人教版(2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters 重点单词变形,词组,短语,句型练习(含解析)

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名称 人教版(2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters 重点单词变形,词组,短语,句型练习(含解析)
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Unit 4 Natural Disasters
重点单词变形,词组,短语,句型练习
(知识点全覆盖)
重点单词
1. n.灾难;灾害
2. vi.& vt.(使)滑行;滑动
3. n.洪水;大量 vi.淹没;大量涌入 vt.使灌满水;淹没
4. n.& vt.营救;救援
5. vt.损害;破坏n.损坏;损失
6. vt.摧毁;毁灭
7. n.避难处;居所;庇护 vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
8. n.& vt.破坏;毁坏
9. n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中
10. vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n.险境;陷阱
11. vt.埋葬;安葬
12. n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
13. n.上下文;语境;背景
14. n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品 vt.供应;供给
15. vi.& vt.轻叩;轻敲;轻拍 n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲
16. n.管子;管道
17. adj.镇静的;沉着的 vt.使平静;使镇静
18. n.援助;帮助;救援物资 vi.& vt.(formal)帮助;援助
19. vt.& vi.碰撞;撞击 n.撞车;碰撞
20. vt.& vi.打扫;清扫
重点单词变形
1.death n.死;死亡→ adj.死的→ adj.致命的→ v.死亡
2.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→ n.效果;影响→ adj.有效的
→ n.喜欢;喜爱;感情
3.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊→ adj.令人震惊的→
adj.感到震惊的
4.electricity n.电;电能→ adj.电的;用电的→ adj.电子的
5.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→ n.呼吸→ adj.气喘吁吁的
6.wisdom n.智慧;才智→ adj.明智的→ adj.不明智的
7.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ n.受难;苦楚
8.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→ n.喷发
9.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过→ n.幸存;生还→ n.幸存者;生还者
10.emergency n.突发事件;紧急情况→ adj.紧急的→ vi.浮现;出现
11.deliver vt.& vi.递送;传达 vt.发表→ n.投递;送交
12.length n.长;长度→ adj.长的→ v.(使)变长
一、语法填空
1.We work harder to make further progress in the field of science we are curious about.
2.The miners (trap) underground for days before rescuers finally reached them.
3.The child, feeling sleepy, (slide) into bed and closed his eyes.
4.The child ran into the road and (strike) by a car.
5.His (wise) made him survive the earthquake.
6.In the adventure camp, we’ll learn (survive) skill.
7.The whole village (destroy) in the war last year, leaving nothing to the native people.
8.His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh' s mental illness may have (affect) his sense of sight.
9.The (survive) of the boy is uncertain; he is badly hurt and may die.
10.Jim was a (survive) of the accident, but he lost his left leg.
11.The strong earthquake left the city in (ruin) merely in several seconds.
12.The sisters were treated as local heroes after (rescue) a two-year-old boy from drowning.
13.Who was the man we saw at yesterday’s meeting
14.Meanwhile, increasing global temperatures can have (disaster) consequences in other ways.
15.Please stop smoking. The meeting room is filled with smoke now and we could hardly (breath).
16.The Spring Equinox (春分) signals the equal (long) of the day and night time.
17.In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland (damage) by human activity.
18.A present for parents child has recently been born might show a paper cut of children, for example.
19.Earthquakes are (extreme)difficult to predict.
20.The local community is making efforts (solve) the parking problem with new technologies.
21.Wang Le was shocked (read) the news that a great earthquake struck his hometown.
22.In my 40 years as a meteorologist(气象学家), this is one of the most (shock)weather events I’ve ever witnessed.
23.The old man feared what would happen after his (die)
24.The government has taken (effect) measures to reduce the damage caused by the landslide.
25.Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national (emerge).
26.In some parts of China, this ceremony is experiencing a (revive).
27.We’d better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer heat inside our bodies.
28.This is the most (power) medicine to cure your illness.
29.Wires convey (electric) from power stations to the users.
30. seemed as if the world were coming to an end.
31.This is the museum we visited last week, where there are many valuable paintings and sculptures.
32.The woman who is wearing a white dress is the nurse took care of me when I was ill.
33.Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist work is internationally renowned.
34.It’s the best movie I have ever seen.
35.Those saw Han Gan’s horse paintings all sang high praises for his unique skill.
36.Ten passengers aboard the plane, which crashed a mountain last night because of the thick fog, are reported to have died.
37.Faced with an argument, we should calm and put ourselves in others’ shoes rather than get angry.
38.I’ll never forget those years when I lived in the small county with the workers, who have a great effect my life today.
39.Mary would wave Benjamin from her window whenever she saw the young boy in the yard.
40. the aid of the computer, some works like this could be produced in the studio.
二、单词拼写
41.Make another (努力), and you are likely to solve this problem.
42.The government has declared a state of (紧急情况)。
43.Cotton clothing allows your skin to (呼吸).
44.King Cholera (侵袭) London in the 1830s.
45.Graduation represents moving from the (为……提供避难所,保护) life of high school into the real world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
46.Left alone in the large house, the little boy had to learn to (存活) by himself.
47.What (使惊讶) us was that John finally passed the exam, he never studied hard.
48.A man can be (毁灭) but not defeated.
49.It will be considered a miracle if someone is saved after (围困) for 72 hours.
50.The man (递送) the packages to the woman once a week.
51.It is an (突发事件,紧急情况). Get the injured person to the hospital now.
52.People collected many (补给品) and sent them to the disaster area.
53.The 1976 earthquake in Tangshan was one of the greatest natural (灾难) in history.
54. (飓风) will cause huge waves,heavey rain and floods.
55.It is universally acknowledged that by reading the (摘要), you can determine which articles are worth reading in full.
56.She (掩埋) her face in her hands and wept.
57.After the war, many buildings were in (废墟).
58.What we must do is to (营救)them from danger at once.
59.She got frightened and excited, but is much (镇静)now.
60.Winds have knocked down several power lines, leaving thousands of people without (电).
三、选词填空
根据语境,用方框内短语的正确形式填空,使句子逻辑意思连贯(多余三个短语)。
come to an end; as usual;be in shock;as if; be buried in;dig out;in ruins; a great number of;suffer from; be trapped in; fall asleep ,on hand ,in the open air
61.He went to school .
62.My holiday is and I must go back to work tomorrow.
63.He spread his arms out to hold the whole world.
64.After the earthquake, the whole city lay .
65.We are expecting to some important facts.
66.A long time ago, English people settled in America and Australia.
67.His friend has ill health for some years.
68.He his work when the boss came in.
69.I the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.
70.We at the news that about 500 miners died in the accident.
语法填空
For several days before the earthquake struck Tangshan, strange things were happening. For example, chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat and mice ran out of the fields 71 (look)for places to hide, etc. At about 3:00 a. m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky and loud noises were heard, 72 the local people were asleep as usual at that time.
Then at 3:42 a. m. , one 73 (dead)earthquake hit Tangshan. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in 74 (ruin). The number of people who were killed or badly injured 75 (be)more than 400,000 and thousands of children were left without parents. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. It seemed as if the world were coming to 76 end.
However, soon after the earthquake, aid from all corners of our country came. Soldiers arrived to dig out those 77 (trap)and to bury the dead. Doctors, nurses and those from other walks of life came to help. Slowly, the city started to revive 78 (it)and get back up on its feet. A new Tangshan 79 (build) upon the earthquake ruins with strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, which proved that 80 times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
参考答案:
重点单词——我会写 1.disaster n.灾难;灾害 2.slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行;滑动 3.flood n.洪水;大量 vi.淹没;大量涌入 vt.使灌满水;淹没 4.rescue n.& vt.营救;救援 5.damage vt.损害;破坏n.损坏;损失 6.destroy vt.摧毁;毁灭 7.shelter n.避难处;居所;庇护 vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险) 8.ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏 9.percent n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中 10.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n.险境;陷阱 11.bury vt.埋葬;安葬 12.effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力 13.context n.上下文;语境;背景 14.supply n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品 vt.供应;供给 15.tap vi.& vt.轻叩;轻敲;轻拍 n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲 16.pipe n.管子;管道 17.calm adj.镇静的;沉着的 vt.使平静;使镇静 18.aid n.援助;帮助;救援物资 vi.& vt.(formal)帮助;援助 19.crash vt.& vi.碰撞;撞击 n.撞车;碰撞 20.sweep vt.& vi.(swept,swept)打扫;清扫
1.death n.死;死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v.死亡 2.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→effect n.效果;影响→effective adj.有效的→affection n.喜欢;喜爱;感情 3.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 4.electricity n.电;电能→electric adj.电的;用电的→electronic adj.电子的 5.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 6.wisdom n.智慧;才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的 7.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.受难;苦楚 8.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n.喷发 9.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过→survival n.幸存;生还→survivor n.幸存者;生还者 10.emergency n.突发事件;紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现;出现 11.deliver vt.& vi.递送;传达 vt.发表→delivery n.投递;送交 12.length n.长;长度→long adj.长的→lengthen v.(使)变长
1.that/ which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们努力工作,在我们感兴趣的科学领域取得更大的进步。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“the field of science”,在从句中作主语,故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
2.had been trapped
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:矿工们被困在地下好几天之后,救援人员终于找到了他们。主语与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文before rescuers finally reached them可知发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been trapped。
3.slid
【详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意:孩子觉得困了,就钻进了床,闭上了眼睛。所给动词slide在句中作谓语与closed并列,叙述过去事实,应使用一般过去时态,slide的过去式不规则变化为slid。故填slid。
4.was struck
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:孩子跑到马路上,被汽车撞了。句中ran表示动作发生在过去,故使用一般过去时,同时the child与strike之间是被动关系,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was struck。
5.wisdom
【详解】考查名词。句意:他的智慧使他在地震中幸存下来。形容词性物主代词His后,应用名词wisdom作主语,不可数。故填wisdom。
6.survival
【详解】考查名词。句意:在探险营中,我们将学习生存技能。空处作定语,修饰名词“skill”;survival为名词,表示“生存”,可作定语,survival skill意为“生存技能”,符合句意。故填survival。
7.was destroyed
【详解】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:整个村庄在去年的战争中被毁,没有给当地人留下任何东西。村庄是被毁,由last year可知,句子描述过去的事情,因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态,主语The whole village是单数,因此空格处是was destroyed。故填was destroyed。
8.affected
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:梵高对色彩的不寻常运用使专家们认为梵高的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。may have done(对发生过的事情的推测),意为“可能干了某事”,应用过去分词affected。故填affected。
9.survival
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个男孩能否活下来还不确定;他伤得很重,可能会死。提示词作主语,用名词survival,意为“存活,幸存”,不可数名词。故填survival。
10.survivor
【详解】考查名词。句意:吉姆是事故的幸存者,但他失去了左腿。根据句子结构和语境,此处应填入survive的名词形式作表语,结合空前冠词a可知为名词单数,故填survivor。
11.ruins
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:这场强烈地震在几秒钟内就把这座城市变成了废墟。in ruins意为“一片废墟”,为固定搭配。故填ruins。
12.rescuing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在救了一名两岁男孩免于溺水之后,这对姐妹被当作当地的英雄对待。rescue(营救,援救)作介词after的宾语,应用动名词形式rescuing。故填rescuing。
13.who/whom/that
【详解】考查关系代词。句意:我们在昨天的会议上看到的那个人是谁?分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个关系代词来引导定语从句,代替先行词“the man”在从句中充当宾语。在这种情况下,“who”、“whom”或“that”都可以用作关系代词。故who/whom/that
14.disastrous
【详解】考查形容词。句意:与此同时,全球气温上升可能会在其他方面产生灾难性的后果。根据空后名词consequences可知,空处应用形容词作定语。disaster是名词,意为“灾难”,其形容词形式是disastrous,意为“灾难性的”。故填disastrous。
15.breathe
【详解】考查动词。句意:请停止吸烟。现在会议室里充满了烟雾,我们几乎无法呼吸。设空处为谓语,接在情态动词could后,应用动词原形,故填breathe。
16.length
【详解】考查名词。句意:春分标志着白天和黑夜的时间长度相等。空处作宾语,表示“长度”应用名词 length,不可数,故填 length。
17.damaged
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:近年来,我们看到大面积的湿地受到人类活动的破坏。空处需填非谓语动词作定语,修饰名词wetland,damage和wetland为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词形式。故填damaged。
18.whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:例如,给新作父母的人的礼物上应该装饰有孩子图案的剪纸。分析句子可知,________ child has recently been born是定语从句,先行词为parents,指人,根据句意这里要表达的是“这些父母的小孩”,所以用whose引导这个定语从句,故填whose。
19.extremely
【详解】考查副词做状语。分析句子可知,本句的extreme修饰形容词difficult,修饰形容词要用副词,因此填extremely。
20.to solve
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当地社区正在努力用新技术解决停车问题。make efforts to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“尽力做某事,努力做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to solve。
21.to read
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:王乐听到家乡发生大地震的消息时非常震惊。固定短语“be shocked to do”意为“因做……而震惊”,故填to read。
22.shocking
【详解】考查形容词。句意:在我作为气象学家的40年里,这是我所见过的最令人震惊的天气事件之一。需填入形容词作定语修饰“weather events”,需要的词义为“令人震惊的”,即shocking,故填shocking。
23.death
【详解】考查名词。句意:老人担心死后会发生什么事。此处使用名词death“死亡”,作after的宾语。故填death。
24.effective
【详解】考查形容词。句意:政府已采取有效措施减少滑坡造成的损失。根据空格后的名词measures可知,此处用提示词的形容词形式effective作定语,表示“有效的”措施。故填effective。
25.emergency
【详解】考查名词。句意:我们这一代人曾在国家紧急时刻携手并肩,坚定立场。根据空格前的形容词national可知,形容词应该修饰名词,所以空格处用提示词的形容词形式emergency作介词of的宾语,表示“紧急时刻”。故填emergency。
26.revival
【详解】考查名词。句意:在中国的一些地区,这个仪式正在复兴。作动词的宾语,结合不定冠词可知应用单数名词revival,故填revival。
27.from
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我们最好别吃太多烤制食品,因为它可能会让我们体内遭受胃灼热之苦。suffer from“受(某种病痛等)的折磨”。故填from。
28.powerful
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这是治疗你疾病最有效的药物。本空用于修饰名词medicine,修饰名词要用形容词powerful“强效的”。故填powerful。
29.electricity
【详解】考查名词。句意:电线把电从发电站输送给用户。作动词的宾语,应用名词electricity,不可数。故填electricity。
30.It
【详解】考查代词、固定短语。句意:似乎世界末日到了。分析句子结构,“It seemed as if”是一个常用的英语短语,用来表达一种假设或想象的情况,意为“似乎;好像”。它常用于描述一种假设的场景或情况,但并不一定是真实的。这个短语可以用来引导一个从句,描述一种可能性、假设或推测,符合本句句意,故填It。
31.that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这就是我们上周参观的博物馆,那里有许多珍贵的绘画和雕塑。空处引导定语从句,先行词the museum,指物,在定语从句中作宾语,需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
32.that/who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:那个穿白裙子的女人是我生病时照顾我的护士。空处引导定语从句,先行词the nurse,指人,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词that/who引导。故填that/who。
33.whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:句意: 尽管屠呦呦对名声不感兴趣,她已成为一位工作享誉国际的科学家。空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词scientist,关系词在从句中作定语,scientist和work是所属关系,用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。
34.that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这是我看过的最好的电影。空处引导定语从句,从句缺宾语,先行词movie前有the best,所以用关系代词that。故填that。
35.who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:看过韩干的骏马图的人都对他独特的技艺赞不绝口。本空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是Those,指人,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
36.into
【详解】考查介词。句意:据报道,昨晚因大雾坠毁在山上的飞机上有10名乘客死亡。本题考查固定短语crash into,意为“坠毁”,空处需填介词into。故填into。
37.down
【详解】考查副词。句意:面对争论,我们应该冷静下来,设身处地地为别人着想,而不是生气。动词短语calm down表示“冷静下来”,down为副词,修饰动词calm,符合句子和句意。故填down。
38.on
【详解】考查介词。句意:我永远不会忘记我和工人们一起住在小县城的那些年,他们对我今天的生活有很大的影响。短语have a great effect on sth表示“对……有极大的影响”,用介词on引出宾语。故填on。
39.at/to
【详解】考查介词。句意:每当玛丽看到院子里的小男孩,她就会从窗口向本杰明挥手。wave at/to sb表示“朝某人挥手”,符合句意。故填at或to。
40.With
【详解】考查介词和固定搭配。句意:在电脑的帮助下,一些这样的作品可以在工作室里制作出来。with the aid of为固定搭配,表示“在……帮助下”,设空处位于句首,需首字母大写。故填With。
41.effort
【详解】考查名词。句意:再努力一下,你就有可能解决这个问题。根据汉语提示可知,effort“努力”,名词,在句中作宾语,故填effort。
42.emergency
【详解】考查名词。句意:政府宣布进入紧急状态。根据提示的汉语,表示“紧急情况”用名词emergency,作of的宾语。故填emergency。
43.breathe
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:棉质衣服可以让你的皮肤呼吸。“呼吸”为breathe,放在to后用动词原形构成不定式。故填breathe。
44.struck
【详解】考查动词。句意:霍乱王在 1830 年代侵袭了伦敦。本空用动词strike“侵袭,袭击”。根据时间状语in the 1830s可知,本句描述过去的动作和状态,故时态用一般过去时,谓语用过去式。故填struck。
45.sheltered
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:毕业代表着从受保护的高中生活走向现实世界。根据汉语提示可知,空格处应该用动词shelter的非谓语形式作定语,修饰后面的名词life,动词shelter和life之间是被动关系,所以应该用过去分词sheltered。故填sheltered。
46.survive
【详解】考查动词。句意:被单独留在大房子里,小男孩不得不学会自己生存。learn to do sth“学习做某事”为固定短语,后接动词survive。故填survive。
47.astonished/surprised/amazed/shocked
【详解】考查动词。句意:使我们吃惊的是约翰终于通过了考试,他从不努力学习。分析句子结构可知,主语从句中缺少谓语动词。“使惊讶”用动词astonis/surprise/amaze/shock。根据句中时态可知,陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填astonished/surprised/amazed/shocked。
48.destroyed
【详解】考查动词。句意:一个人可以被毁灭,但不可以被打败。根据所给汉语提示以及空前的can be可知,此处应填动词destroy,且主语A man与动词destroy之间为被动关系,因此空处应填过去分词形式destroyed,构成被动语态,意为“被毁灭”。故填destroyed。
49.being trapped
【详解】考查动名词。句意:如果有人在被围困72小时后获救,将被视为奇迹。介词after后用动名词形式作宾语,根据汉语提示及句意,用动词trap (围困),和其逻辑主语someone是被动关系,该空用动名词的被动式being trapped。故填being trapped。
50.delivers
【详解】考查动词。句意:那个男人每周给那个女人送一次包裹。根据汉语提示可知应用动词deliver,作谓语,根据后文onece a week为频率可知为一般现在时,主语为man,谓语用三单形式。故填delivers。
51.emergency
【详解】考查名词。句意:这是紧急情况。马上把伤者送到医院。根据汉语提示可知,表示“突发事件,紧急情况”应用名词emergency,作表语,不定冠词提示用单数。故填emergency。
52.supplies
【详解】考查名词。句意:人们收集了许多补给品并将它们送到灾区。空前是形容词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,根据所给中文提示词,应是supply意为“补给品”,为可数名词,根据many,用复数形式。故填supplies。
53.disasters
【详解】考查名词。句意:1976年的唐山大地震是历史上最大的自然灾害之一。此处为名词作宾语,根据提示的汉语,表示“灾难”应为disasters,结合“one of+可数名词的复数形式”可知,此处应为名词复数形式。故填disasters。
54.hurricane
【详解】考查名词。句意:飓风会引起巨浪、大雨和洪水。名词hurricane(飓风)作主语,故填hurricane.
55.abstracts/summary/outline/digests
【详解】考查名词。句意:大家普遍承认,通过阅读大纲,您可以确定哪些文章是值得充分阅读的。设空处为宾语,根据句意和汉语提示,故填abstracts /summary/outline/digests。
56.buried
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:她双手捂着脸哭了起来。 bury…into…意为“把…埋在…..”,根据句中的wept可知,本句的时态是一般过去时,故用buried。
57.ruins
【详解】考查名词。句意:战争过后,很多大楼成为废墟。ruin损害,伤害,复数形式表示废墟。故填ruins。
58.rescue
【详解】考查动词。句意:我们必须要做的事就是把他们从危险中解救出来。根据句意和中文提示可知,表示“营救”应用rescue,为动词,而这里应用动词不定式在句中作表语。故填rescue。
59.calmer
【详解】考查形容词。句意:她感到害怕和兴奋,但现在平静多了。根据句意和中文提示可知,表示“镇静”应用calm,为形容词,在本句中作表语,且much修饰形容词的比较级。故填calmer。
60.electricity
【详解】考查名词。句意:大风吹倒了几根输电线,导致数千人断电。此处应填名词作宾语,根据词义“电”可知,为electricity,它是不可数名词,故填electricity。
61.as usual 62.coming to an end 63.as if 64.in ruins 65.dig out 66.a great number of 67.suffered from 68.was buried in 69.was trapped in 70.were in shock
【解析】61.考查固定短语。句意:他像往常一样去上学。结合句意可知,as usual“像往常一样”符合题意,故填as usual。
62.考查动词短语。句意:我的假期就要结束了,明天我必须回去工作。根据“I must go back to work tomorrow.”可知此处指“假期就要结束了”,come to an end“结束”符合题意,由空前的is可知此处是现在进行时,空处使用现在分词,故填coming to an end。
63.考查状语从句。句意:他张开双臂,仿佛要拥抱整个世界。结合句意可知,此处使用as if“好像,仿佛”引导方式状语从句,故填as if。
64.考查固定短语。句意:地震过后,整个城市成了一片废墟。根据“After the earthquake”可知,此处指“整个城市成了一片废墟”,in ruins“成为废墟”符合题意,故填in ruins。
65.考查动词短语。句意:我们期望挖掘出一些重要的事实。结合“some important facts”可知,dig out“挖掘出,找出,发现”符合题意,空前的to是不定式符号,后接动词原形,故填dig out。
66.考查固定短语。句意:很久以前,大量的英国人在美洲和澳大利亚定居。空处修饰English people,a great number of“大量的”符合题意,故填a great number of。
67.考查动词短语。句意:他的朋友身体不好已经好几年了。根据“ill health”可知,此处指患病,suffer from“患……病”符合题意,句子是现在完成时,空处使用过去分词,故填suffered from。
68.考查固定短语。句意:老板进来时,他正在埋头工作。结合“his work”可知,此处指“埋头于工作”,be buried in“埋头于,专心于”符合题意,结合从句中的came可知句子使用一般过去时,主语He表示单数意义,故填was buried in。
69.考查固定短语。句意:昨天我在上学的路上被大雨困住了。结合“the heavy rain”可知,此处指“被困在雨中”,be trapped in“被困在”符合题意,结合时间状语“yesterday”可知句子使用一般过去时,故填was trapped in。
70.考查固定短语。句意:听到大约500名矿工在事故中丧生的消息,我们感到震惊。结合“at the news that about 500 miners died in the accident”可知,此处指“对这个新闻感到震惊”,be in shock“震惊”符合题意,结合从句中died可知句子使用一般过去时,主语We表示复数意义,故填were in shock。
71.looking 72.but 73.deadly 74.ruins 75.was 76.an 77.trapped 78.itself 79.was built 80.in
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了唐山大地震发生时的情况,以及当时人们的反应和军队采取的救援措施。在政府的帮助下,新的唐山重建了。向我们证明了,灾难时刻,人们要团结、积极行动,一定会创造更好的未来。
71.考查非谓语。句意:例如,鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃东西,老鼠跑出田野寻找藏身之处等等。这里考查非谓语,mice与look为主动关系,再由句意可知,这里应用现在分词作状语。故填looking。
72.考查连词。句意:1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右,天空中出现了明亮的灯光,听到了巨大的噪音,但当地人当时像往常一样睡着了。根据语境可知,空处前后句之间为转折关系,故用表示转折的并列连词but。故填but。
73.考查形容词。句意:凌晨3点42分,唐山发生致命地震。空处作定语,修饰earthquake,应用deadly,意为“致命的”,符合句意。故填deadly。
74.考查名词复数。句意:不到一分钟,整个城市就成了废墟。这里考查in ruins,意为“严重受损,破败不堪”,为固定搭配。故填ruins。
75.考查主谓一致和时态。句意:死亡或重伤的人数超过40万,数千名儿童失去了父母。“the numberof +可数名词复数”意为“……的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式;根据全文时态及who were killed or badly injured可知,此处描述过去发生的事情。故填was。
76.考查冠词。句意:世界似乎即将走到尽头。 come to an end为固定短语,意为“结束”。故填an。
77.考查非谓语。句意:士兵们赶来挖掘被困人员并埋葬死者。这里考查非谓语,those和trap是逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填trapped。
78.考查代词。句意:慢慢地,这座城市开始复苏,重新站起来。此处指这座城市开始恢复过来,提示词it和主语指同一事物,故应用反身代词itself。故填itself。
79.考查时态语态。句意:在政府的大力支持和城市人民的不懈努力下,唐山在地震废墟上建立了一个新的唐山,这证明了在灾难发生时,人们必须团结起来,展现智慧,保持积极的态度,重建更美好的未来。这里考查谓语动词,A new Tangshan与build 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系;根据全文时态及后面的which proved that可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。
80.考查介词。句意:在政府的大力支持和城市人民的不懈努力下,唐山在地震废墟上建立了一个新的唐山,这证明了在灾难发生时,人们必须团结起来,展现智慧,保持积极的态度,重建更美好的未来。in times of 为固定搭配,意为“在……时候/时期”。故填in。