北京市丰台区怡海中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题（含解析）
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2024-2025学年北京市丰台区怡海中学高三上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题 1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Jennifer finds Cecelia reading a newspaper alone in the room. “Hi Cecelia do you___1___me Jennifer.” The 91-year-old resident at Newburgh elder care center says a friendly hello, but doesn’t seem to recognize Jennifer today.
It’s one nice spring afternoon. Jennifer invites Cecelia to go down to the___2___. She helps Cecelia head to the elevator. Cecelia wheels herself forward, as Jennifer___3___guides her from behind.
The two have been getting to know each other over the past few months since Jennifer, the recent Boston University graduate, began to volunteer in the center,___4___residents with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症).
Down in the courtyard, Cecelia begins reading a poem, slowly and lyrically (抒情地). Jennifer listens attentively, and then asks if Cecelia knows who wrote the poem，to help her with a “___5___stretch”. Together, they reflect on the poem’s meaning. Cecelia’s deep understanding of the poem suggests that she is such a___6___lady. Jennifer tells Cecelia, “You’re the one who makes me___7___coming here every week. I love learning from you. You’re like my teacher.”
“You give the old people a___8___to think and to know they get good care,” Cecelia replies.
Jennifer’s relationship with Cecelia has played an important role in___9___ her passion for looking after older generations. “We should take time to listen to them. Just listening is an act of_____10_____,” Jennifer says.
1. A. hear B. understand C. trust D. remember
2. A. courtyard B. center C. elevator D. room
3. A. bravely B. lightly C. gratefully D. immediately
4 A. relying on B. looking into C. appealing to D. caring for
5. A. hand B. leg C. brain D. back
6. A. frank B. wise C. modest D. humorous
7. A. look forward to B. pay attention to C. give in to D. object to
8. A. dream B. method C. chance D. plan
9. A. rediscovering B. exchanging C. consuming D. shaping
10. A. friendship B. kindness C. loyalty D. courage
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I was born with a pronounced facial problem. Because of that, I _____11_____ (undergo) many cruel comments since my childhood. One day, while shopping, I was approached by a woman I didn’t know. _______12_______ (stand) still, I was ready for a rude remark. But the lady smiled and said, “This gift card is for you, beautiful girl, so you can buy something special for ____13____ (you).” I am so thankful to that woman for reminding me beauty comes in all forms.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Research on the relationship between gratitude (感恩) and physical health is still exploring. The evidence of existing studies ____14____ (suggest) that there may be a connection. It appears that more grateful people report sleeping better and feeling ____15____ (healthy). Besides, gratitude may lead people to engage in behaviors that help keep them healthy, like not smoking. Now researchers still need to make it clear ____16____ gratitude is so good for our health.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Edward O. Wilson, the “modern-day Charles Darwin”, damaged his right eye when he ____17____(catch) a fish in the river near his home at seven. The poor eyesight only allowed him ____18____(observe) small creatures like ants. Interested in the selflessness of ants, ____19____ would sacrifice themselves for their colony(群体), Wilson developed a theory, confirming the existence of altruistic(利他的) ____20____ (behave) in a wide range of species. It made him influential as both a close observer and a pioneering theorist.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Best Gifts for Every Type of Mom
Do you want to reward Mom with New Year gifts Millions of products are offered online, but don’t get scared away. We have done the work for you by selecting best gift ideas for every type of mom. Just click “Add to cart” to shower Mom with love.
Dainty Earrings-Best for the Jewelry Lover
Made from sterling silver, the earrings are lightweight and perfect for everyday wear. They’re also ideal for anyone with sensitive ears. Among the 8,000 plus five-star reviewers, April Farmer confirm: this, saying, “Just about every material irritates (刺激) my ears, but I have had these in for three months now-and no irritation, no color changing, or fading of silver. I can’t even tell they are in!”
KS Lunch Bag-Best for the Working Mom
This in-disguise cooler bag will put a smile on mom’s face during lunch hour. With thousands of five-star reviewers, the fashionable and functional KS bag has an insulated lining (隔热的内衬) that helps keep food and beverages fresh, and an inside pocket that holds utensils. Plus, the soft, lightweight design makes it easy to bring anywhere.
Breville Express-Best for the Coffee Lover
Talk about a morning boost! If Mom is a true coffee lover, she’s dreamed of owning a high-end espresso machine. Now you can make that dream a reality. The Breville Express, which has more than 14,000 five-star reviews, comes in either black or stainless steel surfaces and offers the same dose-controlled grinding (研磨) that’s normally reserved for fancy coffee shops.
Beckham Pillows--Best for the One Who Needs a Good Night’s Sleep
She deserves a peaceful night’s rest after all the hard work she does every day, and she’ll get just that with these Beckham pillows. The set of two affordable cooling gel pillows is ideal for back, stomach and side sleepers. It offers much-needed temperature regulation that will keep her more comfortable than ever. It’s a best seller with more than 126,000 five-star reviews, so it’s pretty much a hit.
21. April Farmer’s review indicates that the Dainty Earrings are .
A. durable and fancy B. simple and unique
C. stylish and valuable D. light and skin-friendly
22. From the passage, we can know that .
A. Dainty Earrings are best for formal occasions
B. KS Lunch Bag is silver, portable and insulated
C. Breville Express features fine and quick grinding
D. Beckham Pillows suit different sleeping positions
23. Who is the passage intended for
A Agencies selling products to moms.
B. People seeking gifts for their moms.
C. Moms planning to reward themselves.
D. Salesmen studying moms’ preferences.
B
Influenced by her family, Xu started to learn the craft of making Chinese knots at home, but didn’t expect the pastime to change her life at first. Xu became a city-level inheritor of this provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009, and has been devoted to developing the craft since then.
As a fan of photography, she often took photos of dragonflies, butterflies and flowers around a lake not far from her home, then she made knots resembling them, and posted the photos on a website. That attracted the attention of some people.
As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.
“Showing Chinese culture through traditional Chinese crafts—that is the original aspiration for me as an inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage,” says Xu. She has made more than 3,000 designs, and even opened two offline branch stores. Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people’s needs in daily life,” says Xu.
Chen, an online follower, has been teaching how to make knots in the United Arab Emirates. “Influenced by Xu’s work, I learn the craft to cultivate my temperament, and I also teach children to better understand Chinese culture,” says Chen. “Chinese culture is popular in the UAE, and I often make some knots with Chinese elements for local people as gifts.”
Xu has also been generous in helping others. She taught this art to workers who lost their jobs in her hometown, allowing them to master a skill from which they could earn an income. Students and people with disabilities were also beneficiaries. Indeed, more than 20 people with disabilities now actually work for her.
Despite the success of her career, Xu says working on the craft has benefited her more in a spiritual way. “Tying knots requires concentration, and you must not be distracted during the process. It has trained me to deal with matters in a calm, peaceful and rational way,” says Xu. “I believe the life of one person is short, and you have the right to decide how to spend it.”
24. With the knowledge of design, Xu can ________.
A. post plenty of attractive photos on the website
B. draw the Peking Opera characters more vividly
C. make many creative knots related to Chinese culture
D. take many professional photos of animals and flowers
25. What can we learn about Xu
A. She plans to open more offline branch stores abroad.
B. She designs products with a focus on people’s everyday needs.
C. She is well-known for teaching how to make knots in the UAE.
D. She wants to help disabled students improve their concentration.
26. According to the passage, which of the following words can best describe Xu
A Honest and easy-going. B. Modest and strong-willed.
C. Humorous and hard-working. D. Innovative and kind-hearted.
27. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Traditional Chinese Crafts Go Global
B. Chinese Knot-making, a Skill Not to be Ignored
C. Traditional Chinese Culture Becomes Fashionable
D. Chinese Knot-making, a Chance for the Unemployed
C
Of the more than 3,000 species of mosquitoes in the world, just a small number specialize in sucking human blood. How mosquitoes track us down so effectively isn’t currently known, but it matters, since they carry dangerous diseases which may cause death.
“In fact, stopping these annoying insects in their tracks could save up to half a million lives lost to those diseases each year,” said Carolyn Gauff, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the Princeton Neuroscience Institute. That’s why Gauff’s team wants to understand how they find and target humans.
Mosquitoes mostly choose what to bite based on odor (气味). Knowing how a potentially disease-carrying mosquito finds a person, while ignoring other warm-blooded animals, is a key question. But it’s not easy to answer, since any animal smell is made up of hundreds of chemicals mixed together in specific percentage. “The actual chemicals that are found in human odor are basically the same as the chemicals found in animal odor—it’s the percentages and the relative large amount of those substances in human mixtures that’s unique,” said Gauff.
To investigate, researchers decided to record neural activity in the brain of mosquitoes while exposing them to natural human and animal odor samples. They collected odor samples from about 40 different animals. When they compared some of those with the 16 human samples, something jumped out. Decanal is particularly rich in human skin. Common in the natural world, in humans, decanal comes from another, more complex substance. When one component of our skin’s natural oils, sapienic acid, breaks down, decanal is left over. This acid is only found in human beings. It’s what likely leads to the high levels of decanal that help the mosquitoes smell their way to us.
Understanding what the mosquitoes are targeting is only part of the story; knowing how they do it is also important. To see exactly how mosquitoes use this sense, scientists used genetically modified (转基因的) mosquitoes so that they could cut open mosquitoes’ heads and watch neurons firing when they’re exposed to human and animal odors. The research team already knew that mosquitoes have about 60 different types of neurons that sense odors, so when they looked in the insects’ brains, they thought they might see a lot of activity. But it was surprisingly quiet, meaning that the signal was perhaps quite simple, down to just a couple types of neurons. “One type of neuron responded really strongly to both humans and animals. Another type of neuron responded to both—but it responded much more strongly to humans than animals,” Gauff said.
How to keep mosquitoes’ decanal signal from being transmitted will be the research team’s next focus. Gauff hoped their current work could be used to make mosquito killers and attractants to prevent disease.
28. What’s the final purpose of the research conducted by Gauff’s team
A To study why only certain mosquitoes suck human blood.
B. To investigate the neural activity in mosquitoes’ brains.
C. To help prevent deadly diseases caused by mosquitoes.
D. To test the effectiveness of mosquito killers.
29. To which substance(s) would mosquitoes mostly be attracted
A. Natural oil from human skin.
B. Chemicals in the environment.
C. Decanal generated in human blood.
D. Remains of decomposed sapienic acid.
30. What can we learn from the passage
A. Most mosquito neurons are not involved in responding to human odor.
B. Genetically modified mosquitoes are not sensitive to human odor.
C. Further research will focus on odor signal and neural connection.
D. Chemicals found in human and animal odors are quite different.
D
A few years ago, the City Council of Monza, Italy, barred pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls. The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality. Aside from the measure’s significance to the poor goldfish, the story raises an interesting philosophical question: How do we know that the reality we perceive is true
Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish’s. For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything—one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality. It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. This concept may be difficult for many people to accept. Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey (传达) information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism.
In physics, realism is becoming difficult to defend. Instead, the idea of alternative realities is a mainstay of today’s popular culture. For example, in the science-fiction film The Matrix the human race is unknowingly living in a simulated (模拟的) virtual reality created by intelligent computers. How do we know we are not just computer-generated characters living in a Matrix-like world If—like us—the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality.
Similarly, the goldfish’s view is not the same as ours from outside their curved bowl. For instance, because light bends as it travels from air to water, a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path. The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame (框架) of reference that would always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of objects outside the bowl. If the goldfish formed such a theory, we would have to admit the goldfish’s view as a reasonable picture of reality.
The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations. It is not the physicist’s traditional expectation for a theory of nature, nor does it correspond to our everyday idea of reality. But it might be the way of the universe.
31. What does the underlined word “distorted” in Paragraph most probably mean
A. Original. B. Accurate. C. Distant. D. False.
32. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A. The need for a complete theory. B. The lasting conflict in physics.
C. The existence of the material world. D. The conventional insight of reality.
33. What can we learn from the passage
A. Nature’s mysteries are best left undiscovered.
B. An external world is independent of the observers.
C. People’s theories are influenced by their viewpoints.
D. It is essential to figure out which picture of reality is better.
34. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________.
A. various interpretations of the universe are welcomed
B. physicists have a favorite candidate for the final theory
C. multiple realities can be pieced together to show the real world
D. there is still possibility to unify different theories into a single one
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An apology can achieve great things for both the givers and the receivers although nobody likes to admit that they were wrong.
An apology is crucial to our physical health. When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted. ____35____ Research showed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology.
Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally. ____36____ When presented with an apology, the victims may view us as imperfect human beings and find it easier to give forgiveness. In a powerful piece in Psychology Today, writer Beverly Engel described how a simple “I’m sorry” from her mother, after being estranged from each other for three years, made her relieved emotionally. But let’s be real, apologizing can be difficult.
____37____ We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. ____38____
Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people. ____39____ As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, the others, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for.
A. There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others.
B. It’s a way of showing the price we paid for the wronged action.
C. A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too.
D. But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology.
E. This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away.
F. Apologize for what you did rather than what other people might have thought about it.
G. It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节(共 4 小题;第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分,共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The other day I was having coffee and catching up with Brian, a friend I hadn’t seen in over a year, when he asked me this question: “Do you regret leaving Google ” “Of course, I don’t regret it,” I answered. But when I reflected more deeply on his question, I arrived at this realization: We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life.
Truth is, not every decision we make will be the right choice for us. I learned later that quitting my one and only source of income to start an e-commerce business from nothing was a recipe for financial disaster. No, that decision was not the right one at the time. Perhaps I should’ve followed the advice I give today: Build your business while working a full-time job so that you can work from a place of stability. But then again, I wouldn’t have learned such a valuable lesson had I not acted upon what was truly important to me at the time—the freedom of pursuing my own dream, on my own terms.
We regret what’s in the past and can’t be changed. We compare the choices we made yesterday to an ideal path that we think we should have taken—we simply imagine it to be a better path. What is worse is when stuck in regret, we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.
There’s a much better way to look at regret—a more mindful way—and it can be seen at a place where action, reflection, and gratitude meet.
So whenever you find yourself caught in regret, stop and ask yourself these two questions: “What have I learned from this And how have I grown because of it ” Perhaps you might just shift your viewpoint from that of being upset and regretful to being appreciative and grateful.
40. What did Brian’s question make the writer realize
___________________________________________________________
41. List the two words the author uses to describe the viewpoint people should take when facing regret.
___________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed.
___________________________________________________________
43. What has been your biggest regret during your high school life What have you learned from this (In about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________
第二节(20 分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校正在为高三毕业典礼征集活动方案。你有意参加，并对活动设计形成了一些想法。请你给英国好友Jim写一封邮件询问他的建议。内容包括：
1.介绍设计想法；
2.说明设计理由。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B
【1题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：嗨，塞西莉亚，你还记得我吗？我是詹妮弗。A. hear听；B. understand理解；C. trust相信；D.remember记得。根据下文“Jennifer”以及“but doesn’t seem to recognize Jennifer today.”可知，詹妮弗问塞西莉亚是否记得她。故选D项。
【2题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗邀请塞西莉亚到院子里去。A. courtyard庭院；B. center中心；C. elevator电梯；D. room房间。根据下文“Down in the courtyard”可知，詹妮弗邀请塞西莉亚到院子里去。故选A项。
【3题】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：塞西莉亚向前推进，詹妮弗轻轻地从后面引导她。A. bravely勇敢地；B. lightly 轻轻地；C. gratefully感激地；D. immediately立即。根据常识可知，塞西莉亚是个91岁的老人且坐着轮椅，所以要轻轻地引导她。 故选B项。
【4题】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最近几个月，波士顿大学毕业生詹妮弗开始在该中心做志愿者，照顾患有阿尔茨海默病的居民，这两人就开始相互了解。A. relying on依靠；B. looking into调查；C. appealing to呼吁；D. caring for照顾，关心。根据下文“they get good care”可知，波士顿大学毕业生詹妮弗开始在该中心做志愿者，照顾患有阿尔茨海默病的居民。故选D项。
【5题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗全神贯注地听着，然后问塞西莉亚是否知道这首诗是谁写的，以帮助她“脑洞大开”。A. hand手；B. leg腿；C. brain大脑；D. back后背。根据上文“asks if Cecelia knows who wrote the poem”以及下文“Together, they reflect on the poem’s meaning.”可知，然后问塞西莉亚是否知道这首诗是谁写的，以帮助她“脑洞大开”（恢复记忆）。故选C项。
【6题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：塞西莉亚对这首诗的深刻理解表明她是一位如此聪明的女士。A. frank坦率的；B. wise聪明的；C. modest谦虚的；D. humorous幽默的。根据上文“Cecelia’s deep understanding of the poem”可知，塞西莉亚对这首诗的深刻理解表明她是一位如此聪明的女士。故选B项。
【7题】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗告诉塞西莉亚：你是那个让我期待每周来到这里的人。A. look forward to期望；B. pay attention to注意 ；C. give in to屈服；D. object to反对。根据下文“I love learning from you. You’re like my teacher.”可知，詹妮弗告诉塞西莉亚：你是那个让我期待每周来到这里的人。故选A项。
【8题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你给老人们一个思考的机会，让他们知道自己得到了很好的照顾，”塞西莉亚回答。A. dream梦想；B. method方法；C. chance机会；D. plan计划。根据下文“to think and to know they get good care”可知，你给老人们一个思考的机会，让他们知道自己得到了很好的照顾。故选C项。
【9题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗与塞西莉亚的关系在塑造她照顾老年人的热情方面发挥了重要作用。A. rediscovering重新发现；B. exchanging交流 ；C. consuming消费 ；D. shaping形成、塑造。根据上文“You’re the one who makes me ___7___ coming here every week. I love learning from you. You’re like my teacher.”以及下文“her passion for looking after older generations.”可知，詹妮弗与塞西莉亚的关系在塑造她照顾老年人的热情方面发挥了重要作用。故选D项。
【10题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：倾听是一种善意的行为。A. friendship友谊；B. kindness善意；C. loyalty忠诚；D. courage勇气。根据上文“began to volunteer in the center”以及“listening”可知，倾听是一种善意的行为。故选B项。
【答案】11. have undergone
12. Standing
13. yourself
【11题】
考查时态。句意：正因为如此，我从小就经历了许多残酷的评论。根据“since my childhood”可知，本句应用现在完成时, I作主语，助动词为have。故填have undergone。
【12题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我站着不动，准备听一句粗鲁的评论。本句的谓语是was，所以空格处应用非谓语动词。stand和I之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以应用现在分词，作伴随状语；句首单词，首字母大写。故填Standing。
【13题】
考查代词。句意：这张礼品卡是给你的，漂亮的女孩，这样你就可以给自己买些特别的东西了。这里表示你给你自己买动词，主语和宾语均为同一人，所以应用反身代词yourself作宾语。故填yourself。
【答案】14. suggests
15. healthier
16. why
【14题】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现有研究的证据表明可能存在关联。分析句子可知，空格处缺少谓语动词，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“evidence”意为“证据”，为不可数名词，故空格处应用“suggest”的三单形式“suggests”。故填suggests。
【15题】
考查形容词比较级。句意：似乎更多感恩的人表示自己睡得更好，感觉更健康。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，作表语，根据句意和句中“better”可知，句中把感恩的人和其他人进行比较，感恩的人睡得更好，感觉更健康，故空格处应用“healthy”的比较级“healthier”。故填healthier。
【16题】
考查宾语从句。句意：现在，研究人员仍然需要弄清楚感恩对我们的健康是否如此有益。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，“it”作形式宾语，空格处单词引导从句，作真正的宾语，根据上文“ gratitude may lead people to engage in behaviors that help keep them healthy, like not smoking”可知：感恩能让人们做帮助保持健康的行为。所以想弄清楚“为什么感恩对于健康有好处”。故填写why.
【答案】17. was catching
18. to observe
19 which 20. behavior## behaviour
【17题】
考查时态。句意：爱德华·O·威尔逊——“现代的查尔斯·达尔文”——七点钟在家附近的河里捕鱼时伤到了右眼。根据“at seven”可知，这里表示过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语为he，be动词用was。故填was catching。
【18题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于视力差，他只能观察蚂蚁等小动物。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to observe。
【19题】
考查定语从句。句意：威尔逊对蚂蚁的无私感兴趣，蚂蚁会为自己的群体牺牲自己，他提出了一个理论，证实了利他行为在各种物种中的存在。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为指物的ants，且空处在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。
【20题】
考查名词。句意参考上题。根据空前的altruistic可知，空处应用名词。behavior/behaviour意为“行为”，为不可数名词。故填behavior/behaviour。
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B
【21题】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“no irritation, no color changing, or fading of silver. I can’t even tell they are in!”（没有刺激，没有变色，没有银色的褪色。我都不知道我戴着耳环！）可知，耳环比较轻，而且也对皮肤没有刺激。故选D。
【22题】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Made from sterling silver, the earrings are lightweight and perfect for everyday wear. ”（这款耳环由纯银制成，重量轻，非常适合日常佩戴。）可知，这款耳环适合日常佩戴。选项A错误；第三段中“the fashionable and functional KS bag has an insulated lining (隔热的内衬) that helps keep food and beverages fresh, and an inside pocket that holds utensils. Plus, the soft, lightweight design makes it easy to bring anywhere.”（时尚和功能性的 KS 袋有一个绝缘衬里，有助于保持食品和饮料的新鲜，和一个内口袋，容纳器具。此外，软，轻便的设计使它很容易带到任何地方。）可知，KS 袋有一个绝缘衬里，轻便的设计使得它易于携带，但并没有说它是银质的。选项B错误；根据倒数第二段中“The Breville Express, which has more than 14,000 five-star reviews, comes in either black or stainless steel surfaces and offers the same dose-controlled grinding (研磨) that’s normally reserved for fancy coffee shops.”（Breville Express 有超过14,000条五星级评论，它有黑色或不锈钢表面，并提供通常只有高档咖啡店才有的剂量控制研磨服务。）可知，The Breville Express可以提供剂量控制研磨服务，没有提及它可以快速研磨，选项C错误；根据最后一段中“ideal for back, stomach and side sleepers.”（对平睡，趴着睡和侧面睡的人而言是合适的。）可知，Beckham Pillows适合不同睡姿的人士。与文意一致，故选D。
【23题】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Best Gifts for Every Type of Mom”（最适合各种类型妈妈的礼物）可知，文章主要是面向给妈妈选礼物的顾客。故选B。
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
【24题】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（作为一名广告设计专业的学生，她根据自己的设计知识，制作了创新的结，并能利用各种线制作出精美的小图案。她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐利用设计知识可以制作和中国传统文化相关的创意中国结。故选C项。
【25题】
细节理解题。由文章第四段后两句“Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people’s needs in daily life,” says Xu.”（她的产品包括可以挂在墙上的不同大小的装饰品、汽车装饰品、手机链和珠宝。他说：“我相信，非物质文化遗产在满足人们日常生活需要的时候，才能得到更好的发展和传承。”）可知，她设计产品的重点是人们的日常需求。故选B项。
【26题】
推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐是一个有创造力的人。由文章倒数第二段的首句“Xu has also been generous in helping others.”（徐一直慷慨地帮助他人。）可知，徐是一位热心的人。故选D项。
【27题】
主旨大意题。文章讲述徐先生因为中国结去的事业上的成就，，中国结在阿联酋得到欢迎，以及徐先生教授一些弱势群体通过中国结过得收入。可以推知本篇文章主要突显中国结这项技艺十分重要，应该得以继续传承。结合选项。B选项：中国结制作，一项不容忽视的技能。符合文章的总结概括。故选B。
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A
【28题】
细节理解题。由第二段““In fact, stopping these annoying insects in their tracks could save up to half a million lives lost to those diseases each year,” said Carolyn Gauff, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the Princeton Neuroscience Institute. That’s why Gauff’s team wants to understand how they find and target humans. (普林斯顿神经科学研究所的生态学和进化生物学教授Carolyn Gauff说：“事实上，阻止这些烦人的蚊子在它们的轨道上活动，每年可以挽救多达50万人因这些疾病而丧生的生命。”这就是为什么Gauff的团队想要了解蚊子如何发现和瞄准人类的原因)”和最后一段中的“Gauff hoped their current work could be used to make mosquito killers and attractants to prevent disease. (Gauff希望他们目前的工作可以用于制造灭蚊剂和引诱剂，以预防疾病)”可知，Gauff最终是想帮助预防蚊子引起的致命疾病（救人性命）才进行此项研究的。故选C项。
【29题】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Decanal is particularly rich in human skin. (癸醛在人体皮肤中特别丰富)”和“When one component of our skin’s natural oils, sapienic acid, breaks down, decanal is left over. This acid is only found in human beings. It’s what likely leads to the high levels of decanal that help the mosquitoes smell their way to us. (当我们皮肤的天然油脂中的一种成分——智人酸分解时，就会剩下癸酸。这种酸只存在于人身上。这很可能导致高水平的癸醛，帮助蚊子嗅到它们的气味)”可知，癸酸是智人酸分解后的残留物，蚊子通过癸醛（智人酸分解后的残留物）找到人类，所以蚊子最喜欢癸醛（智人酸分解后的残留物）。故选D项。
【30题】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“The research team already knew that mosquitoes have about 60 different types of neurons that sense odors, so when they looked in the insects’ brains, they thought they might see a lot of activity. But it was surprisingly quiet, meaning that the signal was perhaps quite simple, down to just a couple types of neurons. “One type of neuron responded really strongly to both humans and animals. Another type of neuron responded to both—but it responded much more strongly to humans than animals,” Gauff said. (研究团队已经知道，蚊子有大约60种不同类型的神经元来感知气味，所以当他们观察蚊子的大脑时，他们认为可能会看到很多活动。但蚊子的大脑出奇的安静，这意味着信号可能相当简单，仅限于几种类型的神经元。Gauff说：“一种神经元对人类和动物的气味反应非常强烈。另一种神经元同时对两者都有反应，但对人类气味的反应比动物气味的反应强烈得多。”)”可知，蚊子有大约60种不同类型的神经元来感知气味，但研究发现只有几种类型的神经元才会对人类和动物气味作出反应，可得出大多数蚊子神经元不参与对人类气味的反应。故选A项。
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. C 34. A
31 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality.”（这项措施的发起人解释说，把鱼养在这样的鱼缸里是残忍的，因为弯曲的侧面会让鱼对现实有一种distorted看法。）中的“cruel”和“curved”可以推断，发起人认为弯曲的侧面会让鱼对现实产生错误的观点，因而把鱼养在这样的鱼缸里是残忍的，所以“distorted”意为：错误的，即“false”。故选D。
【32题】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey (传达) information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism.”（大多数人相信客观现实存在，我们的感官和科学直接传达了物质世界的信息，在哲学中，这种信念被称为现实主义。）可知，本段主要讲述了人们对现实的传统见解。故选D。
【33题】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. ”（现在看来，这种追求可能产生的不是单一的理论，而是一系列相互关联的理论，每个理论都描述了自己的现实版本，就像从自己的鱼缸里看宇宙一样。）和第三段“If—like us—the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality.”（如果模拟世界中的生物像我们一样不能从外部观察它们的宇宙，它们就没有理由怀疑自己对现实的想象。）可知，人们视角和观点不同，会有着不同的理论。故选C。
【34题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations.”（也许为了描述宇宙，我们必须在不同情况下运用不同的理论。）和“But it might be the way of the universe.”（但这可能就是宇宙的规律。）可知，作者认为人们可以用多种理论描述宇宙，可得出作者也许会许赞同“欢迎对宇宙的不同解释”这个观点。故选A。
【答案】35. C 36. G 37. A 38. E 39. D
【35题】
根据上文“When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted.(当我们承认自己是做错事的人，并向别人表达我们的内疚时，我们就会从不舒服的状态中解脱出来。这一举动让我们感觉卸下了负担)”和下文“Research showed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology.(研究表明，即使只是想象得到道歉，被伤害者的心率、排汗量和面部紧张程度也会降低)”可知，道歉不仅让做错事的一方感觉卸下负担，也对收到道歉的人有好处。故C项“A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too.(一个好的道歉也会影响收到道歉的人的健康)”符合题意。故选C。
【36题】
根据主旨句“Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally.(道歉不仅会影响我们的身体，还会影响我们的精神)”推知，空处应陈述道歉在精神方面给人们带来的好处。G项“It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings.(它有能力消除别人的愤怒，防止进一步的误解)”符合题意，anger属于精神范畴。故选G。
【37题】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. (我们应该认识到我们的行为确实伤害了某人，即使我们的意图可能并非如此。与其为我们所做的事找借口，不如试着承担责任，承诺采取行动，这样我们以后就不会再犯同样的行为了)”可知，认识到自己确实伤害某人，与其找借口不如主动承担责任，承诺以后绝不再犯。结合常识可知，上述道歉的方法是大家公认的方法。故A项“There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others.(我们向他人表达歉意的方式已经达成一致)”符合题意，下文具体陈述这些一致的方法是什么。故选A。
【38题】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future.(与其为我们所做的事找借口，不如试着承担责任，承诺采取行动，这样我们以后就不会再犯同样的行为了)”可知，这样做意味着我们应该承担责任，不再辩解。E项“This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away.(这意味着我们应该承担责任，而不是试图为其辩护或解释)”符合题意，是对上文的进一步解释。故选E。
【39题】
根据上文“Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people.(当然，最有效的道歉往往会给我们的尊严带来代价，因为我们不得不在别人或很多人面前承认自己错了)”可知，最有效的道歉方式往往有失尊严。根据下文“As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, the others, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for.(众所周知，当我们为自己、他人和关系做错事时，这是我们可以采取的最积极的行动之一)”可知，做错了事，就应该道歉，这是可以采取的最积极的行动之一。由此可知，和道歉带来的好处相比，尊严受到一点伤害是可以接受的。D项“But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology.(但与一个恰当的道歉所带来的好处相比，这往往是微不足道的)”符合题意。故选D。
【答案】40. Brian’s question makes the writer realize that we cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life.
41. Appreciative and grateful
42. When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed.
Reason: When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.
43. The biggest regret during my high school life is that I did not study hard and treasure the valuable time and could not be admitted to my ideal university. I realized the problem in my college, so I worked hard on my major and have made some achievements in my major finally. So I accept my regret and learn something from it and consider the regret as a valuable experience.
【40题】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“But when I reflected more deeply on his question, I arrived at this realization: We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life. (但当我更深入地思考他的问题时，我意识到：我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。)”可知，朋友的问题使我意识到我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。故答案为Brian’s question make the writer realize that we cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life。
【41题】
考查细节理解。根据文章最后一句“So whenever you find yourself caught in regret, stop and ask yourself these two questions: “What have I learned from this And how have I grown because of it ” Perhaps you might just shift your viewpoint from that of being upset and regretful to being appreciative and grateful. ( 所以，当你发现自己陷入后悔之中时，停下来问问自己这两个问题：“我从这件事中学到了什么？我是如何因此而成长的呢？”也许你可以把你的观点从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。)”可知作者用来描述人们在面对后悔时应该采取的观点的两个词是appreciative和grateful。故答案为Appreciative and grateful。
【42题】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“What is worse is when stuck in regret, we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.(更糟糕的是，当陷入后悔之中时，我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。) ”可知“When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. (当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的是过去的选择无法改变。)”这句话是错误的，当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的不是过去的选择无法改变。而是我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。故答案为When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. Reason: When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.
【43题】
开放性试题，言之有理即可。这篇文章表达了我们不应该为所做的决定后悔和遗憾，应从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。我们人生当中都有后悔的事情，关键是我们面对后悔和遗憾的态度。故答案可为The biggest regret during my high school life is that I did not study hard and treasure the valuable time and could not be admitted to my ideal university. I realized the problem in my college, so I worked hard on my major and have made some achievements in my major finally. So I accept my regret and learn something from it and consider the regret as a valuable experience.
【答案】Dear Jim,
My school is collecting designs for the graduation ceremony. I’m writing to share my idea with you and ask for your advice.
First, the ceremony should be on weekend, thus allowing all the parents and teachers to be present, making this event livelier. It will kick off with an inspiring speech delivered by the principal, followed by a video featuring those unforgettable moments of our school life and the presentation of diplomas. We need to set up a “gratitude wall”, where we can express our gratitude to our teachers, friends and parents, without whose help we could hardly succeed. During the last session, students can open the floor to talk about their future, sharing their ambitions with each other.
So what do you think of my plan Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题 1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Jennifer finds Cecelia reading a newspaper alone in the room. “Hi Cecelia do you___1___me Jennifer.” The 91-year-old resident at Newburgh elder care center says a friendly hello, but doesn’t seem to recognize Jennifer today.
It’s one nice spring afternoon. Jennifer invites Cecelia to go down to the___2___. She helps Cecelia head to the elevator. Cecelia wheels herself forward, as Jennifer___3___guides her from behind.
The two have been getting to know each other over the past few months since Jennifer, the recent Boston University graduate, began to volunteer in the center,___4___residents with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症).
Down in the courtyard, Cecelia begins reading a poem, slowly and lyrically (抒情地). Jennifer listens attentively, and then asks if Cecelia knows who wrote the poem，to help her with a “___5___stretch”. Together, they reflect on the poem’s meaning. Cecelia’s deep understanding of the poem suggests that she is such a___6___lady. Jennifer tells Cecelia, “You’re the one who makes me___7___coming here every week. I love learning from you. You’re like my teacher.”
“You give the old people a___8___to think and to know they get good care,” Cecelia replies.
Jennifer’s relationship with Cecelia has played an important role in___9___ her passion for looking after older generations. “We should take time to listen to them. Just listening is an act of_____10_____,” Jennifer says.
1. A. hear B. understand C. trust D. remember
2. A. courtyard B. center C. elevator D. room
3. A. bravely B. lightly C. gratefully D. immediately
4 A. relying on B. looking into C. appealing to D. caring for
5. A. hand B. leg C. brain D. back
6. A. frank B. wise C. modest D. humorous
7. A. look forward to B. pay attention to C. give in to D. object to
8. A. dream B. method C. chance D. plan
9. A. rediscovering B. exchanging C. consuming D. shaping
10. A. friendship B. kindness C. loyalty D. courage
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I was born with a pronounced facial problem. Because of that, I _____11_____ (undergo) many cruel comments since my childhood. One day, while shopping, I was approached by a woman I didn’t know. _______12_______ (stand) still, I was ready for a rude remark. But the lady smiled and said, “This gift card is for you, beautiful girl, so you can buy something special for ____13____ (you).” I am so thankful to that woman for reminding me beauty comes in all forms.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Research on the relationship between gratitude (感恩) and physical health is still exploring. The evidence of existing studies ____14____ (suggest) that there may be a connection. It appears that more grateful people report sleeping better and feeling ____15____ (healthy). Besides, gratitude may lead people to engage in behaviors that help keep them healthy, like not smoking. Now researchers still need to make it clear ____16____ gratitude is so good for our health.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Edward O. Wilson, the “modern-day Charles Darwin”, damaged his right eye when he ____17____(catch) a fish in the river near his home at seven. The poor eyesight only allowed him ____18____(observe) small creatures like ants. Interested in the selflessness of ants, ____19____ would sacrifice themselves for their colony(群体), Wilson developed a theory, confirming the existence of altruistic(利他的) ____20____ (behave) in a wide range of species. It made him influential as both a close observer and a pioneering theorist.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Best Gifts for Every Type of Mom
Do you want to reward Mom with New Year gifts Millions of products are offered online, but don’t get scared away. We have done the work for you by selecting best gift ideas for every type of mom. Just click “Add to cart” to shower Mom with love.
Dainty Earrings-Best for the Jewelry Lover
Made from sterling silver, the earrings are lightweight and perfect for everyday wear. They’re also ideal for anyone with sensitive ears. Among the 8,000 plus five-star reviewers, April Farmer confirm: this, saying, “Just about every material irritates (刺激) my ears, but I have had these in for three months now-and no irritation, no color changing, or fading of silver. I can’t even tell they are in!”
KS Lunch Bag-Best for the Working Mom
This in-disguise cooler bag will put a smile on mom’s face during lunch hour. With thousands of five-star reviewers, the fashionable and functional KS bag has an insulated lining (隔热的内衬) that helps keep food and beverages fresh, and an inside pocket that holds utensils. Plus, the soft, lightweight design makes it easy to bring anywhere.
Breville Express-Best for the Coffee Lover
Talk about a morning boost! If Mom is a true coffee lover, she’s dreamed of owning a high-end espresso machine. Now you can make that dream a reality. The Breville Express, which has more than 14,000 five-star reviews, comes in either black or stainless steel surfaces and offers the same dose-controlled grinding (研磨) that’s normally reserved for fancy coffee shops.
Beckham Pillows--Best for the One Who Needs a Good Night’s Sleep
She deserves a peaceful night’s rest after all the hard work she does every day, and she’ll get just that with these Beckham pillows. The set of two affordable cooling gel pillows is ideal for back, stomach and side sleepers. It offers much-needed temperature regulation that will keep her more comfortable than ever. It’s a best seller with more than 126,000 five-star reviews, so it’s pretty much a hit.
21. April Farmer’s review indicates that the Dainty Earrings are .
A. durable and fancy B. simple and unique
C. stylish and valuable D. light and skin-friendly
22. From the passage, we can know that .
A. Dainty Earrings are best for formal occasions
B. KS Lunch Bag is silver, portable and insulated
C. Breville Express features fine and quick grinding
D. Beckham Pillows suit different sleeping positions
23. Who is the passage intended for
A Agencies selling products to moms.
B. People seeking gifts for their moms.
C. Moms planning to reward themselves.
D. Salesmen studying moms’ preferences.
B
Influenced by her family, Xu started to learn the craft of making Chinese knots at home, but didn’t expect the pastime to change her life at first. Xu became a city-level inheritor of this provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009, and has been devoted to developing the craft since then.
As a fan of photography, she often took photos of dragonflies, butterflies and flowers around a lake not far from her home, then she made knots resembling them, and posted the photos on a website. That attracted the attention of some people.
As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.
“Showing Chinese culture through traditional Chinese crafts—that is the original aspiration for me as an inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage,” says Xu. She has made more than 3,000 designs, and even opened two offline branch stores. Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people’s needs in daily life,” says Xu.
Chen, an online follower, has been teaching how to make knots in the United Arab Emirates. “Influenced by Xu’s work, I learn the craft to cultivate my temperament, and I also teach children to better understand Chinese culture,” says Chen. “Chinese culture is popular in the UAE, and I often make some knots with Chinese elements for local people as gifts.”
Xu has also been generous in helping others. She taught this art to workers who lost their jobs in her hometown, allowing them to master a skill from which they could earn an income. Students and people with disabilities were also beneficiaries. Indeed, more than 20 people with disabilities now actually work for her.
Despite the success of her career, Xu says working on the craft has benefited her more in a spiritual way. “Tying knots requires concentration, and you must not be distracted during the process. It has trained me to deal with matters in a calm, peaceful and rational way,” says Xu. “I believe the life of one person is short, and you have the right to decide how to spend it.”
24. With the knowledge of design, Xu can ________.
A. post plenty of attractive photos on the website
B. draw the Peking Opera characters more vividly
C. make many creative knots related to Chinese culture
D. take many professional photos of animals and flowers
25. What can we learn about Xu
A. She plans to open more offline branch stores abroad.
B. She designs products with a focus on people’s everyday needs.
C. She is well-known for teaching how to make knots in the UAE.
D. She wants to help disabled students improve their concentration.
26. According to the passage, which of the following words can best describe Xu
A Honest and easy-going. B. Modest and strong-willed.
C. Humorous and hard-working. D. Innovative and kind-hearted.
27. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Traditional Chinese Crafts Go Global
B. Chinese Knot-making, a Skill Not to be Ignored
C. Traditional Chinese Culture Becomes Fashionable
D. Chinese Knot-making, a Chance for the Unemployed
C
Of the more than 3,000 species of mosquitoes in the world, just a small number specialize in sucking human blood. How mosquitoes track us down so effectively isn’t currently known, but it matters, since they carry dangerous diseases which may cause death.
“In fact, stopping these annoying insects in their tracks could save up to half a million lives lost to those diseases each year,” said Carolyn Gauff, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the Princeton Neuroscience Institute. That’s why Gauff’s team wants to understand how they find and target humans.
Mosquitoes mostly choose what to bite based on odor (气味). Knowing how a potentially disease-carrying mosquito finds a person, while ignoring other warm-blooded animals, is a key question. But it’s not easy to answer, since any animal smell is made up of hundreds of chemicals mixed together in specific percentage. “The actual chemicals that are found in human odor are basically the same as the chemicals found in animal odor—it’s the percentages and the relative large amount of those substances in human mixtures that’s unique,” said Gauff.
To investigate, researchers decided to record neural activity in the brain of mosquitoes while exposing them to natural human and animal odor samples. They collected odor samples from about 40 different animals. When they compared some of those with the 16 human samples, something jumped out. Decanal is particularly rich in human skin. Common in the natural world, in humans, decanal comes from another, more complex substance. When one component of our skin’s natural oils, sapienic acid, breaks down, decanal is left over. This acid is only found in human beings. It’s what likely leads to the high levels of decanal that help the mosquitoes smell their way to us.
Understanding what the mosquitoes are targeting is only part of the story; knowing how they do it is also important. To see exactly how mosquitoes use this sense, scientists used genetically modified (转基因的) mosquitoes so that they could cut open mosquitoes’ heads and watch neurons firing when they’re exposed to human and animal odors. The research team already knew that mosquitoes have about 60 different types of neurons that sense odors, so when they looked in the insects’ brains, they thought they might see a lot of activity. But it was surprisingly quiet, meaning that the signal was perhaps quite simple, down to just a couple types of neurons. “One type of neuron responded really strongly to both humans and animals. Another type of neuron responded to both—but it responded much more strongly to humans than animals,” Gauff said.
How to keep mosquitoes’ decanal signal from being transmitted will be the research team’s next focus. Gauff hoped their current work could be used to make mosquito killers and attractants to prevent disease.
28. What’s the final purpose of the research conducted by Gauff’s team
A To study why only certain mosquitoes suck human blood.
B. To investigate the neural activity in mosquitoes’ brains.
C. To help prevent deadly diseases caused by mosquitoes.
D. To test the effectiveness of mosquito killers.
29. To which substance(s) would mosquitoes mostly be attracted
A. Natural oil from human skin.
B. Chemicals in the environment.
C. Decanal generated in human blood.
D. Remains of decomposed sapienic acid.
30. What can we learn from the passage
A. Most mosquito neurons are not involved in responding to human odor.
B. Genetically modified mosquitoes are not sensitive to human odor.
C. Further research will focus on odor signal and neural connection.
D. Chemicals found in human and animal odors are quite different.
D
A few years ago, the City Council of Monza, Italy, barred pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls. The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality. Aside from the measure’s significance to the poor goldfish, the story raises an interesting philosophical question: How do we know that the reality we perceive is true
Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish’s. For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything—one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality. It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. This concept may be difficult for many people to accept. Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey (传达) information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism.
In physics, realism is becoming difficult to defend. Instead, the idea of alternative realities is a mainstay of today’s popular culture. For example, in the science-fiction film The Matrix the human race is unknowingly living in a simulated (模拟的) virtual reality created by intelligent computers. How do we know we are not just computer-generated characters living in a Matrix-like world If—like us—the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality.
Similarly, the goldfish’s view is not the same as ours from outside their curved bowl. For instance, because light bends as it travels from air to water, a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path. The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame (框架) of reference that would always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of objects outside the bowl. If the goldfish formed such a theory, we would have to admit the goldfish’s view as a reasonable picture of reality.
The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations. It is not the physicist’s traditional expectation for a theory of nature, nor does it correspond to our everyday idea of reality. But it might be the way of the universe.
31. What does the underlined word “distorted” in Paragraph most probably mean
A. Original. B. Accurate. C. Distant. D. False.
32. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A. The need for a complete theory. B. The lasting conflict in physics.
C. The existence of the material world. D. The conventional insight of reality.
33. What can we learn from the passage
A. Nature’s mysteries are best left undiscovered.
B. An external world is independent of the observers.
C. People’s theories are influenced by their viewpoints.
D. It is essential to figure out which picture of reality is better.
34. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________.
A. various interpretations of the universe are welcomed
B. physicists have a favorite candidate for the final theory
C. multiple realities can be pieced together to show the real world
D. there is still possibility to unify different theories into a single one
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An apology can achieve great things for both the givers and the receivers although nobody likes to admit that they were wrong.
An apology is crucial to our physical health. When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted. ____35____ Research showed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology.
Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally. ____36____ When presented with an apology, the victims may view us as imperfect human beings and find it easier to give forgiveness. In a powerful piece in Psychology Today, writer Beverly Engel described how a simple “I’m sorry” from her mother, after being estranged from each other for three years, made her relieved emotionally. But let’s be real, apologizing can be difficult.
____37____ We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. ____38____
Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people. ____39____ As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, the others, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for.
A. There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others.
B. It’s a way of showing the price we paid for the wronged action.
C. A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too.
D. But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology.
E. This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away.
F. Apologize for what you did rather than what other people might have thought about it.
G. It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节(共 4 小题;第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分,共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The other day I was having coffee and catching up with Brian, a friend I hadn’t seen in over a year, when he asked me this question: “Do you regret leaving Google ” “Of course, I don’t regret it,” I answered. But when I reflected more deeply on his question, I arrived at this realization: We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life.
Truth is, not every decision we make will be the right choice for us. I learned later that quitting my one and only source of income to start an e-commerce business from nothing was a recipe for financial disaster. No, that decision was not the right one at the time. Perhaps I should’ve followed the advice I give today: Build your business while working a full-time job so that you can work from a place of stability. But then again, I wouldn’t have learned such a valuable lesson had I not acted upon what was truly important to me at the time—the freedom of pursuing my own dream, on my own terms.
We regret what’s in the past and can’t be changed. We compare the choices we made yesterday to an ideal path that we think we should have taken—we simply imagine it to be a better path. What is worse is when stuck in regret, we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.
There’s a much better way to look at regret—a more mindful way—and it can be seen at a place where action, reflection, and gratitude meet.
So whenever you find yourself caught in regret, stop and ask yourself these two questions: “What have I learned from this And how have I grown because of it ” Perhaps you might just shift your viewpoint from that of being upset and regretful to being appreciative and grateful.
40. What did Brian’s question make the writer realize
___________________________________________________________
41. List the two words the author uses to describe the viewpoint people should take when facing regret.
___________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed.
___________________________________________________________
43. What has been your biggest regret during your high school life What have you learned from this (In about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________
第二节(20 分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校正在为高三毕业典礼征集活动方案。你有意参加，并对活动设计形成了一些想法。请你给英国好友Jim写一封邮件询问他的建议。内容包括：
1.介绍设计想法；
2.说明设计理由。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B
【1题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：嗨，塞西莉亚，你还记得我吗？我是詹妮弗。A. hear听；B. understand理解；C. trust相信；D.remember记得。根据下文“Jennifer”以及“but doesn’t seem to recognize Jennifer today.”可知，詹妮弗问塞西莉亚是否记得她。故选D项。
【2题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗邀请塞西莉亚到院子里去。A. courtyard庭院；B. center中心；C. elevator电梯；D. room房间。根据下文“Down in the courtyard”可知，詹妮弗邀请塞西莉亚到院子里去。故选A项。
【3题】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：塞西莉亚向前推进，詹妮弗轻轻地从后面引导她。A. bravely勇敢地；B. lightly 轻轻地；C. gratefully感激地；D. immediately立即。根据常识可知，塞西莉亚是个91岁的老人且坐着轮椅，所以要轻轻地引导她。 故选B项。
【4题】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最近几个月，波士顿大学毕业生詹妮弗开始在该中心做志愿者，照顾患有阿尔茨海默病的居民，这两人就开始相互了解。A. relying on依靠；B. looking into调查；C. appealing to呼吁；D. caring for照顾，关心。根据下文“they get good care”可知，波士顿大学毕业生詹妮弗开始在该中心做志愿者，照顾患有阿尔茨海默病的居民。故选D项。
【5题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗全神贯注地听着，然后问塞西莉亚是否知道这首诗是谁写的，以帮助她“脑洞大开”。A. hand手；B. leg腿；C. brain大脑；D. back后背。根据上文“asks if Cecelia knows who wrote the poem”以及下文“Together, they reflect on the poem’s meaning.”可知，然后问塞西莉亚是否知道这首诗是谁写的，以帮助她“脑洞大开”（恢复记忆）。故选C项。
【6题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：塞西莉亚对这首诗的深刻理解表明她是一位如此聪明的女士。A. frank坦率的；B. wise聪明的；C. modest谦虚的；D. humorous幽默的。根据上文“Cecelia’s deep understanding of the poem”可知，塞西莉亚对这首诗的深刻理解表明她是一位如此聪明的女士。故选B项。
【7题】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗告诉塞西莉亚：你是那个让我期待每周来到这里的人。A. look forward to期望；B. pay attention to注意 ；C. give in to屈服；D. object to反对。根据下文“I love learning from you. You’re like my teacher.”可知，詹妮弗告诉塞西莉亚：你是那个让我期待每周来到这里的人。故选A项。
【8题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你给老人们一个思考的机会，让他们知道自己得到了很好的照顾，”塞西莉亚回答。A. dream梦想；B. method方法；C. chance机会；D. plan计划。根据下文“to think and to know they get good care”可知，你给老人们一个思考的机会，让他们知道自己得到了很好的照顾。故选C项。
【9题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗与塞西莉亚的关系在塑造她照顾老年人的热情方面发挥了重要作用。A. rediscovering重新发现；B. exchanging交流 ；C. consuming消费 ；D. shaping形成、塑造。根据上文“You’re the one who makes me ___7___ coming here every week. I love learning from you. You’re like my teacher.”以及下文“her passion for looking after older generations.”可知，詹妮弗与塞西莉亚的关系在塑造她照顾老年人的热情方面发挥了重要作用。故选D项。
【10题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：倾听是一种善意的行为。A. friendship友谊；B. kindness善意；C. loyalty忠诚；D. courage勇气。根据上文“began to volunteer in the center”以及“listening”可知，倾听是一种善意的行为。故选B项。
【答案】11. have undergone
12. Standing
13. yourself
【11题】
考查时态。句意：正因为如此，我从小就经历了许多残酷的评论。根据“since my childhood”可知，本句应用现在完成时, I作主语，助动词为have。故填have undergone。
【12题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我站着不动，准备听一句粗鲁的评论。本句的谓语是was，所以空格处应用非谓语动词。stand和I之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以应用现在分词，作伴随状语；句首单词，首字母大写。故填Standing。
【13题】
考查代词。句意：这张礼品卡是给你的，漂亮的女孩，这样你就可以给自己买些特别的东西了。这里表示你给你自己买动词，主语和宾语均为同一人，所以应用反身代词yourself作宾语。故填yourself。
【答案】14. suggests
15. healthier
16. why
【14题】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现有研究的证据表明可能存在关联。分析句子可知，空格处缺少谓语动词，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“evidence”意为“证据”，为不可数名词，故空格处应用“suggest”的三单形式“suggests”。故填suggests。
【15题】
考查形容词比较级。句意：似乎更多感恩的人表示自己睡得更好，感觉更健康。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，作表语，根据句意和句中“better”可知，句中把感恩的人和其他人进行比较，感恩的人睡得更好，感觉更健康，故空格处应用“healthy”的比较级“healthier”。故填healthier。
【16题】
考查宾语从句。句意：现在，研究人员仍然需要弄清楚感恩对我们的健康是否如此有益。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，“it”作形式宾语，空格处单词引导从句，作真正的宾语，根据上文“ gratitude may lead people to engage in behaviors that help keep them healthy, like not smoking”可知：感恩能让人们做帮助保持健康的行为。所以想弄清楚“为什么感恩对于健康有好处”。故填写why.
【答案】17. was catching
18. to observe
19 which 20. behavior## behaviour
【17题】
考查时态。句意：爱德华·O·威尔逊——“现代的查尔斯·达尔文”——七点钟在家附近的河里捕鱼时伤到了右眼。根据“at seven”可知，这里表示过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语为he，be动词用was。故填was catching。
【18题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于视力差，他只能观察蚂蚁等小动物。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to observe。
【19题】
考查定语从句。句意：威尔逊对蚂蚁的无私感兴趣，蚂蚁会为自己的群体牺牲自己，他提出了一个理论，证实了利他行为在各种物种中的存在。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为指物的ants，且空处在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。
【20题】
考查名词。句意参考上题。根据空前的altruistic可知，空处应用名词。behavior/behaviour意为“行为”，为不可数名词。故填behavior/behaviour。
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B
【21题】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“no irritation, no color changing, or fading of silver. I can’t even tell they are in!”（没有刺激，没有变色，没有银色的褪色。我都不知道我戴着耳环！）可知，耳环比较轻，而且也对皮肤没有刺激。故选D。
【22题】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Made from sterling silver, the earrings are lightweight and perfect for everyday wear. ”（这款耳环由纯银制成，重量轻，非常适合日常佩戴。）可知，这款耳环适合日常佩戴。选项A错误；第三段中“the fashionable and functional KS bag has an insulated lining (隔热的内衬) that helps keep food and beverages fresh, and an inside pocket that holds utensils. Plus, the soft, lightweight design makes it easy to bring anywhere.”（时尚和功能性的 KS 袋有一个绝缘衬里，有助于保持食品和饮料的新鲜，和一个内口袋，容纳器具。此外，软，轻便的设计使它很容易带到任何地方。）可知，KS 袋有一个绝缘衬里，轻便的设计使得它易于携带，但并没有说它是银质的。选项B错误；根据倒数第二段中“The Breville Express, which has more than 14,000 five-star reviews, comes in either black or stainless steel surfaces and offers the same dose-controlled grinding (研磨) that’s normally reserved for fancy coffee shops.”（Breville Express 有超过14,000条五星级评论，它有黑色或不锈钢表面，并提供通常只有高档咖啡店才有的剂量控制研磨服务。）可知，The Breville Express可以提供剂量控制研磨服务，没有提及它可以快速研磨，选项C错误；根据最后一段中“ideal for back, stomach and side sleepers.”（对平睡，趴着睡和侧面睡的人而言是合适的。）可知，Beckham Pillows适合不同睡姿的人士。与文意一致，故选D。
【23题】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Best Gifts for Every Type of Mom”（最适合各种类型妈妈的礼物）可知，文章主要是面向给妈妈选礼物的顾客。故选B。
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
【24题】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（作为一名广告设计专业的学生，她根据自己的设计知识，制作了创新的结，并能利用各种线制作出精美的小图案。她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐利用设计知识可以制作和中国传统文化相关的创意中国结。故选C项。
【25题】
细节理解题。由文章第四段后两句“Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people’s needs in daily life,” says Xu.”（她的产品包括可以挂在墙上的不同大小的装饰品、汽车装饰品、手机链和珠宝。他说：“我相信，非物质文化遗产在满足人们日常生活需要的时候，才能得到更好的发展和传承。”）可知，她设计产品的重点是人们的日常需求。故选B项。
【26题】
推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐是一个有创造力的人。由文章倒数第二段的首句“Xu has also been generous in helping others.”（徐一直慷慨地帮助他人。）可知，徐是一位热心的人。故选D项。
【27题】
主旨大意题。文章讲述徐先生因为中国结去的事业上的成就，，中国结在阿联酋得到欢迎，以及徐先生教授一些弱势群体通过中国结过得收入。可以推知本篇文章主要突显中国结这项技艺十分重要，应该得以继续传承。结合选项。B选项：中国结制作，一项不容忽视的技能。符合文章的总结概括。故选B。
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A
【28题】
细节理解题。由第二段““In fact, stopping these annoying insects in their tracks could save up to half a million lives lost to those diseases each year,” said Carolyn Gauff, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the Princeton Neuroscience Institute. That’s why Gauff’s team wants to understand how they find and target humans. (普林斯顿神经科学研究所的生态学和进化生物学教授Carolyn Gauff说：“事实上，阻止这些烦人的蚊子在它们的轨道上活动，每年可以挽救多达50万人因这些疾病而丧生的生命。”这就是为什么Gauff的团队想要了解蚊子如何发现和瞄准人类的原因)”和最后一段中的“Gauff hoped their current work could be used to make mosquito killers and attractants to prevent disease. (Gauff希望他们目前的工作可以用于制造灭蚊剂和引诱剂，以预防疾病)”可知，Gauff最终是想帮助预防蚊子引起的致命疾病（救人性命）才进行此项研究的。故选C项。
【29题】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Decanal is particularly rich in human skin. (癸醛在人体皮肤中特别丰富)”和“When one component of our skin’s natural oils, sapienic acid, breaks down, decanal is left over. This acid is only found in human beings. It’s what likely leads to the high levels of decanal that help the mosquitoes smell their way to us. (当我们皮肤的天然油脂中的一种成分——智人酸分解时，就会剩下癸酸。这种酸只存在于人身上。这很可能导致高水平的癸醛，帮助蚊子嗅到它们的气味)”可知，癸酸是智人酸分解后的残留物，蚊子通过癸醛（智人酸分解后的残留物）找到人类，所以蚊子最喜欢癸醛（智人酸分解后的残留物）。故选D项。
【30题】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“The research team already knew that mosquitoes have about 60 different types of neurons that sense odors, so when they looked in the insects’ brains, they thought they might see a lot of activity. But it was surprisingly quiet, meaning that the signal was perhaps quite simple, down to just a couple types of neurons. “One type of neuron responded really strongly to both humans and animals. Another type of neuron responded to both—but it responded much more strongly to humans than animals,” Gauff said. (研究团队已经知道，蚊子有大约60种不同类型的神经元来感知气味，所以当他们观察蚊子的大脑时，他们认为可能会看到很多活动。但蚊子的大脑出奇的安静，这意味着信号可能相当简单，仅限于几种类型的神经元。Gauff说：“一种神经元对人类和动物的气味反应非常强烈。另一种神经元同时对两者都有反应，但对人类气味的反应比动物气味的反应强烈得多。”)”可知，蚊子有大约60种不同类型的神经元来感知气味，但研究发现只有几种类型的神经元才会对人类和动物气味作出反应，可得出大多数蚊子神经元不参与对人类气味的反应。故选A项。
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. C 34. A
31 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality.”（这项措施的发起人解释说，把鱼养在这样的鱼缸里是残忍的，因为弯曲的侧面会让鱼对现实有一种distorted看法。）中的“cruel”和“curved”可以推断，发起人认为弯曲的侧面会让鱼对现实产生错误的观点，因而把鱼养在这样的鱼缸里是残忍的，所以“distorted”意为：错误的，即“false”。故选D。
【32题】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey (传达) information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism.”（大多数人相信客观现实存在，我们的感官和科学直接传达了物质世界的信息，在哲学中，这种信念被称为现实主义。）可知，本段主要讲述了人们对现实的传统见解。故选D。
【33题】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. ”（现在看来，这种追求可能产生的不是单一的理论，而是一系列相互关联的理论，每个理论都描述了自己的现实版本，就像从自己的鱼缸里看宇宙一样。）和第三段“If—like us—the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality.”（如果模拟世界中的生物像我们一样不能从外部观察它们的宇宙，它们就没有理由怀疑自己对现实的想象。）可知，人们视角和观点不同，会有着不同的理论。故选C。
【34题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations.”（也许为了描述宇宙，我们必须在不同情况下运用不同的理论。）和“But it might be the way of the universe.”（但这可能就是宇宙的规律。）可知，作者认为人们可以用多种理论描述宇宙，可得出作者也许会许赞同“欢迎对宇宙的不同解释”这个观点。故选A。
【答案】35. C 36. G 37. A 38. E 39. D
【35题】
根据上文“When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted.(当我们承认自己是做错事的人，并向别人表达我们的内疚时，我们就会从不舒服的状态中解脱出来。这一举动让我们感觉卸下了负担)”和下文“Research showed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology.(研究表明，即使只是想象得到道歉，被伤害者的心率、排汗量和面部紧张程度也会降低)”可知，道歉不仅让做错事的一方感觉卸下负担，也对收到道歉的人有好处。故C项“A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too.(一个好的道歉也会影响收到道歉的人的健康)”符合题意。故选C。
【36题】
根据主旨句“Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally.(道歉不仅会影响我们的身体，还会影响我们的精神)”推知，空处应陈述道歉在精神方面给人们带来的好处。G项“It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings.(它有能力消除别人的愤怒，防止进一步的误解)”符合题意，anger属于精神范畴。故选G。
【37题】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. (我们应该认识到我们的行为确实伤害了某人，即使我们的意图可能并非如此。与其为我们所做的事找借口，不如试着承担责任，承诺采取行动，这样我们以后就不会再犯同样的行为了)”可知，认识到自己确实伤害某人，与其找借口不如主动承担责任，承诺以后绝不再犯。结合常识可知，上述道歉的方法是大家公认的方法。故A项“There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others.(我们向他人表达歉意的方式已经达成一致)”符合题意，下文具体陈述这些一致的方法是什么。故选A。
【38题】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future.(与其为我们所做的事找借口，不如试着承担责任，承诺采取行动，这样我们以后就不会再犯同样的行为了)”可知，这样做意味着我们应该承担责任，不再辩解。E项“This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away.(这意味着我们应该承担责任，而不是试图为其辩护或解释)”符合题意，是对上文的进一步解释。故选E。
【39题】
根据上文“Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people.(当然，最有效的道歉往往会给我们的尊严带来代价，因为我们不得不在别人或很多人面前承认自己错了)”可知，最有效的道歉方式往往有失尊严。根据下文“As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, the others, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for.(众所周知，当我们为自己、他人和关系做错事时，这是我们可以采取的最积极的行动之一)”可知，做错了事，就应该道歉，这是可以采取的最积极的行动之一。由此可知，和道歉带来的好处相比，尊严受到一点伤害是可以接受的。D项“But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology.(但与一个恰当的道歉所带来的好处相比，这往往是微不足道的)”符合题意。故选D。
【答案】40. Brian’s question makes the writer realize that we cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life.
41. Appreciative and grateful
42. When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed.
Reason: When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.
43. The biggest regret during my high school life is that I did not study hard and treasure the valuable time and could not be admitted to my ideal university. I realized the problem in my college, so I worked hard on my major and have made some achievements in my major finally. So I accept my regret and learn something from it and consider the regret as a valuable experience.
【40题】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“But when I reflected more deeply on his question, I arrived at this realization: We cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life. (但当我更深入地思考他的问题时，我意识到：我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。)”可知，朋友的问题使我意识到我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。故答案为Brian’s question make the writer realize that we cannot regret something that has taught us valuable lessons in life。
【41题】
考查细节理解。根据文章最后一句“So whenever you find yourself caught in regret, stop and ask yourself these two questions: “What have I learned from this And how have I grown because of it ” Perhaps you might just shift your viewpoint from that of being upset and regretful to being appreciative and grateful. ( 所以，当你发现自己陷入后悔之中时，停下来问问自己这两个问题：“我从这件事中学到了什么？我是如何因此而成长的呢？”也许你可以把你的观点从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。)”可知作者用来描述人们在面对后悔时应该采取的观点的两个词是appreciative和grateful。故答案为Appreciative and grateful。
【42题】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“What is worse is when stuck in regret, we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.(更糟糕的是，当陷入后悔之中时，我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。) ”可知“When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. (当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的是过去的选择无法改变。)”这句话是错误的，当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的不是过去的选择无法改变。而是我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。故答案为When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that past choices can’t be changed. Reason: When people get stuck in regret, what makes the situation worse is that we lose our control over what matters most: What we do with our time, today.
【43题】
开放性试题，言之有理即可。这篇文章表达了我们不应该为所做的决定后悔和遗憾，应从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。我们人生当中都有后悔的事情，关键是我们面对后悔和遗憾的态度。故答案可为The biggest regret during my high school life is that I did not study hard and treasure the valuable time and could not be admitted to my ideal university. I realized the problem in my college, so I worked hard on my major and have made some achievements in my major finally. So I accept my regret and learn something from it and consider the regret as a valuable experience.
【答案】Dear Jim,
My school is collecting designs for the graduation ceremony. I’m writing to share my idea with you and ask for your advice.
First, the ceremony should be on weekend, thus allowing all the parents and teachers to be present, making this event livelier. It will kick off with an inspiring speech delivered by the principal, followed by a video featuring those unforgettable moments of our school life and the presentation of diplomas. We need to set up a “gratitude wall”, where we can express our gratitude to our teachers, friends and parents, without whose help we could hardly succeed. During the last session, students can open the floor to talk about their future, sharing their ambitions with each other.
So what do you think of my plan Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
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