北京八中2024-2025学年高二（上）期中英语（PDF版，含答案）

2024北京八中高二（上）期中
英 语
年级:高二 科目:英语
(考试时间 100 分钟, 满分 120 分)
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Production of bottled water has grown over the past thirty years from nothing into a $16 billion-per-
year business. However, more and more people have been against bottled water use, and
environmentalists are (1) people to go back to the tap.
The first reason why you should seriously think about (2) bottled water, they say, is that it's bad
for the environment. Producing plastic bottles (3) vast quantities of oil. As a result, factories create
poisonous waste and send it into the environment. What is more, the vast majority of plastic water
bottles aren't (4) . In almost every part of the world, unwanted water bottles take up landfills and
send dangerous gases into air and water when they are burned. In other words, bottled water is a
major (5) to global warming.
Secondly, the (6) of bottled water requires a lot of fuel. In the USA alone, one billion bottles of
water are moved around each week in trucks, giving off polluting gases. In fact, some high-priced
water is (7) from one side of the planet to the other.
Finally, bottled water isn't even better for your health. Tap water rules in many countries are
far (8) than those for bottled water. Furthermore, tap water contains fluoride, which is added to help
build strong teeth and prevent tooth decay(龋齿). Consequently, as the use of bottled water has (9) ,
tooth decay has become more serious.
To sum up, by stopping the use of bottled water, and encouraging others to do so, you will be doing
the planet an enormous (10) and benefiting your own health as well.
1. A. allowing B. training C. calling on D. commanding
2. A. giving up B. turning to C. preparing for D. believing in
3. A. creates B. attracts C. requires D. shares
4. A. sold B. recycled C. found D. limited
5. A. answer B. solution C. contributor D. service
6. A. test B. design C. competition D. transportation
7. A. shipped B. wasted C. developed D. collected
8. A. older B. fewer C. stricter D. simpler
9. A. dropped B. changed C. increased D. disappointed
10. A. contribution B. favor C. help D. assistance
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在
给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
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A
(11) (live) in the UK for 15 years, Huang Danian moved back to China in 2008. He set up a
state-of-the-art lab, sometimes (12) (pay) for equipment with his own money. He contributed to the
launch of Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2. In 2016, he fainted and was taken to hospital, where he was
diagnosed with cancer. (13) (trap) in his hospital bed, he still continued his work. He died in January
in 2017. More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright, but was so
short.
B
During my time in and above the Arizona desert, I learned not only about the mechanics and
techniques of aviation, but also about myself and how I see the world. As I floated in that seemingly
endless sea of air, I became aware of the (14) (various) and complexity of the humanity below. On
the ribbons of roadways, each tiny car carried people with hopes and dreams. I wondered (15) any
of those people had ever wished to fly like an eagle. Then I realized that each must have his or her own
dreams and ambitions. That’s (16) makes us unique. We try to respond to something special inside
us. I also realized that I was especially fortunate to be making my own dream come true.
C
Over the past five years, China (17) (construct) the world’s largest high-speed rail network,
including four rail lines north to south and four lines east to west. The network is spread over 22,000
kilometers, (18) is about 60 percent of the world’s total.
Approved by the State Council, a new network, expanded to eight lines for both north to south
and east to west, (19) (build) to cover most central and western regions of China.
In the near future, when it (20) (complete), the national high-speed railway mileage will reach
45,000 km, double of the present, making more than 200,000 people in the city enjoy the convenience
of high-speed trains.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两小节；每小题2分, 共38分）
第一节（共 13 小题；每小题 2 分，共 26 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题
卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In the 1990s conservationist Dave Foreman, co-founder of Wild Earth magazine, invented the
term “rewilding.” It is defined as “a conservation effort focused on restoring sustainable biodiversity
and ecosystem health by protecting core wilderness areas.” In order to achieve that goal, some
conservationists are returning native species to the wild and allowing nature to take over previously
developed places. Other people, however, believe that rewilding methods can be as basic as planting
trees or simply not interfering with the land.
In various places around the world, rewilding can be seen with favorable results. In regions of
southern Africa, cheetahs and lions have been successfully introduced back into the wild.
Ages ago, herds of European bison thundered across Europe. But they were hunted for food and
sport until none of these large mammals remained in the wild. Thankfully, Europe’s bison survived
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because of a captive breeding program. Currently these “ecosystem engineers” are being returned to
forests and are transforming the land for the better.
Public attitudes toward rewilding are generally positive. In the UK, eighty-two percent of those
surveyed indicated that they were in favor of bringing back animals that have disappeared from the
wild in their country. When asked which types of animals they wanted most, a solid majority said birds
of prey, that is, birds which hunt and feed on smaller animals. Slightly fewer favored introducing
wading birds, which make their homes in and near water. In contrast, only one in four favored bringing
back brown bears. Just over one-third would like to see wolves introduced into the UK. Nearly half of
those surveyed are in favor of bringing back wild cats, such as the Highland tiger, which has nearly
disappeared from its native hunting grounds in Scotland.
On the other hand, rewilding is also opposed by some people. They fear that the animals could
spread diseases or threaten people. Some farmers are also against returning farming areas to their
natural state for wild animals to live. According to them, farming areas must be reserved. If it isn’t,
food production could be harmed. Scientists and government officials who favor rewilding will have
to deal with these concerns.
21. What does this article imply about European bison
A. They provided meat for people in the distant past.
B. At one time, they put fear into the hearts of people.
C. They prevented people from founding settlements.
D. Their skins were used to make clothing for people.
22. According to this article, which of the following is true
A. People generally don’t like the idea of rewilding.
B. Rewilding must start on a small scale.
C. European bison, after rewilding, caused danger in the ecosystem.
D. Rewilded animals are believed by some to pose danger.
23. Look at the following charts. Which chart agrees with the information in the article about the UK
survey on rewilding
A. B
C. D.
B
Life is just like a box of chocolates and you never know what you're going to get. Sometimes when
we are in our darkest hour, something completely unexpected happens that can give us a little bit of
hope and comfort.
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Jessica was a healthy woman. One day, while she was working on a brilliant idea that suddenly
struck her, which she thought would be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem she
was working on, she suddenly lost consciousness. After she was rushed to the hospital, her heart rate
slowed by nearly 50 percent. It took nine days for doctors to concentrate on what was causing her
problem.
After several weeks, Jessica was still stiff from head to foot, but luckily, she was able to move
her lips. Staff noticed this and introduced Jessica to Consuelo Gonzalez, a professional lip reader.
Consuelo can understand what people are saying by the shape their lips make. She can also understand
how annoying it is not to be able to communicate because she has been completely deaf since the age
of 8.
For a few hours each week, Jessica could have long conversations with Consuelo, diving into
the ocean of words she dearly missed. Through Consuelo, Jessica asked the doctors and nurses
questions she had long wanted answers to. She also talked to Consuelo about the vivid dreams she was
mixing up with reality.
In fact, there are other ways for Consuelo to earn a living by reading lips, but she says helping
patients separate horrible dreams from reality is the most rewarding way she can use her unique skill.
“What is really wonderful, without doubt, is being able to use this skill to create healing and to create
communication between human beings. That’s what feels best: Love.”
After four and a half months in the hospital, Jessica finally recovered. Consuelo was there,
holding Jessica’s hands. Jessica eventually went back to work as a math professor. After her experience
she wrote a new living will. One thing she added is that if she ever becomes incapacitated like this
again, she is never to be left alone.
24. Why does the author mention a box of chocolates in the first paragraph ______
A. To present an argument. B. To make a comparison.
C. To introduce a topic. D. To give an example.
25. How can we describe Consuelo Gonzalez ______
A. Friendly and cautious. B. Brave and creative.
C. Kind and caring. D. Determined and humorous.
26. What can best summarize the message contained in the passage ______
A. Love can make people no longer alone facing difficulties.
B. Creating communication between human beings is rewarding.
C. Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.
D. Love is key to the attainment of others’ respect.
C
As we prepare learners with the skills needed for the 21st century, there is a greater desire to further
integrate technology into our classrooms. Whether it’s a K-12 or college classroom, it’s rare to find an
environment that does not integrate technology in some form or another. In some cases, online learning
has replaced the physical classroom altogether. As educators, we owe it to ourselves and our students
to use these benefits. However, while technology offers significant advantages, simply integrating it
as an alternative source of delivery or as another means for students to demonstrate their
comprehension is not an effective practice.
We must remind ourselves that any form of learning technology should also be guided. These
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resources are just instruments and require high-quality guided practice from instructors. These
instruments, combined with guidance, can afford good instruction, practice and motivation. While
technology can positively impact learning outcomes, it may be even more effective for some students
if it’s instructor-led and integrated into a well-designed curriculum.
Technology is rapidly changing the educational environment and challenging students to adapt
accordingly. It can frustrate students of different generations struggling to learn how to use a learning
platform in addition to picking up the actual subject. Some may wonder, “Why should I waste time
learning how to create a podcast(播客) when I could simply write the paper ”
It’s a reasonable question. We must not assume students who were raised using technology are
always comfortable learning with these tools. A study found that because of tools some students may
not have experience using, they may need more direction on how to apply these tools. Students may
struggle if an instructor neglects to teach the conceptual basis of the tools. Technology may mean little
without appropriate objectives and goals for its use, structures for its application, and trained deliverers.
Educators are also tasked with providing students the skills they need to flourish in a highly
competitive and technologically-based workplace. Many of the skills obtained through online classes
are valuable professional skills. Students taught how to use multiple learning technologies effectively
have a competitive advantage over those who are simply using technology as a method of delivery in
the online classroom. Regardless of the subjects we teach, integrating technology gives our students
the opportunity to not only learn the content, but also to develop skills useful beyond our classrooms.
Technology, when integrated and balanced appropriately with the curriculum and with student needs,
can make us more effective as educators.
27. What is important to the learning technology
A. Instruction and revision. B. Comprehension and application.
C. Diversity and flexibility. D. Guidance and arrangements.
28. According to the passage, what should an educator do
A. Arrange online assignment for students.
B. Prepare students with rules in the workplace.
C. Help students master online technology.
D. Notify students of the value of the learning tool.
29. What’s the author’s attitude toward learning technology
A. Approving. B. Unconcerned. C. Wait-and-see. D. Critical.
30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Is the Learning Technology a Tool or an Opportunity
B. Does Technology Boost Educational Effectiveness
C. Can Technology Put an End to Traditional Classrooms
D. Does the Learning Skill Outweigh the Learning Content
D
We have been defending humanities for many decades now, but the crisis of the humanities only
grows. In the face of declining student interest and mounting political scrutiny (审查), universities and
colleges are increasingly putting humanities departments on the chopping block.
As a humanist, I am prepared to admit that I do not know what the value of the humanities is. I
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once asked the best teacher I ever had why she no longer taught her favorite novel, and she said that
she stopped teaching a book when she found she was no longer curious about it. The humanistic spirit
is, fundamentally, an inquisitive one.
In contrast, defenses of the humanities are not — and cannot be — conducted in an inquisitive
spirit, because a defensive spirit is inimical to an inquisitive one. Defensiveness is, it must be admitted,
an understandable response when the chopping block is brought out and you need to explain why you
shouldn’t be on it, which requires their participants to pretend to know things that they do not actually
know.
Nonetheless, we should be alert to the danger of becoming accustomed to putting our worst foot
forward. An atmosphere of urgency and calls for immediate action are hostile to fields of study like
literature and philosophy that require a reflective mood, and the pretense (假装) of knowing what one
doesn’t actually know is hostile to forms of inquiry that demand an open mind.
A defensive mindset also encourages politicization. If the study of literature or philosophy helps
to fight sexism or to promote democracy—and everyone agrees that sexism is bad, and democracy is
good — then you have your answer as to why we shouldn’t cut funding for the study of literature or
philosophy. Politicization is a way of arming the humanities for its political battles, but it comes at an
intellectual cost. Why is sexism so bad Why is democracy so good Politicization silences these and
other questions, whereas the function of the humanities is to raise them.
Humanists are not alone in their ignorance about the purpose of their disciplines. But scientists
are under a lot less pressure to explain why they exist because the society at large believes itself to
already have the answer to that question. If at some point I am called on to defend the study of Homer
or Descartes at some official hearing, I will do my best, but I will not run to battle; the battle will have
to come to me.
The task of humanists is to invite, to welcome, to excite, to engage. And when we let ourselves be
ourselves, when we allow the humanistic spirit that animates us to flow out not only into our
classrooms but also in our public-self presentation, we find we don’t need to defend or prove anything:
We are irresistible.
31.What is the author’s main concern regarding the crisis in humanities
A. The pressure on humanists to argue for the value of their disciplines.
B. The mounting political scrutiny faced by humanities departments.
C. People’s little knowledge regarding the purpose of humanities.
D. Students’ lack of interest in studying humanities courses.
32.What does the word “inimical” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A. immune. B. relevant. C. sensitive. D. contrary.
33.What can be inferred about a defensive mindset
A. It brings about a lower chance of survival for humanities.
B. It requires a reflective mood on the study of humanities.
C. It leads to a compromise on human’s intellectual depth.
D. It is the worst action to take in the face of the crisis.
34.Which of the following might the author most probably agree
A. The battle of humanities is a hard one to fight.
B. The future of humanities remains cloudy.
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C. Science is more useful than humanities.
D. Humanities may not need any defense.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
为多余选项。
Growing plants is often seen as a very “green” thing to do, but like many products, they take a
huge amount of energy to produce. (35) For example, they use geothermal (地热的) energy to heat
greenhouses and solar power to supply electricity and lighting. While domestic growing doesn’t
involve the same carbon footprint as commercial growing, it's important to consider what we can all
do to minimize our own impact while still enjoying growing plants.
Over-consumption of plants is a big issue. It’s so easy to get overexcited when you see all these
incredible plants, and you can end up carrying home huge numbers of them. (36) The more plants
you have, the more limited your time and resources become, and plants can suffer. This leads to another
issue—many people may end up throwing away their plants which don’t look perfect or stop flowering,
in a similar way to the world of fast fashion. (37) .
If you are ready and able to increase your collection, propagate (繁殖) from your own plants rather
than buying more, and share plants with others. (38) Meanwhile, we can build a community of
like-minded, passionate plant people.
Recycling takes a huge amount of input, which can end up more damaging to the environment, so
instead of buying something of lower quality that needs replacing every year, buy fewer things of a
higher quality. (39) And they can be passed down the generations.
A. But large collections call for an enormous amount of work.
B. Many commercial growers continue to market their produce.
C. This removes the need to buy plants and encourages a sharing culture.
D. These will last many years and be more cost-effective in the long term.
E. So it's important to assess your collection and buy plants you have time to look after.
F. Throwing them away will greatly reduce your gardening footprint on the environment.
G. Many large-scale growers have used technology to minimize their impact on the environment.
第三部分 阅读表达（共12分）
第一节（共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
When Eugenie George first heard that her friend passed the accountant exam, her heart sank.
She’d failed that test weeks earlier, and needed the certificate to advance her own career. “My inner
child got upset,” recalls George. But then, she called her friend. “I told her I failed and admitted I was
envious,” she says. Being frank shifted her attitude, and she was surprised to realize she could share
her friend’s happiness and experience her own, in turn. “I congratulated my friend and told her she
inspired me,” George says.
This is what scientists called freudenfreude, meaning finding pleasure in another person’s success,
even if it doesn’t directly involve us. Freudenfreude is like social glue, says Catherine Chambliss, a
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professor of psychology at Ursinus College. It makes relationships “close and more enjoyable.” A
study in 2021 examined freudenfreude’s role in daily life and found that it could improve life
satisfaction and even help people co-operate during a conflict.
While the benefits of freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily. If you were raised
in a family that paired winning with self-worth, Chambliss says, you might misread someone else’s
victory as your own personal shortcoming. Besides, mental health can also affect your ability to
participate in someone else’s joy. Negative emotions like anger or dislike may lead to the opposite of
freudenfreude.
Luckily, the ability of freudenfreude can be exercised. To help people strengthen joy-sharing
muscles, Chambliss and his colleagues developed a programme called Freudenfreude Enhancement
Training practices. They found that depressed students who used the practices for two weeks had an
easier time expressing freudenfreude, which enhanced their relationships and improved their moods.
Given that, having freudenfreude is beneficial and it is worthwhile to explore ways to encourage the
feeling.
40. According to scientists, what is freudenfreude
41. What impact does freudenfreude have on daily life
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Freudenfreude doesn’t always come easily, and it is affected by your family environment and
physical health.
43. Besides George’s experience mentioned in the passage, please describe one of your experiences of
freudenfreude. (In about 40 words)
第四部分：词汇（共两节；每小题1分，共20 分）
第一节 根据语境选出可以填入句子空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
44. The government will force companies to any possible measure to reduce air pollution.
A．adjust B．adopt C．adapt D．accept
45. The use of water is becoming tense in north China and the government __________ that we should
save water in our daily life.
A. admits B. acknowledges C. advocates D. adores
46. When is the best time to my employer about an increase in salary
A．appeal B．appreciate C．applaud D．approach
47. The problem has simply because you didn’t follow the instructions in the handbook.
A. assessed B. arisen C. annoyed D. arranged
48. It is said that dogs will keep you _________ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
A. accompany B. companionship C. companion D. company
49. The job is __________ to me because I have little experience. However, it is also rewarding.
A. challenging B. boring C. bitter D. contradictory
50. The weather here is too _______ and it can rain at any moment. Why not bring an umbrella
A. comfortable B. consistent C. changeable D. bitter
51. The computer system _________ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in
52. If children were not told and shown how to __________ politely, they might grow up rough and
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rude like savages (野人).
A. blame B. behave C. betray D. bow
53. Typing is considered by most employers to be a basic ________.
A. contribution B. congratulation C. competence D. command
54. Refusal to __________ is the major obstacle for the two parties in further peace talks.
A. conflict B. concept C. commitment D. compromise
55. It was her kindness _______ made a lasting impression on everyone she met.
A. which B. what C. that D. when
56. I failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies.
A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize
第二节 用所给单词的正确形式完成下列句子, 每个单词只能用一次, 其中有三个多余选项。
endanger legal aware restore stress out involve
propose recyclable informative waste
57. Every year the education sector launches many programs to promote the youth’s environmental
__________.
58. The society was set up to preserve ___________ species from dying out.
59. Two people were arrested yesterday at a Paris airport for bringing animals into Europe from South
America ___________.
60. To help the birds survive, people ___________ their habitats and removing small animals that hunt
them, such as mice and cats from the islands where they live.
61. How often do we arrive at work or school, ___________, tired and angry
62. Fully ___________ in caring homeless animals, she has taken a vet as her career.
63. Many companies are taking steps to reduce ___________ behaviors in order to promote
sustainability and improve their overall efficiency.
第五部分：书面表达（20 分）
假设你是李华，学校为了进一步贯彻落实 “Green Campus”的理念，向学生征集意见和建
议，并进行相应的改善。请你投稿，介绍校园里的不环保现象并提出解决方案。主要内容包
括：
（1）不环保现象；
（2）解决方案；
注意：词数不少于 100。
Dear School Administration,
I am writing to
Sincerely,
Li Hua
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参考答案
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
1-10 CACBC DACCB
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
11. Having lived 12. paying 13. Trapped 14. variety
15. whether/if 16. what 17. has constructed 18. which
19. is being built 20. is completed/has been completed
第二部分：阅读理解（（共两小节；每小题2分, 共36分）
21-23 ADC 24-26 CCA 27-30 DCAB 31-34 ADCD
35-39 GAECD
第三部分 阅读表达（共12分）
第一节 （共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
40. Freudenfreude is finding pleasure in another person’s success, even if it doesn’t directly involve
us.
41. It improves life satisfaction and even helps people co-operate during a conflict.
42. Freudenfreude doesn’t always come easily, and it is affected by your family environment and
physical health.
Mental well-being can affect your ability to participate in the joy of others.
43.
1) Last year, in the relay race, my team was defeated by my friend’s team. I felt a little envious at
first. However, seeing excitement on his face, I related to him and joined in the celebration. As we
celebrated together, we were reminded of the power of sharing joy.
2) I experienced freudenfreude when my friend got accepted into her dream school. Although I was
still struggling for my final exam and not sure what my future would hold, I sent her sincere
congratulations on the success. That enhanced the bond between us, fostering mutual support and
encouragement.
四、词汇 (1’×20)
44-56 BCDBD ACABC DCD
57-63 awareness; endangered; illegally; are restoring;
stressed out; involved; wasteful
五、书面表达 (20’)
One possible version:
Dear School Administration,
I am writing to shed light on certain non-environmentally friendly practices on our campus and
suggest ways to address them in alignment with the "Green Campus" initiative.
One prevalent non-environmentally friendly phenomenon on our campus is the excessive use
of disposable plastic water bottles. Every day, numerous plastic bottles are discarded, contributing to
plastic pollution and harming our environment.
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To tackle this issue, we can implement several solutions. Firstly, installing water refill stations
across campus can encourage students to use reusable water bottles, reducing the reliance on single-
use plastics. Secondly, organizing awareness campaigns and educational workshops can educate
students about the detrimental effects of plastic pollution and promote sustainable alternatives. By
adopting these measures, we can significantly reduce our environmental footprint and progress towards
a greener campus environment.
Thank you for considering these suggestions for a more sustainable future.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
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