北京市丰台区2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题（含解析）
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2024-2025学年北京市丰台区高二上学期11月期中英语试题
考试时间：90分钟
笔试（共三部分100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Back in 2008, I was teaching Concepts of Fitness in a high school. At the end of one class, I chatted with David Gale, a senior high jumper, about how to improve his ____1____ and how motivation played an important role in one’s achievement. He, out of the blue, asked me what would happen if he broke the school record.
Not ____2____ of his passion and determination, I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom. He was very excited and suggested that I go purchase the paint.
Nothing more was mentioned about the ____3____ until two weeks later, the young warrior ran into the classroom with a huge smile on his face. “I did it! I broke the record!” he shouted as I was still gathering information to ____4____ what I had promised him. I joined in with the high-fives and fist bumps ____5____ him.
The next day, it was done! G-A-L-E. Huge blue letters with white edges, the school colors. I could see his excitement even surpassed the success itself. Actually, his coach said the wall was part of the ____6____ to break the record.
What happened next was totally amazing. Many students, even from other classes, saw the name on the wall and ____7____ how they, too, could be considered for the wall. With the enormous ____8____, I had to add more names to the wall, and more than 100 names appeared there in the following 10 years.
Many folks admitted they would not have ____9____ what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward. More importantly, all those who stepped far beyond their comfort zone helped set the ____10____ higher.
1. A. health B. performance C. talent D. knowledge
2. A. proud B. afraid C. certain D. fond
3. A. promise B. record C. suggestion D. news
4. A. describe B. recall C. explain D. picture
5. A. encouraging B. admiring C. congratulating D. greeting
6 A. excitement B. confidence C. creativity D. motivation
7. A. inquired B. expected C. insisted D. doubted
8. A. effort B. experience C. stress D. response
9. A. adjusted B. achieved C. examined D. displayed
10. A. pace B. stage C. bar D. tone
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
语法填空
When I lived in Boston, I taught English as a second language to adult students from around the world. On the last day, they____11____ (throw) a nice party. I was amazed they had learned enough English to organize such an event altogether. At the end of the party, they proudly handed me a gift box. After the box was opened, I____12____ (gentle) lifted a beautiful coat from it. “We went shopping for a new coat!” they all shouted____13____wonderfully perfect English.
B
语法填空
In early November in 2023, a diver, ____14____ (swim) off the coast of Sardinia, noticed pieces of metal on the ocean floor. He called the authorities and more divers ____15____ (send) to look. The pieces turned out to be ancient Roman coins. The coins mostly lay buried in sand and seagrass not far from the coast. It is said that more than 30, 000 coins have been found, ____16____ are close to 2, 000 years old. Experts call this a major historical ____17____ (discover).
C
语法填空
ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools ____18____ (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about ____19____ it’s to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a cheating tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of educators say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic ____20____ (cause) by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dear Colleague,
I am writing with information about BAC University Summer Term’s four exciting programs for high school students. These programs provide the opportunity to study at a world-renowned university, strengthen English-language skills and enjoy summer in Boston. Here is a brief overview of our programs:
High School Honors is a six-week residential or online program in which students take BAC University undergraduate courses and earn up to 8 transferable college credits. Students must be entering Grades 10-12 in fall 2024.
Academic Immersion (AIM) is a three-week non-credit residential program for students to focus intensively on a single academic topic. This summer we are offering three AIM tracks: Introduction to Experimental Psychology, Introduction to Medicine, and Creative Writing. All three tracks combine classroom work with hands-on experiential learning activities. Students must be entering Grade 11 or Grade 12 in fall 2024.
Summer Challenge is a two-week residential or online program in which students take two non-credit seminars of their choice and experience college life. Students must be entering Grade 12 in fall 2024.
Summer Preview is a one-week non-credit residential program in which students explore one subject of interest while previewing the college experience. Students must be entering Grade 9 or Grade10 in fall 2024.
Our Summer Term’s programs provide students with rigorous and collaborative college life experiences that enable them to gain a strong sense of their personal and academic potential. Every year, our students form strong friendships as they undertake challenging coursework and participate in social events.
I have enclosed a poster and a program brochure. I hope you will share this information with your students. Please feel free to contact us via email at summerhs@bac.edu if you have any questions about our programs.
Warmly,
Amanda Nelson
Associate Director
BAC University Summer Term
21. A Grade 11 student in fall 2024 who prefers online programs could choose ________.
A. High School Honors B. Academic Immersion C. Summer Challenge D. Summer Preview
22. According to the passage, students can ________.
A. get at least 8 transferable credits in High School Honors
B. gain both knowledge and practical experience in AIM
C. earn credits from the courses in Summer Challenge
D. engage in in-depth research in Summer Preview
23. What’s Amanda Nelson’s purpose in writing the letter
A. To evaluate a summer camp. B. To promote pre-college programs.
C. To recommend university courses. D. To introduce college learning projects.
B
Mark Brown, 57, had been making films for 30 years, but he found himself feeling tired of it. “I thought, things can only go downhill.” Brown knew he needed to do something else — but what A few years earlier, he had bought his childhood house and moved in. While Brown wondered about a second care er in gardening, he heard a different internal voice. “That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out.
There was a great oak tree near his home. It had stood out to his young self as a “fantastical giant — a treasure home to birds, insects and animals. There was a cave inside. We used to squeeze in through this hole.” He decided to lock himself away for two months to draw it in all its glorious detail.
“While I was drawing,” he said, “there came moments when it was as though the tree was drawing itself. I had spent so much time playing in it. I could feel it. It was deep inside me.” His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows.” Brown became a tree portraitist.
Over the next few years, he travelled across Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help of the Ancient Tree Forum, the Tree Council and the Woodland Trust. Brown has started work on a 20-drawing series of Britain’s most important ash trees. “These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.”
Drawing is not only an act of care and a demand for preservation, but it “gives me that interface between my passion for the natural world and my creativity,” Brown says. It has also given him a different perspective on the passage of time. “I’m an old man yet I’m only 71, and some of the trees I’ve drawn are 1,000 years old. When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.”
24. At the age of 57, Brown ______.
A. moved into his old house B. awakened a childhood interest
C. reached the peak of his life D. developed a passion for gardening
25. What can we learn about the oak tree and Brown
A. It helped him start a new career. B. It linked him with the world.
C. He built a tree house in it. D. He studied creatures in it.
26. What is Brown working on
A. Setting up tree organizations. B. Looking for cures for tree diseases.
C. Drawing to call for protection for trees. D. Travelling to select important trees in Britain.
27. When Brown is with trees, he feels that ______.
A. time is endless B. human life is temporary
C. nature is dynamic D. life-long learning is crucial
C
When we’re solving a complicated problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. We’re looking to get the best ideas as quickly as possible. I love seeing it happen — except for one tiny wrinkle. Group brainstorming usually backfires.
Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we’re unlikely to maximize collective intelligence. As the humourist John Smith said, “If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.” But the problem isn’t meetings themselves — it’s how we run them.
Think about the brainstorming sessions you’ve attended. You’ve probably seen people bite their tongues due to ego threat (“I don’t want to look stupid.”), noise (“We can’t all talk at once.”), and conformity pressure (“Let’s all jump on the boss’s ship!”). Goodbye diversity of thought, hello groupthink.
To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. The initial steps are solo. You start by asking everyone to generate ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share them among the group. To preserve independent judgment, each member evaluates them on their own. Only then does the team come together to select and refine the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing them, teams can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.
Research by organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. They find that a key to collective intelligence is full and fair participation. In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become lopsided in favour of the biggest egos, the loudest voices, and the most powerful people. The brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table and all voice s are brought into the conversation. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room — it’s to make the room smarter.
Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity But it doesn’t end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means that they come up with more brilliant ideas than groups — but also more terrible ideas than groups. It takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring the best ideas to fruition.
28. Both John Smith and the author may agree that brainstorming meetings fail to ______.
A assess humans potential B. simplify problems quickly
C. accept possible good ideas D. get the most out of individuals
29. What does the underlined word “lopsided” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean
A. Informal. B. Unbalanced. C. Improper. D. Unpleasant.
30. The author writes this passage mainly to ______.
A. challenge a conclusion B. make a comparison
C. advocate a practice D. introduce a research
D
Climate experts are having a debate: they are asking whether the UK should focus more on adapting to climate change or trying to prevent it.
David Frost holds that preventing climate change is no longer an option, given the extent to which the Earth now appears certain to heat up. Despite the many policies which attempt to stop climate change, it now seems unavoidable that the world will pass the 1.5℃ or 2℃ increases in average global temperature that are likely to induce large changes in the climate.
David Frost is right in that our economies are growing so much slower than we had anticipated. Our emissions can drop if we reduce emissions per unit of GDP we create—but they can also drop if the GDP is lower. Lower growth means it is more feasible (可行的) for us to achieve targets such as Net Zero, but it also makes it less environmentally urgent to achieve those targets so soon, because we are and have been emitting a lot less carbon than we had anticipated.
The UK authority finds the debate about adaptation difficult. Partly, it is because some activists claim that adaptation is not feasible. They say that climate change will end human civilization, potentially leading to the entire extinction of the human race.
However, the mainstream view of many scientists and economists, who work on climate change, is that global warming could lead to large changes in our environment. Significant parts of the world currently heavily populated could become effectively uninhabitable while other parts currently unsuitable for high-density human habitation would become more habitable. Meanwhile, at higher temperatures both climate and weather are likely to become more volatile—including increased frequency of storms, flooding and other weather events.
These would be significant changes, but it would be perfectly feasible for humans to adapt to them. The issue is not whether adapting would be technically feasible, but whether it would be desirable either in ethical or practical terms. Are we willing to accept a materially warmer world, with humans living in different parts of it Are we willing to accept the possible extinctions of certain species and the greater flourishing of those currently less successful and of new species yet to evolve Are we willing to accept the consequences of a large shift in the patterns of human habitation across the world
It is by no means clear on what basis we ought to ethnically privilege the plants and animals that flourish under today’s climate over those that would flourish under a warmer, more volatile climate. However, adaptation will be feasible and is a necessity given the extent to which warming is now unavoidable. Slower GDP growth and thus slower climate change ought to make greater efforts at adaptation more attractive.
31. According to the passage, who hesitate(s) to adapt to the climate change
A. The government. B. Climate experts.
C. David Frost. D. The activists.
32. The underlined word “volatile” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A. changeable B. predictable C. bearable D. noticeable
33. The questions in Paragraph 6 are mainly aimed at __________.
A expressing doubts about people’s adaptability
B. presenting examples of future climate patterns
C. highlighting the consequences of human activities
D. helping people decide on their openness to adaptation
34. Which of the following might the author agree with
A. Slowing climate change deserves great efforts.
B. Global warming is preventable to some extent.
C. Adaptation to climate change is beyond question.
D. Protection of the current species should be prioritized.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We humans are comparison creatures. ____35____ This quality may have evolved as a means of helping us fit into the social hierarchy (等级) of the cultures we inhabited. Regardless of the reasons, social comparison plays a significant role in how we view and evaluate ourselves, and how we interact with our world.
It used to be that our primary reference of comparison was our local communities, primarily neighbors and co-workers. Because we tend to gather around those similar to ourselves in terms of educational level, work income, and shared interests, the range of differences when we compared ourselves to others was fairly small. Unfortunately, with the emergence of the Internet, we can now compare ourselves to literally anyone in the world. ____36____ What had in previous generations been a small gap in our comparisons has now become so large and unattainable.
____37____ When so many people that are easily discoverable on the Internet seem to be so successful. famous, influential and beautiful, given our preference to compare, it is difficult not to have it influence how we view ourselves. Sadly, these comparisons usually result in our feeling inadequate and “less than”.
These harmful comparisons also damage our emotional lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety of unpleasant and unhealthy emotions. We feel jealousy and envy for what others have and what we lack. ____38____
It’s one thing to realize that you compare yourself to others. It’s another thing to recognize that social comparison is often corrosive (逐步侵蚀的) to you in so many ways psychologically and emotionally. It’s an entirely other thing to stop yourself from comparing yourself to others. ____39____
A. We are constantly measuring ourselves against other people.
B. Yet it is possible, and it is worth the effort for your mental health.
C. Thus, we are now exposed to groups that are quite different from us.
D. We believe that there is something wrong with us compared to others.
E. We can even feel bitterness and anger at others for the unfairness of it all.
F. Comparing ourselves to others has the potential to increase our life experience.
G. This new level of comparison has huge implications for our psychological lives.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共10小题；共 10 分）
阅读下面文段，在设空处填入恰当的词。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
40. The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. Mr. Jenkins made me feel that I had my own ________. （根据句意单词拼写）
41. The thing about being a teacher is that you have ________ to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn. （根据句意单词拼写）
42. On the surface, I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I’m always ________. They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality, my mind is always a million miles away. （根据句意单词拼写）
43. A few days ago, I went out for a dinner get-together with some friends. Some spent the dinner bent over their phones, texting friends online but ________ the ones who sat right in front of them. （根据句意单词拼写）
44. For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a ________ of success and they set this as their ultimate goal.（根据句意单词拼写）
45. I am living according to my values. Success is not ________ by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. （根据句意单词拼写）
46. Can this be overdone Absolutely. But if your dream is to be the best and reach the winner’s platform, you had better be totally ________ to your sport. （根据句意单词拼写）
47. In fact, over 90 percent of all species that ever lived are now ________. In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended. （根据句意单词拼写）
48. There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out: air and water pollution, forests being ________, factory farming and overfishing. （根据句意单词拼写）
49. We need to take steps to save ________ species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected. （根据句意单词拼写）
第二节 （共2小题；第50题3分，第51题5分，共8分）
阅读下面文段，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Smartphones have become a big part of people’s lives. When we temporarily can’t find them, it causes a feeling of anxiety or panic. Some psychologists have called it “nomophobia”. Thankfully, I rode through the withdrawal of my smartphone and it was short-lived.
When I got my first smartphone over a decade ago, I loved it. It gave me instant access to my music, a world of information and thousands of photos and videos. But over time, I became increasingly ambivalent about its role in my life. I would repeatedly refresh my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need and constantly scroll through the latest news. I’d often complain to my husband and to my seven-year-old son, Louis, that I felt trapped by it.
Then, one day last summer, while I was playing with Louis, I was once again distracted by dings and pings. He finally reminded me of my complaints, but rephrased them as a plea: “Mommy, just give it up already!”
I decided to try. Instead of going cold turkey—no cellphone at all—I bought a flip phone. With no touch screen, texting is time-consuming. Once, while trying to catch up on texts with a friend, I finally got frustrated and called her. I realized I hadn’t spoken to her since her big move. It made a difference to hear both the excitement in her voice as she described seeing the northern lights and her sadness in being away from a sick parent.
Nowadays, people may prefer text-based communication over using the phone because they fear that the call will be awkward. But, just as I learned, when we were forced to connect voice to voice, we would find ourselves more bonded to that person.
Wuyou Sui, an expert researching digital health, describes nomophobia as a reliance that’s been placed upon us. “Whenever something is designed to make a choice easier, it’s called a behavioural nudge,” he explains, adding that the more central to our lives the smartphone’s functions are, the more prisoned we become.
Ultimately, though, that sense of dependence is false. As I’ve found, you can do all the things you need to do in other ways. It’s not always convenient, but I know I’m much calmer on a regular basis without my smartphone.
50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
According to the author, we will find it awkward to talk with a friend on the phone.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
51. Apart from the ways mentioned in the passage, what can you do to avoid “nomophobia” (In about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
第三节（14分）
52. 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。你校将要举办主题“Beat Plastic Pollution”环境保护活动，请你给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 介绍活动的相关信息；
2. 邀请对方来参加。
注意： 1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C
1题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一节课结束时，我与一位高级跳高运动员大卫·盖尔（David Gale）聊了聊如何提高他的表现并且聊了动机如何在一个人的成就中发挥重要作用。A. health健康；B. performance表演；表现；C. talent天赋；D. knowledge知识。由上文“Back in 2008, I was teaching Concepts of Fitness in a high school.”可知，作者在一所高中教健身概念，应该是和这位高级跳高运动员讨论如何提高他的表现。故选B。
【2题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不确定他的热情和决心，停顿了一会儿，但随后答应我会把他的名字写在我们教室的墙上。A. proud骄傲的；B. afraid害怕的；C. certain确定的；D. fond喜欢的。由下文“I paused for a moment,”可知，作者停顿了一会是因为不确定这名学生想打破学校记录的这种热情和决心有多大，故选C。
【3题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于这个承诺，没有再多说什么，直到两周后，这位年轻的战士脸上带着灿烂的笑容跑进了教室。A. promise承诺；B. record记录；C. suggestion建议；D. news新闻。上文“I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom”提到作者答应将David Gale的名字写在墙上，由此可知，此处指关于这个承诺，没有再多说什么，promise是同词复现，故选A。
【4题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我做到了！我打破了纪录！”当我仍在收集信息以回忆我对他的承诺时，他喊道。A. describe描写；B. recall回想；C. explain解释；D. picture设想。第二段中“I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom.”提到之前作者答应这名学生如果他打破了学校记录作者会把他的名字写在墙上，所以当他说自己打破记录时，作者在回想自己对他说过的这一承诺，故选B。
【5题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和他一起击掌庆祝。A. encouraging鼓励；B. admiring钦佩；C. congratulating祝贺；D. greeting打招呼。由上文““I did it! I broke the record!””和“I joined in with the high-fives and fist bumps”可知，当David Gale说自己打破学校记录时，作者和他击掌祝贺他打破记录，故选C。
【6题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他的教练说，这面墙是打破纪录的动力之一。A. excitement兴奋；B. confidence自信；C. creativity创造力；D. motivation动机。由第一段提到的“how motivation played an important role in one’s achievement”和下文“Many folks admitted they would not have_________what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward.”可知，这面墙给了很多人鼓励，是他们取得成功的动力，由此可知，此处指这面墙是David Gale打破学校记录的动力之一，故选D。
【7题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多学生，甚至是其他班级的学生，看到墙上的名字，询问如何也可以考虑将他们列入墙上。A. inquired询问；B. expected期待；C. insisted坚持；D. doubted怀疑。由上文“Many students, even from other classes, saw the name on the wall”可知，其他班级的学生看到墙上的姓名后，询问该如何能将自己的名词也写在墙上，故选A。
【8题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于反响巨大，我不得不在墙上添加更多的名字，在接下来的十年里，墙上出现了100多个名字。A. fort堡垒；B. experience经验；C. stress压力；D. response回复；反响。由下文“I had to add more names to the wall, and more than 100 names appeared there in the following 10 years.”可知，墙上有了更多名字，这说明更多人愿意将自己的名字写在墙上，即这件事反响很大，故选D。
【9题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人承认，如果没有这面墙作为奖励，他们就不会取得今天的成就。A. adjusted调整；B. achieved实现；C. examined检查；D. displayed展示。由下文“what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward”和上文提到的David Gale了打破学校记录后作者将他的名字写在墙上，由此可知，取得成就的人可以将名字写在墙上，故此处指没有这面墙作为奖励，那些名字写在墙上的人就不会取得今天的成就，故选B。
【10题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，所有走出舒适区的人都提高了标准。A. pace步伐；B. stage舞台；C. bar酒吧，障碍，限制；D. tone语气。由上文“More importantly, all those who stepped far beyond their comfort zone helped set the”以及上文提到的许多人以这面墙作为奖励，取得了很多成就可知，这些取得成就的人走出舒适区，设立了更高的标准，取得了成就，set the bar固定搭配，意为“设定标准或期望”，故选C。
11. threw
12. gently 13. in
【11题】
考查动词时态。句意：在最后一天，他们举办了一个不错的聚会。此处为谓语动词的填入，结合上文时态以及该句中的时间状语On the last day可知，此处为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填threw。
【12题】
考查副词。句意：盒子打开后，我轻轻地从里面拿出一件漂亮的外套。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词gently作状语修饰动词lifted，满足句意要求。故填gently。
【13题】
考查介词。句意：“我们去买一件新外套！”他们用非常完美的英语喊道。此处为固定短语in English“用英语说”，所以为介词in的填入。故填in。
14. swimming
15. were sent
16. which 17. discovery
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名潜水员在撒丁岛海岸附近游泳时发现了数量巨大的古代硬币。
【14题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年11月初，一名潜水员在撒丁岛海岸附近游泳时，注意到海底有金属碎片。句子谓语为noticed，所以此处为非谓语动词。动词swim和其逻辑主语a diver之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填swimming。
【15题】
考查时态语态。句意：他打电话给当局，更多的潜水员被派去查看。此处为并列句的谓语动词。根据前文called可知，此处用一般过去时。主语divers是复数，与谓语动词send之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were sent。
【16题】
考查定语从句。句意：据说已经发现了3万多枚硬币，都有近2000年的历史。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词coins，指物，并在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
【17题】
考查名词。句意：专家称这是一个重大的历史发现。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处用可数名词discovery的单数形式。故填discovery。
18. have banned
19. how 20. caused
【18题】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一些学校自其诞生以来就禁止它。根据句中的“since its birth”可知，谓语动词ban使用现在完成时，主语“some schools”为复数意义，谓语用复数形式。故填have banned。
【19题】
考查宾语从句。句意：他们需要时间来制定规则，规定如何在课堂上正确使用。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少“如何”这一含义，因此使用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。
【20题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的教育工作者表示，对人工智能的恐慌很像互联网刚出现时引起的恐慌。此处为非谓语动词，动词cause与其逻辑主语panic之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。
21. A 22. B 23. B
【21题】
细节理解题。根据第二段“High School Honors is a six-week residential or online program in which students take BAC University undergraduate courses and earn up to 8 transferable college credits.(高中荣誉课程是一个为期六周的住宿或在线课程，学生参加BAC大学的本科课程，并获得多达8个可转换的大学学分)”可知，2024年秋季，喜欢在线课程的11年级学生可以选择高中荣誉课程。故选A。
【22题】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This summer we are offering three AIM tracks: Introduction to Experimental Psychology, Introduction to Medicine, and Creative Writing. All three tracks combine classroom work with hands-on experiential learning activities.(今年夏天，我们提供三个AIM课程：实验心理学导论，医学导论和创意写作。所有三个轨道结合课堂工作与实践体验式学习活动)”可知，学生可以在AIM中获得知识和实践经验。故选B。
【23题】
推理判断题。根据第一段“I am writing with information about BAC University Summer Term’s four exciting programs for high school students. These programs provide the opportunity to study at a world-renowned university, strengthen English-language skills and enjoy summer in Boston.(我写信给你的是关于BAC大学夏季学期为高中生开设的四个令人兴奋的项目的信息。这些项目提供了在世界知名大学学习的机会，加强英语技能，并在波士顿享受夏天)”根据第二段“High School Honors is a six-week residential or online program in which students take BAC University undergraduate courses and earn up to 8 transferable college credits.(高中荣誉课程是一个为期六周的住宿或在线课程，学生参加BAC大学的本科课程，并获得多达8个可转换的大学学分)”结合文章是一封Amanda Nelson写给同学的信，信中介绍了BAC大学夏季学期为高中生开设的四个的项目的情况。可推知，阿曼达·纳尔逊写这封信的目的是推广大学预科课程。故选B。
24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B
【24题】
细节理解题。根据第一段““That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out.(“那个喜欢画画的孩子多年来一直对我耳语，”他说。他心中某种未被承认的渴望被激发出来了)”可知，57岁时，布朗唤醒了儿时的兴趣。故选B。
【25题】
推理判断题。根据第三段“His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows.” Brown became a tree portraitist.(他说，他的成品橡木拥有“真正的力量”。“当你走向它的时候，它就会越来越大。”布朗成为了一名树木肖像画家)”可知，橡树让布朗开始了新的职业生涯。故选A。
【26题】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.”(“这些美丽的老白蜡树对我们来说将会失去，”他说。“它们已经350岁了，由于我们传播的疾病，它们正在死去。”)”可知，布朗呼吁保护树木。故选C。
【27题】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.(当我和他们在一起，当我画他们的时候，我想到了我生命的终结，以及人类生命的短暂本质，在他们下面转瞬即逝)”可知，当布朗和树在一起时，他觉得人的生命是短暂的。故选B。
28. D 29. B 30. C
【28题】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we’re unlikely to maximize collective intelligence. As the humourist John Smith said, “If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.”(大量证据表明，当我们一起产生想法时，我们不太可能最大化集体智慧。正如幽默作家约翰·史密斯所说：“如果你必须用一个词来说明人类没有、也永远不会实现其全部潜力的原因，这个词就是：‘会议’。”)”可知，约翰·史密斯和作者可能都同意，头脑风暴会议不能最大限度地发挥个人的潜能。故选D。
【29题】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become lopsided in favour of the biggest egos, the loudest voices, and the most powerful people. (在头脑风暴会议中，参与很容易变得lopsided，有利于最自负、最响亮的声音和最有权势的人)”可知，头脑风暴会议中，参与者很容易倾向于最自负、声音最大和最有权势的人，即变得不平衡。故划线词意思是“不平衡的”。故选B。
【30题】
推理判断题。根据第四段“To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. (为了挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，我们最好不要进行头脑风暴，而是转向一种叫做“头脑写作”的过程)”以及倒数第二段“Research by organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. (组织行为学学者安妮塔·伍利及其同事的研究有助于解释这种方法为何有效)”结合文章主要说明了头脑风暴会议不能最大限度地发挥个人的潜能，建议通过“头脑写作”来挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，并说明了这一方法有效的原因。可推知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了提倡一种做法。故选C。
31. A 32. A 33. D 34. C
【31题】
细节理解题。根据2段的“David Frost holds that preventing climate change is no longer an option, given the extent to which the Earth now appears certain to heat up.(大卫·弗罗斯特(David Frost)认为，考虑到地球现在似乎肯定会变暖的程度，阻止气候变化不再是一种选择。) ”可以判断Frost是支持适应气候变化的，根据第4段“The UK authority finds the debate about adaptation difficult. Partly, it is because some activists claim that adaptation is not feasible. They say that climate change will end human civilization, potentially leading to the entire extinction of the human race.(英国当局发现，有关适应气候变化的辩论很困难。部分原因是一些活动人士声称适应气候变化是不可行的。他们说，气候变化将终结人类文明，有可能导致整个人类灭绝。)”可知英国当局对关于适应论的争论犯了难，即不知道该支持哪边，对是否去适应气候变化存疑。故选A。
【32题】
词义猜测题。根据第五段破折号后的“including increased frequency of storms, flooding and other weather events(包括暴风雨、洪水和其他天气事件的频率增加)”可知，风暴、洪水和其他天气事件发生的频率增加，由此可推测出，气候和天气可能变得更加多变。volatile意为“易变的”，与changeable意思最接近。故选A。
【33题】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The issue is not whether adapting would be technically feasible, but whether it would be desirable either in ethical or practical terms.(问题不在于适应在技术上是否可行，而在于从道德或实践角度来看是否可取。)”可知，从技术上来说适应气候变化是可行的，但问题是从道德或实践角度来看适应气候变化是否可取。接下来“Are we willing to accept a materially warmer world, with humans living in different parts of it Are we willing to accept the possible extinctions of certain species and the greater flourishing of those currently less successful and of new species yet to evolve Are we willing to accept the consequences of a large shift in the patterns of human habitation across the world (我们是否愿意接受一个实质上更温暖的世界，人类生活在这个世界的不同地方？我们是否愿意接受某些物种可能灭绝，以及那些目前不太成功的物种和尚未进化的新物种更加繁荣？我们是否愿意接受世界各地人类居住模式发生重大转变的后果？)”用提问的方式引发人们思考是否能接受气候变化带来的影响。由此可推测出，这些问题旨在帮助人们确定自己对适应的接受性。故选D。
【34题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, adaptation will be feasible and is a necessity given the extent to which warming is now unavoidable.(然而，考虑到气候变暖目前不可避免的程度，适应将是可行的，也是必要的。)”可知，作者认为气候变暖是不可避免的，所以适应是可行的和必要的，由此可推测出，作者认为适应气候变化是毋庸置疑的。故选C。
35. A 36. C 37. G 38. E 39. B
【35题】
根据上文“We humans are comparison creatures.(我们人类是比较动物)”以及后文“This quality may have evolved as a means of helping us fit into the social hierarchy (等级) of the cultures we inhabited.(这种品质可能是作为一种帮助我们融入我们所居住的文化的社会等级制度的手段而进化的)”可知，上文提到了人类是比较动物，且后文提到比较这种品质，可知本句主要对比较动物进行展开说明，说明人类爱和别人比较。故A选项“我们总是拿自己和别人比较”符合语境，故选A。
【36题】
根据上文“Unfortunately, with the emergence of the Internet, we can now compare ourselves to literally anyone in the world.(不幸的是，随着互联网的出现，我们现在可以将自己与世界上的任何人进行比较)”以及后文“What had in previous generations been a small gap in our comparisons has now become so large and unattainable.(在我们的比较中，前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，难以企及)”可知，上文提到了互联网让我们可以和世界上的任何人进行比较，且后文提到了前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，说明互联网导致比较的群体发生了变化，C选项“因此，我们现在接触到的群体与我们完全不同”符合语境，故选C。
【37题】
根据后文内容“When so many people that are easily discoverable on the Internet seem to be so successful. famous, influential and beautiful, given our preference to compare, it is difficult not to have it influence how we view ourselves. Sadly, these comparisons usually result in our feeling inadequate and “less than”.(当这么多在互联网上很容易被发现的人看起来很成功的时候。名气、影响力和美貌，考虑到我们喜欢攀比，很难不影响我们对自己的看法。可悲的是，这些比较通常会导致我们感觉不足和“不如”)”可知，后文提到了互联网的比较影响了我们对自己的看法，导致我们感觉不足和“不如”，说明这种比较对我们的心理产生了影响。故G选项“这种新的比较水平对我们的心理生活有着巨大的影响”符合语境，故选G。
【38题】
根据上文“These harmful comparisons also damage our emotional lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety of unpleasant and unhealthy emotions. We feel jealousy and envy for what others have and what we lack.(这些有害的比较也会损害我们的情感生活。当我们感到匮乏时，我们会经历各种不愉快和不健康的情绪。我们对别人所拥有的和我们所缺乏的感到嫉妒和羡慕)”可知，本段的主旨是有害的比较会损害情感生活，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，主要说明对别人的比较产生的一些负面情绪。故E选项“我们甚至会对别人的不公平感到痛苦和愤怒”符合语境，故选E。
【39题】
根据上文“It’s one thing to realize that you compare yourself to others. It’s another thing to recognize that social comparison is often corrosive (逐步侵蚀的) to you in so many ways psychologically and emotionally. It’s an entirely other thing to stop yourself from comparing yourself to others.(意识到你和别人比较是一回事。认识到社会比较通常在心理和情感上对你有多方面的腐蚀性是另一回事。阻止自己和别人比较完全是另一回事)”可知，上文提到了阻止自己和别人进行比较是另一回事，本句为本段最后一句，故说明阻止自己和别人比较所带来的影响，故B选项“但这是可能的，而且为了你的心理健康，这是值得的”符合语境，故选B。
40. The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. Mr. Jenkins made me feel that I had my own ________. （根据句意单词拼写）
strengths
考查名词。句意：问题是我对自己缺乏信心。詹金斯先生让我觉得我有自己的长处。根据句意可知，此处为复数名词strengths“长处，优势”作宾语，满足句意要求。故填strengths。
41. The thing about being a teacher is that you have ________ to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn. （根据句意单词拼写）
access
考查固定短语。句意：当一名老师关键在于，当孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时，你就能接触到他们的思想。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语have access to“具有使用某物或接触某人的权利或机会”，满足句意要求。故填access。
42. On the surface, I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I’m always ________. They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality, my mind is always a million miles away. （根据句意单词拼写）
distracted
考查形容词。句意：表面上看，我的社交生活很活跃。我参加聚会和运动，但我总是分心。他们说电话拉近了人与人之间的距离，但实际上，我的思想总是在千里之外。根据“my mind is always a million miles away”可知，此处指“但我总是分心”，使用形容词distracted“注意力分散的，思想不集中的”，作表语。故填distracted。
43. A few days ago, I went out for a dinner get-together with some friends. Some spent the dinner bent over their phones, texting friends online but ________ the ones who sat right in front of them. （根据句意单词拼写）
ignoring
考查非谓语动词。句意：几天前，我和一些朋友出去聚餐。一些人在晚餐时低头看手机，在网上给朋友发短信，却无视坐在他们面前的人。根据句意可知，此处为动词ignore“忽视”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，ignore和逻辑主语Some (指一些人)为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填ignoring。
44. For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a ________ of success and they set this as their ultimate goal.（根据句意单词拼写）
symbol
考查名词。句意：对于很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，他们把这作为他们的最终目标。根据句意可知，此处为名词symbol“象征”作表语，满足句意要求。故填symbol。
45. I am living according to my values. Success is not ________ by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. （根据句意单词拼写）
measured
考查语态。句意：我按照我的价值观生活。成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量的，而是看你如何理解生活的真谛。根据句意和首字母可知，空格处应填measure的某种形式作谓语，主语Success和measure之间是动宾关系，空格处和isn’t构成一般现在时的被动语态，应填过去分词形式。故填measured。
46. Can this be overdone Absolutely. But if your dream is to be the best and reach the winner’s platform, you had better be totally ________ to your sport. （根据句意单词拼写）
committed
考查形容词。句意：这可能有些过头了吗？绝对的。但如果你的梦想是成为最好的，登上冠军的讲台，你最好全身心地投入到你的运动中去。be totally committed to，意为“完全致力于”，填入形容词作表语。故填committed。
47. In fact, over 90 percent of all species that ever lived are now ________. In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended. （根据句意单词拼写）
extinct
考查形容词。句意：事实上，超过90%曾经存在过的物种现在都灭绝了。在过去的5亿年里，地球上有五次生命几乎灭绝。根据“In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended.”可知，此处指“超过90%曾经存在过的物种现在都灭绝了”，使用形容词extinct“灭绝的”，作表语，故填extinct。
48. There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out: air and water pollution, forests being ________, factory farming and overfishing. （根据句意单词拼写）
destroyed
考查非谓语。句意：许多物种灭绝的原因有很多：空气污染和水污染、森林被破坏、工厂化养殖和过度捕捞。根据句意和语法结构，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去分词形式，与前面的being构成被动语态，表示“森林被破坏”。结合上下文，为destroyed。故填destroyed。
49. We need to take steps to save ________ species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected. （根据句意单词拼写）
endangered
考查形容词。句意：我们需要采取措施拯救濒危物种，包括建立专门的动植物保护区。根据句意可知，此处为形容词endangered“濒临灭绝的”作定语修饰species，满足句意要求。故填endangered。
50. According to the author, we will find it awkward to talk with a friend on the phone.
According to the author, we will find ourselves more bonded to the friend when talking with him/her on the phone.
51. To avoid nomophobia, one can consider taking regular breaks from technology and engaging in offline activities. Besides, you can turn off your phone or leave it at home when you don’t need it, and focusing on the people and things around you.
【50题】
考查细节理解。根据第五段“Nowadays, people may prefer text-based communication over using the phone because they fear that the call will be awkward. But, just as I learned, when we were forced to connect voice to voice, we would find ourselves more bonded to that person.( 如今，人们可能更喜欢用短信交流而不是用电话，因为他们担心打电话会很尴尬。但是，正如我所了解到的，当我们被迫将声音与声音连接起来时，我们会发现自己与那个人的联系更紧密。)”可知，根据作者的说法，当我们被迫将声音与声音连接起来时，我们会发现自己与那个人的联系更紧密。由此可知，下列这项陈述中“we will find it awkward（我们会发现很尴尬）”这个部分是错误的。因为根据作者的说法，当我们和朋友打电话时，我们会发现自己和他/她更亲近。故是： According to the author, we will find it awkward to talk with a friend on the phone. According to the author, we will find ourselves more bonded to the friend when talking with him/her on the phone.
【51题】
考查开放性试题。根据文章大意以及题干中的问题可知，除了文中提到的方法，避免“无手机恐惧症”我们还可以考虑定期远离科技产品，参加线下活动。此外，当你不需要手机的时候，你可以关掉手机或把它放在家里，把注意力集中在你周围的人和事上。故是：To avoid nomophobia, one can consider taking regular breaks from technology and engaging in offline activities. Besides, you can turn off your phone or leave it at home when you don’t need it, and focusing on the people and things around you.
Dear Jim,
I am writing to you on behalf of the student council at our school, Red Star Middle School. As we are hosting a campaign called “Beat Plastic Pollution”, we are delighted to invite you to be part of this meaningful event.
The purpose of this campaign is to raise awareness of the negative impact of plastic pollution and its consequences on our planet. The activities planned for this day include displays, speeches and workshops. We would be delighted if you could join us in our awareness-raising mission.
We believe that events such as these are critical to ensuring a better future for our planet. We hope that you will be able to join us.
Yours,
Li Hua
考试时间：90分钟
笔试（共三部分100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Back in 2008, I was teaching Concepts of Fitness in a high school. At the end of one class, I chatted with David Gale, a senior high jumper, about how to improve his ____1____ and how motivation played an important role in one’s achievement. He, out of the blue, asked me what would happen if he broke the school record.
Not ____2____ of his passion and determination, I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom. He was very excited and suggested that I go purchase the paint.
Nothing more was mentioned about the ____3____ until two weeks later, the young warrior ran into the classroom with a huge smile on his face. “I did it! I broke the record!” he shouted as I was still gathering information to ____4____ what I had promised him. I joined in with the high-fives and fist bumps ____5____ him.
The next day, it was done! G-A-L-E. Huge blue letters with white edges, the school colors. I could see his excitement even surpassed the success itself. Actually, his coach said the wall was part of the ____6____ to break the record.
What happened next was totally amazing. Many students, even from other classes, saw the name on the wall and ____7____ how they, too, could be considered for the wall. With the enormous ____8____, I had to add more names to the wall, and more than 100 names appeared there in the following 10 years.
Many folks admitted they would not have ____9____ what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward. More importantly, all those who stepped far beyond their comfort zone helped set the ____10____ higher.
1. A. health B. performance C. talent D. knowledge
2. A. proud B. afraid C. certain D. fond
3. A. promise B. record C. suggestion D. news
4. A. describe B. recall C. explain D. picture
5. A. encouraging B. admiring C. congratulating D. greeting
6 A. excitement B. confidence C. creativity D. motivation
7. A. inquired B. expected C. insisted D. doubted
8. A. effort B. experience C. stress D. response
9. A. adjusted B. achieved C. examined D. displayed
10. A. pace B. stage C. bar D. tone
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
语法填空
When I lived in Boston, I taught English as a second language to adult students from around the world. On the last day, they____11____ (throw) a nice party. I was amazed they had learned enough English to organize such an event altogether. At the end of the party, they proudly handed me a gift box. After the box was opened, I____12____ (gentle) lifted a beautiful coat from it. “We went shopping for a new coat!” they all shouted____13____wonderfully perfect English.
B
语法填空
In early November in 2023, a diver, ____14____ (swim) off the coast of Sardinia, noticed pieces of metal on the ocean floor. He called the authorities and more divers ____15____ (send) to look. The pieces turned out to be ancient Roman coins. The coins mostly lay buried in sand and seagrass not far from the coast. It is said that more than 30, 000 coins have been found, ____16____ are close to 2, 000 years old. Experts call this a major historical ____17____ (discover).
C
语法填空
ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools ____18____ (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about ____19____ it’s to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a cheating tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of educators say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic ____20____ (cause) by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dear Colleague,
I am writing with information about BAC University Summer Term’s four exciting programs for high school students. These programs provide the opportunity to study at a world-renowned university, strengthen English-language skills and enjoy summer in Boston. Here is a brief overview of our programs:
High School Honors is a six-week residential or online program in which students take BAC University undergraduate courses and earn up to 8 transferable college credits. Students must be entering Grades 10-12 in fall 2024.
Academic Immersion (AIM) is a three-week non-credit residential program for students to focus intensively on a single academic topic. This summer we are offering three AIM tracks: Introduction to Experimental Psychology, Introduction to Medicine, and Creative Writing. All three tracks combine classroom work with hands-on experiential learning activities. Students must be entering Grade 11 or Grade 12 in fall 2024.
Summer Challenge is a two-week residential or online program in which students take two non-credit seminars of their choice and experience college life. Students must be entering Grade 12 in fall 2024.
Summer Preview is a one-week non-credit residential program in which students explore one subject of interest while previewing the college experience. Students must be entering Grade 9 or Grade10 in fall 2024.
Our Summer Term’s programs provide students with rigorous and collaborative college life experiences that enable them to gain a strong sense of their personal and academic potential. Every year, our students form strong friendships as they undertake challenging coursework and participate in social events.
I have enclosed a poster and a program brochure. I hope you will share this information with your students. Please feel free to contact us via email at summerhs@bac.edu if you have any questions about our programs.
Warmly,
Amanda Nelson
Associate Director
BAC University Summer Term
21. A Grade 11 student in fall 2024 who prefers online programs could choose ________.
A. High School Honors B. Academic Immersion C. Summer Challenge D. Summer Preview
22. According to the passage, students can ________.
A. get at least 8 transferable credits in High School Honors
B. gain both knowledge and practical experience in AIM
C. earn credits from the courses in Summer Challenge
D. engage in in-depth research in Summer Preview
23. What’s Amanda Nelson’s purpose in writing the letter
A. To evaluate a summer camp. B. To promote pre-college programs.
C. To recommend university courses. D. To introduce college learning projects.
B
Mark Brown, 57, had been making films for 30 years, but he found himself feeling tired of it. “I thought, things can only go downhill.” Brown knew he needed to do something else — but what A few years earlier, he had bought his childhood house and moved in. While Brown wondered about a second care er in gardening, he heard a different internal voice. “That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out.
There was a great oak tree near his home. It had stood out to his young self as a “fantastical giant — a treasure home to birds, insects and animals. There was a cave inside. We used to squeeze in through this hole.” He decided to lock himself away for two months to draw it in all its glorious detail.
“While I was drawing,” he said, “there came moments when it was as though the tree was drawing itself. I had spent so much time playing in it. I could feel it. It was deep inside me.” His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows.” Brown became a tree portraitist.
Over the next few years, he travelled across Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help of the Ancient Tree Forum, the Tree Council and the Woodland Trust. Brown has started work on a 20-drawing series of Britain’s most important ash trees. “These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.”
Drawing is not only an act of care and a demand for preservation, but it “gives me that interface between my passion for the natural world and my creativity,” Brown says. It has also given him a different perspective on the passage of time. “I’m an old man yet I’m only 71, and some of the trees I’ve drawn are 1,000 years old. When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.”
24. At the age of 57, Brown ______.
A. moved into his old house B. awakened a childhood interest
C. reached the peak of his life D. developed a passion for gardening
25. What can we learn about the oak tree and Brown
A. It helped him start a new career. B. It linked him with the world.
C. He built a tree house in it. D. He studied creatures in it.
26. What is Brown working on
A. Setting up tree organizations. B. Looking for cures for tree diseases.
C. Drawing to call for protection for trees. D. Travelling to select important trees in Britain.
27. When Brown is with trees, he feels that ______.
A. time is endless B. human life is temporary
C. nature is dynamic D. life-long learning is crucial
C
When we’re solving a complicated problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. We’re looking to get the best ideas as quickly as possible. I love seeing it happen — except for one tiny wrinkle. Group brainstorming usually backfires.
Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we’re unlikely to maximize collective intelligence. As the humourist John Smith said, “If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.” But the problem isn’t meetings themselves — it’s how we run them.
Think about the brainstorming sessions you’ve attended. You’ve probably seen people bite their tongues due to ego threat (“I don’t want to look stupid.”), noise (“We can’t all talk at once.”), and conformity pressure (“Let’s all jump on the boss’s ship!”). Goodbye diversity of thought, hello groupthink.
To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. The initial steps are solo. You start by asking everyone to generate ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share them among the group. To preserve independent judgment, each member evaluates them on their own. Only then does the team come together to select and refine the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing them, teams can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.
Research by organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. They find that a key to collective intelligence is full and fair participation. In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become lopsided in favour of the biggest egos, the loudest voices, and the most powerful people. The brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table and all voice s are brought into the conversation. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room — it’s to make the room smarter.
Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity But it doesn’t end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means that they come up with more brilliant ideas than groups — but also more terrible ideas than groups. It takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring the best ideas to fruition.
28. Both John Smith and the author may agree that brainstorming meetings fail to ______.
A assess humans potential B. simplify problems quickly
C. accept possible good ideas D. get the most out of individuals
29. What does the underlined word “lopsided” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean
A. Informal. B. Unbalanced. C. Improper. D. Unpleasant.
30. The author writes this passage mainly to ______.
A. challenge a conclusion B. make a comparison
C. advocate a practice D. introduce a research
D
Climate experts are having a debate: they are asking whether the UK should focus more on adapting to climate change or trying to prevent it.
David Frost holds that preventing climate change is no longer an option, given the extent to which the Earth now appears certain to heat up. Despite the many policies which attempt to stop climate change, it now seems unavoidable that the world will pass the 1.5℃ or 2℃ increases in average global temperature that are likely to induce large changes in the climate.
David Frost is right in that our economies are growing so much slower than we had anticipated. Our emissions can drop if we reduce emissions per unit of GDP we create—but they can also drop if the GDP is lower. Lower growth means it is more feasible (可行的) for us to achieve targets such as Net Zero, but it also makes it less environmentally urgent to achieve those targets so soon, because we are and have been emitting a lot less carbon than we had anticipated.
The UK authority finds the debate about adaptation difficult. Partly, it is because some activists claim that adaptation is not feasible. They say that climate change will end human civilization, potentially leading to the entire extinction of the human race.
However, the mainstream view of many scientists and economists, who work on climate change, is that global warming could lead to large changes in our environment. Significant parts of the world currently heavily populated could become effectively uninhabitable while other parts currently unsuitable for high-density human habitation would become more habitable. Meanwhile, at higher temperatures both climate and weather are likely to become more volatile—including increased frequency of storms, flooding and other weather events.
These would be significant changes, but it would be perfectly feasible for humans to adapt to them. The issue is not whether adapting would be technically feasible, but whether it would be desirable either in ethical or practical terms. Are we willing to accept a materially warmer world, with humans living in different parts of it Are we willing to accept the possible extinctions of certain species and the greater flourishing of those currently less successful and of new species yet to evolve Are we willing to accept the consequences of a large shift in the patterns of human habitation across the world
It is by no means clear on what basis we ought to ethnically privilege the plants and animals that flourish under today’s climate over those that would flourish under a warmer, more volatile climate. However, adaptation will be feasible and is a necessity given the extent to which warming is now unavoidable. Slower GDP growth and thus slower climate change ought to make greater efforts at adaptation more attractive.
31. According to the passage, who hesitate(s) to adapt to the climate change
A. The government. B. Climate experts.
C. David Frost. D. The activists.
32. The underlined word “volatile” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A. changeable B. predictable C. bearable D. noticeable
33. The questions in Paragraph 6 are mainly aimed at __________.
A expressing doubts about people’s adaptability
B. presenting examples of future climate patterns
C. highlighting the consequences of human activities
D. helping people decide on their openness to adaptation
34. Which of the following might the author agree with
A. Slowing climate change deserves great efforts.
B. Global warming is preventable to some extent.
C. Adaptation to climate change is beyond question.
D. Protection of the current species should be prioritized.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We humans are comparison creatures. ____35____ This quality may have evolved as a means of helping us fit into the social hierarchy (等级) of the cultures we inhabited. Regardless of the reasons, social comparison plays a significant role in how we view and evaluate ourselves, and how we interact with our world.
It used to be that our primary reference of comparison was our local communities, primarily neighbors and co-workers. Because we tend to gather around those similar to ourselves in terms of educational level, work income, and shared interests, the range of differences when we compared ourselves to others was fairly small. Unfortunately, with the emergence of the Internet, we can now compare ourselves to literally anyone in the world. ____36____ What had in previous generations been a small gap in our comparisons has now become so large and unattainable.
____37____ When so many people that are easily discoverable on the Internet seem to be so successful. famous, influential and beautiful, given our preference to compare, it is difficult not to have it influence how we view ourselves. Sadly, these comparisons usually result in our feeling inadequate and “less than”.
These harmful comparisons also damage our emotional lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety of unpleasant and unhealthy emotions. We feel jealousy and envy for what others have and what we lack. ____38____
It’s one thing to realize that you compare yourself to others. It’s another thing to recognize that social comparison is often corrosive (逐步侵蚀的) to you in so many ways psychologically and emotionally. It’s an entirely other thing to stop yourself from comparing yourself to others. ____39____
A. We are constantly measuring ourselves against other people.
B. Yet it is possible, and it is worth the effort for your mental health.
C. Thus, we are now exposed to groups that are quite different from us.
D. We believe that there is something wrong with us compared to others.
E. We can even feel bitterness and anger at others for the unfairness of it all.
F. Comparing ourselves to others has the potential to increase our life experience.
G. This new level of comparison has huge implications for our psychological lives.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共10小题；共 10 分）
阅读下面文段，在设空处填入恰当的词。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
40. The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. Mr. Jenkins made me feel that I had my own ________. （根据句意单词拼写）
41. The thing about being a teacher is that you have ________ to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn. （根据句意单词拼写）
42. On the surface, I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I’m always ________. They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality, my mind is always a million miles away. （根据句意单词拼写）
43. A few days ago, I went out for a dinner get-together with some friends. Some spent the dinner bent over their phones, texting friends online but ________ the ones who sat right in front of them. （根据句意单词拼写）
44. For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a ________ of success and they set this as their ultimate goal.（根据句意单词拼写）
45. I am living according to my values. Success is not ________ by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. （根据句意单词拼写）
46. Can this be overdone Absolutely. But if your dream is to be the best and reach the winner’s platform, you had better be totally ________ to your sport. （根据句意单词拼写）
47. In fact, over 90 percent of all species that ever lived are now ________. In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended. （根据句意单词拼写）
48. There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out: air and water pollution, forests being ________, factory farming and overfishing. （根据句意单词拼写）
49. We need to take steps to save ________ species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected. （根据句意单词拼写）
第二节 （共2小题；第50题3分，第51题5分，共8分）
阅读下面文段，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Smartphones have become a big part of people’s lives. When we temporarily can’t find them, it causes a feeling of anxiety or panic. Some psychologists have called it “nomophobia”. Thankfully, I rode through the withdrawal of my smartphone and it was short-lived.
When I got my first smartphone over a decade ago, I loved it. It gave me instant access to my music, a world of information and thousands of photos and videos. But over time, I became increasingly ambivalent about its role in my life. I would repeatedly refresh my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need and constantly scroll through the latest news. I’d often complain to my husband and to my seven-year-old son, Louis, that I felt trapped by it.
Then, one day last summer, while I was playing with Louis, I was once again distracted by dings and pings. He finally reminded me of my complaints, but rephrased them as a plea: “Mommy, just give it up already!”
I decided to try. Instead of going cold turkey—no cellphone at all—I bought a flip phone. With no touch screen, texting is time-consuming. Once, while trying to catch up on texts with a friend, I finally got frustrated and called her. I realized I hadn’t spoken to her since her big move. It made a difference to hear both the excitement in her voice as she described seeing the northern lights and her sadness in being away from a sick parent.
Nowadays, people may prefer text-based communication over using the phone because they fear that the call will be awkward. But, just as I learned, when we were forced to connect voice to voice, we would find ourselves more bonded to that person.
Wuyou Sui, an expert researching digital health, describes nomophobia as a reliance that’s been placed upon us. “Whenever something is designed to make a choice easier, it’s called a behavioural nudge,” he explains, adding that the more central to our lives the smartphone’s functions are, the more prisoned we become.
Ultimately, though, that sense of dependence is false. As I’ve found, you can do all the things you need to do in other ways. It’s not always convenient, but I know I’m much calmer on a regular basis without my smartphone.
50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
According to the author, we will find it awkward to talk with a friend on the phone.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
51. Apart from the ways mentioned in the passage, what can you do to avoid “nomophobia” (In about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
第三节（14分）
52. 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。你校将要举办主题“Beat Plastic Pollution”环境保护活动，请你给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 介绍活动的相关信息；
2. 邀请对方来参加。
注意： 1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C
1题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一节课结束时，我与一位高级跳高运动员大卫·盖尔（David Gale）聊了聊如何提高他的表现并且聊了动机如何在一个人的成就中发挥重要作用。A. health健康；B. performance表演；表现；C. talent天赋；D. knowledge知识。由上文“Back in 2008, I was teaching Concepts of Fitness in a high school.”可知，作者在一所高中教健身概念，应该是和这位高级跳高运动员讨论如何提高他的表现。故选B。
【2题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不确定他的热情和决心，停顿了一会儿，但随后答应我会把他的名字写在我们教室的墙上。A. proud骄傲的；B. afraid害怕的；C. certain确定的；D. fond喜欢的。由下文“I paused for a moment,”可知，作者停顿了一会是因为不确定这名学生想打破学校记录的这种热情和决心有多大，故选C。
【3题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于这个承诺，没有再多说什么，直到两周后，这位年轻的战士脸上带着灿烂的笑容跑进了教室。A. promise承诺；B. record记录；C. suggestion建议；D. news新闻。上文“I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom”提到作者答应将David Gale的名字写在墙上，由此可知，此处指关于这个承诺，没有再多说什么，promise是同词复现，故选A。
【4题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我做到了！我打破了纪录！”当我仍在收集信息以回忆我对他的承诺时，他喊道。A. describe描写；B. recall回想；C. explain解释；D. picture设想。第二段中“I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom.”提到之前作者答应这名学生如果他打破了学校记录作者会把他的名字写在墙上，所以当他说自己打破记录时，作者在回想自己对他说过的这一承诺，故选B。
【5题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和他一起击掌庆祝。A. encouraging鼓励；B. admiring钦佩；C. congratulating祝贺；D. greeting打招呼。由上文““I did it! I broke the record!””和“I joined in with the high-fives and fist bumps”可知，当David Gale说自己打破学校记录时，作者和他击掌祝贺他打破记录，故选C。
【6题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他的教练说，这面墙是打破纪录的动力之一。A. excitement兴奋；B. confidence自信；C. creativity创造力；D. motivation动机。由第一段提到的“how motivation played an important role in one’s achievement”和下文“Many folks admitted they would not have_________what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward.”可知，这面墙给了很多人鼓励，是他们取得成功的动力，由此可知，此处指这面墙是David Gale打破学校记录的动力之一，故选D。
【7题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多学生，甚至是其他班级的学生，看到墙上的名字，询问如何也可以考虑将他们列入墙上。A. inquired询问；B. expected期待；C. insisted坚持；D. doubted怀疑。由上文“Many students, even from other classes, saw the name on the wall”可知，其他班级的学生看到墙上的姓名后，询问该如何能将自己的名词也写在墙上，故选A。
【8题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于反响巨大，我不得不在墙上添加更多的名字，在接下来的十年里，墙上出现了100多个名字。A. fort堡垒；B. experience经验；C. stress压力；D. response回复；反响。由下文“I had to add more names to the wall, and more than 100 names appeared there in the following 10 years.”可知，墙上有了更多名字，这说明更多人愿意将自己的名字写在墙上，即这件事反响很大，故选D。
【9题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人承认，如果没有这面墙作为奖励，他们就不会取得今天的成就。A. adjusted调整；B. achieved实现；C. examined检查；D. displayed展示。由下文“what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward”和上文提到的David Gale了打破学校记录后作者将他的名字写在墙上，由此可知，取得成就的人可以将名字写在墙上，故此处指没有这面墙作为奖励，那些名字写在墙上的人就不会取得今天的成就，故选B。
【10题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，所有走出舒适区的人都提高了标准。A. pace步伐；B. stage舞台；C. bar酒吧，障碍，限制；D. tone语气。由上文“More importantly, all those who stepped far beyond their comfort zone helped set the”以及上文提到的许多人以这面墙作为奖励，取得了很多成就可知，这些取得成就的人走出舒适区，设立了更高的标准，取得了成就，set the bar固定搭配，意为“设定标准或期望”，故选C。
11. threw
12. gently 13. in
【11题】
考查动词时态。句意：在最后一天，他们举办了一个不错的聚会。此处为谓语动词的填入，结合上文时态以及该句中的时间状语On the last day可知，此处为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填threw。
【12题】
考查副词。句意：盒子打开后，我轻轻地从里面拿出一件漂亮的外套。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词gently作状语修饰动词lifted，满足句意要求。故填gently。
【13题】
考查介词。句意：“我们去买一件新外套！”他们用非常完美的英语喊道。此处为固定短语in English“用英语说”，所以为介词in的填入。故填in。
14. swimming
15. were sent
16. which 17. discovery
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名潜水员在撒丁岛海岸附近游泳时发现了数量巨大的古代硬币。
【14题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年11月初，一名潜水员在撒丁岛海岸附近游泳时，注意到海底有金属碎片。句子谓语为noticed，所以此处为非谓语动词。动词swim和其逻辑主语a diver之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填swimming。
【15题】
考查时态语态。句意：他打电话给当局，更多的潜水员被派去查看。此处为并列句的谓语动词。根据前文called可知，此处用一般过去时。主语divers是复数，与谓语动词send之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were sent。
【16题】
考查定语从句。句意：据说已经发现了3万多枚硬币，都有近2000年的历史。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词coins，指物，并在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
【17题】
考查名词。句意：专家称这是一个重大的历史发现。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处用可数名词discovery的单数形式。故填discovery。
18. have banned
19. how 20. caused
【18题】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一些学校自其诞生以来就禁止它。根据句中的“since its birth”可知，谓语动词ban使用现在完成时，主语“some schools”为复数意义，谓语用复数形式。故填have banned。
【19题】
考查宾语从句。句意：他们需要时间来制定规则，规定如何在课堂上正确使用。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少“如何”这一含义，因此使用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。
【20题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的教育工作者表示，对人工智能的恐慌很像互联网刚出现时引起的恐慌。此处为非谓语动词，动词cause与其逻辑主语panic之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。
21. A 22. B 23. B
【21题】
细节理解题。根据第二段“High School Honors is a six-week residential or online program in which students take BAC University undergraduate courses and earn up to 8 transferable college credits.(高中荣誉课程是一个为期六周的住宿或在线课程，学生参加BAC大学的本科课程，并获得多达8个可转换的大学学分)”可知，2024年秋季，喜欢在线课程的11年级学生可以选择高中荣誉课程。故选A。
【22题】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This summer we are offering three AIM tracks: Introduction to Experimental Psychology, Introduction to Medicine, and Creative Writing. All three tracks combine classroom work with hands-on experiential learning activities.(今年夏天，我们提供三个AIM课程：实验心理学导论，医学导论和创意写作。所有三个轨道结合课堂工作与实践体验式学习活动)”可知，学生可以在AIM中获得知识和实践经验。故选B。
【23题】
推理判断题。根据第一段“I am writing with information about BAC University Summer Term’s four exciting programs for high school students. These programs provide the opportunity to study at a world-renowned university, strengthen English-language skills and enjoy summer in Boston.(我写信给你的是关于BAC大学夏季学期为高中生开设的四个令人兴奋的项目的信息。这些项目提供了在世界知名大学学习的机会，加强英语技能，并在波士顿享受夏天)”根据第二段“High School Honors is a six-week residential or online program in which students take BAC University undergraduate courses and earn up to 8 transferable college credits.(高中荣誉课程是一个为期六周的住宿或在线课程，学生参加BAC大学的本科课程，并获得多达8个可转换的大学学分)”结合文章是一封Amanda Nelson写给同学的信，信中介绍了BAC大学夏季学期为高中生开设的四个的项目的情况。可推知，阿曼达·纳尔逊写这封信的目的是推广大学预科课程。故选B。
24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B
【24题】
细节理解题。根据第一段““That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out.(“那个喜欢画画的孩子多年来一直对我耳语，”他说。他心中某种未被承认的渴望被激发出来了)”可知，57岁时，布朗唤醒了儿时的兴趣。故选B。
【25题】
推理判断题。根据第三段“His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows.” Brown became a tree portraitist.(他说，他的成品橡木拥有“真正的力量”。“当你走向它的时候，它就会越来越大。”布朗成为了一名树木肖像画家)”可知，橡树让布朗开始了新的职业生涯。故选A。
【26题】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.”(“这些美丽的老白蜡树对我们来说将会失去，”他说。“它们已经350岁了，由于我们传播的疾病，它们正在死去。”)”可知，布朗呼吁保护树木。故选C。
【27题】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.(当我和他们在一起，当我画他们的时候，我想到了我生命的终结，以及人类生命的短暂本质，在他们下面转瞬即逝)”可知，当布朗和树在一起时，他觉得人的生命是短暂的。故选B。
28. D 29. B 30. C
【28题】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we’re unlikely to maximize collective intelligence. As the humourist John Smith said, “If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.”(大量证据表明，当我们一起产生想法时，我们不太可能最大化集体智慧。正如幽默作家约翰·史密斯所说：“如果你必须用一个词来说明人类没有、也永远不会实现其全部潜力的原因，这个词就是：‘会议’。”)”可知，约翰·史密斯和作者可能都同意，头脑风暴会议不能最大限度地发挥个人的潜能。故选D。
【29题】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become lopsided in favour of the biggest egos, the loudest voices, and the most powerful people. (在头脑风暴会议中，参与很容易变得lopsided，有利于最自负、最响亮的声音和最有权势的人)”可知，头脑风暴会议中，参与者很容易倾向于最自负、声音最大和最有权势的人，即变得不平衡。故划线词意思是“不平衡的”。故选B。
【30题】
推理判断题。根据第四段“To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. (为了挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，我们最好不要进行头脑风暴，而是转向一种叫做“头脑写作”的过程)”以及倒数第二段“Research by organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. (组织行为学学者安妮塔·伍利及其同事的研究有助于解释这种方法为何有效)”结合文章主要说明了头脑风暴会议不能最大限度地发挥个人的潜能，建议通过“头脑写作”来挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，并说明了这一方法有效的原因。可推知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了提倡一种做法。故选C。
31. A 32. A 33. D 34. C
【31题】
细节理解题。根据2段的“David Frost holds that preventing climate change is no longer an option, given the extent to which the Earth now appears certain to heat up.(大卫·弗罗斯特(David Frost)认为，考虑到地球现在似乎肯定会变暖的程度，阻止气候变化不再是一种选择。) ”可以判断Frost是支持适应气候变化的，根据第4段“The UK authority finds the debate about adaptation difficult. Partly, it is because some activists claim that adaptation is not feasible. They say that climate change will end human civilization, potentially leading to the entire extinction of the human race.(英国当局发现，有关适应气候变化的辩论很困难。部分原因是一些活动人士声称适应气候变化是不可行的。他们说，气候变化将终结人类文明，有可能导致整个人类灭绝。)”可知英国当局对关于适应论的争论犯了难，即不知道该支持哪边，对是否去适应气候变化存疑。故选A。
【32题】
词义猜测题。根据第五段破折号后的“including increased frequency of storms, flooding and other weather events(包括暴风雨、洪水和其他天气事件的频率增加)”可知，风暴、洪水和其他天气事件发生的频率增加，由此可推测出，气候和天气可能变得更加多变。volatile意为“易变的”，与changeable意思最接近。故选A。
【33题】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The issue is not whether adapting would be technically feasible, but whether it would be desirable either in ethical or practical terms.(问题不在于适应在技术上是否可行，而在于从道德或实践角度来看是否可取。)”可知，从技术上来说适应气候变化是可行的，但问题是从道德或实践角度来看适应气候变化是否可取。接下来“Are we willing to accept a materially warmer world, with humans living in different parts of it Are we willing to accept the possible extinctions of certain species and the greater flourishing of those currently less successful and of new species yet to evolve Are we willing to accept the consequences of a large shift in the patterns of human habitation across the world (我们是否愿意接受一个实质上更温暖的世界，人类生活在这个世界的不同地方？我们是否愿意接受某些物种可能灭绝，以及那些目前不太成功的物种和尚未进化的新物种更加繁荣？我们是否愿意接受世界各地人类居住模式发生重大转变的后果？)”用提问的方式引发人们思考是否能接受气候变化带来的影响。由此可推测出，这些问题旨在帮助人们确定自己对适应的接受性。故选D。
【34题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, adaptation will be feasible and is a necessity given the extent to which warming is now unavoidable.(然而，考虑到气候变暖目前不可避免的程度，适应将是可行的，也是必要的。)”可知，作者认为气候变暖是不可避免的，所以适应是可行的和必要的，由此可推测出，作者认为适应气候变化是毋庸置疑的。故选C。
35. A 36. C 37. G 38. E 39. B
【35题】
根据上文“We humans are comparison creatures.(我们人类是比较动物)”以及后文“This quality may have evolved as a means of helping us fit into the social hierarchy (等级) of the cultures we inhabited.(这种品质可能是作为一种帮助我们融入我们所居住的文化的社会等级制度的手段而进化的)”可知，上文提到了人类是比较动物，且后文提到比较这种品质，可知本句主要对比较动物进行展开说明，说明人类爱和别人比较。故A选项“我们总是拿自己和别人比较”符合语境，故选A。
【36题】
根据上文“Unfortunately, with the emergence of the Internet, we can now compare ourselves to literally anyone in the world.(不幸的是，随着互联网的出现，我们现在可以将自己与世界上的任何人进行比较)”以及后文“What had in previous generations been a small gap in our comparisons has now become so large and unattainable.(在我们的比较中，前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，难以企及)”可知，上文提到了互联网让我们可以和世界上的任何人进行比较，且后文提到了前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，说明互联网导致比较的群体发生了变化，C选项“因此，我们现在接触到的群体与我们完全不同”符合语境，故选C。
【37题】
根据后文内容“When so many people that are easily discoverable on the Internet seem to be so successful. famous, influential and beautiful, given our preference to compare, it is difficult not to have it influence how we view ourselves. Sadly, these comparisons usually result in our feeling inadequate and “less than”.(当这么多在互联网上很容易被发现的人看起来很成功的时候。名气、影响力和美貌，考虑到我们喜欢攀比，很难不影响我们对自己的看法。可悲的是，这些比较通常会导致我们感觉不足和“不如”)”可知，后文提到了互联网的比较影响了我们对自己的看法，导致我们感觉不足和“不如”，说明这种比较对我们的心理产生了影响。故G选项“这种新的比较水平对我们的心理生活有着巨大的影响”符合语境，故选G。
【38题】
根据上文“These harmful comparisons also damage our emotional lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety of unpleasant and unhealthy emotions. We feel jealousy and envy for what others have and what we lack.(这些有害的比较也会损害我们的情感生活。当我们感到匮乏时，我们会经历各种不愉快和不健康的情绪。我们对别人所拥有的和我们所缺乏的感到嫉妒和羡慕)”可知，本段的主旨是有害的比较会损害情感生活，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，主要说明对别人的比较产生的一些负面情绪。故E选项“我们甚至会对别人的不公平感到痛苦和愤怒”符合语境，故选E。
【39题】
根据上文“It’s one thing to realize that you compare yourself to others. It’s another thing to recognize that social comparison is often corrosive (逐步侵蚀的) to you in so many ways psychologically and emotionally. It’s an entirely other thing to stop yourself from comparing yourself to others.(意识到你和别人比较是一回事。认识到社会比较通常在心理和情感上对你有多方面的腐蚀性是另一回事。阻止自己和别人比较完全是另一回事)”可知，上文提到了阻止自己和别人进行比较是另一回事，本句为本段最后一句，故说明阻止自己和别人比较所带来的影响，故B选项“但这是可能的，而且为了你的心理健康，这是值得的”符合语境，故选B。
40. The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. Mr. Jenkins made me feel that I had my own ________. （根据句意单词拼写）
strengths
考查名词。句意：问题是我对自己缺乏信心。詹金斯先生让我觉得我有自己的长处。根据句意可知，此处为复数名词strengths“长处，优势”作宾语，满足句意要求。故填strengths。
41. The thing about being a teacher is that you have ________ to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn. （根据句意单词拼写）
access
考查固定短语。句意：当一名老师关键在于，当孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时，你就能接触到他们的思想。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语have access to“具有使用某物或接触某人的权利或机会”，满足句意要求。故填access。
42. On the surface, I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I’m always ________. They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality, my mind is always a million miles away. （根据句意单词拼写）
distracted
考查形容词。句意：表面上看，我的社交生活很活跃。我参加聚会和运动，但我总是分心。他们说电话拉近了人与人之间的距离，但实际上，我的思想总是在千里之外。根据“my mind is always a million miles away”可知，此处指“但我总是分心”，使用形容词distracted“注意力分散的，思想不集中的”，作表语。故填distracted。
43. A few days ago, I went out for a dinner get-together with some friends. Some spent the dinner bent over their phones, texting friends online but ________ the ones who sat right in front of them. （根据句意单词拼写）
ignoring
考查非谓语动词。句意：几天前，我和一些朋友出去聚餐。一些人在晚餐时低头看手机，在网上给朋友发短信，却无视坐在他们面前的人。根据句意可知，此处为动词ignore“忽视”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，ignore和逻辑主语Some (指一些人)为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填ignoring。
44. For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a ________ of success and they set this as their ultimate goal.（根据句意单词拼写）
symbol
考查名词。句意：对于很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，他们把这作为他们的最终目标。根据句意可知，此处为名词symbol“象征”作表语，满足句意要求。故填symbol。
45. I am living according to my values. Success is not ________ by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. （根据句意单词拼写）
measured
考查语态。句意：我按照我的价值观生活。成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量的，而是看你如何理解生活的真谛。根据句意和首字母可知，空格处应填measure的某种形式作谓语，主语Success和measure之间是动宾关系，空格处和isn’t构成一般现在时的被动语态，应填过去分词形式。故填measured。
46. Can this be overdone Absolutely. But if your dream is to be the best and reach the winner’s platform, you had better be totally ________ to your sport. （根据句意单词拼写）
committed
考查形容词。句意：这可能有些过头了吗？绝对的。但如果你的梦想是成为最好的，登上冠军的讲台，你最好全身心地投入到你的运动中去。be totally committed to，意为“完全致力于”，填入形容词作表语。故填committed。
47. In fact, over 90 percent of all species that ever lived are now ________. In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended. （根据句意单词拼写）
extinct
考查形容词。句意：事实上，超过90%曾经存在过的物种现在都灭绝了。在过去的5亿年里，地球上有五次生命几乎灭绝。根据“In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended.”可知，此处指“超过90%曾经存在过的物种现在都灭绝了”，使用形容词extinct“灭绝的”，作表语，故填extinct。
48. There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out: air and water pollution, forests being ________, factory farming and overfishing. （根据句意单词拼写）
destroyed
考查非谓语。句意：许多物种灭绝的原因有很多：空气污染和水污染、森林被破坏、工厂化养殖和过度捕捞。根据句意和语法结构，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去分词形式，与前面的being构成被动语态，表示“森林被破坏”。结合上下文，为destroyed。故填destroyed。
49. We need to take steps to save ________ species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected. （根据句意单词拼写）
endangered
考查形容词。句意：我们需要采取措施拯救濒危物种，包括建立专门的动植物保护区。根据句意可知，此处为形容词endangered“濒临灭绝的”作定语修饰species，满足句意要求。故填endangered。
50. According to the author, we will find it awkward to talk with a friend on the phone.
According to the author, we will find ourselves more bonded to the friend when talking with him/her on the phone.
51. To avoid nomophobia, one can consider taking regular breaks from technology and engaging in offline activities. Besides, you can turn off your phone or leave it at home when you don’t need it, and focusing on the people and things around you.
【50题】
考查细节理解。根据第五段“Nowadays, people may prefer text-based communication over using the phone because they fear that the call will be awkward. But, just as I learned, when we were forced to connect voice to voice, we would find ourselves more bonded to that person.( 如今，人们可能更喜欢用短信交流而不是用电话，因为他们担心打电话会很尴尬。但是，正如我所了解到的，当我们被迫将声音与声音连接起来时，我们会发现自己与那个人的联系更紧密。)”可知，根据作者的说法，当我们被迫将声音与声音连接起来时，我们会发现自己与那个人的联系更紧密。由此可知，下列这项陈述中“we will find it awkward（我们会发现很尴尬）”这个部分是错误的。因为根据作者的说法，当我们和朋友打电话时，我们会发现自己和他/她更亲近。故是： According to the author, we will find it awkward to talk with a friend on the phone. According to the author, we will find ourselves more bonded to the friend when talking with him/her on the phone.
【51题】
考查开放性试题。根据文章大意以及题干中的问题可知，除了文中提到的方法，避免“无手机恐惧症”我们还可以考虑定期远离科技产品，参加线下活动。此外，当你不需要手机的时候，你可以关掉手机或把它放在家里，把注意力集中在你周围的人和事上。故是：To avoid nomophobia, one can consider taking regular breaks from technology and engaging in offline activities. Besides, you can turn off your phone or leave it at home when you don’t need it, and focusing on the people and things around you.
Dear Jim,
I am writing to you on behalf of the student council at our school, Red Star Middle School. As we are hosting a campaign called “Beat Plastic Pollution”, we are delighted to invite you to be part of this meaningful event.
The purpose of this campaign is to raise awareness of the negative impact of plastic pollution and its consequences on our planet. The activities planned for this day include displays, speeches and workshops. We would be delighted if you could join us in our awareness-raising mission.
We believe that events such as these are critical to ensuring a better future for our planet. We hope that you will be able to join us.
Yours,
Li Hua
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