新概念第二册
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch
单词精讲
until prep.直到
后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句
区分“直到……才”(not until)和“直到……为止”(until)的方法:
把until作为时间终止线。从句的时间终点之前,这个动作做了还是没做?
做了——肯定;没做——否定。
eg:For he___until it stopped raining.
waited B.didn't wait (A)
For he waited until it stopped raining.”,这里的“waited”是一个持续的动作,意思是他一直在等,直到雨停。这个动作在雨停之前一直在做。
A.leave. B.left C.didn't leave (C)
“He didn't leave until it stopped raining.”,这是一个否定句,意思是直到雨停他才离开,也就是说在雨停之前他没有离开。
outside adv.外面(作状语)
反义词:inside
eg. He is waiting for me outside.
Ring v.(铃、电话等)响
过去式:rang; 过去分词:rung
[注]这种响是刺耳的,往往是提醒人做某事如:The telephone/door bell is ringing.
而风铃等响要用jingle jingle(bell):(铃儿)响叮当
v.给某人打电话:ring sb
n.打电话:give sb a ring
Remember to ring me.=Remember to give me a ring.
n.戒指The diamond ring on her finger sparkled in the sunlight.
aunt n.姑,姨,婶,舅母
所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼,男性则是uncle
他们的孩子:cousin:堂兄妹(不分男女)
cousin的孩子:nephew:外甥,niece:外甥女[记:“捏死”]
二、短语/固定搭配
look out of 向外看 out of是固定搭配 eg. I looked out of the window.
look at 看着 look out 当心 look after 照顾
look at(看着)
Look at the beautiful sunset.(看着那美丽的日落。)
She asked me to look at her new dress.(她让我看看她的新裙子。)
look out(当心)
Look out! There is a car coming.(当心!有一辆车开过来了。)
Look out when you cross the street.(你过马路的时候要当心。)
look after(照顾)
My mother looks after my little sister at home.(我妈妈在家照顾我的小妹妹。)
He has to look after his sick father in the hospital.(他不得不在医院照顾他生病的父亲。)
stay in bed 待在床上 eg. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
by train 乘火车 eg. I've just arrived by train
by直接加交通工具(不能有任何修饰词、复数) eg. I go out by bus.
get up 起床 eg. I get up at six o'clock every morning.
not... until... 直到...才 eg. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
三、重点句型
感叹句What+a/an+adj+n+主语+谓语
省略:
1.主、谓随时可省 eg:What a good girl (she is)!
2.省形容词
[注]有上下文和一定的语境,才能省略形容词。不能给对方造成误解。
如本文的What a day!根据上下文的It was dark outside.和It's raining again .可以推断出省略的是terrible.
课文精讲
It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays.
那是个星期天,而在星期天我是从来不早起的。
at表示“在某一时刻,某一时点”,所指的时间短,后面常常接时刻;
I get up at six o'clock every morning.(我每天早上六点起床。)
The meeting will start at 9:30.(会议将在9点30分开始。)
on表示“在具体某一天”,后接特定日期,或者特定日期的早上、下午或晚上;
We will have a party on Christmas Day.(我们将在圣诞节举办一个派对。)
I have an important exam on Monday morning.(我在星期一上午有一场重要的考试。)
in表示“在某世纪、年、季度、月、周”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。
My birthday is in June.(我的生日在六月。)
They will go to Paris in 2025.(他们将在2025年去巴黎。)
We often play football in the afternoon.(我们经常在下午踢足球。)
never是频度副词,从不、绝不,可以直接用在动词前,将肯定变否定。
eg. He never likes playing basketball.
频度副词:often usually sometimes always seldom never
从高到低的频度排序
always(总是)
表示事情发生的频率最高,几乎没有例外。例如:He always gets up early.(他总是早起。)
usually(通常)
表示事情发生的频率较高,大多数情况下会发生。例如:I usually have lunch at twelve.(我通常在12点吃午饭。)
often(经常)
表示事情发生的频率比较频繁,但不如usually那么高。例如:She often goes to the park on weekends.(她经常在周末去公园。)
sometimes(有时)
表示事情偶尔会发生,频率相对较低。例如:He sometimes forgets his keys.(他有时会忘记带钥匙。)
seldom(很少)
表示事情很少发生。例如:They seldom eat out.(他们很少在外面吃饭。)
never(从不)
表示事情从来没有发生过。例如:I never drink coffee.(我从不喝咖啡。)
I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候
Last Sunday I got up very late.
上个星期天,我起得很晚。
Be late for 迟到 eg. He is late for school.
I looked out of the window. It was dark outside.
我望望窗外,外面一片昏暗。
‘What a day!’ I thought. ‘It's raining again. ’
“鬼天气!”我想,“又下雨了。”正在这时,电话铃响了。
Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.
是我姑母露西打来的。
如果不知道对方性别时,可以用it取代。如有人敲门,可以问:Who is it
‘I've just arrived by train, ’ she said. ‘I'm coming to see you. ’
“我刚下火车,”她说,“我这就来看你。”
用come的现在进行时态be coming表示一般将来,同样的用法还有:go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join...
‘But I'm still having breakfast, ’ I said.
“但我还在吃早饭,”我说。
‘What are you doing ’ she asked.
“你在干什么?”她问道。
‘I'm having breakfast, ’ I repeated.
“我正在吃早饭,”我又说了一遍。
‘Dear me, ’ she said. ‘Do you always get up so late It's one o'clock!’
“天啊,”她说,“你总是起得这么晚吗?现在已经1点钟了!”
天哪!英国人说Dear me!或My dear! 美国人说:My god!
五、时态:现在进行和一般现在。
now:现在进行时(说话的当时正在发生,现阶段正在发生)
often,always:一般现在时
一般现在时,是一种习惯、真理,是过去、现在和未来都会发生的事情。
频率副词往往放在句子中间,实义动词前,非实义动词后。
如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词,要放在两个之间。
疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面。
非实义动词:
1.系动词(be)
2.助动词:帮助动词构成时态的(do,does,will,shall,have,had,has)
3.情态动词(must,can,may)
除此之外都是实义动词。