You can also send us your advice after learning it.
1. What was the original purpose of the Ice Cream Short course
A. To advertise new brands of dairy products.
B. To promote the popularity of dairy products.
C. To train learners into experts in dairy products.
D. To introduce the procedure of making dairy products.
2. What do we know about the course
A. It takes students half a month to learn it. B. Students can learn it in twenty workshops.
C. Certificates will be presented after it is over. D. Students can choose it according to their habits.
3. What are people supposed to do to attend the Ice Cream College
A. Register quickly when it is open. B. Learn the course online in advance.
C. Contact the organizers when they’re free. D. Send their advice to the organizers.
B
My husband made a little two-story house that mirrored our own in color and design for our Little Free Library, while I carefully selected books from our shelves. The idea resonated (引起共鸣) with us immediately — instead of selling the books we didn’t want to read, we could simply walk them to the roadside.
Fifteen or so years later, it’s safe to say that thousands of books, as well as the occasional DVDs, CDs and jigsaw puzzles have been shared through our little library. Situated on a busy street just a few blocks from a subway station, our little library sees dozens, perhaps hundreds, of passers-by each day.
Many of those who use our library do not hesitate to share their love of this neighborhood resource. One gentleman regularly stops by to pick up books for a nearby retirement home. At other times, we have received cards and gifts, including chocolates and even a personalized drawing from a local artist.
Like the people who use our library, the books that come and go reflect the broad diversity of our city. Arabic, French and Russian books are staples among the dominant English-language books. I’ve even collected favorite books of mine in languages I don’t understand, simply for the joy of adding another edition to my collection. Surprisingly, our library hasn’t dealt with our book storage problem — if anything, we now have more books than ever before.
I have heard some complaints that Little Free Libraries do not always serve the purpose of building community and may compete with our public libraries and independent bookstores. This has not been our experience. We continue to buy more books than we need and we are fiercely loyal users of the public system. Our Little Free Library has raised our love of reading and has connected (联系) us to a community of book lovers in the heart of our busy neighborhood.
4. Why did the author and her husband create the Little Free Library
A. To make friends with book lovers. B. To deal with their unwanted books.
C. To prepare for used book sales. D. To make use of community resources.
5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The various resources of the library.
B People’s contributions to the library.
C. The friendships between library users.
D. The author’s impression of her neighborhood.
6. Which of the following can account for the author’s passion for the library
A. Its advantage to public libraries.
B. Its close distance to a busy street.
C. Its success in solving book storage.
D Its reflecting city diversity through books.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. The Comfortable Reading Corner: Promoting Reading
B. The Whispering Pages: Tales from a Shared Library
C. The Little Free Library: Contributing to Closer Connection
D. The Magic Bookshelf: Account of Neighborhood Harmony
C
It has become as much a part of our daily life as getting our to-go coffee: the screen turn. It’s the moment when you’ve ordered your coffee, and the barista (咖啡师) turns the payment screen toward you with a dialog box asking you for a tip.
Tipping is on the rise across the U. S. as more and more businesses have started asking for a little extra: fast food restaurants, grocery stores, online stores, stadiums, and even self-checkout machines are now asking for a tip these days.
Social media is filled with people who are confused about tipping. One woman posted a video online after being asked to tip for her Subway sandwich. “Do we tip at Subway ” she asks. “Is that a thing Tell me!” Another woman has also expressed shock over being asked to tip at a self-checkout station at an airport. “I don’t want to be the person who doesn’t tip,” she says. “But who am I tipping ”
Sean Jung, a professor at Boston University, realized tipping had fundamentally changed when he was grabbing a take- out burrito (玉米馅饼) one afternoon. Jung was getting ready to pay, when the cashier turned the screen around, asking for a tip. “Suddenly, I’m looking at this screen, and I’m literally pressing a 20% tip for a burrito,” Jung recalls. “I remember thinking this is strange. You would never expect to pay a tip at a quick service restaurant.”
How, exactly, did we get to the place where we’ re tipping 20% for our takeout burritos “It goes back to the pandemic,” says Shubhranshu Singh, a professor at Johns Hopkins Carey Business School. He says during the pandemic, we started tipping more than usual as a way to support essential workers at a time of crisis. “The pandemic went away,” says Singh, “but the tips didn’t.”
8. The barista’s purpose of turning the screen is __________.
A. to show some commercials B. to promote new coffee options
C. to speed up the ordering process D. to require extra money
9. What caused the two women’s confusion about tipping in para.3
A. They were not used to tipping. B. They didn’t know how much to tip.
C. They failed to see the point of tipping. D. They didn’t want to tip for fast food.
10. Why did the pandemic make people tip more
A. Customers had more available money. B. Customers used more remote payments.
C. Customers were more grateful for the service. D. Customers expected the crisis to be over soon.
11. What would be a suitable title for the text
A. Tipping culture going out of control B. Online videos about tipping
C. An academic look into tipping culture D. Reasons why we should tip more
D
But doubt in science is a feature not a bug. Indeed, the paradox (悖论) is that science, when properly functioning, questions accepted facts and yields both new knowledge and new questions - not certainty. Doubt does not create trust, nor does it help public understanding. So why should people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions
As a historian of science, I would argue that it’s the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precisely in what is often perceived as its weakness: its drive to question and challenge a hypothesis (假设). Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new evidence emerges from either experimentation or observation. Scientific findings are hypotheses that encompass the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of them are challenged and even overturned. Doubt might be troubling, but it impels us towards a better understanding; certainties, as reassuring as they may seem, in fact hold back the scientific process.
A more realistic understanding of how science works can contribute to a better comprehension of the decisive role of doubt and skepticism in the scientific process. Indeed, science is not a linear (线性的) path leading from one success to another, but rather a constant reevaluation of hypotheses. Failures are part of the scientific process and should be taught along with successes.
12. What is “doubt” in science according to the text
A. It’s not right. B. It’s a feature. C. It’s a bug. D. It’s less realistic.
13. What does the underlined word “encompass” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Include. B. Oppose. C. Evaluate. D. Discover.
14. What does the author say about certainty
A. It’s a real power of science. B. It shows the weakness of science.
C. It affects the scientific process. D. It helps in discovering the world.
15. What can we learn about science
A. Science is always right. B. Failures are part of science.
C. It’s a path leading to success. D. It is based on people’s expectation.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下列短文，从短文的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are all creatures of habit. We tend to wake up at the same time each day, brush our teeth, have morning coffee and travel to work, following the same patterns every day. ____16____
Behavioral scientists who study habit formation say that many of us try to create healthy habits the wrong way. ____17____ Here are two tips, backed by research, for forming new healthy habits.
____18____ For many of us our morning routine is the strongest, so that’s a great place to build a new habit. While brushing your teeth, you might stand on one foot to practice balance. Many of us fall into end-of-the-day patterns as well. Do you tend to sink into the sofa after work and turn on the TV That might be a good time to do a single daily yoga pose.
____19____ Wendy Wood, a research psychologist, calls the forces that get in the way of good habits “friction”. In one study, researchers changed the turning of lift doors so that workers had to wait nearly half a minute for the doors to close. ____20____ Many people are therefore convinced that taking the stairs was easier than waiting for the lift. It shows how sensitive we are to small friction in our environment. Just slowing down the lift got people to take the stairs, and they stuck with it even after the lift went back to normal timing.
A. It was just enough of a delay.
B. Why do we stop doing what’s good for us
C. But why is it so hard to form new healthy habits
D. We probably form new habits when we clear away the barriers.
E. The better way to form a new habit is to tie it to an existing habit.
F. It explains why friction prevents the progress of forming good habits.
G. For example, we set big goals to lose weight without taking proper steps.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter: “The house next door is on fire!” He instantly went to ____21____ and saw an old woman cried. “The baby is inside!” “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s ____22____.
Though the fire department had been called, Surrell ____23____ rushed into the burning house. The thick ____24____ caused him to stumble blindly around and made it impossible to ____25____. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to ____26____ his breath.
“Where is Tiara ” he asked ____27____.
“The second floor,” her grandma shouted back.
Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a ____28____ layout to his, he found the stairs easily and made it to the second floor.
But the darkness was ____29____. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but ____30____ moan emerged. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any ____31____ of the little girl. Finally, he ____32____ something. He scooped Tiara into his arms, ____33____ through the smoke.
Fortunately, Surrell managed to help Tiara out, she was ____34____ from the hospital after a few days. However, The fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later. “It’s a small ____35____ to pay,” he says. “I would do it again without a second thought.”
21. A. investigate B. witness C. appreciate D. instruct
22. A. niece B. granddaughter C. cousin D. daughter
23. A. consciously B. immediately C. casually D. calmly
24. A. smoke B. mist C. dust D. smog
25. A. escape B. distinguish C. breathe D. see
26. A. hold B. save C. waste D. catch
27. A. randomly B. cautiously C. nervously D. desperately
28. A. opposite B. similar C. different D. familiar
29. A. thrilling B. challenging C. overwhelming D. threatening
30. A. firm B. loud C. distinct D. sharp
31. A. track B. symbol C. sound D. sign
32. A. touched B. found C. explored D. got
33. A. broke B. struggled C. went D. ran
34. A. rescued B. transported C. suspended D. released
35. A. price B. bill C. check D. fine
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Minority costumes in China combine rich colors and patterns with style. ____36____ (they) distinctive beauty and grace amaze people ____37____ (enter) a Dong minority village. If they do, they may be fortunate enough to see women making one-colour dark blue fabric they themselves wear.
It is known ____38____ liangbu (bright cloth) , a special textile (纺织品) that takes a dozen steps to make, and which is a shining example of handmade Dong cloth.
For the Dong people, liangbu has a range of meanings. It is a reflection of life experience, as well as of wisdom ____39____ (obtain) from nature, and it helps them deal with cool, wet weather. It is also a bond connecting family members across ____40____ (generation). In Dong villages, a mother traditionally gives liangbu as a wedding gift to her daughter, and when the daughter later gives birth, the grandmother usually ____41____ (gift) her a woven patterned baby currier. It is only for the ____42____ (dear) family members.
Dior, ____43____ famous fashion brand in France, has used liangbu in its ____44____ (collect), introducing traditional Dong craftsmanship to more people. Such a combination of eastern tradition and western design is, according to Dior, to connect people with those working women in Dong villages, _____45_____ together weave and dye, and create a variety of patterns that have been sourced from nature and found in the objects and animals in their day-to-day life.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，在英国伦敦留学，得知当地某自然环境保护区正在招募志愿者。请你给其负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达期待。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
Last Sunday morning, my parents and I were going on a vacation in Sydney, where my grandparents lived, to celebrate my birthday. Actually, celebrating my birthday in my grandparents’ home had been a family tradition. As a result, their neighbors, warm-hearted and friendly, were familiar with me. Sometimes, they even came to the house and brought me birthday gifts in person.
We took the subway there as usual. When we got off the subway, I found I had lost my bag. The bag was memorable to me because it was given by my parents when I became a senior high school student. It also had some valuable items inside, including an expensive watch a birthday gift from my grandparents.
I couldn’t help but cry because the bag meant so much to me.“What’s the matter. Lily ” my mom asked. I told her that I might leave the bag on the subway. Hearing that, she comforted me and said. “We have plenty of time. Let’s talk to the staff (工作人员).”
Instantly, my parents reported the situation to the staff at the subway station. A kind worker smiled to me and said. “If someone found it, they would hand it in.” He asked us to wait patiently for a while, and then he called for help．After half an hour, the worker didn’t give us any information. I started to become anxious and lose hope. My father said. “No news is good news.”However, the worker finally apologized to us and let us wait for the information on the recovery of the missing bag at home. We had to go to my grandparents’ house first.
In the afternoon, while I, together with my grandparents and my father, was preparing for a birthday party, I heard my mother talking to someone on the phone about my lost bag. My heart was beating violently, and I was expecting something extraordinary to happen. Sure enough, my mother got me to answer the phone, “Good news, Lily. The call is just for you, from the kind worker. He said a girl called Beatrice had sent the bag back.” I felt amazed that the girl’s name is the same as my friend’s in Sydney.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I took the phone, and then the voice of the worker who had helped us at the subwaystation came from it.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My family and I were dancing happily when someone knocked at the door.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案版
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Eating ice cream is a summer must. But some people love ice cream so much that they eat it all year round. So what makes ice cream so delicious and irresistible Find this out in the Ice Cream College-also known as the Ice Cream Short course.
A brief introduction of the course
The course is the oldest and largest one that deals with the science of ice cream. It actually began in 1892 as part of a course about dairy manufacturing and was held in January when farm work was less pressing. In 1925, after ice cream became popular, a separate course that was devoted to making ice cream was established. Every year, 120 students from around the globe attend the program and there are 4,400 graduates to date. Certificates are awarded after the course.
Other information about the course
Length of learning time: a week.
Contents: More than 20 workshops about all aspects of ice cream production including flavors and freezing. You can learn how milk proteins interact with fat and what happens if ingredients are changed. Classes on milk composition, dairy production, and even ice cream physics are offered.
Research location: Penn State’s The Berkey Creamery.
Other tips: The course is so popular that when registration opens, it is full in hours. So remember to be concerned about the course in advance and contact us once you are lucky enough to be one of the students. You can also send us your advice after learning it.
1. What was the original purpose of the Ice Cream Short course
A. To advertise new brands of dairy products.
B. To promote the popularity of dairy products.
C. To train learners into experts in dairy products.
D. To introduce the procedure of making dairy products.
2. What do we know about the course
A. It takes students half a month to learn it. B. Students can learn it in twenty workshops.
C. Certificates will be presented after it is over. D. Students can choose it according to their habits.
3. What are people supposed to do to attend the Ice Cream College
A. Register quickly when it is open. B. Learn the course online in advance.
C. Contact the organizers when they’re free. D. Send their advice to the organizers.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
B
My husband made a little two-story house that mirrored our own in color and design for our Little Free Library, while I carefully selected books from our shelves. The idea resonated (引起共鸣) with us immediately — instead of selling the books we didn’t want to read, we could simply walk them to the roadside.
Fifteen or so years later, it’s safe to say that thousands of books, as well as the occasional DVDs, CDs and jigsaw puzzles have been shared through our little library. Situated on a busy street just a few blocks from a subway station, our little library sees dozens, perhaps hundreds, of passers-by each day.
Many of those who use our library do not hesitate to share their love of this neighborhood resource. One gentleman regularly stops by to pick up books for a nearby retirement home. At other times, we have received cards and gifts, including chocolates and even a personalized drawing from a local artist.
Like the people who use our library, the books that come and go reflect the broad diversity of our city. Arabic, French and Russian books are staples among the dominant English-language books. I’ve even collected favorite books of mine in languages I don’t understand, simply for the joy of adding another edition to my collection. Surprisingly, our library hasn’t dealt with our book storage problem — if anything, we now have more books than ever before.
I have heard some complaints that Little Free Libraries do not always serve the purpose of building community and may compete with our public libraries and independent bookstores. This has not been our experience. We continue to buy more books than we need and we are fiercely loyal users of the public system. Our Little Free Library has raised our love of reading and has connected (联系) us to a community of book lovers in the heart of our busy neighborhood.
4. Why did the author and her husband create the Little Free Library
A. To make friends with book lovers. B. To deal with their unwanted books.
C. To prepare for used book sales. D. To make use of community resources.
5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The various resources of the library.
B. People’s contributions to the library.
C. The friendships between library users.
D. The author’s impression of her neighborhood.
6. Which of the following can account for the author’s passion for the library
A. Its advantage to public libraries.
B. Its close distance to a busy street.
C. Its success in solving book storage.
D. Its reflecting city diversity through books.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. The Comfortable Reading Corner: Promoting Reading
B. The Whispering Pages: Tales from a Shared Library
C. The Little Free Library: Contributing to Closer Connection
D. The Magic Bookshelf: Account of Neighborhood Harmony
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C
C
It has become as much a part of our daily life as getting our to-go coffee: the screen turn. It’s the moment when you’ve ordered your coffee, and the barista (咖啡师) turns the payment screen toward you with a dialog box asking you for a tip.
Tipping is on the rise across the U. S. as more and more businesses have started asking for a little extra: fast food restaurants, grocery stores, online stores, stadiums, and even self-checkout machines are now asking for a tip these days.
Social media is filled with people who are confused about tipping. One woman posted a video online after being asked to tip for her Subway sandwich. “Do we tip at Subway ” she asks. “Is that a thing Tell me!” Another woman has also expressed shock over being asked to tip at a self-checkout station at an airport. “I don’t want to be the person who doesn’t tip,” she says. “But who am I tipping ”
Sean Jung, a professor at Boston University, realized tipping had fundamentally changed when he was grabbing a take- out burrito (玉米馅饼) one afternoon. Jung was getting ready to pay, when the cashier turned the screen around, asking for a tip. “Suddenly, I’m looking at this screen, and I’m literally pressing a 20% tip for a burrito,” Jung recalls. “I remember thinking this is strange. You would never expect to pay a tip at a quick service restaurant.”
How, exactly, did we get to the place where we’ re tipping 20% for our takeout burritos “It goes back to the pandemic,” says Shubhranshu Singh, a professor at Johns Hopkins Carey Business School. He says during the pandemic, we started tipping more than usual as a way to support essential workers at a time of crisis. “The pandemic went away,” says Singh, “but the tips didn’t.”
8. The barista’s purpose of turning the screen is __________.
A. to show some commercials B. to promote new coffee options
C. to speed up the ordering process D. to require extra money
9 What caused the two women’s confusion about tipping in para.3
A. They were not used to tipping. B. They didn’t know how much to tip.
C. They failed to see the point of tipping. D. They didn’t want to tip for fast food.
10. Why did the pandemic make people tip more
A. Customers had more available money. B. Customers used more remote payments.
C. Customers were more grateful for the service. D. Customers expected the crisis to be over soon.
11. What would be a suitable title for the text
A. Tipping culture going out of control B. Online videos about tipping
C. An academic look into tipping culture D. Reasons why we should tip more
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
D
But doubt in science is a feature, not a bug. Indeed, the paradox (悖论) is that science, when properly functioning, questions accepted facts and yields both new knowledge and new questions - not certainty. Doubt does not create trust, nor does it help public understanding. So why should people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions
As a historian of science, I would argue that it’s the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precisely in what is often perceived as its weakness: its drive to question and challenge a hypothesis (假设). Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new evidence emerges from either experimentation or observation. Scientific findings are hypotheses that encompass the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of them are challenged and even overturned. Doubt might be troubling, but it impels us towards a better understanding; certainties, as reassuring as they may seem, in fact hold back the scientific process.
A more realistic understanding of how science works can contribute to a better comprehension of the decisive role of doubt and skepticism in the scientific process. Indeed, science is not a linear (线性的) path leading from one success to another, but rather a constant reevaluation of hypotheses. Failures are part of the scientific process and should be taught along with successes.
12. What is “doubt” in science according to the text
A. It’s not right. B. It’s a feature. C. It’s a bug. D. It’s less realistic.
13 What does the underlined word “encompass” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Include. B. Oppose. C. Evaluate. D. Discover.
14. What does the author say about certainty
A. It’s a real power of science. B. It shows the weakness of science.
C. It affects the scientific process. D. It helps in discovering the world.
15. What can we learn about science
A. Science is always right. B. Failures are part of science.
C. It’s a path leading to success. D. It is based on people’s expectation.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下列短文，从短文的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are all creatures of habit. We tend to wake up at the same time each day, brush our teeth, have morning coffee and travel to work, following the same patterns every day. ____16____
Behavioral scientists who study habit formation say that many of us try to create healthy habits the wrong way. ____17____ Here are two tips, backed by research, for forming new healthy habits.
____18____ For many of us, our morning routine is the strongest, so that’s a great place to build a new habit. While brushing your teeth, you might stand on one foot to practice balance. Many of us fall into end-of-the-day patterns as well. Do you tend to sink into the sofa after work and turn on the TV That might be a good time to do a single daily yoga pose.
____19____ Wendy Wood, a research psychologist, calls the forces that get in the way of good habits “friction”. In one study, researchers changed the turning of lift doors so that workers had to wait nearly half a minute for the doors to close. ____20____ Many people are therefore convinced that taking the stairs was easier than waiting for the lift. It shows how sensitive we are to small friction in our environment. Just slowing down the lift got people to take the stairs, and they stuck with it even after the lift went back to normal timing.
A. It was just enough of a delay.
B. Why do we stop doing what’s good for us
C. But why is it so hard to form new healthy habits
D. We probably form new habits when we clear away the barriers.
E. The better way to form a new habit is to tie it to an existing habit.
F. It explains why friction prevents the progress of forming good habits.
G. For example, we set big goals to lose weight without taking proper steps.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. A
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter: “The house next door is on fire!” He instantly went to ____21____ and saw an old woman cried. “The baby is inside!” “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s ____22____.
Though the fire department had been called, Surrell ____23____ rushed into the burning house. The thick ____24____ caused him to stumble blindly around and made it impossible to ____25____. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to ____26____ his breath.
“Where is Tiara ” he asked ____27____.
“The second floor,” her grandma shouted back.
Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a ____28____ layout to his, he found the stairs easily and made it to the second floor.
But the darkness was ____29____. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but ____30____ moan emerged. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any ____31____ of the little girl. Finally, he ____32____ something. He scooped Tiara into his arms, ____33____ through the smoke.
Fortunately, Surrell managed to help Tiara out, she was ____34____ from the hospital after a few days. However, The fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later. “It’s a small ____35____ to pay,” he says. “I would do it again without a second thought.”
21. A. investigate B. witness C. appreciate D. instruct
22. A. niece B. granddaughter C. cousin D. daughter
23. A. consciously B. immediately C. casually D. calmly
24. A. smoke B. mist C. dust D. smog
25. A. escape B. distinguish C. breathe D. see
26. A. hold B. save C. waste D. catch
27. A. randomly B. cautiously C. nervously D. desperately
28. A. opposite B. similar C. different D. familiar
29. A. thrilling B. challenging C. overwhelming D. threatening
30. A. firm B. loud C. distinct D. sharp
31. A. track B. symbol C. sound D. sign
32. A. touched B. found C. explored D. got
33. A. broke B. struggled C. went D. ran
34. A. rescued B. transported C. suspended D. released
35. A. price B. bill C. check D. fine
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Minority costumes in China combine rich colors and patterns with style. ____36____ (they) distinctive beauty and grace amaze people ____37____ (enter) a Dong minority village. If they do, they may be fortunate enough to see women making one-colour dark blue fabric they themselves wear.
It is known ____38____ liangbu (bright cloth) , a special textile (纺织品) that takes a dozen steps to make, and which is a shining example of handmade Dong cloth.
For the Dong people, liangbu has a range of meanings. It is a reflection of life experience, as well as of wisdom ____39____ (obtain) from nature, and it helps them deal with cool, wet weather. It is also a bond connecting family members across ____40____ (generation). In Dong villages, a mother traditionally gives liangbu as a wedding gift to her daughter, and when the daughter later gives birth, the grandmother usually ____41____ (gift) her a woven patterned baby currier. It is only for the ____42____ (dear) family members.
Dior, ____43____ famous fashion brand in France, has used liangbu in its ____44____ (collect), introducing traditional Dong craftsmanship to more people. Such a combination of eastern tradition and western design is, according to Dior, to connect people with those working women in Dong villages, _____45_____ together weave and dye, and create a variety of patterns that have been sourced from nature and found in the objects and animals in their day-to-day life.
【答案】36. Their
37. entering
38. as 39. obtained
40. generations
41. gifts 42. dearest
43. a 44. collection
45. who
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，在英国伦敦留学，得知当地某自然环境保护区正在招募志愿者。请你给其负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达期待。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student studying biology in London. I’m glad to be informed that your reserve is looking for volunteers. I’m writing to apply for being one of them. As an environmentalist, I have been participating in many programs concerning environmental protection. In the meantime, I love animals very much and know how to take care of animals. By the way, I can speak fluent English, so I can communicate with others well. I’d appreciate it if I could have a chance to receive your approval.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
Last Sunday morning, my parents and I were going on a vacation in Sydney, where my grandparents lived, to celebrate my birthday. Actually, celebrating my birthday in my grandparents’ home had been a family tradition. As a result, their neighbors, warm-hearted and friendly, were familiar with me. Sometimes, they even came to the house and brought me birthday gifts in person.
We took the subway there as usual. When we got off the subway, I found I had lost my bag. The bag was memorable to me because it was given by my parents when I became a senior high school student. It also had some valuable items inside, including an expensive watch a birthday gift from my grandparents.
I couldn’t help but cry because the bag meant so much to me.“What’s the matter. Lily ” my mom asked. I told her that I might leave the bag on the subway. Hearing that she comforted me and said. “We have plenty of time. Let’s talk to the staff (工作人员).”
Instantly, my parents reported the situation to the staff at the subway station. A kind worker smiled to me and said. “If someone found it, they would hand it in.” He asked us to wait patiently for a while, and then he called for help．After half an hour, the worker didn’t give us any information. I started to become anxious and lose hope. My father said. “No news is good news.”However, the worker finally apologized to us and let us wait for the information on the recovery of the missing bag at home. We had to go to my grandparents’ house first.
In the afternoon, while I, together with my grandparents and my father, was preparing for a birthday party, I heard my mother talking to someone on the phone about my lost bag. My heart was beating violently, and I was expecting something extraordinary to happen. Sure enough, my mother got me to answer the phone, “Good news, Lily. The call is just for you, from the kind worker. He said a girl called Beatrice had sent the bag back.” I felt amazed that the girl’s name is the same as my friend’s in Sydney.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I took the phone, and then the voice of the worker who had helped us at the subwaystation came from it.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My family and I were dancing happily when someone knocked at the door.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I took the phone, and then the voice of the worker who had helped us at the subwaystation came from it. He explained to me that, the kind girl, Beatrice, had picked up my bag on the subway and that she was sorry for not notifying the Lost and Found office in time. I felt infinitely grateful to him and the girl. When I hung up the phone, I circled with excitement. When my father soon fetched the bag, the birthday dinner was ready, and our family was seated at the desk, where we ate, talking and laughing. After dinner, we began to dance to the music. The house was full of harmony and warmth.
My family and I were dancing happily when someone knocked at the door. Grandma stopped dancing and went to open the door. She said “It must be a neighbor who wants to give you a gift, Lily.” In a moment, a beautiful girl entered the house with a bunch of flowers. “Happy birthday, Lily.” said she, my best friend, Beatrice. I warmly welcomed her. When she saw the bag on the sofa, she screamed, “The bag looks like the one I picked up this morning.” We confirmed it and thought it was a coincidence. I said with gratitude, “Thanks, Beatrice. Kindness is always around us.”
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Eating ice cream is a summer must. But some people love ice cream so much that they eat it all year round. So what makes ice cream so delicious and irresistible Find this out in the Ice Cream College-also known as the Ice Cream Short course.
A brief introduction of the course
The course is the oldest and largest one that deals with the science of ice cream. It actually began in 1892 as part of a course about dairy manufacturing and was held in January when farm work was less pressing. In 1925, after ice cream became popular, a separate course that was devoted to making ice cream was established. Every year, 120 students from around the globe attend the program and there are 4,400 graduates to date. Certificates are awarded after the course.
Other information about the course
Length of learning time: a week.
Contents: More than 20 workshops about all aspects of ice cream production including flavors and freezing. You can learn how milk proteins interact with fat and what happens if ingredients are changed. Classes on milk composition, dairy production, and even ice cream physics are offered.
Research location: Penn State’s The Berkey Creamery
Other tips: The course is so popular that when registration opens, it is full in hours. So remember to be concerned about the course in advance and contact us once you are lucky enough to be one of the students. You can also send us your advice after learning it.
1. What was the original purpose of the Ice Cream Short course
A. To advertise new brands of dairy products.
B. To promote the popularity of dairy products.
C. To train learners into experts in dairy products.
D. To introduce the procedure of making dairy products.
2. What do we know about the course
A. It takes students half a month to learn it. B. Students can learn it in twenty workshops.
C. Certificates will be presented after it is over. D. Students can choose it according to their habits.
3. What are people supposed to do to attend the Ice Cream College
A. Register quickly when it is open. B. Learn the course online in advance.
C. Contact the organizers when they’re free. D. Send their advice to the organizers.
B
My husband made a little two-story house that mirrored our own in color and design for our Little Free Library, while I carefully selected books from our shelves. The idea resonated (引起共鸣) with us immediately — instead of selling the books we didn’t want to read, we could simply walk them to the roadside.
Fifteen or so years later, it’s safe to say that thousands of books, as well as the occasional DVDs, CDs and jigsaw puzzles have been shared through our little library. Situated on a busy street just a few blocks from a subway station, our little library sees dozens, perhaps hundreds, of passers-by each day.
Many of those who use our library do not hesitate to share their love of this neighborhood resource. One gentleman regularly stops by to pick up books for a nearby retirement home. At other times, we have received cards and gifts, including chocolates and even a personalized drawing from a local artist.
Like the people who use our library, the books that come and go reflect the broad diversity of our city. Arabic, French and Russian books are staples among the dominant English-language books. I’ve even collected favorite books of mine in languages I don’t understand, simply for the joy of adding another edition to my collection. Surprisingly, our library hasn’t dealt with our book storage problem — if anything, we now have more books than ever before.
I have heard some complaints that Little Free Libraries do not always serve the purpose of building community and may compete with our public libraries and independent bookstores. This has not been our experience. We continue to buy more books than we need and we are fiercely loyal users of the public system. Our Little Free Library has raised our love of reading and has connected (联系) us to a community of book lovers in the heart of our busy neighborhood.
4. Why did the author and her husband create the Little Free Library
A. To make friends with book lovers. B. To deal with their unwanted books.
C. To prepare for used book sales. D. To make use of community resources.
5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The various resources of the library.
B People’s contributions to the library.
C. The friendships between library users.
D. The author’s impression of her neighborhood.
6. Which of the following can account for the author’s passion for the library
A. Its advantage to public libraries.
B. Its close distance to a busy street.
C. Its success in solving book storage.
D Its reflecting city diversity through books.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. The Comfortable Reading Corner: Promoting Reading
B. The Whispering Pages: Tales from a Shared Library
C. The Little Free Library: Contributing to Closer Connection
D. The Magic Bookshelf: Account of Neighborhood Harmony
C
It has become as much a part of our daily life as getting our to-go coffee: the screen turn. It’s the moment when you’ve ordered your coffee, and the barista (咖啡师) turns the payment screen toward you with a dialog box asking you for a tip.
Tipping is on the rise across the U. S. as more and more businesses have started asking for a little extra: fast food restaurants, grocery stores, online stores, stadiums, and even self-checkout machines are now asking for a tip these days.
Social media is filled with people who are confused about tipping. One woman posted a video online after being asked to tip for her Subway sandwich. “Do we tip at Subway ” she asks. “Is that a thing Tell me!” Another woman has also expressed shock over being asked to tip at a self-checkout station at an airport. “I don’t want to be the person who doesn’t tip,” she says. “But who am I tipping ”
Sean Jung, a professor at Boston University, realized tipping had fundamentally changed when he was grabbing a take- out burrito (玉米馅饼) one afternoon. Jung was getting ready to pay, when the cashier turned the screen around, asking for a tip. “Suddenly, I’m looking at this screen, and I’m literally pressing a 20% tip for a burrito,” Jung recalls. “I remember thinking this is strange. You would never expect to pay a tip at a quick service restaurant.”
How, exactly, did we get to the place where we’ re tipping 20% for our takeout burritos “It goes back to the pandemic,” says Shubhranshu Singh, a professor at Johns Hopkins Carey Business School. He says during the pandemic, we started tipping more than usual as a way to support essential workers at a time of crisis. “The pandemic went away,” says Singh, “but the tips didn’t.”
8. The barista’s purpose of turning the screen is __________.
A. to show some commercials B. to promote new coffee options
C. to speed up the ordering process D. to require extra money
9. What caused the two women’s confusion about tipping in para.3
A. They were not used to tipping. B. They didn’t know how much to tip.
C. They failed to see the point of tipping. D. They didn’t want to tip for fast food.
10. Why did the pandemic make people tip more
A. Customers had more available money. B. Customers used more remote payments.
C. Customers were more grateful for the service. D. Customers expected the crisis to be over soon.
11. What would be a suitable title for the text
A. Tipping culture going out of control B. Online videos about tipping
C. An academic look into tipping culture D. Reasons why we should tip more
D
But doubt in science is a feature not a bug. Indeed, the paradox (悖论) is that science, when properly functioning, questions accepted facts and yields both new knowledge and new questions - not certainty. Doubt does not create trust, nor does it help public understanding. So why should people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions
As a historian of science, I would argue that it’s the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precisely in what is often perceived as its weakness: its drive to question and challenge a hypothesis (假设). Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new evidence emerges from either experimentation or observation. Scientific findings are hypotheses that encompass the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of them are challenged and even overturned. Doubt might be troubling, but it impels us towards a better understanding; certainties, as reassuring as they may seem, in fact hold back the scientific process.
A more realistic understanding of how science works can contribute to a better comprehension of the decisive role of doubt and skepticism in the scientific process. Indeed, science is not a linear (线性的) path leading from one success to another, but rather a constant reevaluation of hypotheses. Failures are part of the scientific process and should be taught along with successes.
12. What is “doubt” in science according to the text
A. It’s not right. B. It’s a feature. C. It’s a bug. D. It’s less realistic.
13. What does the underlined word “encompass” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Include. B. Oppose. C. Evaluate. D. Discover.
14. What does the author say about certainty
A. It’s a real power of science. B. It shows the weakness of science.
C. It affects the scientific process. D. It helps in discovering the world.
15. What can we learn about science
A. Science is always right. B. Failures are part of science.
C. It’s a path leading to success. D. It is based on people’s expectation.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下列短文，从短文的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are all creatures of habit. We tend to wake up at the same time each day, brush our teeth, have morning coffee and travel to work, following the same patterns every day. ____16____
Behavioral scientists who study habit formation say that many of us try to create healthy habits the wrong way. ____17____ Here are two tips, backed by research, for forming new healthy habits.
____18____ For many of us our morning routine is the strongest, so that’s a great place to build a new habit. While brushing your teeth, you might stand on one foot to practice balance. Many of us fall into end-of-the-day patterns as well. Do you tend to sink into the sofa after work and turn on the TV That might be a good time to do a single daily yoga pose.
____19____ Wendy Wood, a research psychologist, calls the forces that get in the way of good habits “friction”. In one study, researchers changed the turning of lift doors so that workers had to wait nearly half a minute for the doors to close. ____20____ Many people are therefore convinced that taking the stairs was easier than waiting for the lift. It shows how sensitive we are to small friction in our environment. Just slowing down the lift got people to take the stairs, and they stuck with it even after the lift went back to normal timing.
A. It was just enough of a delay.
B. Why do we stop doing what’s good for us
C. But why is it so hard to form new healthy habits
D. We probably form new habits when we clear away the barriers.
E. The better way to form a new habit is to tie it to an existing habit.
F. It explains why friction prevents the progress of forming good habits.
G. For example, we set big goals to lose weight without taking proper steps.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter: “The house next door is on fire!” He instantly went to ____21____ and saw an old woman cried. “The baby is inside!” “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s ____22____.
Though the fire department had been called, Surrell ____23____ rushed into the burning house. The thick ____24____ caused him to stumble blindly around and made it impossible to ____25____. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to ____26____ his breath.
“Where is Tiara ” he asked ____27____.
“The second floor,” her grandma shouted back.
Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a ____28____ layout to his, he found the stairs easily and made it to the second floor.
But the darkness was ____29____. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but ____30____ moan emerged. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any ____31____ of the little girl. Finally, he ____32____ something. He scooped Tiara into his arms, ____33____ through the smoke.
Fortunately, Surrell managed to help Tiara out, she was ____34____ from the hospital after a few days. However, The fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later. “It’s a small ____35____ to pay,” he says. “I would do it again without a second thought.”
21. A. investigate B. witness C. appreciate D. instruct
22. A. niece B. granddaughter C. cousin D. daughter
23. A. consciously B. immediately C. casually D. calmly
24. A. smoke B. mist C. dust D. smog
25. A. escape B. distinguish C. breathe D. see
26. A. hold B. save C. waste D. catch
27. A. randomly B. cautiously C. nervously D. desperately
28. A. opposite B. similar C. different D. familiar
29. A. thrilling B. challenging C. overwhelming D. threatening
30. A. firm B. loud C. distinct D. sharp
31. A. track B. symbol C. sound D. sign
32. A. touched B. found C. explored D. got
33. A. broke B. struggled C. went D. ran
34. A. rescued B. transported C. suspended D. released
35. A. price B. bill C. check D. fine
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Minority costumes in China combine rich colors and patterns with style. ____36____ (they) distinctive beauty and grace amaze people ____37____ (enter) a Dong minority village. If they do, they may be fortunate enough to see women making one-colour dark blue fabric they themselves wear.
It is known ____38____ liangbu (bright cloth) , a special textile (纺织品) that takes a dozen steps to make, and which is a shining example of handmade Dong cloth.
For the Dong people, liangbu has a range of meanings. It is a reflection of life experience, as well as of wisdom ____39____ (obtain) from nature, and it helps them deal with cool, wet weather. It is also a bond connecting family members across ____40____ (generation). In Dong villages, a mother traditionally gives liangbu as a wedding gift to her daughter, and when the daughter later gives birth, the grandmother usually ____41____ (gift) her a woven patterned baby currier. It is only for the ____42____ (dear) family members.
Dior, ____43____ famous fashion brand in France, has used liangbu in its ____44____ (collect), introducing traditional Dong craftsmanship to more people. Such a combination of eastern tradition and western design is, according to Dior, to connect people with those working women in Dong villages, _____45_____ together weave and dye, and create a variety of patterns that have been sourced from nature and found in the objects and animals in their day-to-day life.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，在英国伦敦留学，得知当地某自然环境保护区正在招募志愿者。请你给其负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达期待。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
Last Sunday morning, my parents and I were going on a vacation in Sydney, where my grandparents lived, to celebrate my birthday. Actually, celebrating my birthday in my grandparents’ home had been a family tradition. As a result, their neighbors, warm-hearted and friendly, were familiar with me. Sometimes, they even came to the house and brought me birthday gifts in person.
We took the subway there as usual. When we got off the subway, I found I had lost my bag. The bag was memorable to me because it was given by my parents when I became a senior high school student. It also had some valuable items inside, including an expensive watch a birthday gift from my grandparents.
I couldn’t help but cry because the bag meant so much to me.“What’s the matter. Lily ” my mom asked. I told her that I might leave the bag on the subway. Hearing that, she comforted me and said. “We have plenty of time. Let’s talk to the staff (工作人员).”
Instantly, my parents reported the situation to the staff at the subway station. A kind worker smiled to me and said. “If someone found it, they would hand it in.” He asked us to wait patiently for a while, and then he called for help．After half an hour, the worker didn’t give us any information. I started to become anxious and lose hope. My father said. “No news is good news.”However, the worker finally apologized to us and let us wait for the information on the recovery of the missing bag at home. We had to go to my grandparents’ house first.
In the afternoon, while I, together with my grandparents and my father, was preparing for a birthday party, I heard my mother talking to someone on the phone about my lost bag. My heart was beating violently, and I was expecting something extraordinary to happen. Sure enough, my mother got me to answer the phone, “Good news, Lily. The call is just for you, from the kind worker. He said a girl called Beatrice had sent the bag back.” I felt amazed that the girl’s name is the same as my friend’s in Sydney.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I took the phone, and then the voice of the worker who had helped us at the subwaystation came from it.
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My family and I were dancing happily when someone knocked at the door.
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答案版
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Eating ice cream is a summer must. But some people love ice cream so much that they eat it all year round. So what makes ice cream so delicious and irresistible Find this out in the Ice Cream College-also known as the Ice Cream Short course.
A brief introduction of the course
The course is the oldest and largest one that deals with the science of ice cream. It actually began in 1892 as part of a course about dairy manufacturing and was held in January when farm work was less pressing. In 1925, after ice cream became popular, a separate course that was devoted to making ice cream was established. Every year, 120 students from around the globe attend the program and there are 4,400 graduates to date. Certificates are awarded after the course.
Other information about the course
Length of learning time: a week.
Contents: More than 20 workshops about all aspects of ice cream production including flavors and freezing. You can learn how milk proteins interact with fat and what happens if ingredients are changed. Classes on milk composition, dairy production, and even ice cream physics are offered.
Research location: Penn State’s The Berkey Creamery.
Other tips: The course is so popular that when registration opens, it is full in hours. So remember to be concerned about the course in advance and contact us once you are lucky enough to be one of the students. You can also send us your advice after learning it.
1. What was the original purpose of the Ice Cream Short course
A. To advertise new brands of dairy products.
B. To promote the popularity of dairy products.
C. To train learners into experts in dairy products.
D. To introduce the procedure of making dairy products.
2. What do we know about the course
A. It takes students half a month to learn it. B. Students can learn it in twenty workshops.
C. Certificates will be presented after it is over. D. Students can choose it according to their habits.
3. What are people supposed to do to attend the Ice Cream College
A. Register quickly when it is open. B. Learn the course online in advance.
C. Contact the organizers when they’re free. D. Send their advice to the organizers.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
B
My husband made a little two-story house that mirrored our own in color and design for our Little Free Library, while I carefully selected books from our shelves. The idea resonated (引起共鸣) with us immediately — instead of selling the books we didn’t want to read, we could simply walk them to the roadside.
Fifteen or so years later, it’s safe to say that thousands of books, as well as the occasional DVDs, CDs and jigsaw puzzles have been shared through our little library. Situated on a busy street just a few blocks from a subway station, our little library sees dozens, perhaps hundreds, of passers-by each day.
Many of those who use our library do not hesitate to share their love of this neighborhood resource. One gentleman regularly stops by to pick up books for a nearby retirement home. At other times, we have received cards and gifts, including chocolates and even a personalized drawing from a local artist.
Like the people who use our library, the books that come and go reflect the broad diversity of our city. Arabic, French and Russian books are staples among the dominant English-language books. I’ve even collected favorite books of mine in languages I don’t understand, simply for the joy of adding another edition to my collection. Surprisingly, our library hasn’t dealt with our book storage problem — if anything, we now have more books than ever before.
I have heard some complaints that Little Free Libraries do not always serve the purpose of building community and may compete with our public libraries and independent bookstores. This has not been our experience. We continue to buy more books than we need and we are fiercely loyal users of the public system. Our Little Free Library has raised our love of reading and has connected (联系) us to a community of book lovers in the heart of our busy neighborhood.
4. Why did the author and her husband create the Little Free Library
A. To make friends with book lovers. B. To deal with their unwanted books.
C. To prepare for used book sales. D. To make use of community resources.
5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The various resources of the library.
B. People’s contributions to the library.
C. The friendships between library users.
D. The author’s impression of her neighborhood.
6. Which of the following can account for the author’s passion for the library
A. Its advantage to public libraries.
B. Its close distance to a busy street.
C. Its success in solving book storage.
D. Its reflecting city diversity through books.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. The Comfortable Reading Corner: Promoting Reading
B. The Whispering Pages: Tales from a Shared Library
C. The Little Free Library: Contributing to Closer Connection
D. The Magic Bookshelf: Account of Neighborhood Harmony
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C
C
It has become as much a part of our daily life as getting our to-go coffee: the screen turn. It’s the moment when you’ve ordered your coffee, and the barista (咖啡师) turns the payment screen toward you with a dialog box asking you for a tip.
Tipping is on the rise across the U. S. as more and more businesses have started asking for a little extra: fast food restaurants, grocery stores, online stores, stadiums, and even self-checkout machines are now asking for a tip these days.
Social media is filled with people who are confused about tipping. One woman posted a video online after being asked to tip for her Subway sandwich. “Do we tip at Subway ” she asks. “Is that a thing Tell me!” Another woman has also expressed shock over being asked to tip at a self-checkout station at an airport. “I don’t want to be the person who doesn’t tip,” she says. “But who am I tipping ”
Sean Jung, a professor at Boston University, realized tipping had fundamentally changed when he was grabbing a take- out burrito (玉米馅饼) one afternoon. Jung was getting ready to pay, when the cashier turned the screen around, asking for a tip. “Suddenly, I’m looking at this screen, and I’m literally pressing a 20% tip for a burrito,” Jung recalls. “I remember thinking this is strange. You would never expect to pay a tip at a quick service restaurant.”
How, exactly, did we get to the place where we’ re tipping 20% for our takeout burritos “It goes back to the pandemic,” says Shubhranshu Singh, a professor at Johns Hopkins Carey Business School. He says during the pandemic, we started tipping more than usual as a way to support essential workers at a time of crisis. “The pandemic went away,” says Singh, “but the tips didn’t.”
8. The barista’s purpose of turning the screen is __________.
A. to show some commercials B. to promote new coffee options
C. to speed up the ordering process D. to require extra money
9 What caused the two women’s confusion about tipping in para.3
A. They were not used to tipping. B. They didn’t know how much to tip.
C. They failed to see the point of tipping. D. They didn’t want to tip for fast food.
10. Why did the pandemic make people tip more
A. Customers had more available money. B. Customers used more remote payments.
C. Customers were more grateful for the service. D. Customers expected the crisis to be over soon.
11. What would be a suitable title for the text
A. Tipping culture going out of control B. Online videos about tipping
C. An academic look into tipping culture D. Reasons why we should tip more
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
D
But doubt in science is a feature, not a bug. Indeed, the paradox (悖论) is that science, when properly functioning, questions accepted facts and yields both new knowledge and new questions - not certainty. Doubt does not create trust, nor does it help public understanding. So why should people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions
As a historian of science, I would argue that it’s the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precisely in what is often perceived as its weakness: its drive to question and challenge a hypothesis (假设). Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new evidence emerges from either experimentation or observation. Scientific findings are hypotheses that encompass the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of them are challenged and even overturned. Doubt might be troubling, but it impels us towards a better understanding; certainties, as reassuring as they may seem, in fact hold back the scientific process.
A more realistic understanding of how science works can contribute to a better comprehension of the decisive role of doubt and skepticism in the scientific process. Indeed, science is not a linear (线性的) path leading from one success to another, but rather a constant reevaluation of hypotheses. Failures are part of the scientific process and should be taught along with successes.
12. What is “doubt” in science according to the text
A. It’s not right. B. It’s a feature. C. It’s a bug. D. It’s less realistic.
13 What does the underlined word “encompass” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Include. B. Oppose. C. Evaluate. D. Discover.
14. What does the author say about certainty
A. It’s a real power of science. B. It shows the weakness of science.
C. It affects the scientific process. D. It helps in discovering the world.
15. What can we learn about science
A. Science is always right. B. Failures are part of science.
C. It’s a path leading to success. D. It is based on people’s expectation.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下列短文，从短文的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are all creatures of habit. We tend to wake up at the same time each day, brush our teeth, have morning coffee and travel to work, following the same patterns every day. ____16____
Behavioral scientists who study habit formation say that many of us try to create healthy habits the wrong way. ____17____ Here are two tips, backed by research, for forming new healthy habits.
____18____ For many of us, our morning routine is the strongest, so that’s a great place to build a new habit. While brushing your teeth, you might stand on one foot to practice balance. Many of us fall into end-of-the-day patterns as well. Do you tend to sink into the sofa after work and turn on the TV That might be a good time to do a single daily yoga pose.
____19____ Wendy Wood, a research psychologist, calls the forces that get in the way of good habits “friction”. In one study, researchers changed the turning of lift doors so that workers had to wait nearly half a minute for the doors to close. ____20____ Many people are therefore convinced that taking the stairs was easier than waiting for the lift. It shows how sensitive we are to small friction in our environment. Just slowing down the lift got people to take the stairs, and they stuck with it even after the lift went back to normal timing.
A. It was just enough of a delay.
B. Why do we stop doing what’s good for us
C. But why is it so hard to form new healthy habits
D. We probably form new habits when we clear away the barriers.
E. The better way to form a new habit is to tie it to an existing habit.
F. It explains why friction prevents the progress of forming good habits.
G. For example, we set big goals to lose weight without taking proper steps.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. A
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter: “The house next door is on fire!” He instantly went to ____21____ and saw an old woman cried. “The baby is inside!” “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s ____22____.
Though the fire department had been called, Surrell ____23____ rushed into the burning house. The thick ____24____ caused him to stumble blindly around and made it impossible to ____25____. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to ____26____ his breath.
“Where is Tiara ” he asked ____27____.
“The second floor,” her grandma shouted back.
Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a ____28____ layout to his, he found the stairs easily and made it to the second floor.
But the darkness was ____29____. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but ____30____ moan emerged. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any ____31____ of the little girl. Finally, he ____32____ something. He scooped Tiara into his arms, ____33____ through the smoke.
Fortunately, Surrell managed to help Tiara out, she was ____34____ from the hospital after a few days. However, The fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later. “It’s a small ____35____ to pay,” he says. “I would do it again without a second thought.”
21. A. investigate B. witness C. appreciate D. instruct
22. A. niece B. granddaughter C. cousin D. daughter
23. A. consciously B. immediately C. casually D. calmly
24. A. smoke B. mist C. dust D. smog
25. A. escape B. distinguish C. breathe D. see
26. A. hold B. save C. waste D. catch
27. A. randomly B. cautiously C. nervously D. desperately
28. A. opposite B. similar C. different D. familiar
29. A. thrilling B. challenging C. overwhelming D. threatening
30. A. firm B. loud C. distinct D. sharp
31. A. track B. symbol C. sound D. sign
32. A. touched B. found C. explored D. got
33. A. broke B. struggled C. went D. ran
34. A. rescued B. transported C. suspended D. released
35. A. price B. bill C. check D. fine
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Minority costumes in China combine rich colors and patterns with style. ____36____ (they) distinctive beauty and grace amaze people ____37____ (enter) a Dong minority village. If they do, they may be fortunate enough to see women making one-colour dark blue fabric they themselves wear.
It is known ____38____ liangbu (bright cloth) , a special textile (纺织品) that takes a dozen steps to make, and which is a shining example of handmade Dong cloth.
For the Dong people, liangbu has a range of meanings. It is a reflection of life experience, as well as of wisdom ____39____ (obtain) from nature, and it helps them deal with cool, wet weather. It is also a bond connecting family members across ____40____ (generation). In Dong villages, a mother traditionally gives liangbu as a wedding gift to her daughter, and when the daughter later gives birth, the grandmother usually ____41____ (gift) her a woven patterned baby currier. It is only for the ____42____ (dear) family members.
Dior, ____43____ famous fashion brand in France, has used liangbu in its ____44____ (collect), introducing traditional Dong craftsmanship to more people. Such a combination of eastern tradition and western design is, according to Dior, to connect people with those working women in Dong villages, _____45_____ together weave and dye, and create a variety of patterns that have been sourced from nature and found in the objects and animals in their day-to-day life.
【答案】36. Their
37. entering
38. as 39. obtained
40. generations
41. gifts 42. dearest
43. a 44. collection
45. who
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，在英国伦敦留学，得知当地某自然环境保护区正在招募志愿者。请你给其负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达期待。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student studying biology in London. I’m glad to be informed that your reserve is looking for volunteers. I’m writing to apply for being one of them. As an environmentalist, I have been participating in many programs concerning environmental protection. In the meantime, I love animals very much and know how to take care of animals. By the way, I can speak fluent English, so I can communicate with others well. I’d appreciate it if I could have a chance to receive your approval.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
Last Sunday morning, my parents and I were going on a vacation in Sydney, where my grandparents lived, to celebrate my birthday. Actually, celebrating my birthday in my grandparents’ home had been a family tradition. As a result, their neighbors, warm-hearted and friendly, were familiar with me. Sometimes, they even came to the house and brought me birthday gifts in person.
We took the subway there as usual. When we got off the subway, I found I had lost my bag. The bag was memorable to me because it was given by my parents when I became a senior high school student. It also had some valuable items inside, including an expensive watch a birthday gift from my grandparents.
I couldn’t help but cry because the bag meant so much to me.“What’s the matter. Lily ” my mom asked. I told her that I might leave the bag on the subway. Hearing that she comforted me and said. “We have plenty of time. Let’s talk to the staff (工作人员).”
Instantly, my parents reported the situation to the staff at the subway station. A kind worker smiled to me and said. “If someone found it, they would hand it in.” He asked us to wait patiently for a while, and then he called for help．After half an hour, the worker didn’t give us any information. I started to become anxious and lose hope. My father said. “No news is good news.”However, the worker finally apologized to us and let us wait for the information on the recovery of the missing bag at home. We had to go to my grandparents’ house first.
In the afternoon, while I, together with my grandparents and my father, was preparing for a birthday party, I heard my mother talking to someone on the phone about my lost bag. My heart was beating violently, and I was expecting something extraordinary to happen. Sure enough, my mother got me to answer the phone, “Good news, Lily. The call is just for you, from the kind worker. He said a girl called Beatrice had sent the bag back.” I felt amazed that the girl’s name is the same as my friend’s in Sydney.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I took the phone, and then the voice of the worker who had helped us at the subwaystation came from it.
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My family and I were dancing happily when someone knocked at the door.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I took the phone, and then the voice of the worker who had helped us at the subwaystation came from it. He explained to me that, the kind girl, Beatrice, had picked up my bag on the subway and that she was sorry for not notifying the Lost and Found office in time. I felt infinitely grateful to him and the girl. When I hung up the phone, I circled with excitement. When my father soon fetched the bag, the birthday dinner was ready, and our family was seated at the desk, where we ate, talking and laughing. After dinner, we began to dance to the music. The house was full of harmony and warmth.
My family and I were dancing happily when someone knocked at the door. Grandma stopped dancing and went to open the door. She said “It must be a neighbor who wants to give you a gift, Lily.” In a moment, a beautiful girl entered the house with a bunch of flowers. “Happy birthday, Lily.” said she, my best friend, Beatrice. I warmly welcomed her. When she saw the bag on the sofa, she screamed, “The bag looks like the one I picked up this morning.” We confirmed it and thought it was a coincidence. I said with gratitude, “Thanks, Beatrice. Kindness is always around us.”
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