四川省南充市白塔中学2023-2024学年高三上第五次考试英语试题
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Group Study Rooms Policy
The Library's group study rooms are for current students, academic use only.
Reserving Rooms
Reserve a room at https://biblio.csusm.edu/groupstudy.
5th floor rooms open to reservations 2 weeks in advance; 3rd & 2nd floor rooms open to reservations 1 week in advance; 4th floor rooms open to reservations 24 hours in advance.
Rooms can be reserved for a maximum of 3 hours per visit and up to 12 hours total per week. Rooms can be reserved once per day per person.
Rooms not occupied within 10 minutes of the reservation time are no longer available, and can be occupied by another group until the next reservation for that room.
Reservations can be deleted. Please do so if the room is no longer needed. To delete your reservation, go to the calendar and click the room, date and time, then select Delete Entry.
If the room you reserved is occupied, you may ask the group to leave or request assistance from staff at the Media Desk (2nd floor).
Use of rooms
Drinks in covered containers and small individual snacks are allowed.
Doors should be kept closed when in use.
Sound travels, even with the door closed-respect those studying around you by keeping the volume at a reasonable level.
Visibility of the space is not to be blocked. Windows are not to be covered in any way.
1．Which rooms can be booked 2 weeks earlier
A．Those on the second floor. B．Those on the fifth floor.
C．Those on the fourth floor. D．Those on the third floor.
2．What happens if students show up 10 minutes later than the set time
A．The reservation will be canceled automatically.
B．They will be contacted by staff at the Media Desk.
C．The reservation must be deleted online immediately.
D．They have to make another reservation for the day.
3．What are students banned from doing while staying in a group study room
A．Having some bottled drinks. B．Keeping the door closed.
C．Covering the windows. D．Whispering to other students.
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In 1984, I was a painfully insecure teenage girl from a dysfunctional family, depressed, underweight, and rejected by my classmates. My only comfort was to be the stage manager at our school.
One day, actors from the famous Oregon Shakespeare Festival came to perform for the school. One of them was Barry Kraft, and he was unlike anyone I'd ever met. As I ran around backstage helping him, he treated me with friendliness and respect that he would show for friends in his living room.
He showed up at our drama class and asked everyone to narrate a monologue (独白). To my shock, he took me aside after class and said, "Your monologue was the best. That was really very good."
I made it through graduation and got accepted to college. That summer, I traveled with a friend to see Mr. Kraft perform. During one performance, I gathered up my courage and dropped him a note during the break, saying I was visiting and if he looked he could see us. Almost immediately I regretted sending the note. I thought it was the most presumptuous (冒失的) thing I had ever done.
At the end of the show, he was waiting for me! He smiled broadly and gave me a hug. Then he said, "Would you like to visit backstage " And off we went. Every time we met someone, he introduced me and said, "She's a very good performer who was a huge help to me at her school visit."
It is difficult to describe how important this man's attention was to me. A successful actor doesn't have to give a depressed teenager the time of day, but he did far more. My confidence had just increased 800 percent. I am now a happily married professional, and whenever I notice a teenager in need, I remember Barry Kraft. He saw a teenager in need of attention and support, and he took the time to help. So now I take the time, too.
4．What do we know about the author
A．She was loved by her parents.
B．She felt left out by her classmates.
C．She suffered terribly from stage fright.
D．She was troubled by the issue of overweight.
5．Which of the following can best describe Barry Kraft
A．Friendly and considerate. B．Intelligent and patient.
C．Committed and generous. D．Confident and energetic.
6．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．The author will continue with her education.
B．Barry Kraft will team up with the author.
C．Barry Kraft inspired the author to study drama.
D．The author will make efforts to assist teenagers.
7．What's the purpose of the text
A．To introduce a famous actor.
B．To encourage people to overcome difficulties.
C．To share the author's experience and its impact on her.
D．To explain the reason why the author loves stage management.
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
After a busy morning, lunch can feel like just the pick-me-up you need-but sometimes the meal that you thought would energize you is the very thing that makes you want to nap at your desk.
Feeling tired after lunch, or post-meals in general, is known as postprandial somnolence—or, colloquially, the food coma.
Part of this phenomenon is due to basic physiology (生理学): When humans eat, most of our blood goes to the digestive organs to process the food, said Sandra Arévalo, director of community health and wellness at Montefiore Nyack Hospital in New York state.
The tendency to get tired after eating isn't inherently suggestive of something amiss (出错的). But there can be additional factors that worsen this natural response, making getting through the rest of the workday or any activities feel like a slog. Here's what to watch out for and how to make adjustments.
When it comes to why you feel overly tired after eating, a common cause is consuming meals that are heavy in terms of quantity or quality. Not eating breakfast can lead to overindulging later in the day if excessive (过度的) hunger makes controlling your appetite difficult, Arévalo said.
Sometimes, however, the makeup of certain foods can contribute to tiredness. Fats are the hardest nutrient to digest because their molecules are much larger than those of protein or carbs, said Julie Stefanski, a spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. If you had a meal high in fat—such as fried foods or pizza—that could make you feel tired. Meals high in added sugar or refined or highly processed carbohydrates can have the same effect.
The fiber in so-called whole foods like corns slows the absorption of sugar into the body, which means they don't cause blood sugar or insulin spikes and instead give you more stable, lasting energy, said Kristin Kirkpatrick, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic.
"A five-minute walk or something helps to improve circulation and alertness (机敏), as well," Arévalo said.
8．What can we know from the third paragraph
A．Blood is bad for the digestive organs.
B．Blood has varieties of tasks to carry out.
C．Eating habits have a great effect on health.
D．Eating too much can burden the digestive organs.
9．Which of the following can replace the underlined word "overindulging"
A．over-consuming B．overweight
C．felling sleepy D．lacking energy
10．What is suggested by Kristin Kirkpatrick
A．Sugar cake. B．Pizza. C．Fried egg. D．Corn.
11．Why does the author write the passage
A．To present a new study. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To provide some guidance. D．To show a social phenomenon.
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If you are a psychology enthusiast, you have probably heard of the famous marshmallow (棉花糖) test. In this task, kids are given a single treat, such as a marshmallow, and are told that they can eat that marshmallow now, or they can wait a little while, and have two marshmallows instead.
Some kids eat the marshmallow immediately, but most try their best to wait for the experimenter to come back with two marshmallows.
Wait times in the marshmallow test came to be seen as indicators of self-control. But what if the behavior in the marshmallow test has more to do with cultural norms (准则) than self-control A 2022 study by Yanaoka tested the idea that children may decide how long to wait for rewards based on what they are accustomed to waiting for in their culture. In the United States (with some exceptions), there is no widespread custom of waiting until everyone is served to eat your food. However, in Japan, there is a mealtime custom of waiting until everyone has been served before anyone digs in.
Because of this difference in norms, the researchers assumed that Japanese children would wait longer in the marshmallow test than the American children. This is exactly what they found. The researchers did a clever follow-up experiment. They found one field where children in the U.S. are accustomed to waiting longer than Japanese children are: Opening presents. In the U.S., gifts are usually given on special occasions, such as birthdays and Christmas. On these occasions, children usually have to wait before they can open their presents. In Japan, however, gift-giving happens more often, and children usually open presents immediately.
Given these cultural differences, Yanaoka expected that if they ran the marshmallow test with Japanese and American kids, but they replaced marshmallows with packaged gifts, then American kids would wait longer to open them. Once again, their assumption was correct. When the potential rewards were packaged gifts instead of food, American children waited 15 minutes on average, and Japanese children waited about four minutes on average.
This is a powerful result because it demonstrates the importance of culture and habit in shaping behavior. If a child waits only four minutes before giving up on two marshmallows but then waits almost four times longer to open a gift, can we really say that that child lacks self-control I don't think so.
12．What is the main factor that influences children's behavior in the experiments
A．Self-control. B．Parental influence.
C．Cultural norms. D．Reward preferences.
13．What did the study find about American children A. They often receive gifts.
A．They display higher self-control.
B．They prefer gifts to food rewards.
C．They tend to wait longer to open gifts.
14．How did Yanaoka conduct the follow-up experiment
A．By referring to data. B．By making a comparison.
C．By introducing a concept. D．By presenting an argument.
15．What is the author's attitude towards Yanaoka's study
A．Critical. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.
（2023高三上·南充月考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you want to learn the material you're studying—like, reallylearn it 16． One learning theory suggests that if you overlearn, you'll gain the ability to do something without having to think about it — and eventually obtain more knowledge. Here's what overlearning is and how to do it.
What is overlearning
Simply put, overlearning means studying something even once you're sure you know it. Don't stop reviewing or studying just because you succeeded in memorizing something. 17．
The purpose of overlearning is to make the task easy to ensure it is completed to a high standard with no stress. For example, a student wants to pass their spelling test which has 10 words. Knowing about overlearning, she doesn't just memorize each word, but also learns about the origins of each word. 18． Similarly, a teacher wanting to learn about teaching strategies might not simply read one book — they may read ten books, watch videos, attend lectures (and maybe even write their own book).
How do you overlearn
19． For instance, when using the Leitner method, always review all the flashcards you're assigned on a particular day, even if you feel like passing over them because you got them right last time. Repeatedly going over material you know well is the key to overlearning and eventual automatic recall.
Schedule blocks of time in your week for reviewing materials you've already mastered. 20． Continually reintroducing familiar ideas to yourself will dig them deeper into your long term memory.
A. Overlearning has several benefits. B. Then what you need to do is overlearn it. C. Review material you already know front to back. D. This takes time, but it makes the spelling test a walk in the park. E. Instead, keep going, digging it deeper and deeper into your brain. F. In real life, we sometimes want to learn more than one similar task. G. This can be as easy as re-reading your notes, or as complex as taking practice tests.
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points. He was 21． , and after thanking him for his honesty, I changed the grade in my 22． . His beaming (欢笑的) face turned to shock. "You're 23． my grade " he said angrily. "I would never have come in 24． …"
He didn't finish the 25． , but it was obvious that his display of honesty was 26． . He thought he'd have it all—praise and the higher grade.
Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade 27． because all I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being 28． in the future. And every time I tell this story some people agree with this 29． .
But I can't see how I could give good reason for worsening my 30． in grading by undermining (损害) the honesty of all my grades by failing to 31． an error. The grade itself would be a dishonest 32． of his knowledge and it would have been 33． to other students. How could I 34． give a student a gift of an unearned grade
I know 35． reporting an error in one's favor is unusual, but, like 36． too much change, it's clearly the right thing to do. People of character, those with real honesty, hate to give up 37． as much as anyone else. The difference is that for them a good conscience and reputation is 38． enough to give reason for the cost of doing the right thing.
Perhaps lowering the student's grade did 39． him from being honest in the future, but bribing (贿赂) him to be honest so that he does the right thing when it's cost-free would have 40． him even more. The duty to be honest is about right and wrong, not risks and rewards.
21．A． wise B． right C． grateful D． upset
22．A． files B． books C． records D． notes
23．A． lowering B． correcting C． changing D． making
24．A． though B． why C． where D． if
25．A． sentence B． work C． exam D． lesson
26．A． good B． false C． special D． impressive
27．A． remove B． change C． stand D． add
28．A． brave B． adventurous C． successful D． honest
29．A． remark B． complaint C． praise D． achievement
30．A． crime B． mistake C． doubt D． guilt
31．A． make B． find C． correct D． avoid
32．A． reaction B． sense C． sign D． reflection
33．A． unfair B． cruel C． tough D． funny
34．A．reluctantly B．responsibly C．impossibly D．impatiently
35．A． actively B． secretly C． voluntarily D． curiously
36．A． receiving B． paying C． earning D． returning
37．A． benefits B． honors C． awards D． gifts
38．A． pleasure B． reward C． content D． honor
39．A． protect B． influence C． discourage D． separate
40．A． improved B． encouraged C． blamed D． ruined
（2023高三上·南充月考） 语法填空
Kunqu Opera, 41． (originate) in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, first emerged as 42． unique local melody in the eastern Chinese city of Suzhou. Thanks to reforms by a retired official named Wei Liangfu, it took a delicate form in the 1500s, 43． it earned its reputation as "The Queen of the Chinese Operas".
Kunqu Opera is a 44． (mix) of various art forms including songs, narration, dance and martial arts, with astonishing makeup, embroidered (刺绣) costumes and stage arrangements adding to its elegance. 45． many traditional Chinese operas, the Kunqu style also has five main roles: Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo, Chou.
Kunqu Opera performances are highly stylized. Traditionally, the stage is 46． (simple) decorated so as not to steal the show from the production's most important element: the plot. The storyline 47． (drive) by the songs, body movements and gestures of the performers on stage. To convey their emotions while performing, 48． performers need to do is control their breath and tone with extreme carefulness, have full command of their 49． (face) expressions and master the many ways to use their stares, smiles and frowns to convey their emotions.
The basic performance unit of Kunqu Opera, Qupai, is still in use in some traditional operas and is expected 50． (use) in the future.
51．（2023高三上·南充月考） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
To enrich students' school life, an excited competition was held on last Saturday on the school playground. Ten boys and ten girls selected by each class lined beside the rope and grasped it, eager waiting for the start. With the whistle blowing, the participants tried their best to pull the rope, while those standing by cheered desperately for him. Eventually, every students of the class won the competition was awarded a delicate notebook.
The competition was highly thought by students. Not only did it build up their bodies, but also strengthen their teamwork. Plus, the competition received positive response from parents and teachers, what made a hit in the circle of WeChat.
52．（2023高三上·南充月考） 12月3日是世界残疾人日(International Day of Persons with Disabilities), 校英语社将举办以"Caring for the disabled"为主题的英语演讲比赛。假如你是英语社主席李华，请根据提示用英语写一则书面通知，发布到校园网上。
内容包括：
1. 演讲比赛的安排及意义;
2. 欢迎大家积极参与。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了团体自习室政策。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Reserving Rooms部分中的"5th floor rooms open to reservations 2 weeks in advance"5楼房间可提前2周预订。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Reserving Rooms部分中的"Rooms not occupied within 10 minutes of the reservation time are no longer available, and can be occupied by another group until the next reservation for that room."预订时间后10分钟内未被占用的房间将不再可用，可由另一个团体占用，直到该房间的下一次。可知，如果学生比定好的时间晚10分钟到，房间会自动取消预订。故选A。
3．考查细节理解。根据Use of rooms部分中的"Windows are not to be covered in any way."窗户不得以任何方式盖上。可知，学生在团体自习室时禁止覆盖窗户。故选C。
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记述文。讲述了作者在青少年时期的自卑和孤独感，但通过遇到著名演员 Barry Kraft 的关注和支持，作者的自信心得到提升，并最终走上了成功的道路。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In 1984, I was a painfully insecure teenage girl from a dysfunctional family, depressed, underweight, and rejected by my classmates. "1984年，我还是一个痛苦的没有安全感的少女，来自一个不正常的家庭，情绪低落，体重过轻，被同学们排斥。 可知，作者感到被同学排斥，她感到被孤立。故选B。
5．考查推理判断。 根据第二段中的"One of them was Barry Kraft, and he was unlike anyone I'd ever met. As I ran around backstage helping him, he treated me with friendliness and respect that he would show for friends in his living room."其中一个是Barry Kraft，他和我见过的任何人都不一样。当我在后台跑来跑去帮助他时，他对我很友好，很尊重，就像他在客厅里对待朋友一样；以及第三段中的"To my shock, he took me aside after class and said, ‘Your monologue was the best. That was really very good.'"令我震惊的是，下课后他把我叫到一边说:"你的独白是最棒的。这真的非常好。"可知Barry Kraft 对作者友好和尊重，并对她的表演给予肯定。这表明 Barry Kraft 是友好且体贴的人。故选A。
6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"My confidence had just increased 800 percent. I am now a happily married professional, and whenever I notice a teenager in need, I remember Barry Kraft. He saw a teenager in need of attention and support, and he took the time to help. So now I take the time, too. "我的信心增加了800%。我现在是一名幸福的已婚专业人士，每当我注意到有需要的青少年时，我就会想起Barry Kraft。他看到了一个需要关注和支持的青少年，他花时间去帮助他。所以现在我也会花时间。可知Barry Kraft对作者的关注和支持影响了她，作者也会致力于帮助青少年。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文通过分享作者的经历和描述 Barry Kraft对她的影响，强调了他给予作者关注和支持的重要性。可推断本文目的是分享作者的经历和经历对她的影响。故选C。
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了午后犯困的原因，并给出了一些建议。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"When humans eat, most of our blood goes to the digestive organs to process the food, said Sandra Arévalo, director of community health and wellness at Montefiore Nyack Hospital in New York state."纽约州蒙特菲奥里·尼亚克医院的社区健康和保健主任Sandra Arévalo说，当人类吃东西时，我们的大部分血液都流向消化器官来处理食物。可知，人类吃东西时，血液会参与消化食物，可推断，血液肩负着多种任务。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"if excessive (过度的) hunger makes controlling your appetite difficult, Arévalo said"Arévalo说，如果过度的饥饿使你难以控制食欲。可知，过度的饥饿会让你难以控制食欲；结合"Not eating breakfast can lead to"不吃早餐可能会导致……，可知，早上不吃早饭同样会导致难以控制食欲，可推断知，划线词overindulging的意思是"过多吃东西"，故选A。
10．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段"The fiber in so-called whole foods like corns slows the absorption of sugar into the body, which means they don't cause blood sugar or insulin spikes and instead give you more stable, lasting energy, said Kristin Kirkpatrick, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic."克利夫兰诊所的注册营养师Kristin Kirkpatrick说，玉米等所谓天然食物中的纤维可以减缓身体对糖的吸收，这意味着它们不会导致血糖或胰岛素飙升，而是给你更稳定、更持久的能量。可知，Kristin Kirkpatrick认为，玉米可以减缓身体对糖的吸收，会给你更稳定、更持久的能量，这样就不会犯困，因此，Kristin Kirkpatrick应该是推荐玉米。故选D。
11．考查推理判断。根据第一段"After a busy morning, lunch can feel like just the pick-me-up you need-but sometimes the meal that you thought would energize you is the very thing that makes you want to nap at your desk."忙碌了一个上午之后，午餐就像是你需要的提神剂——但有时你以为会让你精力充沛的午餐却让你想在办公桌前打个盹。可知，午餐后人们想在办公桌上打盹，引出本文的话题；第三段中的"Part of this phenomenon is due to basic physiology (生理学)"这种现象的部分原因是基本生理学；以及下文中讲述了午餐后犯困的原因可知，本文分析了出现午餐后犯困的原因；倒数第二段"The fiber in so-called whole foods like corns slows the absorption of sugar into the body, which means they don't cause blood sugar or insulin spikes and instead give you more stable, lasting energy, said Kristin Kirkpatrick, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic."克利夫兰诊所的注册营养师Kristin Kirkpatrick说，玉米等所谓天然食物中的纤维可以减缓身体对糖的吸收，这意味着它们不会导致血糖或胰岛素飙升，而是给你更稳定、更持久的能量；以及最后一段"‘A five-minute walk or something helps to improve circulation and alertness (机敏), as well,' Arévalo said.""五分钟的步行或其他活动也有助于改善血液循环和警觉性，"arsamuvalo说。可知，本文对午餐后犯困提出了一些相对应的建议，改变一下饮食以及午餐后参加一些活动有助于改善血液循环。本文从列举现象，到分析原因，直至最后给提出相应的建议，可推知本文的目的是给人们提供一些指导。故选C。
【答案】12．C
13．C
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了文化对儿童行为的影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"But what if the behavior in the marshmallow test has more to do with cultural norms (准则) than self-control A2022 study by Yanaoka tested the idea that children may decide how long to wait for rewards based on what they are accustomed to waiting for in their culture. In the United States (with some exceptions), there is no widespread custom of waiting until everyone is served to eat your food. However, in Japan, there is a mealtime custom of waiting until everyone has been served before anyone digs in."但是，如果棉花糖测试中的行为更多地与文化规范有关，而不是自我控制呢？Yanaoka在2022年进行的一项研究测试了这样一种观点，即儿童可能会根据他们在自己的文化中习惯等待的时间来决定等待奖励的时间。在美国（除了一些例外），没有普遍的习惯是等到每个人都上桌了再吃你的食物。然而，在日本，有一个用餐时间的习俗，那就是等到所有人都被端上来后再开始吃。可知Yanaoka 的研究表明文化准则是影响孩子行为的主要因素。故选C。
13．考查细节理解。根据第五段"Given these cultural differences, Yanaoka expected that if they ran the marshmallow test with Japanese and American kids, but they replaced marshmallows with packaged gifts, then American kids would wait longer to open them. Once again, their assumption was correct. When the potential rewards were packaged gifts instead of food, American children waited 15 minutes on average, and Japanese children waited about four minutes on average. "考虑到这些文化差异，Yanaoka预计，如果他们对日本和美国的孩子进行棉花糖测试，但他们用包装好的礼物代替棉花糖，那么美国孩子会等更长的时间才打开棉花糖。再一次，他们的假设是正确的。当潜在的奖励是包装好的礼物而不是食物时，美国孩子平均等待15分钟，日本孩子平均等待4分钟。可知美国儿童倾向于等更长的时间来打开礼物，故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"In the United States (with some exceptions), there is no widespread custom of waiting until everyone is served to eat your food. However, in Japan, there is a mealtime custom of waiting until everyone has been served before anyone digs in."在美国（除了一些例外），没有普遍的习惯是等到每个人都上桌了再吃你的食物。然而，在日本，有一个用餐时间的习俗，那就是等到所有人都被端上来后再开始吃。可知Yanaoka 通过比较美国和日本孩子在棉花糖实验和礼物实验中的等待时间，来进行后续实验证明他们的假设。因此Yanaoka通过比较进行实验的，故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"This is a powerful result because it demonstrates the importance of culture and habit in shaping behavior. If a child waits only four minutes before giving up on two marshmallows but then waits almost four times longer to open a gift, can we really say that that child lacks self-control I don't think so."这是一个强有力的结果，因为它证明了文化和习惯在塑造行为方面的重要性。如果一个孩子在放弃两块棉花糖前只等了四分钟，但在打开礼物时却等了几乎四倍的时间，我们真的能说这个孩子缺乏自制力吗？我不这么想。可知作者认为这个研究强有力地证明了文化和习惯对行为的塑造的重要性，并质疑了是否可以单纯地将孩子的行为归因于缺乏自控能力。可推知作者对 Yanaoka 的研究持赞同态度。故选 D。
【答案】16．B；17．E；18．D；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了过度学习的概念和方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Do you want to learn the material you're studying—like, really learn it "你想学习你正在学习的材料吗 比如，真正地学习它？此处应该是对这个问题的回答，并引出文章话题overlearning，B. Then what you need to do is overlearn it."那你需要做的就是过度学习"，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
17．根据空前"Don't stop reviewing or studying just because you succeeded in memorizing something."不要因为你成功地记住了某些东西就停止复习或学习。指出，不要因为已经记得某些东西就停止复习，此处应该是要怎么做。E. Instead, keep going, digging it deeper and deeper into your brain."相反，继续深入挖掘你的大脑。"承接上文，告诉我们要继续复习，将其深入脑中，符合语境，故选E。
18．根据空前" Knowing about overlearning, she doesn't just memorize each word, but also learns about the origins of each word."了解过度学习，她不仅能记住每个单词，还能了解每个单词的起源。指出要了解过度学习；以及空后"Similarly, a teacher wanting to learn about teaching strategies might not simply read one book-they may read ten books, watch videos, attend lectures (and maybe even write their own book)."同样的，一个想要学习教学策略的老师可能不仅仅是读一本书——他们可能会读十本书，看视频，听讲座(甚至可能写自己的书)。举例说明了解过度学习就像老师学习教学策略一样，花很多时间，D. This takes time, but it makes the spelling test a walk in the park."这需要时间，但它使拼写测试在公园散步时就做了。"承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
19．根据本段小标题"How do you overlearn "你如何过度学习？；以及空后"For instance, when using the Leitner method, always review all the flashcards you're assigned on a particular day, even if you feel like passing over them because you got them right last time. Repeatedly going over material you know well is the key to overlearning and eventual automatic recall."例如，当使用 Leitner 方法时，总是回顾你在某一天分配给你的所有抽认卡，即使你觉得因为你上次做对了而想要忽略它们。反复阅读你熟悉的材料是过度学习和最终自动回忆的关键。举例说明C. Review material you already know front to back."从头到尾复习你已经知道的材料。"，即在复习闪卡时，不要跳过已经会的，而是要从头到尾都复习一遍。故选C。
20．根据空前"Schedule blocks of time in your week for reviewing materials you've already mastered. " 在你的一周中安排一些时间来复习你已经掌握的材料。指出要计划用成块的时间来复习所学，此处承接上文，对此进行说明，介绍该如何做，G. This can be as easy as re-reading your notes, or as complex as taking practice tests."这可以像重读笔记一样简单，也可以像参加模拟考试一样复杂。"符合语境。故选G。
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．A；26．B；27．C；28．D；29．A；30．B；31．C；32．D；33．A；34．B；35．C；36．D；37．A；38．B；39．C；40．D
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者根据自己的亲身经历，告诉我们要怎样保持诚实。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：他是对的，在感谢他的诚实之后，我改了我的成绩。A. wise"明智的"；B. right"对的，正确的"；C. grateful"感激的"；D. upset"不安的"。根据上文"I made an error in grading"；以及下文"I changed the grade"可知这个学生说对了。故选B。
22．句意：他是对的，在感谢他的诚实之后，我改了成绩。A. files"文件"；B. books"书"；C. records"记录"；D. notes"笔记"。根据上文 "When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points."学生说批改错误，所以我应是在记录本上改正分数，故选C。
23．句意："你要降我的分数 "他生气地说。A. lowering"降低"；B. correcting"改正"；C. changing"改变"；D. making"使，让"。根据下文"He thought he'd have it all—praise and the higher grade."可知学生本以为老师会帮他加分；以及上文"His beaming (欢笑的) face turned to shock"可知老师不但没有加分而且还减了分。故选A。
24．句意：如果知道是减分的话我就不回来了。A. though"尽管"；B. why"为什么"；C. where"哪里"；D. if"如果"。根据上下文可知是条件状语从句的省略，以及上文"‘You're 3 my grade ' he said angrily"可知如果减分我就不回来了，故选D。
25．句意：他没有把话说完，但很明显，他表现出来的诚实是假的。 A. sentence"句子"；B. work"工作"；C. exam"考试"；D. lesson"课程"。根据上文"I would never have come in 4 …"可知，学生没有把话说完。故选A。
26．句意：他没有把话说完，但很明显，他表现出来的诚实是假的A. good"好的"；B. false"假的"；C. special"特殊的"；D. impressive"给人印象深刻的"。根据下文"He thought he'd have it all—praise and the higher grade. "可知，学生的诚实都是虚假伪装的，只不过希望老师多给点分数。故选B。
27．句意：有几个同事认为我应该让更高的分数留下来，因为我所做的一切只是让他以后不再诚实。A. remove"移出，去除"；B. change"改变"；C. stand"维持，保持"；D. add"增加"。根据空后"because all I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being 8 in the future."可知当我与同事说起时，同事希望维持较高的分数不变，因为这样才能让学生以后诚实，故选C。
28．句意：有几个同事认为我应该让更高的分数留下来，因为我所做的一切只是让他以后不再诚实。 A. brave"勇敢的"；B. adventurous"冒险的"；C. successful"成功的"；D. honest"诚实的"。根据上下文的因果关系，可知同事希望作者维持高分，这样才能使学生以后能诚实，故选D。
29．句意：每次和别人谈起，总有些人同意这样的观点。A. remark"观点"；B. complaint"抱怨"；C. praise"赞扬"；D. achievement"成就"。根据上文"Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade 7 because all I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being 8 in the future."可知别人也同意这种观点，故选A。
30．句意：但是我不明白我有什么理由因为没有改正一个错误而破坏了我所有成绩的诚实，从而加重了我的评分错误。A. crime"罪行"；B. mistake"错误"；C. doubt"怀疑"；D. guilty"内疚的"。根据上文"I made an error in grading his exam"可知此处指错误，故选B。
31．句意：但是我不明白我有什么理由因为没有改正一个错误而破坏了我所有成绩的诚实，从而加重了我的评分错误。A. make"使，让"；B. find"找到，发现"；C. correct"改正"；D. avoid"避免"。根据上文可知因为学生指出我未能批改出他作业中的错误。fail to correct"未能改正"，故选C。
32．句意：分数本身就是对他知识的不诚实的反映，这对其他学生是不公平的。A. reaction"反应"；B. sense"感觉"；C. sign"迹象"；D. reflection"体现"。根据上文"but it was obvious that his display of honesty was 6 "可推知，作者认为如果给那名学生高分，就是对他所掌握的知识的不诚实的体现，故选D。
33．句意：分数本身就是对他知识的不诚实的反映，这对其他学生是不公平的。A. unfair"不公平的"；B. cruel"残忍的"；C. tough"艰难的"；D. funny"有趣的"。根据空前"The grade itself would be a dishonest 12 of his knowledge"和常识可知给了这个学生高分，就是对其他学生的不公平，故选A。
34．句意：我怎么能负责任地给学生一个不劳而获的分数作为礼物呢 A. reluctantly"不情愿地"；B. responsibly"负责忍地"；C. impossibly"不可能地"；D. impatiently"不耐烦地"。根据上文"The grade itself would be a dishonest 12 of his knowledge and it would have been 13 to other students."可知作者内心无法做到这一点，因此我无法负责任地给学生这么一个不是自己辛苦学习所得到的分数，故选B。
35．句意：我知道主动报告对某人有利的错误是不寻常的，但是，就像退回太多的零钱一样，这显然是正确的事情。A. actively"积极地"；B. secretly"秘密地"；C. voluntarily"自愿地"；D. curiously "好奇地"。根据上文"When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points."可知是学生自愿来说明批改上的错误，故选C。
36．句意：我知道主动报告对某人有利的错误是不寻常的，但是，就像退回太多的零钱一样，这显然是正确的事情。A. receiving"收到"；B. paying"支付"；C. earning"赚得"；D. returning"归还"。根据空后"too much change, it's clearly the right thing to do. "可知主动报告错误，就像退回多给的零钱一样是正确的事情，故选D。
37．句意：有品格的人，那些真正诚实的人，和其他人一样讨厌放弃利益。A. benefits"利益"；B. honors"荣誉"；C. awards"奖赏"；D. gifts"礼物"。根据下文"The difference is that for…"可知上文指真正诚实的人也和大多数人一样，也就是说不愿意放弃好处，故选A。
38．句意：不同之处在于，对他们来说，良好的良心和声誉足以让他们有理由为做正确的事情付出代价。A. pleasure"快乐"；B. reward"奖励"；C. content"内容"；D. honor"荣誉"。根据语境和常识可知，做正常的事情会有良好的良心和声誉来作为奖励，故选B。
39．句意：也许降低学生的分数确实会让他在未来不再诚实，但贿赂他诚实，让他在没有成本的情况下做正确的事情，甚至会让毁了他。A. protect"保护"；B. influence"影响"；C. discourage"阻止"；D. separate"分开"。根据上文"I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being"可知此题为原词重现，应用discourage，故选C。
40．句意：也许降低学生的分数确实会让他在未来不再诚实，但贿赂他诚实，让他在没有成本的情况下做正确的事情，甚至会让毁了他。A. improved"提高"；B. encouraged"鼓励"；C. blamed"责备"；D. ruined"毁坏，摧毁"。根据空前"Perhaps lowering the student's grade did 19 him from being honest in the future, but"以及转折关系可知如果给他好处让他诚实会毁了他。故选D。
【答案】41．originating；42．a；43．when；44．mixture；45．Like；46．simply；47．is driven；48．what；49．facial；50．to be used
【知识点】说明文；文学艺术类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了昆曲的发展历史。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，冠词，定语从句，名词，介词，副词，时态语态，主语从句，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：昆曲起源于元末明初，最初作为一种独特的地方旋律出现在中国东部城市苏州。此处与所修饰词 Kunqu Opera 在逻辑上是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填originating。
42．句意：昆曲起源于元末明初，最初作为一种独特的地方旋律出现在中国东部城市苏州。可数名词melody前用不定冠词表示"一种"。unique的发音是辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a，故填a。
43．句意：由于一位名叫魏良辅的退休官员的改革，它在16世纪形成了精致的形式，当时赢得了"中国戏剧女王"的声誉。 it earned its reputation as "The Queen of the Chinese Operas" 是非限制性定语从句，先行词1500s指时间，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。
44．句意：昆曲是多种艺术形式的混合，包括歌曲，旁白，舞蹈和武术，惊人的化妆，刺绣服装和舞台布置增加了它的优雅。a mixture of固定短语，"……的混合"。故填mixture。
45．句意：像许多中国传统戏剧一样，昆曲风格也有五个主要角色:生、旦、净、末、丑。分析句子结构可知，名词前用介词，表示像很多中国传统戏剧，用介词like，位于句首首字母大写。故填Like。
46．句意：传统上，舞台的装饰简单是为了不影响演出最重要的元素:情节。此处副词作状语修饰谓语动词be decorated，故填simply。
47．句意：故事情节由舞台上表演者的歌曲、肢体动作和手势驱动。此处是谓语动词，根据本段讲述的是昆曲的事实，应使用一般现在时态，与句子主语the storyline之间为被动关系，且主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is driven。
48．句意：为了在表演中表达自己的情感，表演者需要做的就是非常小心地控制自己的呼吸和语调，充分掌握自己的面部表情，掌握用眼神、微笑和皱眉来表达情感的多种方式。 performers need to do是主语从句，从句中do缺少宾语，用what引导主语从句。故填what。
49．句意：为了在表演中表达自己的情感，表演者需要做的就是非常小心地控制自己的呼吸和语调，充分掌握自己的面部表情，掌握用眼神、微笑和皱眉来表达情感的多种方式。此处形容词facial修饰名词expressions，作定语，故填facial。
50．句意：昆曲的基本表演单位曲牌至今仍在一些传统戏曲中使用，并有望在未来得到使用。此处非谓语动词作宾语补足语，与所修饰词之间为被动关系，expect to do表示期望，所以使用不定式的被动形式。故填to be used。
51．【答案】①excited→exciting②删除last前面的on③eager→eagerly④blowing→blown⑤him→them⑥every后面的students→student⑦won→winning⑧在thought和by之间增加of⑨strengthen→strengthened⑩what→which
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了学校举办拔河比赛，学生热情参与，家长和老师们积极响应。
（1）句意：为了丰富学生们的校园生活，上周六在学校操场上举行了一场激动人心的比赛。此处是修饰competition的定语，描述比赛的性质，应用形容词exciting，意为"令人激动的"。故excited改为exciting。
（2）。句意：为了丰富学生们的校园生活，上周六在学校操场上举行了一场激动人心的比赛。此处表示"上周六"，用固定短语last Saturday，不需要介词on。故删除last前面的on。
（3）句意：每个班选出十个男孩和十个女孩，站在绳子旁边，紧紧抓住绳子，急切地等待着开始。此处修饰动词waiting，应用副词eagerly，故eager改为eagerly。
（4）句意：随着哨声的吹响，参与者们拼命地拉绳子，而站在旁边的学生则拼命地为他们加油。此处是with的复合结构，blow和逻辑主语whistle是动宾关系，应用过去分词，故blowing改为blown。
（5）句意：随着哨声的吹响，参与者们拼命地拉绳子，而站在旁边的学生则拼命地为他们加油。结合句意可知，此处指站在旁边的学生则拼命地为参加拔河比赛的同学们加油，应用代词them指代参加拔河比赛的同学们。故him改为them。
（6）句意：最终，赢得比赛的班级的每个学生都获得了一本精美的笔记本。此处every修饰可数名词的单数形式，应用student的单数形式。故every后面的students改为student。
（7）句意：最终，赢得比赛的班级的每个学生都获得了一本精美的笔记本。此处"赢得比赛"作the class的后置定语，且逻辑主语the class和win之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故won改为winning。
（8）句意：学生们对这次比赛评价很高。结合句意可知，此处表示"被给予很高评价"，应用固定短语be highly thought of，故在thought和by之间增加of。
（9）句意：这不仅锻炼了他们的身体，也加强了他们的团队合作。文章叙述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，且Not only did it build up their bodies也用一般过去时，此处应用一般过去时，strengthen需用过去式strengthened。故strengthen改为strengthened。
（10）句意：此外，比赛得到了家长和老师的积极响应，在微信朋友圈引起了轰动。此处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面整句话进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应该用关系代词which。故what改为which。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及形容词，介词，副词，非谓语动词，代词，名词，介词，时态以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
52．【答案】One possible version:
Notice
With the International Day of Persons with disabilities approaching, the school English club is to hold an English speech contest themed "Caring for the Disabled". The contest, aimed to promote the awareness of respecting the disabled and offering a helping hand to them when needed, consists of two parts. Anyone who is willing to voice your opinions on this topic is welcome to take part by signing up on our website or dropping in our office in person with a video of your speech on the given topic not later than December 7. Remember to limit your video to no longer than 5 minutes. Then, ten finalists will be selected to participate in the final contest to be held in the school academic hall on December 10. We are looking forward to seeing you fill the hall and enjoy the evening and speeches with us. Your participation and involvement will surely be appreciated.
The School English Club
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 英语社主席李华 的身份， 写一则书面通知，发布到校园网上 。写作背景：12月3日是世界残疾人日(International Day of Persons with Disabilities), 校英语社将举办以"Caring for the disabled"为主题的英语演讲比赛。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 演讲比赛的安排及意义；2. 欢迎大家积极参与。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：With the International Day of Persons with disabilities approaching, the school English club is to hold an English speech contest themed "Caring for the Disabled". 运用了with的复合结构；The contest, aimed to promote the awareness of respecting the disabled and offering a helping hand to them when needed, consists of two parts. 运用了时间状语从句的省略；Anyone who is willing to voice your opinions on this topic is welcome to take part by signing up on our website or dropping in our office in person with a video of your speech on the given topic not later than December 7. 运用了限制性定语从句；Remember to limit your video to no longer than 5 minutes. 运用了祈使句，不定式作宾语；Then, ten finalists will be selected to participate in the final contest to be held in the school academic hall on December 10. 运用了被动语态； Your participation and involvement will surely be appreciated.运用了被动语态。
1 / 1四川省南充市白塔中学2023-2024学年高三上第五次考试英语试题
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Group Study Rooms Policy
The Library's group study rooms are for current students, academic use only.
Reserving Rooms
Reserve a room at https://biblio.csusm.edu/groupstudy.
5th floor rooms open to reservations 2 weeks in advance; 3rd & 2nd floor rooms open to reservations 1 week in advance; 4th floor rooms open to reservations 24 hours in advance.
Rooms can be reserved for a maximum of 3 hours per visit and up to 12 hours total per week. Rooms can be reserved once per day per person.
Rooms not occupied within 10 minutes of the reservation time are no longer available, and can be occupied by another group until the next reservation for that room.
Reservations can be deleted. Please do so if the room is no longer needed. To delete your reservation, go to the calendar and click the room, date and time, then select Delete Entry.
If the room you reserved is occupied, you may ask the group to leave or request assistance from staff at the Media Desk (2nd floor).
Use of rooms
Drinks in covered containers and small individual snacks are allowed.
Doors should be kept closed when in use.
Sound travels, even with the door closed-respect those studying around you by keeping the volume at a reasonable level.
Visibility of the space is not to be blocked. Windows are not to be covered in any way.
1．Which rooms can be booked 2 weeks earlier
A．Those on the second floor. B．Those on the fifth floor.
C．Those on the fourth floor. D．Those on the third floor.
2．What happens if students show up 10 minutes later than the set time
A．The reservation will be canceled automatically.
B．They will be contacted by staff at the Media Desk.
C．The reservation must be deleted online immediately.
D．They have to make another reservation for the day.
3．What are students banned from doing while staying in a group study room
A．Having some bottled drinks. B．Keeping the door closed.
C．Covering the windows. D．Whispering to other students.
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了团体自习室政策。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Reserving Rooms部分中的"5th floor rooms open to reservations 2 weeks in advance"5楼房间可提前2周预订。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Reserving Rooms部分中的"Rooms not occupied within 10 minutes of the reservation time are no longer available, and can be occupied by another group until the next reservation for that room."预订时间后10分钟内未被占用的房间将不再可用，可由另一个团体占用，直到该房间的下一次。可知，如果学生比定好的时间晚10分钟到，房间会自动取消预订。故选A。
3．考查细节理解。根据Use of rooms部分中的"Windows are not to be covered in any way."窗户不得以任何方式盖上。可知，学生在团体自习室时禁止覆盖窗户。故选C。
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In 1984, I was a painfully insecure teenage girl from a dysfunctional family, depressed, underweight, and rejected by my classmates. My only comfort was to be the stage manager at our school.
One day, actors from the famous Oregon Shakespeare Festival came to perform for the school. One of them was Barry Kraft, and he was unlike anyone I'd ever met. As I ran around backstage helping him, he treated me with friendliness and respect that he would show for friends in his living room.
He showed up at our drama class and asked everyone to narrate a monologue (独白). To my shock, he took me aside after class and said, "Your monologue was the best. That was really very good."
I made it through graduation and got accepted to college. That summer, I traveled with a friend to see Mr. Kraft perform. During one performance, I gathered up my courage and dropped him a note during the break, saying I was visiting and if he looked he could see us. Almost immediately I regretted sending the note. I thought it was the most presumptuous (冒失的) thing I had ever done.
At the end of the show, he was waiting for me! He smiled broadly and gave me a hug. Then he said, "Would you like to visit backstage " And off we went. Every time we met someone, he introduced me and said, "She's a very good performer who was a huge help to me at her school visit."
It is difficult to describe how important this man's attention was to me. A successful actor doesn't have to give a depressed teenager the time of day, but he did far more. My confidence had just increased 800 percent. I am now a happily married professional, and whenever I notice a teenager in need, I remember Barry Kraft. He saw a teenager in need of attention and support, and he took the time to help. So now I take the time, too.
4．What do we know about the author
A．She was loved by her parents.
B．She felt left out by her classmates.
C．She suffered terribly from stage fright.
D．She was troubled by the issue of overweight.
5．Which of the following can best describe Barry Kraft
A．Friendly and considerate. B．Intelligent and patient.
C．Committed and generous. D．Confident and energetic.
6．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．The author will continue with her education.
B．Barry Kraft will team up with the author.
C．Barry Kraft inspired the author to study drama.
D．The author will make efforts to assist teenagers.
7．What's the purpose of the text
A．To introduce a famous actor.
B．To encourage people to overcome difficulties.
C．To share the author's experience and its impact on her.
D．To explain the reason why the author loves stage management.
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记述文。讲述了作者在青少年时期的自卑和孤独感，但通过遇到著名演员 Barry Kraft 的关注和支持，作者的自信心得到提升，并最终走上了成功的道路。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In 1984, I was a painfully insecure teenage girl from a dysfunctional family, depressed, underweight, and rejected by my classmates. "1984年，我还是一个痛苦的没有安全感的少女，来自一个不正常的家庭，情绪低落，体重过轻，被同学们排斥。 可知，作者感到被同学排斥，她感到被孤立。故选B。
5．考查推理判断。 根据第二段中的"One of them was Barry Kraft, and he was unlike anyone I'd ever met. As I ran around backstage helping him, he treated me with friendliness and respect that he would show for friends in his living room."其中一个是Barry Kraft，他和我见过的任何人都不一样。当我在后台跑来跑去帮助他时，他对我很友好，很尊重，就像他在客厅里对待朋友一样；以及第三段中的"To my shock, he took me aside after class and said, ‘Your monologue was the best. That was really very good.'"令我震惊的是，下课后他把我叫到一边说:"你的独白是最棒的。这真的非常好。"可知Barry Kraft 对作者友好和尊重，并对她的表演给予肯定。这表明 Barry Kraft 是友好且体贴的人。故选A。
6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"My confidence had just increased 800 percent. I am now a happily married professional, and whenever I notice a teenager in need, I remember Barry Kraft. He saw a teenager in need of attention and support, and he took the time to help. So now I take the time, too. "我的信心增加了800%。我现在是一名幸福的已婚专业人士，每当我注意到有需要的青少年时，我就会想起Barry Kraft。他看到了一个需要关注和支持的青少年，他花时间去帮助他。所以现在我也会花时间。可知Barry Kraft对作者的关注和支持影响了她，作者也会致力于帮助青少年。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文通过分享作者的经历和描述 Barry Kraft对她的影响，强调了他给予作者关注和支持的重要性。可推断本文目的是分享作者的经历和经历对她的影响。故选C。
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
After a busy morning, lunch can feel like just the pick-me-up you need-but sometimes the meal that you thought would energize you is the very thing that makes you want to nap at your desk.
Feeling tired after lunch, or post-meals in general, is known as postprandial somnolence—or, colloquially, the food coma.
Part of this phenomenon is due to basic physiology (生理学): When humans eat, most of our blood goes to the digestive organs to process the food, said Sandra Arévalo, director of community health and wellness at Montefiore Nyack Hospital in New York state.
The tendency to get tired after eating isn't inherently suggestive of something amiss (出错的). But there can be additional factors that worsen this natural response, making getting through the rest of the workday or any activities feel like a slog. Here's what to watch out for and how to make adjustments.
When it comes to why you feel overly tired after eating, a common cause is consuming meals that are heavy in terms of quantity or quality. Not eating breakfast can lead to overindulging later in the day if excessive (过度的) hunger makes controlling your appetite difficult, Arévalo said.
Sometimes, however, the makeup of certain foods can contribute to tiredness. Fats are the hardest nutrient to digest because their molecules are much larger than those of protein or carbs, said Julie Stefanski, a spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. If you had a meal high in fat—such as fried foods or pizza—that could make you feel tired. Meals high in added sugar or refined or highly processed carbohydrates can have the same effect.
The fiber in so-called whole foods like corns slows the absorption of sugar into the body, which means they don't cause blood sugar or insulin spikes and instead give you more stable, lasting energy, said Kristin Kirkpatrick, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic.
"A five-minute walk or something helps to improve circulation and alertness (机敏), as well," Arévalo said.
8．What can we know from the third paragraph
A．Blood is bad for the digestive organs.
B．Blood has varieties of tasks to carry out.
C．Eating habits have a great effect on health.
D．Eating too much can burden the digestive organs.
9．Which of the following can replace the underlined word "overindulging"
A．over-consuming B．overweight
C．felling sleepy D．lacking energy
10．What is suggested by Kristin Kirkpatrick
A．Sugar cake. B．Pizza. C．Fried egg. D．Corn.
11．Why does the author write the passage
A．To present a new study. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To provide some guidance. D．To show a social phenomenon.
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了午后犯困的原因，并给出了一些建议。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"When humans eat, most of our blood goes to the digestive organs to process the food, said Sandra Arévalo, director of community health and wellness at Montefiore Nyack Hospital in New York state."纽约州蒙特菲奥里·尼亚克医院的社区健康和保健主任Sandra Arévalo说，当人类吃东西时，我们的大部分血液都流向消化器官来处理食物。可知，人类吃东西时，血液会参与消化食物，可推断，血液肩负着多种任务。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"if excessive (过度的) hunger makes controlling your appetite difficult, Arévalo said"Arévalo说，如果过度的饥饿使你难以控制食欲。可知，过度的饥饿会让你难以控制食欲；结合"Not eating breakfast can lead to"不吃早餐可能会导致……，可知，早上不吃早饭同样会导致难以控制食欲，可推断知，划线词overindulging的意思是"过多吃东西"，故选A。
10．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段"The fiber in so-called whole foods like corns slows the absorption of sugar into the body, which means they don't cause blood sugar or insulin spikes and instead give you more stable, lasting energy, said Kristin Kirkpatrick, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic."克利夫兰诊所的注册营养师Kristin Kirkpatrick说，玉米等所谓天然食物中的纤维可以减缓身体对糖的吸收，这意味着它们不会导致血糖或胰岛素飙升，而是给你更稳定、更持久的能量。可知，Kristin Kirkpatrick认为，玉米可以减缓身体对糖的吸收，会给你更稳定、更持久的能量，这样就不会犯困，因此，Kristin Kirkpatrick应该是推荐玉米。故选D。
11．考查推理判断。根据第一段"After a busy morning, lunch can feel like just the pick-me-up you need-but sometimes the meal that you thought would energize you is the very thing that makes you want to nap at your desk."忙碌了一个上午之后，午餐就像是你需要的提神剂——但有时你以为会让你精力充沛的午餐却让你想在办公桌前打个盹。可知，午餐后人们想在办公桌上打盹，引出本文的话题；第三段中的"Part of this phenomenon is due to basic physiology (生理学)"这种现象的部分原因是基本生理学；以及下文中讲述了午餐后犯困的原因可知，本文分析了出现午餐后犯困的原因；倒数第二段"The fiber in so-called whole foods like corns slows the absorption of sugar into the body, which means they don't cause blood sugar or insulin spikes and instead give you more stable, lasting energy, said Kristin Kirkpatrick, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic."克利夫兰诊所的注册营养师Kristin Kirkpatrick说，玉米等所谓天然食物中的纤维可以减缓身体对糖的吸收，这意味着它们不会导致血糖或胰岛素飙升，而是给你更稳定、更持久的能量；以及最后一段"‘A five-minute walk or something helps to improve circulation and alertness (机敏), as well,' Arévalo said.""五分钟的步行或其他活动也有助于改善血液循环和警觉性，"arsamuvalo说。可知，本文对午餐后犯困提出了一些相对应的建议，改变一下饮食以及午餐后参加一些活动有助于改善血液循环。本文从列举现象，到分析原因，直至最后给提出相应的建议，可推知本文的目的是给人们提供一些指导。故选C。
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If you are a psychology enthusiast, you have probably heard of the famous marshmallow (棉花糖) test. In this task, kids are given a single treat, such as a marshmallow, and are told that they can eat that marshmallow now, or they can wait a little while, and have two marshmallows instead.
Some kids eat the marshmallow immediately, but most try their best to wait for the experimenter to come back with two marshmallows.
Wait times in the marshmallow test came to be seen as indicators of self-control. But what if the behavior in the marshmallow test has more to do with cultural norms (准则) than self-control A 2022 study by Yanaoka tested the idea that children may decide how long to wait for rewards based on what they are accustomed to waiting for in their culture. In the United States (with some exceptions), there is no widespread custom of waiting until everyone is served to eat your food. However, in Japan, there is a mealtime custom of waiting until everyone has been served before anyone digs in.
Because of this difference in norms, the researchers assumed that Japanese children would wait longer in the marshmallow test than the American children. This is exactly what they found. The researchers did a clever follow-up experiment. They found one field where children in the U.S. are accustomed to waiting longer than Japanese children are: Opening presents. In the U.S., gifts are usually given on special occasions, such as birthdays and Christmas. On these occasions, children usually have to wait before they can open their presents. In Japan, however, gift-giving happens more often, and children usually open presents immediately.
Given these cultural differences, Yanaoka expected that if they ran the marshmallow test with Japanese and American kids, but they replaced marshmallows with packaged gifts, then American kids would wait longer to open them. Once again, their assumption was correct. When the potential rewards were packaged gifts instead of food, American children waited 15 minutes on average, and Japanese children waited about four minutes on average.
This is a powerful result because it demonstrates the importance of culture and habit in shaping behavior. If a child waits only four minutes before giving up on two marshmallows but then waits almost four times longer to open a gift, can we really say that that child lacks self-control I don't think so.
12．What is the main factor that influences children's behavior in the experiments
A．Self-control. B．Parental influence.
C．Cultural norms. D．Reward preferences.
13．What did the study find about American children A. They often receive gifts.
A．They display higher self-control.
B．They prefer gifts to food rewards.
C．They tend to wait longer to open gifts.
14．How did Yanaoka conduct the follow-up experiment
A．By referring to data. B．By making a comparison.
C．By introducing a concept. D．By presenting an argument.
15．What is the author's attitude towards Yanaoka's study
A．Critical. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.
【答案】12．C
13．C
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了文化对儿童行为的影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"But what if the behavior in the marshmallow test has more to do with cultural norms (准则) than self-control A2022 study by Yanaoka tested the idea that children may decide how long to wait for rewards based on what they are accustomed to waiting for in their culture. In the United States (with some exceptions), there is no widespread custom of waiting until everyone is served to eat your food. However, in Japan, there is a mealtime custom of waiting until everyone has been served before anyone digs in."但是，如果棉花糖测试中的行为更多地与文化规范有关，而不是自我控制呢？Yanaoka在2022年进行的一项研究测试了这样一种观点，即儿童可能会根据他们在自己的文化中习惯等待的时间来决定等待奖励的时间。在美国（除了一些例外），没有普遍的习惯是等到每个人都上桌了再吃你的食物。然而，在日本，有一个用餐时间的习俗，那就是等到所有人都被端上来后再开始吃。可知Yanaoka 的研究表明文化准则是影响孩子行为的主要因素。故选C。
13．考查细节理解。根据第五段"Given these cultural differences, Yanaoka expected that if they ran the marshmallow test with Japanese and American kids, but they replaced marshmallows with packaged gifts, then American kids would wait longer to open them. Once again, their assumption was correct. When the potential rewards were packaged gifts instead of food, American children waited 15 minutes on average, and Japanese children waited about four minutes on average. "考虑到这些文化差异，Yanaoka预计，如果他们对日本和美国的孩子进行棉花糖测试，但他们用包装好的礼物代替棉花糖，那么美国孩子会等更长的时间才打开棉花糖。再一次，他们的假设是正确的。当潜在的奖励是包装好的礼物而不是食物时，美国孩子平均等待15分钟，日本孩子平均等待4分钟。可知美国儿童倾向于等更长的时间来打开礼物，故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"In the United States (with some exceptions), there is no widespread custom of waiting until everyone is served to eat your food. However, in Japan, there is a mealtime custom of waiting until everyone has been served before anyone digs in."在美国（除了一些例外），没有普遍的习惯是等到每个人都上桌了再吃你的食物。然而，在日本，有一个用餐时间的习俗，那就是等到所有人都被端上来后再开始吃。可知Yanaoka 通过比较美国和日本孩子在棉花糖实验和礼物实验中的等待时间，来进行后续实验证明他们的假设。因此Yanaoka通过比较进行实验的，故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"This is a powerful result because it demonstrates the importance of culture and habit in shaping behavior. If a child waits only four minutes before giving up on two marshmallows but then waits almost four times longer to open a gift, can we really say that that child lacks self-control I don't think so."这是一个强有力的结果，因为它证明了文化和习惯在塑造行为方面的重要性。如果一个孩子在放弃两块棉花糖前只等了四分钟，但在打开礼物时却等了几乎四倍的时间，我们真的能说这个孩子缺乏自制力吗？我不这么想。可知作者认为这个研究强有力地证明了文化和习惯对行为的塑造的重要性，并质疑了是否可以单纯地将孩子的行为归因于缺乏自控能力。可推知作者对 Yanaoka 的研究持赞同态度。故选 D。
（2023高三上·南充月考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you want to learn the material you're studying—like, reallylearn it 16． One learning theory suggests that if you overlearn, you'll gain the ability to do something without having to think about it — and eventually obtain more knowledge. Here's what overlearning is and how to do it.
What is overlearning
Simply put, overlearning means studying something even once you're sure you know it. Don't stop reviewing or studying just because you succeeded in memorizing something. 17．
The purpose of overlearning is to make the task easy to ensure it is completed to a high standard with no stress. For example, a student wants to pass their spelling test which has 10 words. Knowing about overlearning, she doesn't just memorize each word, but also learns about the origins of each word. 18． Similarly, a teacher wanting to learn about teaching strategies might not simply read one book — they may read ten books, watch videos, attend lectures (and maybe even write their own book).
How do you overlearn
19． For instance, when using the Leitner method, always review all the flashcards you're assigned on a particular day, even if you feel like passing over them because you got them right last time. Repeatedly going over material you know well is the key to overlearning and eventual automatic recall.
Schedule blocks of time in your week for reviewing materials you've already mastered. 20． Continually reintroducing familiar ideas to yourself will dig them deeper into your long term memory.
A. Overlearning has several benefits. B. Then what you need to do is overlearn it. C. Review material you already know front to back. D. This takes time, but it makes the spelling test a walk in the park. E. Instead, keep going, digging it deeper and deeper into your brain. F. In real life, we sometimes want to learn more than one similar task. G. This can be as easy as re-reading your notes, or as complex as taking practice tests.
【答案】16．B；17．E；18．D；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了过度学习的概念和方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Do you want to learn the material you're studying—like, really learn it "你想学习你正在学习的材料吗 比如，真正地学习它？此处应该是对这个问题的回答，并引出文章话题overlearning，B. Then what you need to do is overlearn it."那你需要做的就是过度学习"，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
17．根据空前"Don't stop reviewing or studying just because you succeeded in memorizing something."不要因为你成功地记住了某些东西就停止复习或学习。指出，不要因为已经记得某些东西就停止复习，此处应该是要怎么做。E. Instead, keep going, digging it deeper and deeper into your brain."相反，继续深入挖掘你的大脑。"承接上文，告诉我们要继续复习，将其深入脑中，符合语境，故选E。
18．根据空前" Knowing about overlearning, she doesn't just memorize each word, but also learns about the origins of each word."了解过度学习，她不仅能记住每个单词，还能了解每个单词的起源。指出要了解过度学习；以及空后"Similarly, a teacher wanting to learn about teaching strategies might not simply read one book-they may read ten books, watch videos, attend lectures (and maybe even write their own book)."同样的，一个想要学习教学策略的老师可能不仅仅是读一本书——他们可能会读十本书，看视频，听讲座(甚至可能写自己的书)。举例说明了解过度学习就像老师学习教学策略一样，花很多时间，D. This takes time, but it makes the spelling test a walk in the park."这需要时间，但它使拼写测试在公园散步时就做了。"承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
19．根据本段小标题"How do you overlearn "你如何过度学习？；以及空后"For instance, when using the Leitner method, always review all the flashcards you're assigned on a particular day, even if you feel like passing over them because you got them right last time. Repeatedly going over material you know well is the key to overlearning and eventual automatic recall."例如，当使用 Leitner 方法时，总是回顾你在某一天分配给你的所有抽认卡，即使你觉得因为你上次做对了而想要忽略它们。反复阅读你熟悉的材料是过度学习和最终自动回忆的关键。举例说明C. Review material you already know front to back."从头到尾复习你已经知道的材料。"，即在复习闪卡时，不要跳过已经会的，而是要从头到尾都复习一遍。故选C。
20．根据空前"Schedule blocks of time in your week for reviewing materials you've already mastered. " 在你的一周中安排一些时间来复习你已经掌握的材料。指出要计划用成块的时间来复习所学，此处承接上文，对此进行说明，介绍该如何做，G. This can be as easy as re-reading your notes, or as complex as taking practice tests."这可以像重读笔记一样简单，也可以像参加模拟考试一样复杂。"符合语境。故选G。
（2023高三上·南充月考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points. He was 21． , and after thanking him for his honesty, I changed the grade in my 22． . His beaming (欢笑的) face turned to shock. "You're 23． my grade " he said angrily. "I would never have come in 24． …"
He didn't finish the 25． , but it was obvious that his display of honesty was 26． . He thought he'd have it all—praise and the higher grade.
Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade 27． because all I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being 28． in the future. And every time I tell this story some people agree with this 29． .
But I can't see how I could give good reason for worsening my 30． in grading by undermining (损害) the honesty of all my grades by failing to 31． an error. The grade itself would be a dishonest 32． of his knowledge and it would have been 33． to other students. How could I 34． give a student a gift of an unearned grade
I know 35． reporting an error in one's favor is unusual, but, like 36． too much change, it's clearly the right thing to do. People of character, those with real honesty, hate to give up 37． as much as anyone else. The difference is that for them a good conscience and reputation is 38． enough to give reason for the cost of doing the right thing.
Perhaps lowering the student's grade did 39． him from being honest in the future, but bribing (贿赂) him to be honest so that he does the right thing when it's cost-free would have 40． him even more. The duty to be honest is about right and wrong, not risks and rewards.
21．A． wise B． right C． grateful D． upset
22．A． files B． books C． records D． notes
23．A． lowering B． correcting C． changing D． making
24．A． though B． why C． where D． if
25．A． sentence B． work C． exam D． lesson
26．A． good B． false C． special D． impressive
27．A． remove B． change C． stand D． add
28．A． brave B． adventurous C． successful D． honest
29．A． remark B． complaint C． praise D． achievement
30．A． crime B． mistake C． doubt D． guilt
31．A． make B． find C． correct D． avoid
32．A． reaction B． sense C． sign D． reflection
33．A． unfair B． cruel C． tough D． funny
34．A．reluctantly B．responsibly C．impossibly D．impatiently
35．A． actively B． secretly C． voluntarily D． curiously
36．A． receiving B． paying C． earning D． returning
37．A． benefits B． honors C． awards D． gifts
38．A． pleasure B． reward C． content D． honor
39．A． protect B． influence C． discourage D． separate
40．A． improved B． encouraged C． blamed D． ruined
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．A；26．B；27．C；28．D；29．A；30．B；31．C；32．D；33．A；34．B；35．C；36．D；37．A；38．B；39．C；40．D
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者根据自己的亲身经历，告诉我们要怎样保持诚实。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：他是对的，在感谢他的诚实之后，我改了我的成绩。A. wise"明智的"；B. right"对的，正确的"；C. grateful"感激的"；D. upset"不安的"。根据上文"I made an error in grading"；以及下文"I changed the grade"可知这个学生说对了。故选B。
22．句意：他是对的，在感谢他的诚实之后，我改了成绩。A. files"文件"；B. books"书"；C. records"记录"；D. notes"笔记"。根据上文 "When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points."学生说批改错误，所以我应是在记录本上改正分数，故选C。
23．句意："你要降我的分数 "他生气地说。A. lowering"降低"；B. correcting"改正"；C. changing"改变"；D. making"使，让"。根据下文"He thought he'd have it all—praise and the higher grade."可知学生本以为老师会帮他加分；以及上文"His beaming (欢笑的) face turned to shock"可知老师不但没有加分而且还减了分。故选A。
24．句意：如果知道是减分的话我就不回来了。A. though"尽管"；B. why"为什么"；C. where"哪里"；D. if"如果"。根据上下文可知是条件状语从句的省略，以及上文"‘You're 3 my grade ' he said angrily"可知如果减分我就不回来了，故选D。
25．句意：他没有把话说完，但很明显，他表现出来的诚实是假的。 A. sentence"句子"；B. work"工作"；C. exam"考试"；D. lesson"课程"。根据上文"I would never have come in 4 …"可知，学生没有把话说完。故选A。
26．句意：他没有把话说完，但很明显，他表现出来的诚实是假的A. good"好的"；B. false"假的"；C. special"特殊的"；D. impressive"给人印象深刻的"。根据下文"He thought he'd have it all—praise and the higher grade. "可知，学生的诚实都是虚假伪装的，只不过希望老师多给点分数。故选B。
27．句意：有几个同事认为我应该让更高的分数留下来，因为我所做的一切只是让他以后不再诚实。A. remove"移出，去除"；B. change"改变"；C. stand"维持，保持"；D. add"增加"。根据空后"because all I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being 8 in the future."可知当我与同事说起时，同事希望维持较高的分数不变，因为这样才能让学生以后诚实，故选C。
28．句意：有几个同事认为我应该让更高的分数留下来，因为我所做的一切只是让他以后不再诚实。 A. brave"勇敢的"；B. adventurous"冒险的"；C. successful"成功的"；D. honest"诚实的"。根据上下文的因果关系，可知同事希望作者维持高分，这样才能使学生以后能诚实，故选D。
29．句意：每次和别人谈起，总有些人同意这样的观点。A. remark"观点"；B. complaint"抱怨"；C. praise"赞扬"；D. achievement"成就"。根据上文"Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade 7 because all I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being 8 in the future."可知别人也同意这种观点，故选A。
30．句意：但是我不明白我有什么理由因为没有改正一个错误而破坏了我所有成绩的诚实，从而加重了我的评分错误。A. crime"罪行"；B. mistake"错误"；C. doubt"怀疑"；D. guilty"内疚的"。根据上文"I made an error in grading his exam"可知此处指错误，故选B。
31．句意：但是我不明白我有什么理由因为没有改正一个错误而破坏了我所有成绩的诚实，从而加重了我的评分错误。A. make"使，让"；B. find"找到，发现"；C. correct"改正"；D. avoid"避免"。根据上文可知因为学生指出我未能批改出他作业中的错误。fail to correct"未能改正"，故选C。
32．句意：分数本身就是对他知识的不诚实的反映，这对其他学生是不公平的。A. reaction"反应"；B. sense"感觉"；C. sign"迹象"；D. reflection"体现"。根据上文"but it was obvious that his display of honesty was 6 "可推知，作者认为如果给那名学生高分，就是对他所掌握的知识的不诚实的体现，故选D。
33．句意：分数本身就是对他知识的不诚实的反映，这对其他学生是不公平的。A. unfair"不公平的"；B. cruel"残忍的"；C. tough"艰难的"；D. funny"有趣的"。根据空前"The grade itself would be a dishonest 12 of his knowledge"和常识可知给了这个学生高分，就是对其他学生的不公平，故选A。
34．句意：我怎么能负责任地给学生一个不劳而获的分数作为礼物呢 A. reluctantly"不情愿地"；B. responsibly"负责忍地"；C. impossibly"不可能地"；D. impatiently"不耐烦地"。根据上文"The grade itself would be a dishonest 12 of his knowledge and it would have been 13 to other students."可知作者内心无法做到这一点，因此我无法负责任地给学生这么一个不是自己辛苦学习所得到的分数，故选B。
35．句意：我知道主动报告对某人有利的错误是不寻常的，但是，就像退回太多的零钱一样，这显然是正确的事情。A. actively"积极地"；B. secretly"秘密地"；C. voluntarily"自愿地"；D. curiously "好奇地"。根据上文"When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points."可知是学生自愿来说明批改上的错误，故选C。
36．句意：我知道主动报告对某人有利的错误是不寻常的，但是，就像退回太多的零钱一样，这显然是正确的事情。A. receiving"收到"；B. paying"支付"；C. earning"赚得"；D. returning"归还"。根据空后"too much change, it's clearly the right thing to do. "可知主动报告错误，就像退回多给的零钱一样是正确的事情，故选D。
37．句意：有品格的人，那些真正诚实的人，和其他人一样讨厌放弃利益。A. benefits"利益"；B. honors"荣誉"；C. awards"奖赏"；D. gifts"礼物"。根据下文"The difference is that for…"可知上文指真正诚实的人也和大多数人一样，也就是说不愿意放弃好处，故选A。
38．句意：不同之处在于，对他们来说，良好的良心和声誉足以让他们有理由为做正确的事情付出代价。A. pleasure"快乐"；B. reward"奖励"；C. content"内容"；D. honor"荣誉"。根据语境和常识可知，做正常的事情会有良好的良心和声誉来作为奖励，故选B。
39．句意：也许降低学生的分数确实会让他在未来不再诚实，但贿赂他诚实，让他在没有成本的情况下做正确的事情，甚至会让毁了他。A. protect"保护"；B. influence"影响"；C. discourage"阻止"；D. separate"分开"。根据上文"I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being"可知此题为原词重现，应用discourage，故选C。
40．句意：也许降低学生的分数确实会让他在未来不再诚实，但贿赂他诚实，让他在没有成本的情况下做正确的事情，甚至会让毁了他。A. improved"提高"；B. encouraged"鼓励"；C. blamed"责备"；D. ruined"毁坏，摧毁"。根据空前"Perhaps lowering the student's grade did 19 him from being honest in the future, but"以及转折关系可知如果给他好处让他诚实会毁了他。故选D。
（2023高三上·南充月考） 语法填空
Kunqu Opera, 41． (originate) in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, first emerged as 42． unique local melody in the eastern Chinese city of Suzhou. Thanks to reforms by a retired official named Wei Liangfu, it took a delicate form in the 1500s, 43． it earned its reputation as "The Queen of the Chinese Operas".
Kunqu Opera is a 44． (mix) of various art forms including songs, narration, dance and martial arts, with astonishing makeup, embroidered (刺绣) costumes and stage arrangements adding to its elegance. 45． many traditional Chinese operas, the Kunqu style also has five main roles: Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo, Chou.
Kunqu Opera performances are highly stylized. Traditionally, the stage is 46． (simple) decorated so as not to steal the show from the production's most important element: the plot. The storyline 47． (drive) by the songs, body movements and gestures of the performers on stage. To convey their emotions while performing, 48． performers need to do is control their breath and tone with extreme carefulness, have full command of their 49． (face) expressions and master the many ways to use their stares, smiles and frowns to convey their emotions.
The basic performance unit of Kunqu Opera, Qupai, is still in use in some traditional operas and is expected 50． (use) in the future.
【答案】41．originating；42．a；43．when；44．mixture；45．Like；46．simply；47．is driven；48．what；49．facial；50．to be used
【知识点】说明文；文学艺术类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了昆曲的发展历史。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，冠词，定语从句，名词，介词，副词，时态语态，主语从句，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：昆曲起源于元末明初，最初作为一种独特的地方旋律出现在中国东部城市苏州。此处与所修饰词 Kunqu Opera 在逻辑上是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填originating。
42．句意：昆曲起源于元末明初，最初作为一种独特的地方旋律出现在中国东部城市苏州。可数名词melody前用不定冠词表示"一种"。unique的发音是辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a，故填a。
43．句意：由于一位名叫魏良辅的退休官员的改革，它在16世纪形成了精致的形式，当时赢得了"中国戏剧女王"的声誉。 it earned its reputation as "The Queen of the Chinese Operas" 是非限制性定语从句，先行词1500s指时间，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。
44．句意：昆曲是多种艺术形式的混合，包括歌曲，旁白，舞蹈和武术，惊人的化妆，刺绣服装和舞台布置增加了它的优雅。a mixture of固定短语，"……的混合"。故填mixture。
45．句意：像许多中国传统戏剧一样，昆曲风格也有五个主要角色:生、旦、净、末、丑。分析句子结构可知，名词前用介词，表示像很多中国传统戏剧，用介词like，位于句首首字母大写。故填Like。
46．句意：传统上，舞台的装饰简单是为了不影响演出最重要的元素:情节。此处副词作状语修饰谓语动词be decorated，故填simply。
47．句意：故事情节由舞台上表演者的歌曲、肢体动作和手势驱动。此处是谓语动词，根据本段讲述的是昆曲的事实，应使用一般现在时态，与句子主语the storyline之间为被动关系，且主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is driven。
48．句意：为了在表演中表达自己的情感，表演者需要做的就是非常小心地控制自己的呼吸和语调，充分掌握自己的面部表情，掌握用眼神、微笑和皱眉来表达情感的多种方式。 performers need to do是主语从句，从句中do缺少宾语，用what引导主语从句。故填what。
49．句意：为了在表演中表达自己的情感，表演者需要做的就是非常小心地控制自己的呼吸和语调，充分掌握自己的面部表情，掌握用眼神、微笑和皱眉来表达情感的多种方式。此处形容词facial修饰名词expressions，作定语，故填facial。
50．句意：昆曲的基本表演单位曲牌至今仍在一些传统戏曲中使用，并有望在未来得到使用。此处非谓语动词作宾语补足语，与所修饰词之间为被动关系，expect to do表示期望，所以使用不定式的被动形式。故填to be used。
51．（2023高三上·南充月考） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
To enrich students' school life, an excited competition was held on last Saturday on the school playground. Ten boys and ten girls selected by each class lined beside the rope and grasped it, eager waiting for the start. With the whistle blowing, the participants tried their best to pull the rope, while those standing by cheered desperately for him. Eventually, every students of the class won the competition was awarded a delicate notebook.
The competition was highly thought by students. Not only did it build up their bodies, but also strengthen their teamwork. Plus, the competition received positive response from parents and teachers, what made a hit in the circle of WeChat.
【答案】①excited→exciting②删除last前面的on③eager→eagerly④blowing→blown⑤him→them⑥every后面的students→student⑦won→winning⑧在thought和by之间增加of⑨strengthen→strengthened⑩what→which
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了学校举办拔河比赛，学生热情参与，家长和老师们积极响应。
（1）句意：为了丰富学生们的校园生活，上周六在学校操场上举行了一场激动人心的比赛。此处是修饰competition的定语，描述比赛的性质，应用形容词exciting，意为"令人激动的"。故excited改为exciting。
（2）。句意：为了丰富学生们的校园生活，上周六在学校操场上举行了一场激动人心的比赛。此处表示"上周六"，用固定短语last Saturday，不需要介词on。故删除last前面的on。
（3）句意：每个班选出十个男孩和十个女孩，站在绳子旁边，紧紧抓住绳子，急切地等待着开始。此处修饰动词waiting，应用副词eagerly，故eager改为eagerly。
（4）句意：随着哨声的吹响，参与者们拼命地拉绳子，而站在旁边的学生则拼命地为他们加油。此处是with的复合结构，blow和逻辑主语whistle是动宾关系，应用过去分词，故blowing改为blown。
（5）句意：随着哨声的吹响，参与者们拼命地拉绳子，而站在旁边的学生则拼命地为他们加油。结合句意可知，此处指站在旁边的学生则拼命地为参加拔河比赛的同学们加油，应用代词them指代参加拔河比赛的同学们。故him改为them。
（6）句意：最终，赢得比赛的班级的每个学生都获得了一本精美的笔记本。此处every修饰可数名词的单数形式，应用student的单数形式。故every后面的students改为student。
（7）句意：最终，赢得比赛的班级的每个学生都获得了一本精美的笔记本。此处"赢得比赛"作the class的后置定语，且逻辑主语the class和win之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故won改为winning。
（8）句意：学生们对这次比赛评价很高。结合句意可知，此处表示"被给予很高评价"，应用固定短语be highly thought of，故在thought和by之间增加of。
（9）句意：这不仅锻炼了他们的身体，也加强了他们的团队合作。文章叙述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，且Not only did it build up their bodies也用一般过去时，此处应用一般过去时，strengthen需用过去式strengthened。故strengthen改为strengthened。
（10）句意：此外，比赛得到了家长和老师的积极响应，在微信朋友圈引起了轰动。此处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面整句话进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应该用关系代词which。故what改为which。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及形容词，介词，副词，非谓语动词，代词，名词，介词，时态以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
52．（2023高三上·南充月考） 12月3日是世界残疾人日(International Day of Persons with Disabilities), 校英语社将举办以"Caring for the disabled"为主题的英语演讲比赛。假如你是英语社主席李华，请根据提示用英语写一则书面通知，发布到校园网上。
内容包括：
1. 演讲比赛的安排及意义;
2. 欢迎大家积极参与。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】One possible version:
Notice
With the International Day of Persons with disabilities approaching, the school English club is to hold an English speech contest themed "Caring for the Disabled". The contest, aimed to promote the awareness of respecting the disabled and offering a helping hand to them when needed, consists of two parts. Anyone who is willing to voice your opinions on this topic is welcome to take part by signing up on our website or dropping in our office in person with a video of your speech on the given topic not later than December 7. Remember to limit your video to no longer than 5 minutes. Then, ten finalists will be selected to participate in the final contest to be held in the school academic hall on December 10. We are looking forward to seeing you fill the hall and enjoy the evening and speeches with us. Your participation and involvement will surely be appreciated.
The School English Club
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 英语社主席李华 的身份， 写一则书面通知，发布到校园网上 。写作背景：12月3日是世界残疾人日(International Day of Persons with Disabilities), 校英语社将举办以"Caring for the disabled"为主题的英语演讲比赛。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 演讲比赛的安排及意义；2. 欢迎大家积极参与。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：With the International Day of Persons with disabilities approaching, the school English club is to hold an English speech contest themed "Caring for the Disabled". 运用了with的复合结构；The contest, aimed to promote the awareness of respecting the disabled and offering a helping hand to them when needed, consists of two parts. 运用了时间状语从句的省略；Anyone who is willing to voice your opinions on this topic is welcome to take part by signing up on our website or dropping in our office in person with a video of your speech on the given topic not later than December 7. 运用了限制性定语从句；Remember to limit your video to no longer than 5 minutes. 运用了祈使句，不定式作宾语；Then, ten finalists will be selected to participate in the final contest to be held in the school academic hall on December 10. 运用了被动语态； Your participation and involvement will surely be appreciated.运用了被动语态。
1 / 1
