2024-2025学年江苏省常州高级中学高二上学期强基班10月月考英语试题（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2024-2025学年江苏省常州高级中学高二上学期强基班10月月考英语试题（含解析） |  | |
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2024-2025学年江苏省常州高级中学高二上学期强基班10月月考英语试题
第一部分 听力
略
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
The Mona Lisa is the famous Leonardo da Vinci painting of a woman with a mysterious smile. This week, the woman parted her lips to whisper an ancient secret.
Scientists using X-rays to examine the chemical structure of a small part of the painting discovered a technique Leonardo used in the work. An oil paint used for it was a special, new chemical mixture, which suggests that the Italian artist was in an experimental mood when he worked on the painting in the 16th century.
“He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically,” said Victor Gonzalez, a chemist who has studied the chemical element of several works by Leonardo and other artists. The researchers found a rare lead compound (铅化合物)—plumbonacrite, in Leonardo’s first layer of paint. The discovery proved that da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint. The paint in the study is about the thickness of a human hair, lying in the top right area of the painting.
The scientists looked into its atomic (原子的) structure using X-rays, moving particles at the speed of light, permitting researchers to look deeper into the paint structure. “Plumbonacrite is really a fingerprint of his recipe, as it’s the first time we can chemically confirm it,” Gonzalez said.
Rembrandt, the Dutch master, may have employed a similar blend in his 17th-century paintings. Gonzalez and fellow researchers have also detected plumbonacrite in his art. It’s believed that Leonardo used lead oxide powder, which has an orange color, to thicken his oil paint and speed up drying. “What you will get is an oil that has a very nice golden color,” Gonzalez said. “It flows more like honey.”
But the Mona Lisa---said by the Louvre to be a portrait (肖像) of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a Florentine silk businessman—There’s more to her gaze than meets the eye. “What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge,” Gonzalez said.
1. What technique did da Vinci potentially use in the Mona Lisa
A The employment of tailored X-rays. B. The application of a rare lead compound.
C. A special mixture of oil paints. D. The universal use of atomic structures.
2. What does the use of plumbonacrite suggest about Leonardo’s painting approach
A. Willingness to experiment. B. Giving priority to conventions.
C. Technically identical output. D. Concentration on paint drying.
3. What can we infer about the Mona Lisa from the last paragraph
A. It still holds secrets yet to be uncovered. B. It echoes the realities of the worldly life.
C. It’s a perfect combination of old and new. D. It serves as the key to understanding Leonardo.
B
The expression “Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration (汗水)” is often attributed to Thomas Edison. But as we have progressed into the 21st century, I think we should update the saying: “Success is 1% inspiration and 99% preparation.”
Indeed, ideas are shooting around faster than ever, but most are worthless because no one does the hard work to implement them. And as we’re in a service economy now, implementation requires hours and hours not of sweat but of preparation. You must do it all: reading, researching, falling into one rabbit hole after another on the Internet to find the right series of test cases and quotes to make your point, and presenting your idea briefly and clearly.
Preparation is everything! Watch the amazing 2021 video of the Perseverance rover landing on the surface of Mars. The onboard camera shows the terrain (地形). After the landing, I’m pretty sure one of the scientists exclaims, “Hey, that’s my rock.” In mission preparation, the entire landing area was digitized. The planners knew the placement of every rock and dip in terrain.
Churchill famously memorized his speeches and practiced giving them over and over in his bathtub. Some of this was to overcome his stutter (口吃), but it was mainly to get the tone just right. Nothing was off-the-cuff (即兴的). His speeches didn’t sound like they were read from a piece of paper; they felt stream of consciousness. In his finest hours he showed the value of preparation.
But, you may ask, why put in any extra effort ChatGPT can pass Advanced Placement tests, entry exams for law and medical school, and even the bar exam. That probably says more about how poor those tests are than about AI’s ability. But even though AI can answer almost any question you throw at it, it is worthless in an elevator when your boss asks you what you think about new product ideas or sales prospects in Omaha.
The only answer comes from that 99% preparation. Study everything, not only the task you’ve been assigned. Dig e up with ideas and potential solutions. Work on an elevator speech for what excites you. Don’t wing it. Prepare. And trust me, the feeling you get from preparation-induced success is better than anything you can buy at a drugstore. Preparation will make you super great.
4. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. The service economy makes ideas worthless.
B. Ideas are worthless without preparation and hard work.
C. Implementation does not take much time these days.
D. Implementation requires more inspiration than preparation.
5. How does the author try to persuade readers to accept his argument
A. By providing research results. B. By sharing his experience.
C. By listing examples. D. By referring to experts' words.
6. What point is the author trying to make by mentioning ChatGPT
A. ChatGPT is capable of passing various tests.
B. Elevator conversations require high social skills.
C. Standard tests do not fully represent one’s abilities.
D. Preparation can help you perform better than Al.
7. What does the text mainly talk about
A. How we should make preparation for our future.
B. How we can achieve success wth little sweat.
C. Why preparation can pave the way to your success.
D. Why perspiration still maters in the 21st century.
C
Millions of migratory (迁徙) birds occupy seasonally favorable breeding grounds in the Arelie, but scientists know little about the formation, maintenance and future of the migration routes of Arctic birds and the genetic determinants of migratory distance. In a new study, a multinational team of researchers under the leadership of Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences integrated two state- of- the- art techniques — satellite tracking and whole genome sequencing (基因组测序) — and established a continental-scale migration system of peregrine falcons (游隼) in Eurasian Arctic.
The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcons from six Eurasian Arctic breeding populations and sequenced 35 genomes from four of these populations to study the migration of this species. They found that the birds used five migration routes across Eurasia, probably established between the last Ice Age 22,000 years ago and the middle-Holocene 6,000 years ago. “Peregrine falcons initiated their autumn migration mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in October,” said Professor Mike Bruford, an ecologist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcons that depart from different breeding grounds use different routes, and winter at widely distributed sites across four distinct regions. Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal (扩散). ”
The researchers quantified the migration strategies and found that migration distance is the most significant differentiation. They used whole genome sequencing and found a gene — ADCY8, which is known to be involved in long-term memory in other animals in previous research — associated with differences in migratory distance. They found ADCY8 had a variant (变体) at high frequency in long- distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long- term memory thought to be essential for long- distance migration.
“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration — but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified,” Professor Bruford said. The researchers further looked at models of likely future migration behavior to predict the impact of global warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine populations in western Eurasia have the highest probability of population decline and may stop migrating altogether.
“Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world”
8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Five birds’ migration routes were built 22, 000 years ago.
B. Peregrine falcons stick to the areas where they winter.
C. Peregrine falcons leave for Arctic regions in September.
D. Two novel research methods of migration were invented.
9. What can we infer about ADCY8
A. It is a newly-discovered gene in the new study.
B. It serves as a fundamental part of long- distance migration.
C. It could be strengthened by the power of long- term memory.
D. It turned out to be more favored by birds than the other animals.
10. What is special about the new study
A. It has discovered a new genomic region of birds.
B It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms.
C. It analyses the reasons for the decrease of peregrine falcons.
D. It encourages attention to environmental effects on migratory birds.
11. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Researchers Help Conserve Migratory Species
B. Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds
C. How Long-term Memory Helps Long- distance Migration
D. How Ecological Factors Affect Birds’ Migratory Distances
第二节（共 5 题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It has been a few rough years. Many of us are finding ourselves exhausted, burned out, struggling to build balance back into our lives. We need to recharge. Water can help.
Participating in water activities such as swimming or surfing can help us enter a “flow state”. ___12___ It calms the mind, which is often absorbed by reasoning and worry, says Ricardo Gil-da-Costa, a neuroscientist and chief executive of the neurotechnology company Neuroverse, who has studied how water affects our brain.
Bodies of water also can produce a glorious sense of awe—the emotional response to something vast that expands and challenges how we see the world. ___13___ Water naturally relaxes us and helps focus our thoughts by taking away all the noise.
Water has special properties that may boost nature’s positive impact, environmental psychologists say. When we are near water, there is often less visual and auditory information to process. Our mind can rest. ___14___ Besides, its smell can stir (激发) up positive memories and associations. When we’re floating in water, our bodies can rest too, in a way we never can on land.
___15___ It moves rhythmically, producing a play of light, color and sound that is fascinating. It holds our attention, but not in an overly demanding way. ___16___ It gives our brains a break from the intense, focused, exhausting attention that much of daily life requires. “Water helps your mind wander in a positive way,” says Mare Berman, director of the Environmental Neuroscience Laboratory at the University of Chicago. “This is what is so restorative.”
A. Most important: Water is dynamic.
B. Researchers call this soft fascination.
C. One of the most calming properties of water is its sound.
D It means we become fully devoted to what we’re doing.
E. The sound of water, typically steady and soft, comforts us.
F. Here’s some advice on how to use the healing power of water.
G. Awe can decrease stress and help us put things into perspective.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 5-year-old daughter Kai walked around a bus stop in Finland, picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and putting them in the waste bin. We were visiting family, and here she was, ___17___ the sidewalk.
It didn’t ___18___ me that she would do that. Our project began when Kai ___19___ a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field. We had recently read about how animals can ___20___ balloons for food. “Stop,” Kai said, and I ___21___. As we picked up the balloon, we could see the whole field was covered in trash. “Can we clean it ” Kai asked.
Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles. After we ___22___ two bags, we stopped for the day. The next week, we cleaned the same 30 feet and returned home, hot and ___23___. Our arms were scratched from brush, and it seemed we would never ___24___ those who threw trash out of car windows. When I posted photos of Kai’s project on Facebook, friends praised her ___25___. And they—like me—____26____ her determination to create a better world. ____27____, I just felt something close to irritation (愤怒). Why are we making kids clean up our mess
So when the pandemic hit, I ____28____ our cleanup project, and we haven’t restarted it. Kai is now in third grade, and on Fridays, she’s usually biking with friends after school. She’s still ____29____ about the environment and hopes to become a marine biologist one day and study sharks. She has many years to ____30____, years in which adults will hopefully get serious about solving plastic pollution. We shouldn’t leave children with a diminished planet and expect them to ____31____ it.
17. A. watching B. cleaning C. decorating D. measuring
18. A. surprise B. upset C. please D. embarrass
19. A. left B. caught C. threw D. spotted
20. A. break B. exchange C. replace D. mistake
21. A. set off B. turned down C. pulled over D. called off
22. A. filled B. found C. carried D. emptied
23. A. thrilled B. relaxed C. exhausted D. disappointed
24. A. get ahead of B. catch up with C. get hold of D. put up with
25. A. works B. efforts C. bravery D. generosity
26. A. joined B. criticized C. rewarded D. admired
27. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Moreover
28. A. abandoned B. suspended C. promoted D. delayed
29. A. concerned B. practical C. optimistic D. passionate
30. A. wait B. adapt C. decide D. expect
31. A. save B. enjoy C. accept D. control
第二节
(一)语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays, we are used to opening an app to skim public review s for reference before going to a restaurant. If it has a score of 4.8 or above on a 5-point scale, the restaurant ____32____ (guarantee) to be a good choice; but if it is a 4 or even less, it almost always means the restaurant is so terrible that you are likely to suffer.
In the past months, topics such as “Restaurants with low ratings may taste better” ____33____ (top) the list of search terms. But ____34____ is essential for everyone is the authenticity of the evaluation. We need to analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation ____35____ reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences.
For one thing quite a few business runners rely so ____36____ (primary) on good scores to attract consumers that they manipulate (操纵) ratings by buying positive review s to increase traffic. For another, some consumers may go ____37____ their original intention and give high scores because they receive free dishes or discounts when ____38____ (ask) to submit comments.
____39____ (concern) these phenomena, platforms must develop richer ways for quality players who need more ____40____ (expose) to display themselves and earn what they deserve. Meanwhile, the rating mechanism should include regular monitoring, strict examination and punitive (惩罚性的) measures to create a health y competitive atmosphere. ____41____, users will eventually abandon platforms, leaving those tricky players to their marketing game.
（二）单句填空（共 15 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
42. ________ (employ) in dealing with professional matters, he paid no attention to the outside world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43. It was when he was engaged in the Plaza of Broken Moon that the disaster ________ (strike). (所给词的适当形式填空)
44. From his perspective, decision makers lack the cognitive capacity and the ________ (全面的，综合的) information that would enable them to calculate rationally. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
45. Frankly, it’s difficult to put an accurate ________ (interpret) on the survey result. (所给词的适当形式填空)
46. Even as a young man, he ________ (perceive) as a future chief executive since last year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. The ________ (contradict) demands of justifying and criticizing national prejudice can be seen in the everyday discourse of racism. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. Changes that took place during the c________ (关键的) period at the end of the war were of great significance. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49. The public has reacted in this way because they felt a great relief that the oppressive and unpopular regime ________ (overthrow). (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. They were relevant, exciting and highly ________ (ambition) in the knowledge and skills they demanded of teachers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. Simply put, what the expert said adds new ________ (维度) to my life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52. The signal was ________ (detect) on the top of the mountain, making the researchers trapped in an embarrassing situation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. It ________ (claim) that a major breakthrough has been made in the fight against cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. With many browsers and server programs available, Netscape will lose its ________ (dominate) position in the business. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. What the security officials said in the conference ________ (contradict) what they did. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. She ________ (reward) for her efforts with a cash bonus early this year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
（三）短语填空（共 5 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分）
短语填空
in one’s own right; go about; be down to; all walks of life; speak volumes about; dig up; on exhibition; as opposed to;
57. Much to his relief, the evidence the police have collected ________ his innocence.
58. In short, his success ________ his determination and persistence.
59. Tell us when and why you started your business and how you ________ setting it up.
60. He proved to be an outstanding leader ________ by working hard.
61. The result was rather unsatisfactory, ________ what we had expected.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
62. 假如你是李华，上周三在学校举办的My Favorite Poem in Ancient China主题征文比赛中荣获一等奖，请给你的英国朋友Jack写一封邮件分享这次活动经历，内容包括：
1. 征文的主要内容；
2. 你的感想。
注意：写作词数为 80 词左右。
Dear Jack,
I'm writing to share with you a competition I participated in last Wednesday.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
63. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Anyone going to an amusement park might have seen the likes of me. I held purses, cellphones and sunglasses while others threw themselves on roller coasters. I admit their bravery, but refuse to challenge my own limitations.
One day when we were at the Wonderland Amusement Park in Toronto. My friends tried to get me to ride a roller coaster. But the click, click, click of the cars climbing up the tracks made me fear. The stop at the top, before falling with peoples screams, seemed terrible.
My friends were still trying to persuade me, and I was still saying no, when I suddenly saw a familiar face, one I had never seen outside a television set. It was Jennifer Capriati, a popular tennis star at the top of her game, already winning titles at the age of fourteen. She was my heroine. I pulled out a pen and the only paper that I could find and walked to her.
She was weaving her way through a rope that led to a ride called the Jet Scream. I was running quickly because I didn’t want to pass up the chance to meet her face to face, but I was also a bit nervous. So I waited at the exit to calm down and get closer to her as she came off the ride.
Several minutes later, she got out from the exit, laughing and talking with her brother. I focused on her walking toward me. I looked down at the ground. She walked past. It was more difficult to talk to a star than I thought, but I had to take the chance. I called her name, not very confidently, but more like a question, “Jennifer ” She turned around. Her eyes met mine. Our eyes actually met “Would you mind signing for me ” I asked, handing the pen and paper toward her. Her hand wrote over the paper and said, “You are the first person who has recognized me in the park so let’s take a roller coaster together.”
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing her invitation, I was filled with mixed feelings.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My friend came up and asked, “Are you sure you will take a roller coaster ”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案版
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A
【1题】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The researchers found a rare lead compound (铅化合物)—plumbonacrite, in Leonardo’s first layer of paint. The discovery proved that da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint. (研究人员在列奥纳多画作的第一层中发现了一种罕见的铅化合物——白铅矿。这一发现证明达·芬奇极有可能使用氧化铅来使颜料变稠并帮助颜料干燥。)”可知，达·芬奇在《蒙娜丽莎》中可能使用了一种罕见的铅化合物。故选B项
【2题】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“ ‘He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically,’ said Victor Gonzalez, a chemist who has studied the chemical element of several works by Leonardo and other artists. (“他喜欢尝试，并且他的每一幅画在技术上都完全不同。”研究过列奥纳多和其他艺术家的几部作品的化学成分的化学家维克多·冈萨雷斯说道。)”可知，达·芬奇喜欢实验，故选A项。
【3题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ ‘What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge,’ Gonzalez said. (“我们所说的只是知识大厦中的一块小砖头，”冈萨雷斯说。)”可推知，《蒙娜丽莎》仍然有待揭示的秘密。故选A。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C
【4题】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Indeed, ideas are shooting around faster than ever, but most are worthless because no one does the hard work to implement them. And as we’re in a service economy now, implementation requires hours and hours not of sweat but of preparation. You must do it all: reading, researching, falling into one rabbit hole after another on the Internet to find the right series of test cases and quotes to make your point, and presenting your idea briefly and clearly.(确实，如今想法的传播速度比以往任何时候都要快，但大多数想法都毫无价值，因为没有人愿意下苦功去实现它们。而且，由于我们现在处于服务经济时代，实现想法需要的不是数小时的汗水，而是数小时的准备。你必须做所有的事情：阅读、研究，在互联网上一个接一个地陷入“兔子洞”，以找到恰当的测试用例和引用来支持你的观点，并且简洁明了地阐述你的想法)”可推知，没有准备和努力的想法是无价值的。故选B项。
【5题】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Watch the amazing 2021 video of the Perseverance rover landing on the surface of Mars.(观看2021年毅力号火星车在火星表面着陆的精彩视频)”和第三段中的“In mission preparation, the entire landing area was digitized. The planners knew the placement of every rock and dip in terrain.(在任务准备过程中，整个着陆区都被数字化了。规划者知道每一块岩石的位置和地形的倾角)”以及第四段中的“Churchill famously memorized his speeches and practiced giving them over and over in his bathtub. Some of this was to overcome his stutter (口吃), but it was mainly to get the tone just right. Nothing was off-the-cuff (即兴的).(丘吉尔以熟记演讲而闻名，并在浴缸里反复练习演讲。其中一些是为了克服他的口吃，但主要是为了让语气恰到好处。没有什么是即兴的)”可推知，作者在文章中通过列举多个例子来支持他的观点，如Perseverance火星探测器着陆前的详尽准备，以及丘吉尔对演讲的精心准备等。故选C项。
【6题】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“But, you may ask, why put in any extra effort ChatGPT can pass Advanced Placement tests, entry exams for law and medical school, and even the bar exam. That probably says more about how poor those tests are than about AI’s ability. But even though AI can answer almost any question you throw at it, it is worthless in an elevator when your boss asks you what you think about new product ideas or sales prospects in Omaha.(但是，你可能会问，为什么要付出额外的努力呢？ChatGPT可以通过大学先修课程考试，法学院和医学院的入学考试，甚至律师考试。这可能更多地说明了这些测试有多糟糕，而不是人工智能的能力。但是，尽管人工智能几乎可以回答你提出的任何问题，但当你的老板在电梯里问你对奥马哈的新产品创意或销售前景的看法时，它却毫无价值)”可知，在实际的工作场景中，如电梯里老板询问你对新产品想法或销售前景的看法时，AI是无能为力的。这实际上是在突出准备和人的能力的重要性，即准备可以让你在需要时表现得比AI更好。故选D项。
【7题】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“But as we have progressed into the 21st century, I think we should update the saying: “Success is 1% inspiration and 99% preparation.”(但随着我们进入21世纪，我认为我们应该更新这句话：“成功是1%的灵感和99%的准备。”)”以及最后一段中的“The only answer comes from that 99% preparation.(唯一的答案来自99%的准备)”和“Preparation will make you super great.(准备会让你变得超级棒)”可知，作者认为成功不仅仅是靠灵感，更重要的是准备，整篇文章主要围绕“准备”这一主题展开，通过多个例子和论述来强调准备对于成功的重要性。故选C项。
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. B
【8题】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal(扩散).(追踪超过一年的单个鸟类在迁徙过程中表现出很强的路径重复性，对越冬地点完全忠诚，并限制繁殖扩散。)”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一。故选B。
【9题】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They found ADCY8 had a variant(变体) at high frequency in long- distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long- term memory thought to be essential for long- distance migration.(他们发现ADCY8在长途迁徙的游隼种群中有一种高频率的变异，这表明这种变异被有利地选择了，因为它可能增加长期记忆的能力，这被认为是长途迁徙的必要条件。)”可推断，ADCY8是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素。故选B。
【10题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world””(詹湘江博士说:“我们的工作是第一次开始了解生态因素可能在候鸟中相互作用的方式。”“我们希望它能成为保护世界迁徙物种的基石。”)”可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点。故选D。
【11题】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration-but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified(以前的研究已经确定了几个可能调控迁移的候选基因组区域，但我们的工作是迄今为止与迁移行为相关的特定基因的最有力的证明。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因。所以“Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds(生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
【答案】12. D 13. G 14. E 15. A 16. B
【12题】
根据上文“Participating in water activities such as swimming or surfing can help us enter a “flow state”.(参加游泳或冲浪等水上活动可以帮助我们进入“心流状态”)”提到生僻概念“flow state”，此句应适当解释，而下文“It calms the mind, which is often absorbed by reasoning and worry, says Ricardo Gil-da-Costa, a neuroscientist and chief executive of the neurotechnology company Neuroverse, who has studied how water affects our brain.(神经科学家、神经技术公司Neuroverse的首席执行官Ricardo Gil-da-Costa研究了水如何影响我们的大脑，他说，水能使大脑平静下来，因为大脑经常被推理和担忧所吸引)”阐释此状态的效果。D选项“这意味着我们完全投入到我们正在做的事情中”衔接顺畅，故选D。
【13题】
根据上文“Bodies of water also can produce a glorious sense of awe—the emotional response to something vast that expands and challenges how we see the world.(水体也能产生一种光荣的敬畏感——一种对扩展和挑战我们看待世界方式的巨大事物的情感反应)”提到“awe”，可知，本句进一步阐释其效应。故G选项“敬畏可以减轻压力，帮助我们正确看待事物”符合语境。故选G。
【14题】
本段前两句“Water has special properties that may boost nature’s positive impact, environmental psychologists say. When we are near water, there is often less visual and auditory information to process.(环境心理学家说，水具有特殊的性质，可以增强大自然的积极影响。当我们靠近水时，需要处理的视觉和听觉信息往往较少)”笼统地提到水有一些特殊属性含有较少视觉和听觉信息。由空前“Our mind can rest(我们的心可以休息)”可知，行文逻辑已经从说明水的特质转变为阐释水对人的影响或效果。此空下文“Besides, its smell can stir (激发) up positive memories and associations.(此外，它的气味还能唤起积极的记忆和联想)”亦是阐释其效果，可知本句是在阐释水声对人的影响或效果。E选项“水的声音，典型的稳定和柔和，安慰我们”符合语境，故选E。
【15题】
由前三段的段首句可知，每段从不同方面解释水具有治愈力的原因，此段也不例外。由下文“It moves rhythmically, producing a play of light, color and sound that is fascinating.(它有节奏地移动，产生一种迷人的光、色和声的游戏)”可知，此段着重于介绍水的动态性，A选项“最重要的是：水是动态的”符合语境。故选A。
【16题】
根据上文“It moves rhythmically, producing a play of light, color and sound that is fascinating. It holds our attention, but not in an overly demanding way.(它有节奏地移动，产生一种迷人的光、色和声的游戏。它吸引了我们的注意力，但不是以一种过分要求的方式)”可知，此处需要从正面来说明水对我们有较为柔和的影响，即“软迷恋”。故B选项“研究人员称之为‘软魅力’”衔接顺畅。故选B。
【答案】17 B 18. A 19. D 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A
【17题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们要去拜访家人，而她正在这里，清理人行道。A. watching看；B. cleaning打扫，清理；C. decorating装饰；D. measuring度量，测量。根据上文中的“picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and putting them in the waste bin”可知，女儿在捡垃圾并扔到垃圾桶，所以她在清理人行道。故选B。
【18题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会那样做，我并不感到惊讶。A. surprise使惊奇，使感到意外；B. upset使烦恼；C. please使满意；D. embarrass使尴尬。根据下文中的“Our project began when Kai ___3___a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field. We had recently read about how animals can ___4___ balloons for food. ”可知，作者和女儿最近读到了关于动物如何将气球误认为食物的文章，在发现一只泄气的气球的时候就开始了清理计划，所以女儿在拜访家人的时候打扫人行道，这对作者来说并不惊讶。故选A。
【19题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Kai在一片空地上发现一个泄了气的气球时，我们的计划就开始了。A. left离开；B. caught截住，拦住；C. threw扔；D. spotted看见，发现。根据下文中的“we picked up the balloon”可知，女儿在空地上发现了一只泄了气的气球。故选D。
【20题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最近读到了关于动物如何将气球误认为食物的文章。A. break（使）破，裂；B. exchange交换；C. replace替代；D. mistake误会，看错。根据空前的“animals can”、空后的“balloons for food”并结合常识可知，一些动物会把气球这样的垃圾错当成食物。mistake...for...意为“把……错当成……”。故选D。
【21题】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“停下，”Kai说，我把车停了下来。A. set off出发；B. turned down拒绝；C. pulled over向路边停靠；D. called off取消。根据句中“Stop”可知，女儿让作者停车，于是作者把车停了下来。故选C。
【22题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：装满两个袋子后，我们这一天就停下来。A. filled（使）充满，装满；B. found发现；C. carried携带，运送；D. emptied腾空。根据上文中的“Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles.(每周五，我们都会捡啤酒罐、纸箱、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料容器和塑料水瓶。)”和下文中的“The next week, we cleaned the same 30 feet and returned home”可知，作者和女儿每周五都会捡垃圾，捡够两袋就停下工作去回家。故选A。
【23题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们又打扫了同样的30英尺，又热又累地回到了家。A. thrilled兴奋的；B. relaxed放松的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. disappointed失望的。根据空前的“hot and”并结合常识可知，作者和女儿在地上捡垃圾，这种体力活让人又热又累。故选C。
【24题】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的手臂被刷子划伤了，似乎我们永远也无法超过那些往车窗外扔垃圾的人。A. get ahead of走在（某人的）前面；B. catch up with赶上，追上；C. get hold of抓住；D. put up with容忍。根据空后的“those who threw trash out of car windows”可知，作者觉得自己和女儿捡垃圾的速度永远超过那些扔垃圾的人。故选A。
【25题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在脸书上发布Kai计划的照片时，朋友们称赞了她的努力。A. works作品；B. efforts努力；C. bravery勇气；D. generosity慷慨。根据上文中的“Our project began when Kai ___3___a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field.”和“Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles.(每周五，我们都会捡啤酒罐、纸箱、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料容器和塑料水瓶。)”可知，女儿开始了捡垃圾的清理计划，并且每周五都和作者一起捡垃圾，可推知，这种努力的行为获得了作者朋友们的称赞。故选B。
【26题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们和我一样，钦佩她创造更美好世界的决心。A. joined加入；B. criticized批评；C. rewarded奖赏；D. admired钦佩，赞赏。根据上文中的“friends praised her ___9___”可知，女儿的环保行为获得了作者朋友们的称赞，他们钦佩女儿的创造更美好世界的决心。故选D。
【27题】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我只是觉得有些近乎恼怒。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead反而；C. However然而；D. Moreover此外。根据上文“When I posted photos of Kai’s project on Facebook, friends praised her ___9___. And they—like me—___10___her determination to create a better world.”和空后“I just felt something close to irritation (愤怒)”可知，虽然女儿的行为获得了大家的称赞和钦佩，但作者越来越感到愤怒，前后之间是转折关系，应用However。故选C。
【28题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当疫情爆发时，我暂停了我们的清理计划，我们还没有重新开始。A. abandoned抛弃；B. suspended暂停，中止；C. promoted提升；D. delayed延期。根据“the pandemic hit”和“we haven’t restarted it”可知，在疫情爆发的时候，作者暂停了清理计划。故选B。
【29题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她仍然对环境充满热情，希望有一天能成为一名海洋生物学家，研究鲨鱼。A. concerned担心的，关注的；B. practical实际的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. passionate热情的。因为后文说“hopes to become a marine biologist one day，”可知，此处表示她对生态环境仍然热爱。be passionate about...对……有热情。故选D。
【30题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她有很多年的时间来决定，在这些年里，成年人有望认真对待解决塑料污染问题。A. wait等待；B. adapt（使）适应；C. decide决定；D. expect期待。根据上文中的“hopes to become a marine biologist one day”可知，女儿希望以后能够成为一名海洋生物学家，但作者觉得女儿还有很多时间来决定自己未来的发展方向。故选C。
【31题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不应该给孩子们留下一个削弱的星球，并期望他们拯救它。A. save拯救；B. enjoy享受；C. accept接受；D. control控制。根据上文中的“Why are we making kids clean up our mess (我们为什么要让孩子们收拾我们的烂摊子？)”可知，作者不希望让后代来收拾现在人类造成的烂摊子，由此可知，这里是说我们不应该指望孩子们以后来拯救被我们毁坏的地球。故选A。
【答案】32. is guaranteed
33. have topped##have been topping
34. what 35. and
36. primarily
37. against
38. asked 39. Concerning
40. exposure
41. Otherwise
【32题】
考查时态和语态。句意：如果在5分制中得到4.8分或以上，那么这家餐厅肯定是一个不错的选择；但如果是4或更少，这几乎总是意味着这家餐厅太糟糕了，你可能会受到影响。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the restaurant”，单数，和动词“guarantee”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is guaranteed。
【33题】
考查时态。句意：在过去的几个月里，诸如“评分低的餐厅可能味道更好”之类的话题已经成为搜索关键词的榜首。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the past months”可知，本句时态为现在完成时或现在完成进行时；主语为“topics”，复数，谓语动词用have。故填have topped或have been topping。
【34题】
考查主语从句。句意：但对每个人来说最重要的是评估的真实性。这里为主语从句的引导词，主语从句缺少主语，表示“物”，用连接词“what”。故填what。
【35题】
考查连词。句意：我们有必要分析导致现状的原因，并反思提高可信度和消费者体验的措施。空前“analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation”和空后“reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences”之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
【36题】
考查副词。句意：一方面，相当多的商家主要依靠高分来吸引消费者，他们通过购买正面评论来操纵评级来增加流量。此处修饰动词短语“rely on”，应用副词形式，作状语。故填primarily。
【37题】
考查介词。句意：另一方面，一些消费者可能会违背他们的初衷，给高分，因为当他们被要求提交评论时，他们会得到免费的菜肴或折扣。根据句意可知，此处使用固定短语go against，意为“违背……”。故填against。
【38题】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：另一方面，一些消费者可能会违背他们的初衷，给高分，因为当他们被要求提交评论时，他们会得到免费的菜肴或折扣。这里为状语从句的省略，状语从句的完整形式为“when they are asked to submit comments”，动词“ask”和主语“they”之间为被动关系，可将they are省略。故填asked。
【39题】
考查介词。句意：考虑到这些现象，平台必须为那些需要更多曝光率来展示自己并获得应得回报的优质玩家开发更丰富的方式。分析句子成分以及句意可知，空处为介词，意为“考虑到……”，用concerning；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Concerning。
【40题】
考查名词。句意：考虑到这些现象，平台必须为那些需要更多曝光率来展示自己并获得应得回报的优质玩家开发更丰富的方式。此处作宾语，应用名词exposure，不可数。故填exposure。
【41题】
考查副词。句意：否则，用户最终会放弃平台，让那些狡猾的玩家去玩他们的营销游戏。根据句意可知，空处意为“否则、要不然”，担当状语，用副词otherwise；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Otherwise。
（二）单句填空（共 15 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
42. ________ (employ) in dealing with professional matters, he paid no attention to the outside world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Employed
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于忙于处理专业事务，他没有注意外界。“_____ in dealing with professional matters”在句中作原因状语，employ是非谓语动词，且常用被动语态形式be employed in表示主动的意思“忙于，从事”，所以用过去分词employed与其逻辑主语he构成被动关系，作原因状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Employed。
43. It was when he was engaged in the Plaza of Broken Moon that the disaster ________ (strike). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】struck
考查动词时态。句意：当他正在断月广场时，灾难降临了。本句是“it was+强调部分+that+剩余部分”的强调句型，strike作主句谓语，根据前文was可知，用一般过去时。故填struck。
44. From his perspective, decision makers lack the cognitive capacity and the ________ (全面的，综合的) information that would enable them to calculate rationally. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】comprehensive
考查形容词。句意：在他看来，决策者缺乏认知能力和全面的信息，使他们能够理性地进行计算。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给中文提示词，应是comprehensive意为“全面的，综合的”。故填comprehensive。
45. Frankly, it’s difficult to put an accurate ________ (interpret) on the survey result. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】interpretation
考查名词。句意：坦率地说，很难对调查结果作出准确的解释。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interpret的名词形式是interpretation，根据an可知用单数形式。故填interpretation。
46. Even as a young man, he ________ (perceive) as a future chief executive since last year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been perceived
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从去年开始，即使他还是个年轻人，他就被认为是未来的首席执行官。perceive(认为)是谓语动词，与主语he之间是被动关系，结合时间状语since last year可知，描述从过去持续到现在的行为，应用现在完成时态，又因主语是he第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式。故填has been perceived。
47. The ________ (contradict) demands of justifying and criticizing national prejudice can be seen in the everyday discourse of racism. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contradictory
考查形容词。句意：在日常的种族主义话语中，可以看到为民族偏见辩护和批判民族偏见这两种相互矛盾的要求。句中需要形容词形式作定语，修饰名词demands，因此使用contradict的形容词形式contradictory，意为“矛盾的”。故填contradictory。
48. Changes that took place during the c________ (关键的) period at the end of the war were of great significance. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】critical
考查形容词。句意：战争结束时的那个关键时期所发生的变化意义重大。根据定冠词the及名词period可知，此处应用形容词critical修饰名词period，作定语，故填critical。
49. The public has reacted in this way because they felt a great relief that the oppressive and unpopular regime ________ (overthrow). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had been overthrown
考查动词时态语态。句意：公众之所以做出这样的反应，是因为他们感到了极大的宽慰，因为压迫和不受欢迎的政权被推翻了。overthrow在句中作谓语，和主语regime之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据句意，描述的是过去的过去发生的事，用过去完成时。故填had been overthrown。
50. They were relevant, exciting and highly ________ (ambition) in the knowledge and skills they demanded of teachers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ambitious
考查形容词。句意：在要求教师具备的知识和技能方面，它们既相关又激动人心且非常有雄心。根据并列连词and，形容词relevant，exciting 以及副词 highly可知，此处缺少形容词作表语，ambition形容词为ambitious，故填ambitious。
51. Simply put, what the expert said adds new ________ (维度) to my life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】dimension
考查名词。句意：简单来说，专家的话为我的生活增添了新的维度。“维度”对应的英文单词是dimension。由前面的new可知，此处需填入单数形式的名词作宾语，故填dimension。
52. The signal was ________ (detect) on the top of the mountain, making the researchers trapped in an embarrassing situation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】undetectable
考查形容词。句意：在山顶上信号是无法探测的，使得研究人员陷入了令人尴尬的境地。所给词“detect”是动词，根据“在山顶上”可知，空处应填入表示“无法探测的、探测不到的”含义的形容词作表语。故填undetectable。
53. It ________ (claim) that a major breakthrough has been made in the fight against cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is claimed
考查时态语态。句意：据说在与癌症的斗争中取得了重大突破。此处是固定搭配：it is claimed that意为“据称”，that引导主语从句，it作形式主语。故填is claimed。
54. With many browsers and server programs available, Netscape will lose its ________ (dominate) position in the business. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】dominant
考查形容词。句意：由于有许多浏览器和服务器程序可用，Netscape 将失去其在业务中的主导地位。根据句中its可知，空处修饰名词position，因此需用形容词形式作定语。dominate 是动词，其形容词形式为dominant，意为“主导的”，故填dominant。
55. What the security officials said in the conference ________ (contradict) what they did. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contradicted
考查动词时态。句意：安全官员在会议上所说的与他们所做的相矛盾。本句是what引导的主语从句和宾语从句，contradict作主句谓语，根据said和did可知，用一般过去时。故填contradicted。
56. She ________ (reward) for her efforts with a cash bonus early this year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was rewarded
考察时态语态。句意：因为她的努力在今年年初她被奖励了现金。reward sb for sth含义为：因为……奖赏某人，所给词reward为句子谓语，根据“early this year”可知，动作发生在过去，为一般过去时，句子主语“She”与动词“reward”构成被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was rewarded。
（三）短语填空（共 5 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分）
短语填空
in one’s own right; go about; be down to; all walks of life; speak volumes about; dig up; on exhibition; as opposed to;
57. Much to his relief, the evidence the police have collected ________ his innocence.
58. In short, his success ________ his determination and persistence.
59. Tell us when and why you started your business and how you ________ setting it up.
60. He proved to be an outstanding leader ________ by working hard.
61. The result was rather unsatisfactory, ________ what we had expected.
【答案】57. speaks volumes about
58. is down to
59. went about
60. in his own right
61. as opposed to
【57题】
考查动词短语。句意：令他宽慰的是，警方收集到的证据充分证明了他的清白。本句是省略that的定语从句，主句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是speak volumes about意为“清楚表明”符合语境，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the evidence为第三人称单数。故填speaks volumes about。
【58题】
考查动词短语。句意：简而言之，他的成功是由于他的决心和坚持。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是be down to意为“可归因于”符合语境，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故填is down to。
【59题】
考查动词短语。句意：告诉我们你是什么时候开始创业的，为什么开始创业，以及你是如何开始创业的。本句是how引导的宾语从句，从句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是go about意为“着手干”符合语境，根据前文的started可知用一般过去时。故填went about。
【60题】
考查介词短语。句意：通过努力工作，他证明了自己是一位杰出的领导者。根据句意，此处应是in one’s own right意为“凭自己的能力”作状语。符合语境。故填in his own right。
【61题】
考查介词短语。句意：结果很不令人满意，与我们所期望的相反。根据句意，此处应是as opposed to意为“而不是”符合语境。故填as opposed to。
【作文答案】Dear Jack,
I’m writing to share with you a competition I participated in last Wednesday. So exciting was it that I can’t wait to tell you more details about it.
The poem I chose is a famous one called “Quiet Night Thought” written by Li Bai, which describes the poet’s deep homesickness when he saw the moon at night. I was deeply impressed by its beautiful imagery and profound emotions. It was such an honor that I won the first prize in the competition.
This activity has not only enriched my knowledge of ancient Chinese poetry but also strengthened my appreciation for our cultural heritage. I sincerely hope you can join us next time if you have opportunity.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua.
【读后续写答案】One possible version:
Hearing her invitation, I was filled with mixed feelings. On the one hand, I felt good that I was the only fan who got the opportunity. I admired Jennifer Capriati very much and was eager to stay with her a little longer. On the other hand, I was scared of riding a roller coaster. However, I must take the chance and it didn’t take much time to make my decision. I nodded and went to the roller coaster with her.
My friend came up and asked, “ Are you sure you will take a roller coaster ” “Yes,” I answered. “This is the only chance for me to ride a roller coaster with my heroine.” My friend was surprised; she had spent years trying to persuade me to do that. Fears of heights and moving too fast seemed unimportant now. Although I screamed during the entire time like a girl being chased by an axe killer, I finally survived. That chance of meeting with Jennifer Capriati helped me overcome my fear. And since then, I have lived in a world where I am a bit braver.
第一部分 听力
略
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
The Mona Lisa is the famous Leonardo da Vinci painting of a woman with a mysterious smile. This week, the woman parted her lips to whisper an ancient secret.
Scientists using X-rays to examine the chemical structure of a small part of the painting discovered a technique Leonardo used in the work. An oil paint used for it was a special, new chemical mixture, which suggests that the Italian artist was in an experimental mood when he worked on the painting in the 16th century.
“He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically,” said Victor Gonzalez, a chemist who has studied the chemical element of several works by Leonardo and other artists. The researchers found a rare lead compound (铅化合物)—plumbonacrite, in Leonardo’s first layer of paint. The discovery proved that da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint. The paint in the study is about the thickness of a human hair, lying in the top right area of the painting.
The scientists looked into its atomic (原子的) structure using X-rays, moving particles at the speed of light, permitting researchers to look deeper into the paint structure. “Plumbonacrite is really a fingerprint of his recipe, as it’s the first time we can chemically confirm it,” Gonzalez said.
Rembrandt, the Dutch master, may have employed a similar blend in his 17th-century paintings. Gonzalez and fellow researchers have also detected plumbonacrite in his art. It’s believed that Leonardo used lead oxide powder, which has an orange color, to thicken his oil paint and speed up drying. “What you will get is an oil that has a very nice golden color,” Gonzalez said. “It flows more like honey.”
But the Mona Lisa---said by the Louvre to be a portrait (肖像) of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a Florentine silk businessman—There’s more to her gaze than meets the eye. “What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge,” Gonzalez said.
1. What technique did da Vinci potentially use in the Mona Lisa
A The employment of tailored X-rays. B. The application of a rare lead compound.
C. A special mixture of oil paints. D. The universal use of atomic structures.
2. What does the use of plumbonacrite suggest about Leonardo’s painting approach
A. Willingness to experiment. B. Giving priority to conventions.
C. Technically identical output. D. Concentration on paint drying.
3. What can we infer about the Mona Lisa from the last paragraph
A. It still holds secrets yet to be uncovered. B. It echoes the realities of the worldly life.
C. It’s a perfect combination of old and new. D. It serves as the key to understanding Leonardo.
B
The expression “Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration (汗水)” is often attributed to Thomas Edison. But as we have progressed into the 21st century, I think we should update the saying: “Success is 1% inspiration and 99% preparation.”
Indeed, ideas are shooting around faster than ever, but most are worthless because no one does the hard work to implement them. And as we’re in a service economy now, implementation requires hours and hours not of sweat but of preparation. You must do it all: reading, researching, falling into one rabbit hole after another on the Internet to find the right series of test cases and quotes to make your point, and presenting your idea briefly and clearly.
Preparation is everything! Watch the amazing 2021 video of the Perseverance rover landing on the surface of Mars. The onboard camera shows the terrain (地形). After the landing, I’m pretty sure one of the scientists exclaims, “Hey, that’s my rock.” In mission preparation, the entire landing area was digitized. The planners knew the placement of every rock and dip in terrain.
Churchill famously memorized his speeches and practiced giving them over and over in his bathtub. Some of this was to overcome his stutter (口吃), but it was mainly to get the tone just right. Nothing was off-the-cuff (即兴的). His speeches didn’t sound like they were read from a piece of paper; they felt stream of consciousness. In his finest hours he showed the value of preparation.
But, you may ask, why put in any extra effort ChatGPT can pass Advanced Placement tests, entry exams for law and medical school, and even the bar exam. That probably says more about how poor those tests are than about AI’s ability. But even though AI can answer almost any question you throw at it, it is worthless in an elevator when your boss asks you what you think about new product ideas or sales prospects in Omaha.
The only answer comes from that 99% preparation. Study everything, not only the task you’ve been assigned. Dig e up with ideas and potential solutions. Work on an elevator speech for what excites you. Don’t wing it. Prepare. And trust me, the feeling you get from preparation-induced success is better than anything you can buy at a drugstore. Preparation will make you super great.
4. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. The service economy makes ideas worthless.
B. Ideas are worthless without preparation and hard work.
C. Implementation does not take much time these days.
D. Implementation requires more inspiration than preparation.
5. How does the author try to persuade readers to accept his argument
A. By providing research results. B. By sharing his experience.
C. By listing examples. D. By referring to experts' words.
6. What point is the author trying to make by mentioning ChatGPT
A. ChatGPT is capable of passing various tests.
B. Elevator conversations require high social skills.
C. Standard tests do not fully represent one’s abilities.
D. Preparation can help you perform better than Al.
7. What does the text mainly talk about
A. How we should make preparation for our future.
B. How we can achieve success wth little sweat.
C. Why preparation can pave the way to your success.
D. Why perspiration still maters in the 21st century.
C
Millions of migratory (迁徙) birds occupy seasonally favorable breeding grounds in the Arelie, but scientists know little about the formation, maintenance and future of the migration routes of Arctic birds and the genetic determinants of migratory distance. In a new study, a multinational team of researchers under the leadership of Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences integrated two state- of- the- art techniques — satellite tracking and whole genome sequencing (基因组测序) — and established a continental-scale migration system of peregrine falcons (游隼) in Eurasian Arctic.
The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcons from six Eurasian Arctic breeding populations and sequenced 35 genomes from four of these populations to study the migration of this species. They found that the birds used five migration routes across Eurasia, probably established between the last Ice Age 22,000 years ago and the middle-Holocene 6,000 years ago. “Peregrine falcons initiated their autumn migration mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in October,” said Professor Mike Bruford, an ecologist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcons that depart from different breeding grounds use different routes, and winter at widely distributed sites across four distinct regions. Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal (扩散). ”
The researchers quantified the migration strategies and found that migration distance is the most significant differentiation. They used whole genome sequencing and found a gene — ADCY8, which is known to be involved in long-term memory in other animals in previous research — associated with differences in migratory distance. They found ADCY8 had a variant (变体) at high frequency in long- distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long- term memory thought to be essential for long- distance migration.
“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration — but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified,” Professor Bruford said. The researchers further looked at models of likely future migration behavior to predict the impact of global warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine populations in western Eurasia have the highest probability of population decline and may stop migrating altogether.
“Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world”
8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Five birds’ migration routes were built 22, 000 years ago.
B. Peregrine falcons stick to the areas where they winter.
C. Peregrine falcons leave for Arctic regions in September.
D. Two novel research methods of migration were invented.
9. What can we infer about ADCY8
A. It is a newly-discovered gene in the new study.
B. It serves as a fundamental part of long- distance migration.
C. It could be strengthened by the power of long- term memory.
D. It turned out to be more favored by birds than the other animals.
10. What is special about the new study
A. It has discovered a new genomic region of birds.
B It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms.
C. It analyses the reasons for the decrease of peregrine falcons.
D. It encourages attention to environmental effects on migratory birds.
11. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Researchers Help Conserve Migratory Species
B. Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds
C. How Long-term Memory Helps Long- distance Migration
D. How Ecological Factors Affect Birds’ Migratory Distances
第二节（共 5 题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It has been a few rough years. Many of us are finding ourselves exhausted, burned out, struggling to build balance back into our lives. We need to recharge. Water can help.
Participating in water activities such as swimming or surfing can help us enter a “flow state”. ___12___ It calms the mind, which is often absorbed by reasoning and worry, says Ricardo Gil-da-Costa, a neuroscientist and chief executive of the neurotechnology company Neuroverse, who has studied how water affects our brain.
Bodies of water also can produce a glorious sense of awe—the emotional response to something vast that expands and challenges how we see the world. ___13___ Water naturally relaxes us and helps focus our thoughts by taking away all the noise.
Water has special properties that may boost nature’s positive impact, environmental psychologists say. When we are near water, there is often less visual and auditory information to process. Our mind can rest. ___14___ Besides, its smell can stir (激发) up positive memories and associations. When we’re floating in water, our bodies can rest too, in a way we never can on land.
___15___ It moves rhythmically, producing a play of light, color and sound that is fascinating. It holds our attention, but not in an overly demanding way. ___16___ It gives our brains a break from the intense, focused, exhausting attention that much of daily life requires. “Water helps your mind wander in a positive way,” says Mare Berman, director of the Environmental Neuroscience Laboratory at the University of Chicago. “This is what is so restorative.”
A. Most important: Water is dynamic.
B. Researchers call this soft fascination.
C. One of the most calming properties of water is its sound.
D It means we become fully devoted to what we’re doing.
E. The sound of water, typically steady and soft, comforts us.
F. Here’s some advice on how to use the healing power of water.
G. Awe can decrease stress and help us put things into perspective.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 5-year-old daughter Kai walked around a bus stop in Finland, picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and putting them in the waste bin. We were visiting family, and here she was, ___17___ the sidewalk.
It didn’t ___18___ me that she would do that. Our project began when Kai ___19___ a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field. We had recently read about how animals can ___20___ balloons for food. “Stop,” Kai said, and I ___21___. As we picked up the balloon, we could see the whole field was covered in trash. “Can we clean it ” Kai asked.
Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles. After we ___22___ two bags, we stopped for the day. The next week, we cleaned the same 30 feet and returned home, hot and ___23___. Our arms were scratched from brush, and it seemed we would never ___24___ those who threw trash out of car windows. When I posted photos of Kai’s project on Facebook, friends praised her ___25___. And they—like me—____26____ her determination to create a better world. ____27____, I just felt something close to irritation (愤怒). Why are we making kids clean up our mess
So when the pandemic hit, I ____28____ our cleanup project, and we haven’t restarted it. Kai is now in third grade, and on Fridays, she’s usually biking with friends after school. She’s still ____29____ about the environment and hopes to become a marine biologist one day and study sharks. She has many years to ____30____, years in which adults will hopefully get serious about solving plastic pollution. We shouldn’t leave children with a diminished planet and expect them to ____31____ it.
17. A. watching B. cleaning C. decorating D. measuring
18. A. surprise B. upset C. please D. embarrass
19. A. left B. caught C. threw D. spotted
20. A. break B. exchange C. replace D. mistake
21. A. set off B. turned down C. pulled over D. called off
22. A. filled B. found C. carried D. emptied
23. A. thrilled B. relaxed C. exhausted D. disappointed
24. A. get ahead of B. catch up with C. get hold of D. put up with
25. A. works B. efforts C. bravery D. generosity
26. A. joined B. criticized C. rewarded D. admired
27. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Moreover
28. A. abandoned B. suspended C. promoted D. delayed
29. A. concerned B. practical C. optimistic D. passionate
30. A. wait B. adapt C. decide D. expect
31. A. save B. enjoy C. accept D. control
第二节
(一)语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays, we are used to opening an app to skim public review s for reference before going to a restaurant. If it has a score of 4.8 or above on a 5-point scale, the restaurant ____32____ (guarantee) to be a good choice; but if it is a 4 or even less, it almost always means the restaurant is so terrible that you are likely to suffer.
In the past months, topics such as “Restaurants with low ratings may taste better” ____33____ (top) the list of search terms. But ____34____ is essential for everyone is the authenticity of the evaluation. We need to analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation ____35____ reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences.
For one thing quite a few business runners rely so ____36____ (primary) on good scores to attract consumers that they manipulate (操纵) ratings by buying positive review s to increase traffic. For another, some consumers may go ____37____ their original intention and give high scores because they receive free dishes or discounts when ____38____ (ask) to submit comments.
____39____ (concern) these phenomena, platforms must develop richer ways for quality players who need more ____40____ (expose) to display themselves and earn what they deserve. Meanwhile, the rating mechanism should include regular monitoring, strict examination and punitive (惩罚性的) measures to create a health y competitive atmosphere. ____41____, users will eventually abandon platforms, leaving those tricky players to their marketing game.
（二）单句填空（共 15 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
42. ________ (employ) in dealing with professional matters, he paid no attention to the outside world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43. It was when he was engaged in the Plaza of Broken Moon that the disaster ________ (strike). (所给词的适当形式填空)
44. From his perspective, decision makers lack the cognitive capacity and the ________ (全面的，综合的) information that would enable them to calculate rationally. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
45. Frankly, it’s difficult to put an accurate ________ (interpret) on the survey result. (所给词的适当形式填空)
46. Even as a young man, he ________ (perceive) as a future chief executive since last year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. The ________ (contradict) demands of justifying and criticizing national prejudice can be seen in the everyday discourse of racism. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. Changes that took place during the c________ (关键的) period at the end of the war were of great significance. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49. The public has reacted in this way because they felt a great relief that the oppressive and unpopular regime ________ (overthrow). (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. They were relevant, exciting and highly ________ (ambition) in the knowledge and skills they demanded of teachers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. Simply put, what the expert said adds new ________ (维度) to my life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52. The signal was ________ (detect) on the top of the mountain, making the researchers trapped in an embarrassing situation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. It ________ (claim) that a major breakthrough has been made in the fight against cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. With many browsers and server programs available, Netscape will lose its ________ (dominate) position in the business. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. What the security officials said in the conference ________ (contradict) what they did. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. She ________ (reward) for her efforts with a cash bonus early this year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
（三）短语填空（共 5 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分）
短语填空
in one’s own right; go about; be down to; all walks of life; speak volumes about; dig up; on exhibition; as opposed to;
57. Much to his relief, the evidence the police have collected ________ his innocence.
58. In short, his success ________ his determination and persistence.
59. Tell us when and why you started your business and how you ________ setting it up.
60. He proved to be an outstanding leader ________ by working hard.
61. The result was rather unsatisfactory, ________ what we had expected.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
62. 假如你是李华，上周三在学校举办的My Favorite Poem in Ancient China主题征文比赛中荣获一等奖，请给你的英国朋友Jack写一封邮件分享这次活动经历，内容包括：
1. 征文的主要内容；
2. 你的感想。
注意：写作词数为 80 词左右。
Dear Jack,
I'm writing to share with you a competition I participated in last Wednesday.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
63. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Anyone going to an amusement park might have seen the likes of me. I held purses, cellphones and sunglasses while others threw themselves on roller coasters. I admit their bravery, but refuse to challenge my own limitations.
One day when we were at the Wonderland Amusement Park in Toronto. My friends tried to get me to ride a roller coaster. But the click, click, click of the cars climbing up the tracks made me fear. The stop at the top, before falling with peoples screams, seemed terrible.
My friends were still trying to persuade me, and I was still saying no, when I suddenly saw a familiar face, one I had never seen outside a television set. It was Jennifer Capriati, a popular tennis star at the top of her game, already winning titles at the age of fourteen. She was my heroine. I pulled out a pen and the only paper that I could find and walked to her.
She was weaving her way through a rope that led to a ride called the Jet Scream. I was running quickly because I didn’t want to pass up the chance to meet her face to face, but I was also a bit nervous. So I waited at the exit to calm down and get closer to her as she came off the ride.
Several minutes later, she got out from the exit, laughing and talking with her brother. I focused on her walking toward me. I looked down at the ground. She walked past. It was more difficult to talk to a star than I thought, but I had to take the chance. I called her name, not very confidently, but more like a question, “Jennifer ” She turned around. Her eyes met mine. Our eyes actually met “Would you mind signing for me ” I asked, handing the pen and paper toward her. Her hand wrote over the paper and said, “You are the first person who has recognized me in the park so let’s take a roller coaster together.”
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing her invitation, I was filled with mixed feelings.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My friend came up and asked, “Are you sure you will take a roller coaster ”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案版
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A
【1题】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The researchers found a rare lead compound (铅化合物)—plumbonacrite, in Leonardo’s first layer of paint. The discovery proved that da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint. (研究人员在列奥纳多画作的第一层中发现了一种罕见的铅化合物——白铅矿。这一发现证明达·芬奇极有可能使用氧化铅来使颜料变稠并帮助颜料干燥。)”可知，达·芬奇在《蒙娜丽莎》中可能使用了一种罕见的铅化合物。故选B项
【2题】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“ ‘He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically,’ said Victor Gonzalez, a chemist who has studied the chemical element of several works by Leonardo and other artists. (“他喜欢尝试，并且他的每一幅画在技术上都完全不同。”研究过列奥纳多和其他艺术家的几部作品的化学成分的化学家维克多·冈萨雷斯说道。)”可知，达·芬奇喜欢实验，故选A项。
【3题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ ‘What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge,’ Gonzalez said. (“我们所说的只是知识大厦中的一块小砖头，”冈萨雷斯说。)”可推知，《蒙娜丽莎》仍然有待揭示的秘密。故选A。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C
【4题】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Indeed, ideas are shooting around faster than ever, but most are worthless because no one does the hard work to implement them. And as we’re in a service economy now, implementation requires hours and hours not of sweat but of preparation. You must do it all: reading, researching, falling into one rabbit hole after another on the Internet to find the right series of test cases and quotes to make your point, and presenting your idea briefly and clearly.(确实，如今想法的传播速度比以往任何时候都要快，但大多数想法都毫无价值，因为没有人愿意下苦功去实现它们。而且，由于我们现在处于服务经济时代，实现想法需要的不是数小时的汗水，而是数小时的准备。你必须做所有的事情：阅读、研究，在互联网上一个接一个地陷入“兔子洞”，以找到恰当的测试用例和引用来支持你的观点，并且简洁明了地阐述你的想法)”可推知，没有准备和努力的想法是无价值的。故选B项。
【5题】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Watch the amazing 2021 video of the Perseverance rover landing on the surface of Mars.(观看2021年毅力号火星车在火星表面着陆的精彩视频)”和第三段中的“In mission preparation, the entire landing area was digitized. The planners knew the placement of every rock and dip in terrain.(在任务准备过程中，整个着陆区都被数字化了。规划者知道每一块岩石的位置和地形的倾角)”以及第四段中的“Churchill famously memorized his speeches and practiced giving them over and over in his bathtub. Some of this was to overcome his stutter (口吃), but it was mainly to get the tone just right. Nothing was off-the-cuff (即兴的).(丘吉尔以熟记演讲而闻名，并在浴缸里反复练习演讲。其中一些是为了克服他的口吃，但主要是为了让语气恰到好处。没有什么是即兴的)”可推知，作者在文章中通过列举多个例子来支持他的观点，如Perseverance火星探测器着陆前的详尽准备，以及丘吉尔对演讲的精心准备等。故选C项。
【6题】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“But, you may ask, why put in any extra effort ChatGPT can pass Advanced Placement tests, entry exams for law and medical school, and even the bar exam. That probably says more about how poor those tests are than about AI’s ability. But even though AI can answer almost any question you throw at it, it is worthless in an elevator when your boss asks you what you think about new product ideas or sales prospects in Omaha.(但是，你可能会问，为什么要付出额外的努力呢？ChatGPT可以通过大学先修课程考试，法学院和医学院的入学考试，甚至律师考试。这可能更多地说明了这些测试有多糟糕，而不是人工智能的能力。但是，尽管人工智能几乎可以回答你提出的任何问题，但当你的老板在电梯里问你对奥马哈的新产品创意或销售前景的看法时，它却毫无价值)”可知，在实际的工作场景中，如电梯里老板询问你对新产品想法或销售前景的看法时，AI是无能为力的。这实际上是在突出准备和人的能力的重要性，即准备可以让你在需要时表现得比AI更好。故选D项。
【7题】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“But as we have progressed into the 21st century, I think we should update the saying: “Success is 1% inspiration and 99% preparation.”(但随着我们进入21世纪，我认为我们应该更新这句话：“成功是1%的灵感和99%的准备。”)”以及最后一段中的“The only answer comes from that 99% preparation.(唯一的答案来自99%的准备)”和“Preparation will make you super great.(准备会让你变得超级棒)”可知，作者认为成功不仅仅是靠灵感，更重要的是准备，整篇文章主要围绕“准备”这一主题展开，通过多个例子和论述来强调准备对于成功的重要性。故选C项。
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. B
【8题】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal(扩散).(追踪超过一年的单个鸟类在迁徙过程中表现出很强的路径重复性，对越冬地点完全忠诚，并限制繁殖扩散。)”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一。故选B。
【9题】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They found ADCY8 had a variant(变体) at high frequency in long- distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long- term memory thought to be essential for long- distance migration.(他们发现ADCY8在长途迁徙的游隼种群中有一种高频率的变异，这表明这种变异被有利地选择了，因为它可能增加长期记忆的能力，这被认为是长途迁徙的必要条件。)”可推断，ADCY8是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素。故选B。
【10题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world””(詹湘江博士说:“我们的工作是第一次开始了解生态因素可能在候鸟中相互作用的方式。”“我们希望它能成为保护世界迁徙物种的基石。”)”可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点。故选D。
【11题】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration-but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified(以前的研究已经确定了几个可能调控迁移的候选基因组区域，但我们的工作是迄今为止与迁移行为相关的特定基因的最有力的证明。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因。所以“Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds(生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
【答案】12. D 13. G 14. E 15. A 16. B
【12题】
根据上文“Participating in water activities such as swimming or surfing can help us enter a “flow state”.(参加游泳或冲浪等水上活动可以帮助我们进入“心流状态”)”提到生僻概念“flow state”，此句应适当解释，而下文“It calms the mind, which is often absorbed by reasoning and worry, says Ricardo Gil-da-Costa, a neuroscientist and chief executive of the neurotechnology company Neuroverse, who has studied how water affects our brain.(神经科学家、神经技术公司Neuroverse的首席执行官Ricardo Gil-da-Costa研究了水如何影响我们的大脑，他说，水能使大脑平静下来，因为大脑经常被推理和担忧所吸引)”阐释此状态的效果。D选项“这意味着我们完全投入到我们正在做的事情中”衔接顺畅，故选D。
【13题】
根据上文“Bodies of water also can produce a glorious sense of awe—the emotional response to something vast that expands and challenges how we see the world.(水体也能产生一种光荣的敬畏感——一种对扩展和挑战我们看待世界方式的巨大事物的情感反应)”提到“awe”，可知，本句进一步阐释其效应。故G选项“敬畏可以减轻压力，帮助我们正确看待事物”符合语境。故选G。
【14题】
本段前两句“Water has special properties that may boost nature’s positive impact, environmental psychologists say. When we are near water, there is often less visual and auditory information to process.(环境心理学家说，水具有特殊的性质，可以增强大自然的积极影响。当我们靠近水时，需要处理的视觉和听觉信息往往较少)”笼统地提到水有一些特殊属性含有较少视觉和听觉信息。由空前“Our mind can rest(我们的心可以休息)”可知，行文逻辑已经从说明水的特质转变为阐释水对人的影响或效果。此空下文“Besides, its smell can stir (激发) up positive memories and associations.(此外，它的气味还能唤起积极的记忆和联想)”亦是阐释其效果，可知本句是在阐释水声对人的影响或效果。E选项“水的声音，典型的稳定和柔和，安慰我们”符合语境，故选E。
【15题】
由前三段的段首句可知，每段从不同方面解释水具有治愈力的原因，此段也不例外。由下文“It moves rhythmically, producing a play of light, color and sound that is fascinating.(它有节奏地移动，产生一种迷人的光、色和声的游戏)”可知，此段着重于介绍水的动态性，A选项“最重要的是：水是动态的”符合语境。故选A。
【16题】
根据上文“It moves rhythmically, producing a play of light, color and sound that is fascinating. It holds our attention, but not in an overly demanding way.(它有节奏地移动，产生一种迷人的光、色和声的游戏。它吸引了我们的注意力，但不是以一种过分要求的方式)”可知，此处需要从正面来说明水对我们有较为柔和的影响，即“软迷恋”。故B选项“研究人员称之为‘软魅力’”衔接顺畅。故选B。
【答案】17 B 18. A 19. D 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A
【17题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们要去拜访家人，而她正在这里，清理人行道。A. watching看；B. cleaning打扫，清理；C. decorating装饰；D. measuring度量，测量。根据上文中的“picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and putting them in the waste bin”可知，女儿在捡垃圾并扔到垃圾桶，所以她在清理人行道。故选B。
【18题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会那样做，我并不感到惊讶。A. surprise使惊奇，使感到意外；B. upset使烦恼；C. please使满意；D. embarrass使尴尬。根据下文中的“Our project began when Kai ___3___a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field. We had recently read about how animals can ___4___ balloons for food. ”可知，作者和女儿最近读到了关于动物如何将气球误认为食物的文章，在发现一只泄气的气球的时候就开始了清理计划，所以女儿在拜访家人的时候打扫人行道，这对作者来说并不惊讶。故选A。
【19题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Kai在一片空地上发现一个泄了气的气球时，我们的计划就开始了。A. left离开；B. caught截住，拦住；C. threw扔；D. spotted看见，发现。根据下文中的“we picked up the balloon”可知，女儿在空地上发现了一只泄了气的气球。故选D。
【20题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最近读到了关于动物如何将气球误认为食物的文章。A. break（使）破，裂；B. exchange交换；C. replace替代；D. mistake误会，看错。根据空前的“animals can”、空后的“balloons for food”并结合常识可知，一些动物会把气球这样的垃圾错当成食物。mistake...for...意为“把……错当成……”。故选D。
【21题】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“停下，”Kai说，我把车停了下来。A. set off出发；B. turned down拒绝；C. pulled over向路边停靠；D. called off取消。根据句中“Stop”可知，女儿让作者停车，于是作者把车停了下来。故选C。
【22题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：装满两个袋子后，我们这一天就停下来。A. filled（使）充满，装满；B. found发现；C. carried携带，运送；D. emptied腾空。根据上文中的“Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles.(每周五，我们都会捡啤酒罐、纸箱、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料容器和塑料水瓶。)”和下文中的“The next week, we cleaned the same 30 feet and returned home”可知，作者和女儿每周五都会捡垃圾，捡够两袋就停下工作去回家。故选A。
【23题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们又打扫了同样的30英尺，又热又累地回到了家。A. thrilled兴奋的；B. relaxed放松的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. disappointed失望的。根据空前的“hot and”并结合常识可知，作者和女儿在地上捡垃圾，这种体力活让人又热又累。故选C。
【24题】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的手臂被刷子划伤了，似乎我们永远也无法超过那些往车窗外扔垃圾的人。A. get ahead of走在（某人的）前面；B. catch up with赶上，追上；C. get hold of抓住；D. put up with容忍。根据空后的“those who threw trash out of car windows”可知，作者觉得自己和女儿捡垃圾的速度永远超过那些扔垃圾的人。故选A。
【25题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在脸书上发布Kai计划的照片时，朋友们称赞了她的努力。A. works作品；B. efforts努力；C. bravery勇气；D. generosity慷慨。根据上文中的“Our project began when Kai ___3___a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field.”和“Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles.(每周五，我们都会捡啤酒罐、纸箱、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料容器和塑料水瓶。)”可知，女儿开始了捡垃圾的清理计划，并且每周五都和作者一起捡垃圾，可推知，这种努力的行为获得了作者朋友们的称赞。故选B。
【26题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们和我一样，钦佩她创造更美好世界的决心。A. joined加入；B. criticized批评；C. rewarded奖赏；D. admired钦佩，赞赏。根据上文中的“friends praised her ___9___”可知，女儿的环保行为获得了作者朋友们的称赞，他们钦佩女儿的创造更美好世界的决心。故选D。
【27题】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我只是觉得有些近乎恼怒。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead反而；C. However然而；D. Moreover此外。根据上文“When I posted photos of Kai’s project on Facebook, friends praised her ___9___. And they—like me—___10___her determination to create a better world.”和空后“I just felt something close to irritation (愤怒)”可知，虽然女儿的行为获得了大家的称赞和钦佩，但作者越来越感到愤怒，前后之间是转折关系，应用However。故选C。
【28题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当疫情爆发时，我暂停了我们的清理计划，我们还没有重新开始。A. abandoned抛弃；B. suspended暂停，中止；C. promoted提升；D. delayed延期。根据“the pandemic hit”和“we haven’t restarted it”可知，在疫情爆发的时候，作者暂停了清理计划。故选B。
【29题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她仍然对环境充满热情，希望有一天能成为一名海洋生物学家，研究鲨鱼。A. concerned担心的，关注的；B. practical实际的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. passionate热情的。因为后文说“hopes to become a marine biologist one day，”可知，此处表示她对生态环境仍然热爱。be passionate about...对……有热情。故选D。
【30题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她有很多年的时间来决定，在这些年里，成年人有望认真对待解决塑料污染问题。A. wait等待；B. adapt（使）适应；C. decide决定；D. expect期待。根据上文中的“hopes to become a marine biologist one day”可知，女儿希望以后能够成为一名海洋生物学家，但作者觉得女儿还有很多时间来决定自己未来的发展方向。故选C。
【31题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不应该给孩子们留下一个削弱的星球，并期望他们拯救它。A. save拯救；B. enjoy享受；C. accept接受；D. control控制。根据上文中的“Why are we making kids clean up our mess (我们为什么要让孩子们收拾我们的烂摊子？)”可知，作者不希望让后代来收拾现在人类造成的烂摊子，由此可知，这里是说我们不应该指望孩子们以后来拯救被我们毁坏的地球。故选A。
【答案】32. is guaranteed
33. have topped##have been topping
34. what 35. and
36. primarily
37. against
38. asked 39. Concerning
40. exposure
41. Otherwise
【32题】
考查时态和语态。句意：如果在5分制中得到4.8分或以上，那么这家餐厅肯定是一个不错的选择；但如果是4或更少，这几乎总是意味着这家餐厅太糟糕了，你可能会受到影响。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the restaurant”，单数，和动词“guarantee”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is guaranteed。
【33题】
考查时态。句意：在过去的几个月里，诸如“评分低的餐厅可能味道更好”之类的话题已经成为搜索关键词的榜首。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the past months”可知，本句时态为现在完成时或现在完成进行时；主语为“topics”，复数，谓语动词用have。故填have topped或have been topping。
【34题】
考查主语从句。句意：但对每个人来说最重要的是评估的真实性。这里为主语从句的引导词，主语从句缺少主语，表示“物”，用连接词“what”。故填what。
【35题】
考查连词。句意：我们有必要分析导致现状的原因，并反思提高可信度和消费者体验的措施。空前“analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation”和空后“reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences”之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
【36题】
考查副词。句意：一方面，相当多的商家主要依靠高分来吸引消费者，他们通过购买正面评论来操纵评级来增加流量。此处修饰动词短语“rely on”，应用副词形式，作状语。故填primarily。
【37题】
考查介词。句意：另一方面，一些消费者可能会违背他们的初衷，给高分，因为当他们被要求提交评论时，他们会得到免费的菜肴或折扣。根据句意可知，此处使用固定短语go against，意为“违背……”。故填against。
【38题】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：另一方面，一些消费者可能会违背他们的初衷，给高分，因为当他们被要求提交评论时，他们会得到免费的菜肴或折扣。这里为状语从句的省略，状语从句的完整形式为“when they are asked to submit comments”，动词“ask”和主语“they”之间为被动关系，可将they are省略。故填asked。
【39题】
考查介词。句意：考虑到这些现象，平台必须为那些需要更多曝光率来展示自己并获得应得回报的优质玩家开发更丰富的方式。分析句子成分以及句意可知，空处为介词，意为“考虑到……”，用concerning；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Concerning。
【40题】
考查名词。句意：考虑到这些现象，平台必须为那些需要更多曝光率来展示自己并获得应得回报的优质玩家开发更丰富的方式。此处作宾语，应用名词exposure，不可数。故填exposure。
【41题】
考查副词。句意：否则，用户最终会放弃平台，让那些狡猾的玩家去玩他们的营销游戏。根据句意可知，空处意为“否则、要不然”，担当状语，用副词otherwise；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Otherwise。
（二）单句填空（共 15 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
42. ________ (employ) in dealing with professional matters, he paid no attention to the outside world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Employed
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于忙于处理专业事务，他没有注意外界。“_____ in dealing with professional matters”在句中作原因状语，employ是非谓语动词，且常用被动语态形式be employed in表示主动的意思“忙于，从事”，所以用过去分词employed与其逻辑主语he构成被动关系，作原因状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Employed。
43. It was when he was engaged in the Plaza of Broken Moon that the disaster ________ (strike). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】struck
考查动词时态。句意：当他正在断月广场时，灾难降临了。本句是“it was+强调部分+that+剩余部分”的强调句型，strike作主句谓语，根据前文was可知，用一般过去时。故填struck。
44. From his perspective, decision makers lack the cognitive capacity and the ________ (全面的，综合的) information that would enable them to calculate rationally. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】comprehensive
考查形容词。句意：在他看来，决策者缺乏认知能力和全面的信息，使他们能够理性地进行计算。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给中文提示词，应是comprehensive意为“全面的，综合的”。故填comprehensive。
45. Frankly, it’s difficult to put an accurate ________ (interpret) on the survey result. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】interpretation
考查名词。句意：坦率地说，很难对调查结果作出准确的解释。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interpret的名词形式是interpretation，根据an可知用单数形式。故填interpretation。
46. Even as a young man, he ________ (perceive) as a future chief executive since last year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been perceived
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从去年开始，即使他还是个年轻人，他就被认为是未来的首席执行官。perceive(认为)是谓语动词，与主语he之间是被动关系，结合时间状语since last year可知，描述从过去持续到现在的行为，应用现在完成时态，又因主语是he第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式。故填has been perceived。
47. The ________ (contradict) demands of justifying and criticizing national prejudice can be seen in the everyday discourse of racism. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contradictory
考查形容词。句意：在日常的种族主义话语中，可以看到为民族偏见辩护和批判民族偏见这两种相互矛盾的要求。句中需要形容词形式作定语，修饰名词demands，因此使用contradict的形容词形式contradictory，意为“矛盾的”。故填contradictory。
48. Changes that took place during the c________ (关键的) period at the end of the war were of great significance. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】critical
考查形容词。句意：战争结束时的那个关键时期所发生的变化意义重大。根据定冠词the及名词period可知，此处应用形容词critical修饰名词period，作定语，故填critical。
49. The public has reacted in this way because they felt a great relief that the oppressive and unpopular regime ________ (overthrow). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had been overthrown
考查动词时态语态。句意：公众之所以做出这样的反应，是因为他们感到了极大的宽慰，因为压迫和不受欢迎的政权被推翻了。overthrow在句中作谓语，和主语regime之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据句意，描述的是过去的过去发生的事，用过去完成时。故填had been overthrown。
50. They were relevant, exciting and highly ________ (ambition) in the knowledge and skills they demanded of teachers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ambitious
考查形容词。句意：在要求教师具备的知识和技能方面，它们既相关又激动人心且非常有雄心。根据并列连词and，形容词relevant，exciting 以及副词 highly可知，此处缺少形容词作表语，ambition形容词为ambitious，故填ambitious。
51. Simply put, what the expert said adds new ________ (维度) to my life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】dimension
考查名词。句意：简单来说，专家的话为我的生活增添了新的维度。“维度”对应的英文单词是dimension。由前面的new可知，此处需填入单数形式的名词作宾语，故填dimension。
52. The signal was ________ (detect) on the top of the mountain, making the researchers trapped in an embarrassing situation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】undetectable
考查形容词。句意：在山顶上信号是无法探测的，使得研究人员陷入了令人尴尬的境地。所给词“detect”是动词，根据“在山顶上”可知，空处应填入表示“无法探测的、探测不到的”含义的形容词作表语。故填undetectable。
53. It ________ (claim) that a major breakthrough has been made in the fight against cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is claimed
考查时态语态。句意：据说在与癌症的斗争中取得了重大突破。此处是固定搭配：it is claimed that意为“据称”，that引导主语从句，it作形式主语。故填is claimed。
54. With many browsers and server programs available, Netscape will lose its ________ (dominate) position in the business. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】dominant
考查形容词。句意：由于有许多浏览器和服务器程序可用，Netscape 将失去其在业务中的主导地位。根据句中its可知，空处修饰名词position，因此需用形容词形式作定语。dominate 是动词，其形容词形式为dominant，意为“主导的”，故填dominant。
55. What the security officials said in the conference ________ (contradict) what they did. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contradicted
考查动词时态。句意：安全官员在会议上所说的与他们所做的相矛盾。本句是what引导的主语从句和宾语从句，contradict作主句谓语，根据said和did可知，用一般过去时。故填contradicted。
56. She ________ (reward) for her efforts with a cash bonus early this year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was rewarded
考察时态语态。句意：因为她的努力在今年年初她被奖励了现金。reward sb for sth含义为：因为……奖赏某人，所给词reward为句子谓语，根据“early this year”可知，动作发生在过去，为一般过去时，句子主语“She”与动词“reward”构成被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was rewarded。
（三）短语填空（共 5 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分）
短语填空
in one’s own right; go about; be down to; all walks of life; speak volumes about; dig up; on exhibition; as opposed to;
57. Much to his relief, the evidence the police have collected ________ his innocence.
58. In short, his success ________ his determination and persistence.
59. Tell us when and why you started your business and how you ________ setting it up.
60. He proved to be an outstanding leader ________ by working hard.
61. The result was rather unsatisfactory, ________ what we had expected.
【答案】57. speaks volumes about
58. is down to
59. went about
60. in his own right
61. as opposed to
【57题】
考查动词短语。句意：令他宽慰的是，警方收集到的证据充分证明了他的清白。本句是省略that的定语从句，主句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是speak volumes about意为“清楚表明”符合语境，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the evidence为第三人称单数。故填speaks volumes about。
【58题】
考查动词短语。句意：简而言之，他的成功是由于他的决心和坚持。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是be down to意为“可归因于”符合语境，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故填is down to。
【59题】
考查动词短语。句意：告诉我们你是什么时候开始创业的，为什么开始创业，以及你是如何开始创业的。本句是how引导的宾语从句，从句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是go about意为“着手干”符合语境，根据前文的started可知用一般过去时。故填went about。
【60题】
考查介词短语。句意：通过努力工作，他证明了自己是一位杰出的领导者。根据句意，此处应是in one’s own right意为“凭自己的能力”作状语。符合语境。故填in his own right。
【61题】
考查介词短语。句意：结果很不令人满意，与我们所期望的相反。根据句意，此处应是as opposed to意为“而不是”符合语境。故填as opposed to。
【作文答案】Dear Jack,
I’m writing to share with you a competition I participated in last Wednesday. So exciting was it that I can’t wait to tell you more details about it.
The poem I chose is a famous one called “Quiet Night Thought” written by Li Bai, which describes the poet’s deep homesickness when he saw the moon at night. I was deeply impressed by its beautiful imagery and profound emotions. It was such an honor that I won the first prize in the competition.
This activity has not only enriched my knowledge of ancient Chinese poetry but also strengthened my appreciation for our cultural heritage. I sincerely hope you can join us next time if you have opportunity.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua.
【读后续写答案】One possible version:
Hearing her invitation, I was filled with mixed feelings. On the one hand, I felt good that I was the only fan who got the opportunity. I admired Jennifer Capriati very much and was eager to stay with her a little longer. On the other hand, I was scared of riding a roller coaster. However, I must take the chance and it didn’t take much time to make my decision. I nodded and went to the roller coaster with her.
My friend came up and asked, “ Are you sure you will take a roller coaster ” “Yes,” I answered. “This is the only chance for me to ride a roller coaster with my heroine.” My friend was surprised; she had spent years trying to persuade me to do that. Fears of heights and moving too fast seemed unimportant now. Although I screamed during the entire time like a girl being chased by an axe killer, I finally survived. That chance of meeting with Jennifer Capriati helped me overcome my fear. And since then, I have lived in a world where I am a bit braver.
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