人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists重点词汇 导学案
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists重点词汇 导学案 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-11-09 10:36:49 | ||
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Unit 1 Science and Scientists（重点词汇）
■重点词汇
1.frustrated adj.懊恼的，沮丧的。
be frustrated at/with... 对……懊恼/沮丧
【词性拓展】
frustrate vt. 挫败，阻挠，使感到灰心
frustrating adj.令人懊恼的
frustration n.沮丧，懊恼； in frustration 懊恼地
【即时训练】
①He was disabled from birth, but he never felt _______ (frustrate), nor did he give in to any difficulty.
②They felt frustrated _____ the lack of progress.
③A poor memory frustrated her efforts ________ (become) an actress.
答案：frustrated；at/with；to become
consequently adv.因此，所以
as a consequence 因此
as a consequence of 由于……
【词性拓展】
consequent adj.随之发生的，作为结果的
consequence n.结果，后果；
【即时训练】
My sister likes to listen to music. , she often buy CDs.
答案：as a consequence
3.suspect v.怀疑，不信任；n. 犯罪嫌疑人，可疑对象；
suspect sb./sth. 怀疑某人/某事
suspect sb. of doing sth. 怀疑某人做某事
suspect sb. to be... 怀疑某人是……
suspect that从句 怀疑……
【词性拓展】
suspicious adj.怀疑的，不信任的
suspicion n.怀疑，嫌疑；
【相关of短语表达】
accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事
warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
cheat sb. of sth. 欺骗某人某事
inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某事
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
【即时训练】
①The boss suspected him ____ taking the computer away from the company.
②Judging from his expression, I suspected him ______ (be) a thief.
③Some of his colleagues at work became ___________ (suspect) of his behaviour.
4.他们怀疑他提供伪证，想问他原因。
_________________________false evidence and wanted to ask him the reason.
答案：of；Judging from；to be；suspicious；They suspected him of giving
4.blame v.责怪，把……归咎于；n.（坏事或错事的）责任，指责；
blame sb. for doing sth. 因做某事而指责某人
blame sth. on sb. 将某人归咎于某人
be to blame for doing sth. 因做某事应该受到责备
bear/take/shoulder the blame 承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人
【即时训练】
①It was the professor rather than his assistant that was __________ (blame) for what had happened in the lab.
②The boss didn't blame his assistant __________ the mistake, which was beyond expectations.
③The boss didn't blame the mistake __________ his assistant, which was beyond expectations.
答案：to blame；for；on；
5.handle n.把手，拉手；v.处理，应付；控制，操纵；
①turn the handle 转动把手
②the handle of a knife 刀柄
③handle the problem/matter/crisis. 处理问题/事情/危机
【同义词】
solve/tackle/do with/deal with/cope with/address
6.link n.联系，连接，纽带；链接，交通路线；v.把……连接起来，相关联；
There is a link between...and... 在……和……之间有联系
link...to/with... 把……与……连接起来
link up with 与……联合
【即时训练】
①Your innovations should be linked ___our school life and be able to make our life better and more convenient.
②They went on to the town, where they linked ___with the other party.
③There are a lot of wireless ________ (link) in a radio.
答案：to ；up；links；
7.decrease n.减少，降低；v.（使大小、数量等）减少，降低；
decrease by 减少了
decrease (from...)to... (从……)减少到……
a sharp/ gradual decrease in... 在……方面急剧/逐渐减少
on the decrease 在下降；在减少
【同义词】
reduce/decline/drop/go down
【即时训练】
①Average house prices decreased _____ 13% last year.
②The number of students going abroad for further study is___ the decrease nowadays.
答案：by ；on；
8.transform vt.使改观，使改变形态；vi.改变，转变；
transform A into B(from c) 把A变成B
A be transformed into B (from c) A被变成B
【词性转化】
transformer n.促使改变的人或物；变压器
transformation n.[C&U]改变;转化
【近义短语】
(1)translate... into... 把…变成…；把…翻译成…
(2)change/turn... into... 把……变成……
(3)divide... into... 把…变成…；把…划分成…
【即时训练】
She was transformed from a common-looking adolescent ____ a pretty young woman.
In the past 20 years the country _____________________ (transform) into an advanced industrial power.
答案：into；has been transformed
9.defend 防御，保护，保卫
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
defend...from/against 保护……免于
defend sb./sth. 为某人/某事辩解
in defence of 为了保卫……
【词性拓展】
defence n.防御，保护
defensive adj.防御的，保护的；
【即时训练】
____________ (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
Over the past decades, sea ice has been __________ the decrease in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
答案：To decrease；on
10.discourage v.阻止，劝阻；使泄气，使灰心；
discourage doing sth. 劝阻做某事
discourage sb. from doing sth. 劝阻某人做某事
【词性拓展】
discouraged adj.灰心的
discouraging adj.令人丧失信心的
discouragement n.泄气，灰心；
11.trace v.追溯，追究；找到，追踪；n.痕迹，踪迹（=track）
trace back to 追溯到……（=date back to）
trace...back to... 把……追溯到……
over one's trace 隐匿某人的行踪
12.gifted adj.有天才的，有天赋的；具有（令人愉快的东西）；
be gifted at/in 在……方面有天赋
be gifted with 具有……
have a gift for 对……有天赋（=have a talent for）
【词性拓展】
gift n.天赋，礼物
【即时训练】
①He was gifted/talented ______ music.
=He has a gift /talent for music.
②Man is the only creature that is gifted ___________ speech.
答案：in/at；with
■重点词汇
1.frustrated adj.懊恼的，沮丧的。
be frustrated at/with... 对……懊恼/沮丧
【词性拓展】
frustrate vt. 挫败，阻挠，使感到灰心
frustrating adj.令人懊恼的
frustration n.沮丧，懊恼； in frustration 懊恼地
【即时训练】
①He was disabled from birth, but he never felt _______ (frustrate), nor did he give in to any difficulty.
②They felt frustrated _____ the lack of progress.
③A poor memory frustrated her efforts ________ (become) an actress.
答案：frustrated；at/with；to become
consequently adv.因此，所以
as a consequence 因此
as a consequence of 由于……
【词性拓展】
consequent adj.随之发生的，作为结果的
consequence n.结果，后果；
【即时训练】
My sister likes to listen to music. , she often buy CDs.
答案：as a consequence
3.suspect v.怀疑，不信任；n. 犯罪嫌疑人，可疑对象；
suspect sb./sth. 怀疑某人/某事
suspect sb. of doing sth. 怀疑某人做某事
suspect sb. to be... 怀疑某人是……
suspect that从句 怀疑……
【词性拓展】
suspicious adj.怀疑的，不信任的
suspicion n.怀疑，嫌疑；
【相关of短语表达】
accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事
warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
cheat sb. of sth. 欺骗某人某事
inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某事
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
【即时训练】
①The boss suspected him ____ taking the computer away from the company.
②Judging from his expression, I suspected him ______ (be) a thief.
③Some of his colleagues at work became ___________ (suspect) of his behaviour.
4.他们怀疑他提供伪证，想问他原因。
_________________________false evidence and wanted to ask him the reason.
答案：of；Judging from；to be；suspicious；They suspected him of giving
4.blame v.责怪，把……归咎于；n.（坏事或错事的）责任，指责；
blame sb. for doing sth. 因做某事而指责某人
blame sth. on sb. 将某人归咎于某人
be to blame for doing sth. 因做某事应该受到责备
bear/take/shoulder the blame 承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人
【即时训练】
①It was the professor rather than his assistant that was __________ (blame) for what had happened in the lab.
②The boss didn't blame his assistant __________ the mistake, which was beyond expectations.
③The boss didn't blame the mistake __________ his assistant, which was beyond expectations.
答案：to blame；for；on；
5.handle n.把手，拉手；v.处理，应付；控制，操纵；
①turn the handle 转动把手
②the handle of a knife 刀柄
③handle the problem/matter/crisis. 处理问题/事情/危机
【同义词】
solve/tackle/do with/deal with/cope with/address
6.link n.联系，连接，纽带；链接，交通路线；v.把……连接起来，相关联；
There is a link between...and... 在……和……之间有联系
link...to/with... 把……与……连接起来
link up with 与……联合
【即时训练】
①Your innovations should be linked ___our school life and be able to make our life better and more convenient.
②They went on to the town, where they linked ___with the other party.
③There are a lot of wireless ________ (link) in a radio.
答案：to ；up；links；
7.decrease n.减少，降低；v.（使大小、数量等）减少，降低；
decrease by 减少了
decrease (from...)to... (从……)减少到……
a sharp/ gradual decrease in... 在……方面急剧/逐渐减少
on the decrease 在下降；在减少
【同义词】
reduce/decline/drop/go down
【即时训练】
①Average house prices decreased _____ 13% last year.
②The number of students going abroad for further study is___ the decrease nowadays.
答案：by ；on；
8.transform vt.使改观，使改变形态；vi.改变，转变；
transform A into B(from c) 把A变成B
A be transformed into B (from c) A被变成B
【词性转化】
transformer n.促使改变的人或物；变压器
transformation n.[C&U]改变;转化
【近义短语】
(1)translate... into... 把…变成…；把…翻译成…
(2)change/turn... into... 把……变成……
(3)divide... into... 把…变成…；把…划分成…
【即时训练】
She was transformed from a common-looking adolescent ____ a pretty young woman.
In the past 20 years the country _____________________ (transform) into an advanced industrial power.
答案：into；has been transformed
9.defend 防御，保护，保卫
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
defend...from/against 保护……免于
defend sb./sth. 为某人/某事辩解
in defence of 为了保卫……
【词性拓展】
defence n.防御，保护
defensive adj.防御的，保护的；
【即时训练】
____________ (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
Over the past decades, sea ice has been __________ the decrease in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
答案：To decrease；on
10.discourage v.阻止，劝阻；使泄气，使灰心；
discourage doing sth. 劝阻做某事
discourage sb. from doing sth. 劝阻某人做某事
【词性拓展】
discouraged adj.灰心的
discouraging adj.令人丧失信心的
discouragement n.泄气，灰心；
11.trace v.追溯，追究；找到，追踪；n.痕迹，踪迹（=track）
trace back to 追溯到……（=date back to）
trace...back to... 把……追溯到……
over one's trace 隐匿某人的行踪
12.gifted adj.有天才的，有天赋的；具有（令人愉快的东西）；
be gifted at/in 在……方面有天赋
be gifted with 具有……
have a gift for 对……有天赋（=have a talent for）
【词性拓展】
gift n.天赋，礼物
【即时训练】
①He was gifted/talented ______ music.
=He has a gift /talent for music.
②Man is the only creature that is gifted ___________ speech.
答案：in/at；with