课件22张PPT。GrammarUnit 3 Online tours1. — What happened to Dick yesterday?
— He _______ off his bike on the way
to the school.
A. fell B. is falling
C. was falling D. has fallen
2. I _______ my sister six times till now
but her line was always busy.
A. had phoned B. was phoning
C. have phoned D. have been phoningWe use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.Daniel went to Beijing two years ago.We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.Daniel has lived in Beijing for two years.We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.Daniel bought a new computer last month.We use the present perfect tense to talk about the result of an action. When the action happened is not very important. Daniel has bought a new computer. (He has a computer now.)We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.He visited Canada in 2010 and 2011.We use the present perfect tense to tell how many times an action has happened till now.He has been to Canada twice.一、构成不同
They lived here in 2011.
他们2011年住在这里。
We have lived here for three years.
我们已经在这里住了3年了。
一般过去时：主语 + 谓语动词的过去式
现在完成时：have／has + V-ed 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别He visited Guilin in 1998.
他1998年参观过桂林。
She always swam in the sea when she lived in Qingdao.
她住在青岛的时候，总是去海里游泳。
Jill?has?bought?a?new?computer.
吉尔买了一台新电脑。
I have had my lunch.
我已经吃了午餐。二、用法不同 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对“现在”产生的影响。
现在完成时表示的动作或状态与现在的情况有联系，侧重这一动作对现在所造成的影响。He has read that book.
(说明他现在知道那本书的内容。)
He read that book last year.
(只说明他去年读过那本书。 )
He has gone to America.
(他现在不在此地， 到美国去了。)
He went to America.
(只说明他去过美国。)三、时间状语不同 Did you watch that film last week?
你上周看那部电影了吗？
She came back yesterday.
她是昨天回来的。
His father has been a teacher since 1968.
他父亲从1968年以来一直当老师。
— Have you ever been to London?
— No, I have never been there.
— 你曾经去过伦敦吗？
— 没有，以前从没去过。一般过去时通常与表示过去的具体的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等；而现在完成时则常与表示不确切的时间副词连用，如already, yet,
ever, never, just, since, for, so far, till now, up to now等。I ________ (visit) the Palace Museum with my grandparents the other day.I ________ (climb) Mount Huang last summer.visitedclimbedComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.(P41A)I am happy that I ___________ (learn) to swim. ______ you ever ______ (try) the famous Tianjin Baozi?Have triedhave learntI ________________ (finish/just) my homework.
Millie _______ (finish) her homework 20 minutes ago.
2. I ______ (write) an email to my friend yesterday.
Daniel __________________ (write/already) two emails.have just finishedfinishedwrotehas already writtenComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.(P41B)3. I ____ (be) in Hainan last month.
Some of our classmates ____________ (not be) to Hainan yet.
4. I _________ (live) in Sunshine Town since I was born.
Daniel ____ (live) in Nanjing in 2007.washave not been have livedlivedMillie: ___________________
(you/be/ever) to Nanjing?
Simon: Yes. I(2)____________(be) there three times.
Millie: When (3)____________ (you/go) there last?
Simon: Last summer. I (4)______(spend) a week there.
Millie: (5)____________ (you/like) it?Have you ever beenhave beendid you gospentDo you likeSimon: Oh yes. I (6)_____ (have) a great time there. I (7)______ (visit) many places of interest and (8)____ (eat) lots of local food.
Millie: Lucky you! I (9)_______________
(be/never) there.hadvisitedatehave never beenSaturday, 15 March
Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport? Yes, you can realize your dream by taking an online tour. Yesterday Danniel (1)_________ me an online tour of the USA. I (2)_____ never _____ so many wonderful pictrues before.showedhave seenLast week, I (3)_________ a book about the places of interest in the USA. I (4)_________ 20 pages already. It’s really interesting. My dad (5)_____ just _________ from the USA, but I (6) ______ never_______ there. I hope I can visit the USA some day.have beenboughthave readhasreturned1. We _______ (plant) trees last Sunday.
So far we ____________ (plant) over
300 trees there.
2. A terrible earthquake ___________
(happen) in Wenchuan on May 12,
2008.
3. He ___________ (work) here since last
year. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。plantedhave plantedhappenedhas worked4. _____ you _____ (is) to the United
States?
Not yet. But I _____ (go) to Canada a
few years ago.
5. Last year I _____ (go) to the theatre
every week.
6. In 1995, there ____ (be) a very big race.
7. Last Sunday I ____ (get) up very late.
8. He __________ (teach) in our school
for 30 years. Have beenwentwentwasgothas taughtHomework英语（八年级下册）
Unit 3 Online tours
Grammar
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. tell the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense;
2. use the simple past tense and the present tense correctly.
II. Teaching contents
New words and phrases: dream, passport, dream about/of
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
To understand the differences between simple past tense and present perfect tense.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Pre-task
1. Enjoy a song
T: Hello, boys and girls. First let’s enjoy a song. Please pay attention to the blue and red words on the screen.
T: Do you know the differences in structures between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense?
【设计意图：用一首歌导入，与学生自由交谈，引导他们回忆一般过去时和现在完成时态在结构上的区别。】
2. Enjoy a video
T: Enjoy a video about the USA. Then read the following passage and find out the tenses used.
Millie had a dream last night. She dreamt of travelling to the USA. Millie has been to the USA once. She went there in 2013. She has been there for two months. She had a wonderful time there.
T: Do you know the differences in concepts between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense?
【设计意图：通过谈论Millie的梦，引导学生发现一般过去时和现在完成时态在概念上的区别。】
3. Finish some exercises
Part A Part B
T: Do you know the differences in time expressions between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense?
【设计意图：及时通过练习帮助学生掌握所学知识点，并引导学生在练习中发现一般过去时和现在完成时态的时间标志词。】
4. Make a summary
Differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense.
(1) We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.
We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
(2) We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.
We use the present perfect tense to talk about the result of an action. When the action happened is not very important. It may have just happened or happened some time ago.
(3) We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.
We use the present perfect tense to tell how many times an action happened till now.
【设计意图：通过具体的规则和形象的时间轴表，帮助学生理解一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。】
Step 2 While-task
1. Task 1: Look and say
T: Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with the key words.
(1) Key words: years ago, live, small old houses
key words: since 1990, move, new flats
(2) key words: used to, go out, bicycle
key words: at present, the government, build, railway station
(3) key words: Jay, is, little boy, 10 years ago
key words: now, grow up
(4) key words: in the past, the village, poor, dirty
key words: now, the village, become, rich, clean
2. Task 2: Finish exercises
Part C
【设计意图：设置语境，让学生用所学语态造句，通过多种练习形式，帮助学生运用知识，巩固所学内容。】
Step 3 Post-task
1. Make a new dialogue
T: Work in pairs and make your own conversations. You should use the simple past tense and the present perfect tense, and you can use the conversation on the screen as a model.
【设计意图：给学生提供对话框架，让他们在对话中灵活运用两种时态。】
2. Finish exercises
Part D
3. Writing
T: Millie went to the USA last winter. Please write about her trip according to the form on the screen. You can add some details if you like. Remember to use the simple past tense and the present perfect tense correctly.
4. T: What have you learned today?
【设计意图：再次呈现表格，帮助学生回顾本节课的重点知识。】
V. Homework
1. Review the usage of the simple past tense and the present perfect tense.
2. Finish writing Millie’s trip to the USA.
