人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册复习提纲：单词变形，词组，重点句，作文（讲义）
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新人教高中英语选择性必修一考试复习提纲
单词变形，词组，重点句，作文
第一部分 派生单词汇总
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
派生单词
1.commit vt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commitment n.投入；奉献；承诺
2.academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj.学业的；学术的
3.objective n.目标；目的adj.客观的→subjective adj.主观的
4.botany n.植物学→botanical adj.植物学的
5.evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluation n.评价；评估
6.distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinction n.区别；差别
7.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledg(e)ment n.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
8.analyse/analyze vt. 分析→analyst n.分析师；分析家→analysis n.(pl.analyses)分析
9.apparent adj.显而易见的；明显的→apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
10.science n.科学→scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientist n.科学家
11.conclude vt.断定；推断出；(使)结束→conclusion n.结论；推论
12.novel n.(长篇)小说adj.新颖的；新奇的→novelist n.小说家
13.infer vt. (inferred，inferred，inferring)推断；推定→inference n. 推断；推论
14.politics n.政治→political adj.政治的→politician n.从政者；政治家；政客
15.gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→gently adv.轻轻地；温柔地
16.gradual adj.逐渐的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
17.consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此；所以→consequence n.结果；后果
18.remark v.& n. 谈论；评论→remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.惊人地
UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
派生单词
1.persuade vt.劝说；说服→persuasive adj.有说服力的→persuasion n.说服
2.distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n.距离
3.secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护→security n.保护措施；安全工作
4.automatic adj.自动的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地
5.integrate vi.& vt.(使)合并；成为一体→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的
6.efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv.有效地→efficiency n.效率；效能
7.prefer vt.更喜欢；偏好→preference n.爱好；偏爱
8.obey vi.& vt.服从；遵守→disobey vt.不服从
9.warn vt.警告→warning n.警告；警示；先兆
10.constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的n.常数；常量→constantly adv. 始终；一直
11.potential adj.可能的；潜在的 n.潜力；可能性→potentially adv.潜在地；可能地
12.detect vt.发现；查明→detective n.侦探
bine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合→combination n.结合(体)；联合(体)
14.predict vt.预测；预言；预料→prediction n.预测；预言
15.occupy vt.占据；占用；使忙碌；任职→occupied adj.被占领的；被占用的；忙于……的→occupation n.职业；占领
16.oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠→opposed adj.反对的→opposite adj.对面的；相反的 n.对立的人(或物)；对立面 prep在……对面
17.absent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的→absence n.不存在；缺乏；缺席
18.emphasis n.强调；重视；重要性→emphasize vt.强调
19.resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n.抵制；反对；抗拒
20.accurate adj.精确的；准确的→accuracy n.精确，准确
UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS
派生单词
1.visible adj.看得见的；可见的→invisible adj.看不见的
2.adopt vt.采用；采取；采纳 vt.& vi.领养→adopted adj.收养的；领养的→adoption n.收养；采用
3.bless vt. 祝福→blessing n. 幸事；福气→blessed adj. 有幸具有的；幸运的
4.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；阻止→prohibition n.禁止；阻止；禁令
5.reward n.报酬；奖金 vt.酬劳；奖赏→rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的
6.cycle n.自行车；摩托车；循环 vi.骑自行车→cyclist n.骑自行车的人
7.appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉 n.吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求→appealing adj.有吸引力的；恳求的
8.amuse vt.(提供)消遣；(使)娱乐→amused adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的→amusing adj.逗人笑的；有乐趣的；好笑的→amusement n.娱乐(活动)；愉悦
9.fashion n.时尚；时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj.流行的；时髦的
10.rare adj. 稀少的；珍贵的；(肉)半熟的→rarely adv.很少；难得
11.entertain vt.款待；使快乐→entertaining adj.愉快的；有趣的→entertainment n.娱乐；招待；娱乐活动；文娱节目
UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE
派生单词
1.interact vt.& vi.相互影响，互相作用→interaction n.交流；相互影响
2.vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→varied adj.各种各样的；多变的→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n.变化；多样性；种类
3.approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n.赞成；通过；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；许可的→disapprove vi.不同意vt.不批准
4.employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employment n.雇用；使用→employer n.雇主；老板→employee n.雇工；雇员→unemployed adj.失业的→unemployment n.失业；失业率
5.differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的→difference n.不同；差异
6.favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的
7.anger n.愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地
8.rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
9.slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微
10.assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n.评价；评定
11.educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n.教育；教育学；训练→educator n.教师；教育工作者；教育家
12.tend v.趋向；走势→tendency n.趋势；倾向
13.occupy vt.占据；占用；占领→occupation n.占领；工作；职业→occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的
14.distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心→distraction n.分心；分散
15.distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的
16.anxious adj.焦急的，焦虑的→anxiety n.焦虑；担心；害怕
17.embarrass vt.使局促不安→embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassment n.尴尬；难堪
18.shame n.羞耻；羞愧；让人遗憾的事→ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shameful adj.可耻的；不道德的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
19.adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustment n.调整；调节；适应→adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的
20.react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n.反应，回应
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
派生单词
1.devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devoted adj.深爱的；忠诚的→devotion n.奉献；忠诚；挚爱
2.short adj.短的；缺乏的；不足的→shortage n.不足；缺少；短缺→shorten v.(使)变短；缩短
3.convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的；坚信不疑的
4.convention n.惯例；习俗→conventional adj.传统的；习惯的
5.assume vt.假定；假设；认为；承担；假装→assuming conj.假定；假如→assumption n.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
6.intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的→intensity n.增强；加剧；紧张
7.expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)→expansion n.扩大；膨胀
8.consume vt.消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)→consumer n.消费者；顾客；用户→consumption n.消耗；消耗量；消费
9.real adj.真实的→realise vt.实现；意识到→reality n.现实；实际情况；事实
10.salt n.盐→salty adj.含盐的；咸的
11.extend v.使延长；扩大→extension n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机
12.chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n.化学制品；化学品→chemistry n.化学→chemist n.化学家；药剂师
13.nutrition n.营养；滋养→nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的
14.poor adj.贫穷的→poorly adv.糟糕地；不适→poverty n.贫穷；贫困
15.digest vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟n.摘要；文摘→digestion n.消化；消化能力
16.alternative n.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的→alternatively adv.可供选择地
17.deep adj.深的 adv.在深处，深深地→deeply adv.深刻地，强烈地，深沉地→deepen vt.加深→depth n.向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)
18.entire adj.全部的；完全的→entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地
第二部分 配套语法填空练习
用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.After two years，the second group saw__________ (remark) improvements in heart health.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
2.The __________ (novel) was about to leave when he noticed leaves moving gently (gentle) in the breeze.
3. __________ (found) in 1985 in Beijing，it is now a nationwide organization，where the performance of the employee __________(evaluate) last month.
4.__________ (encounter) a frightening beast on the way to the market the other day，the servant __________ (flee) with her heart beating wildly.
5.With the help of his classmates，Peter got used to the new life and __________(gradual) made progress in his studies.
6.From these facts we can draw a __________ (conclude) that we ought to adopt a more __________(science) approach to preserving the traditional customs.
7.The camps have excellent horses，__________ (profession) guides and lots of support workers.
8.Upon reaching his hometown in the __________ (distant)，the politician expressed a __________ (prefer) for the unique scenery.
9.China will safeguard energy security by resource protection，__________ (advocate) green lifestyles and consumer culture.
10.He insisted on going there alone in spite of a __________ (warn) issued by the local government.His behaviour was so strange and __________ (normal).
11.As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it __________(automatic).
12.In France，quality of life is much more important than __________ (efficient).(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
13.We followed Mr.Read’s speech attentively，nodding and applauding __________ (constant).
14.Overall，the results are quite interesting，indicating that language learning can be integrated with personal hobbies and __________(entertain).(2022·全国乙卷)
15.In this sense，nothing is as __________ (appeal) as spending time with the family and enjoying various entertainment activities.
16.His parents have been working away from home，thus rarely __________ (accompany) him，but he never complains about that.
17.After __________(cycle) for half an hour，I persuaded him to go to a restaurant for lunch where smoking __________(prohibit).
18.Our program，which is mainly about students’ study and school life，has a __________ (differ) topic each time.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
19.As a special __________ (educate) teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
20.However，her children have learned an important lesson __________ (witness) their mother earn her degree.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
21.When learning his friend had moved to a __________ (slight) larger house，he wandered around，depressed and full of __________(anxious).
22.There are __________(vary) approaches to the problem of selecting materials.
23.I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a __________(rely) person in the future.
24.In China，smiling is not only an expression of happiness，but also a way to avoid being __________ (embarrass).
25.As the educator puts it，__________ (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.
26.It is clarified that there are still a large number of people facing __________ (poor) in the area.
27.Yuan Longping chose to study agriculture and received an __________ (educate) at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.
28.She devoted herself __________ (entire) to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.
29.From now on，you’re going to have to stay away from __________(salt) food.(2021·全国乙卷)
30.We felt at home with her and were impressed with the __________ (deep) of her knowledge.
选择性必修第一册 课文重点短语
Unit 1
1.make a great discovery做出重大发现
2.lead to 通向;导致
3.hundreds of thousands of几十万;成千上万的
4.die from死于
5.commit oneself to do 某人承诺/保证做(某事、遵守协议或安排等)
6.graduate from毕业于
7.work at致力于……
8.form a team of...组成……团队
9.in the beginning开始;初期
10.get stuck陷入困境
11.by chance偶然;碰巧
13.more than超过;不只是
14.succeed in在……方面成功
15. 抱着...希望 in the hope of
16. 提供生活所需 provide for sb
17.insist on坚决要求
18.make sure确保
19.other than除了……之外;不同于
Unit 2
1.switch off/on 关/开(电灯、机器等)
2.daily routine 日常生活
3.early on 在初期;早先
4.catch fire 着火
5.in this sense (in…sense) 从这种(某种)意义上来讲
6.keep in touch (with.) (与…)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况)
Unit 3
1.on the move 在行进中;在移动中
2.set out 出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作
3.live off 依靠…生活;以吃…为生
4.appeal to 有吸引力;有感染力;呼呼;上诉;打动
5.up to 达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;
6.upside down 颠倒;倒转;翻转
Unit 4
1.by contrast 相比之下
2.by comparison (与…)相比较
3.make inferences 推理;推断
4.break down 消除;分解;打破
5.straighten up 直起来;整理;收拾整齐
6.in other words 换句话说;也就是说
7.call on (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
8.at work 有某种影响;在工作
Unit 5
1.devote...to 把…用于;献身;致力;专心
2.be comprised of 包括;包含;由…组成(或构成)
3.deep down 在内心深处;本质上;实际上
4. in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
5.for instance例如;比如
选择性必修第一册 课文重点句子
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
1.句式 sb./sth.+be+过去分词+to do...
教材原句 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
译文 青蒿素已成为疟疾治疗方法的重要部分,它被认为仅在非洲每年就能挽救10万人的生命。
2.句式 suggest doing sth.
教材原句 One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.
译文 一篇四世纪的医学文献建议使用青蒿的提取物来治疗发烧。
3.句式 after doing表示“介词+动名词”结构
教材原句 After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971.
译文 失败了190多次之后,这个团队在1971年终于成功了。
4.句式 most of whom表示“介词+关系代词”的定语从句
教材原句 Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
译文 后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试,大部分患者都康复了。
5.句式 upon doing表示“介词+动名词”结构
教材原句 Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said,“The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.”
译文 她一听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖,她就说:“这个荣誉不仅仅是我的。还有我身后的团队,我的国家的所有的人。”
6.In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句。表示地点的关系副词where引导定语从句, 介词短语In the beginning作状语;不定式短语to study malaria patients作目的状语;本句主句是Tu Youyou went to Hainan。
译文：一开始,为研究疟疾患者,屠呦呦去了海南,那里疟疾更常见。
7.From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments;关系代词that引导定语从句;介词短语From their research作状语。
译文：从他们的研究中,他们发现并测试了380种不同的古代中医疗法,在抗击疟疾方面这些疗法显示出了希望。
8.She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood.
句子分析：这是一个由连词and连接的并列句。第二分句中,使用了“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,其中现在分词suggesting a different way作宾语补足语,而不定式短语to treat the wormwood作后置定语,修饰way。译文：她再次分析了医学文献,偶然发现了暗示处理蒿的一种不同的方法的一句话。
UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
1.句式 keep +宾语+宾语补足语
教材原句 These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
译文 这些智能居室将确保我们的安全,节省我们的能源,并提供一个更加舒适的居住环境。
2.句式 the instant...引导时间状语从句,一……就……
教材原句 Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.
译文 你一进门,灯就会亮起来,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),并且你会发现晚餐已经为你准备好了。
3.句式 or或者,表并列
教材原句 They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
译文 如果有什么不正常的事情,或者你得了像癌症之类的重病,它们会提前提醒你,并有可能挽救你的生命。
4.句式 so that...引导结果状语从句;making...现在分词短语作结果状语
教材原句 For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, making your home more energy-efficient.
译文 例如,智能居室可以控制空调和灯,所以你就不必再打开和关闭开关了,这使你的家更节能。
5.句式 as引导方式状语从句
教材原句 The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you warning if there is a problem.
译文 智能居室还可以自我监控,以确保一切按照应该的样子工作,并在有问题时向您发出警告。
6.However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句前的介词短语作状语;从句中关系代词that引导定语从句,其中谓语部分由并列连词and连接,前后两部分中均有连词when引导的时间状语从句。
译文：然而,在不太远的将来,我们将生活在智能居室中。当我们离开的时候,智能居室会为我们锁上门;当我们忘记关掉电视的时候,智能居室会记得。
For example, if a water pipe starts leaking , or if there is a short in the electrical wiring, your smart home will detect it and provide with the relevant information.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句。从句是由并列连词or连接的两个分句组成,这两个分句均是由if引导的条件状语从句。
译文：例如,如果水管开始漏水,或者电线短路,您的智能居室就会检测到它,并向您提供相关信息。
UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS
1.句式 even though
教材原句 Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
译文 虽然阳光灿烂,但判断是早上还是晚上是不可能的。
2.句式 used to
教材原句 Sarek's mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice.
译文 萨勒克的山脉曾经被巨大的冰层覆盖。
3.句式 there be+名词+非谓语动词
教材原句 Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass.
译文 附近有几只驯鹿在草地上觅食。
5.Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句;现在分词短语Following the reindeer作表语,放于句首,主句使用了倒装句式;who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Sami people。
译文：跟随着驯鹿(步伐)的是萨米人,萨米人把这片土地当作他们的家园。
Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park, no one else can live here, and all new development is banned within park boundaries.
句子分析：这是一个并列复合句;though引导让步状语从句;and连接两个并列分句。
译文：虽然萨米人被允许在公园里继续他们的传统生活方式,但其他人不可以住在这里,公园范围内的一切新的开发活动都被禁止了。
UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE
1.句式 状语从句的省略
教材原句 In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
译文 在日本,和年长的人讲话时目光向下表示尊敬。
2.句式 动词+sb.+介词+the+表示身体部位的名词
教材原句 In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet.
译文 在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家,人们和朋友见面时可能会亲吻他们的脸颊。
3.句式 make+宾语+宾语补足语
教材原句 Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.
译文 专家建议对着镜子里的自己微笑来让自己感到更快乐、更坚强。
4.句式 否定词+比较级
教材原句 And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
译文 如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句;从句一是关系代词that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词way;从句二是一个定语从句,省略了关系代词that/which,修饰先行词culture。
译文：关键是以一种适合你所处的文化的方式使用肢体语言。
In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句;从句一是who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词someone;从句二作动词think的宾语。
译文：在日本,一个人看到另一个人用这个手势,他可能认为这意味着钱。
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
1.句式 过去分词作后置定语
教材原句 Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of China's most famous scientists.
译文 袁隆平被人们称为“杂交水稻之父”,是中国最著名的科学家之一。
2.句式 “介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句
教材原句 Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life.
译文 确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的数百万的中国农民一样。
3.句式 whether引导主语从句;it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语
教材原句 However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
译文 然而,培育出一种像水稻这样的自花传粉植物的杂交品种是不是可能的还存在很大的争议。
4.句式 given that...考虑到……
教材原句 Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure. However, this is far from the case.
译文 考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而,事实远非如此。
However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
句子分析：该句为主从复合句,句中what引导的是主语从句,that引导的是表语从句。
译文：然而,他最担心的是农民经常歉收,有时甚至严重缺乏吃的食物。
Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.
句子分析：该句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the first hybrid rice,that在从句中作主语。
译文：通过巨大的努力,袁(隆平)克服了巨大的技术困难,在1974年研制出了第一种可以用于种植的杂交水稻。
7.Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.
句子分析：该句为主从复合句,句中it为形式主语,that引导主语从句。
译文：据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物,他的杂交水稻品种让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
8.Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam.
句子分析：该句为主从复合句,that引导定语从句,修饰先行词many other countries,that在从句中作主语。
译文：袁(隆平)的创新不仅仅帮助养活了中国,而且养活了许多其他也依赖大米的国家,如印度和越南。
选择性必修第一册 作文
选必1Unit1 假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办“The scientist I admire most”征文活动。请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
1.概述我最敬佩的科学家
2.他/她的杰出事迹
3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响
注意：1.词数不少于80字；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
The scientist I admire most
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The scientist I admire most
For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country.
In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person. As a top scientist in the world, Mr. Yuan lived a very simple life, but his contributions were invaluable to the field of science and agriculture. Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. He devoted his whole life to his country and people, and even to the world.
So we should learn from Mr. Yuan. Love our country and serve our people.
【详解】1.词汇积累
想法：idea→view 不同的：different→various
优秀的：excellent→ outstanding 献身于：devote oneself to→be committed to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person
拓展句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person that deserves everyone's admiration.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country with heart and soul.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. （运用了虚拟语气）
选必1Unit1你们学校正在举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以以为中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹；2.意义或启示。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.题目已给你写好。
The Historical Figure in China
Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged,Fan Zhongyan is the most influential figure in my opinion.Here are the reasons.
Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty,Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great contributions to society.He spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous.Besides,he proposed the establishment of a national school system,which had a far-reaching influence on the Chinese educational system.What impressed me most is his famous philosophy of life: “Be the first to worry about the troubles across the land,the last to enjoy universal happiness.”Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to be a man of noble character.
选必1Unit2 随着社会的发展，各种发明以及高科技产品成为我们日常生活的必需品，如手机（mobile phone）、数码相机（digital camera）等。请以My Favourite Invention为主题，准备一篇发言稿，主要内容包括：
1.你喜欢的科技产品；
2.喜欢的理由。
注意: 1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everyone,
I’d like to make a speech with the title: My Favourite Invention.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
【答案】Hello, everyone,
I’d like to make a speech with the title: My Favourite Invention. Nowadays, various electronic products are springing up, making our life easy and efficient, among which my favourite invention is the mobile phone.
Compared with other electronic products, the mobile phone has become part of our life. As it combines the function of the telephone and the computer, we can keep in touch with our friends either by telephone or through WeChat. Additionally, we can almost do anything by means of a mobile phone, such as writing essays, distance learning, remote controlling over other electronic products, taking pictures, even seeing the doctor. What’s more, more uses will be integrated into the mobile phone, which hence will make it become the control center of our whole life.
That’s all. Thank you.
【详解】1. 词汇积累
如今：nowadays→at present 各种各样的：various→varied
另外：additionally→moreover 另外：what’s more→in addition
2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句
原句：Compared with other electronic products, the mobile phone has become part of our life.
拓展句：When we compare the mobile phone with other electronic products, we find the mobile phone has become part of our life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Nowadays, various electronic products are springing up, making our life easy and efficient, among which my favourite invention is the mobile phone. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] What’s more, more uses will be integrated into the mobile phone, which hence will make it become the control center of our whole life. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
选必1Unit2 社会发展到了2080年，照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应需求适时推出了家用机器人。请你根据要求写一篇发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家介绍这款家用机器人的主要功能。
注意：词数80词左右。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Thank you for attending our company’s news conference.With the acceleration of population aging,how to take care of the elderly has become a prominent social problem.
To solve this problem,our company put out the household robot designed to take care of old people.It not only can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs but also can accompany old people in having a chat,playing chess and doing exercise.Moreover,it can deal with emergencies.For example,if an old man falls ill suddenly,the robot will call doctors for help.
It would be a great help for you if you own such a robot.Thank you.
选必1Unit3旅游城市介绍
假如你是李华，受邀给China Daily的“City Tour”栏目写一篇短文，介绍第19届亚运会的举办城市--杭州。要点如下：
1.基本概括：浙江的省会城市，已有2200多年历史；2.杭州的旅游特色（自然风景、特色美食、传统文化等）
参考词汇：1.西湖 West Lake 东坡肉 Dongpo pork
注意：行文连贯，词数80左右。
As the capital and largest city of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou,together with the 19th Asian Games,is welcoming you!
With a history dating back over 2,200 years,Hangzhou is known for its rich cultural heritage and beautiful natural scenery.One of the city’s most famous attractions is the West Lake,which is a must-visit for tourists,surrounded by mountains and temples.In addition,Hangzhou enjoys a great reputation for its delicious cuisine.What impresses tourists most is the local specialty, “Dongpo Pork”a must-try dish for food enthusiasts.
Up above there is paradise,down here there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.She is waiting for you exploration.
选必1Unit4
假定你要参加你校英语俱乐部的写作比赛，请你按如下要求用英语写一篇短文参赛。
1. 下面三幅图中的肢体语言代表什么意思；
2. 你对肢体语言的认识与看法；
1)我们可以同时用话语和肢体语言来表达我们的思想和想法以及与他人交流；
2)在不同的文化中，一个手势可能有不同的含义；
3)读懂一个人的肢体语言对人们相处是非常重要的。
注意
1. 词数100左右。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 We all know that we can use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions and to communicate with other people in our daily life. And body language will surely make our words come to life.
Different body language has different meanings. For example, the thumbs-up gesture means “great” or “good job”, shaking one’s head means “no”, while nodding means “yes”. However, a gesture may have different meanings in different cultures.
So we ought to use them properly according to the country where we stay. Or we will be misunderstood by the native people. In order to use body language correctly and properly, we should firstly learn the culture and custom of the country as much as we can.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文。假定你要参加你校英语俱乐部的写作比赛，请你按如下要求用英语写一篇短文参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
观点：opinion→perspective
为了：in order to→so as to
例如：for example→for instance
肯定地：surely→certainly
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In order to use body language correctly and properly, we should firstly learn the culture and custom of the country as much as we can.
拓展句：We should firstly learn the culture and custom of the country as much as we can so that we can use body language correctly and properly.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We all know that we can use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions and to communicate with other people in our daily life. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] In order to use body language correctly and properly, we should firstly learn the culture and custom of the country as much as we can. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
选必1Unit4
根据提示,写一篇80词左右的短文。
人们通常使用口头语言进行交流,但是在日常生活中,人们也会广泛地使用肢体语言。你认为肢体语言重要吗 日常生活中你会使用它与其他人进行交流吗 写一篇有关肢体语言的短文,短文的开头已经给出,不计入总词数。
1.贯穿人类历史,人们都会使用肢体语言进行交流。肢体语言像口头语言一样重要;
2.当你的朋友伤心的时候,一个微笑或许比语言更有用;
3.在嘈杂的环境下,使用肢体语言去交流会更加容易。
People usually communicate with others by spoken words. However,body language is widely used in our daily life.
Have you ever used body language to communicate with others I think the answer is definitely yes.You must have smiled to your friend when you meet him again after a long time.Smiling is body language.And it is obvious that through human being’s history,people use body language to communicate with others frequently.When you find your
friend is depressed,you give him a smile to cheer him up and at that moment the smile is better than any word.When you are surrounded by noises,you cannot make yourself understood by words so you use body language to express your ideas.
As a conclusion,body language is as important as spoken language.
选必1Unit4咨询信
假设你是李华，正在应该牛津参加短期语言培训，你计划星期天去伦敦旅游。互联网上的一则广告引起了你的注意，但一些具体信息不明确（箭头所指内容）。以下是该则广告的信息。请给该广告的发帖人写封信，询问有关情况。
Dear Sir/Madame,
I am Lihua,a student attending short term English training course at Oxford University now.I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with some information regarding the one-day tour to London.
To begin with,I wonder if you could provide me with some specific information about fee.Do you have any special price for students and is the entrance fees for visiting the places included What about lunch Will your agency provide us with free meal In addition,I am curious about your timetable.How long will the tour last Since I need to prepare my lessons for the next day,it’s important for me to know the time to return.Besides,I’m wondering whether there is any time for shopping.I really want to have a look at the big stores in London.
Thank you for your kindness,and you prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.
选必1Unit5 正反观点写作
假定李是李华，最近你班就转基因技术开展了班级辩论。请你按以下要点用英语写一篇短文，向校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1.赞成方观点；2.反对方观点；3.你的观点。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节已，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：转基因技术 GM technology
Recently,there is a heated debate in our class on the topic of GM technology,and views on this issue vary from person to person in our class.
Those who are in favor of GM technology think it is a big step forward in science,which helps improve the quality of human food.However,some students have different opinions.They think GM technology is still at the experimental stage,so it is not safe for people to eat GM food.In addition,they are worried that the application of GM technology will cause environmental pollution.
In my opinion,while GM technology benefits us in many ways,there are still some unknown risks.Therefore,further scientific research and strict regulations are essential to ensure the safety of GM technology.
单词变形，词组，重点句，作文
第一部分 派生单词汇总
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
派生单词
1.commit vt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commitment n.投入；奉献；承诺
2.academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj.学业的；学术的
3.objective n.目标；目的adj.客观的→subjective adj.主观的
4.botany n.植物学→botanical adj.植物学的
5.evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluation n.评价；评估
6.distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinction n.区别；差别
7.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledg(e)ment n.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
8.analyse/analyze vt. 分析→analyst n.分析师；分析家→analysis n.(pl.analyses)分析
9.apparent adj.显而易见的；明显的→apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
10.science n.科学→scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientist n.科学家
11.conclude vt.断定；推断出；(使)结束→conclusion n.结论；推论
12.novel n.(长篇)小说adj.新颖的；新奇的→novelist n.小说家
13.infer vt. (inferred，inferred，inferring)推断；推定→inference n. 推断；推论
14.politics n.政治→political adj.政治的→politician n.从政者；政治家；政客
15.gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→gently adv.轻轻地；温柔地
16.gradual adj.逐渐的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
17.consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此；所以→consequence n.结果；后果
18.remark v.& n. 谈论；评论→remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.惊人地
UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
派生单词
1.persuade vt.劝说；说服→persuasive adj.有说服力的→persuasion n.说服
2.distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n.距离
3.secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护→security n.保护措施；安全工作
4.automatic adj.自动的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地
5.integrate vi.& vt.(使)合并；成为一体→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的
6.efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv.有效地→efficiency n.效率；效能
7.prefer vt.更喜欢；偏好→preference n.爱好；偏爱
8.obey vi.& vt.服从；遵守→disobey vt.不服从
9.warn vt.警告→warning n.警告；警示；先兆
10.constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的n.常数；常量→constantly adv. 始终；一直
11.potential adj.可能的；潜在的 n.潜力；可能性→potentially adv.潜在地；可能地
12.detect vt.发现；查明→detective n.侦探
bine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合→combination n.结合(体)；联合(体)
14.predict vt.预测；预言；预料→prediction n.预测；预言
15.occupy vt.占据；占用；使忙碌；任职→occupied adj.被占领的；被占用的；忙于……的→occupation n.职业；占领
16.oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠→opposed adj.反对的→opposite adj.对面的；相反的 n.对立的人(或物)；对立面 prep在……对面
17.absent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的→absence n.不存在；缺乏；缺席
18.emphasis n.强调；重视；重要性→emphasize vt.强调
19.resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n.抵制；反对；抗拒
20.accurate adj.精确的；准确的→accuracy n.精确，准确
UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS
派生单词
1.visible adj.看得见的；可见的→invisible adj.看不见的
2.adopt vt.采用；采取；采纳 vt.& vi.领养→adopted adj.收养的；领养的→adoption n.收养；采用
3.bless vt. 祝福→blessing n. 幸事；福气→blessed adj. 有幸具有的；幸运的
4.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；阻止→prohibition n.禁止；阻止；禁令
5.reward n.报酬；奖金 vt.酬劳；奖赏→rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的
6.cycle n.自行车；摩托车；循环 vi.骑自行车→cyclist n.骑自行车的人
7.appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉 n.吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求→appealing adj.有吸引力的；恳求的
8.amuse vt.(提供)消遣；(使)娱乐→amused adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的→amusing adj.逗人笑的；有乐趣的；好笑的→amusement n.娱乐(活动)；愉悦
9.fashion n.时尚；时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj.流行的；时髦的
10.rare adj. 稀少的；珍贵的；(肉)半熟的→rarely adv.很少；难得
11.entertain vt.款待；使快乐→entertaining adj.愉快的；有趣的→entertainment n.娱乐；招待；娱乐活动；文娱节目
UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE
派生单词
1.interact vt.& vi.相互影响，互相作用→interaction n.交流；相互影响
2.vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→varied adj.各种各样的；多变的→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n.变化；多样性；种类
3.approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n.赞成；通过；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；许可的→disapprove vi.不同意vt.不批准
4.employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employment n.雇用；使用→employer n.雇主；老板→employee n.雇工；雇员→unemployed adj.失业的→unemployment n.失业；失业率
5.differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的→difference n.不同；差异
6.favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的
7.anger n.愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地
8.rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
9.slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微
10.assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n.评价；评定
11.educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n.教育；教育学；训练→educator n.教师；教育工作者；教育家
12.tend v.趋向；走势→tendency n.趋势；倾向
13.occupy vt.占据；占用；占领→occupation n.占领；工作；职业→occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的
14.distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心→distraction n.分心；分散
15.distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的
16.anxious adj.焦急的，焦虑的→anxiety n.焦虑；担心；害怕
17.embarrass vt.使局促不安→embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassment n.尴尬；难堪
18.shame n.羞耻；羞愧；让人遗憾的事→ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shameful adj.可耻的；不道德的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
19.adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustment n.调整；调节；适应→adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的
20.react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n.反应，回应
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
派生单词
1.devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devoted adj.深爱的；忠诚的→devotion n.奉献；忠诚；挚爱
2.short adj.短的；缺乏的；不足的→shortage n.不足；缺少；短缺→shorten v.(使)变短；缩短
3.convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的；坚信不疑的
4.convention n.惯例；习俗→conventional adj.传统的；习惯的
5.assume vt.假定；假设；认为；承担；假装→assuming conj.假定；假如→assumption n.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
6.intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的→intensity n.增强；加剧；紧张
7.expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)→expansion n.扩大；膨胀
8.consume vt.消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)→consumer n.消费者；顾客；用户→consumption n.消耗；消耗量；消费
9.real adj.真实的→realise vt.实现；意识到→reality n.现实；实际情况；事实
10.salt n.盐→salty adj.含盐的；咸的
11.extend v.使延长；扩大→extension n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机
12.chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n.化学制品；化学品→chemistry n.化学→chemist n.化学家；药剂师
13.nutrition n.营养；滋养→nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的
14.poor adj.贫穷的→poorly adv.糟糕地；不适→poverty n.贫穷；贫困
15.digest vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟n.摘要；文摘→digestion n.消化；消化能力
16.alternative n.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的→alternatively adv.可供选择地
17.deep adj.深的 adv.在深处，深深地→deeply adv.深刻地，强烈地，深沉地→deepen vt.加深→depth n.向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)
18.entire adj.全部的；完全的→entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地
第二部分 配套语法填空练习
用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.After two years，the second group saw__________ (remark) improvements in heart health.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
2.The __________ (novel) was about to leave when he noticed leaves moving gently (gentle) in the breeze.
3. __________ (found) in 1985 in Beijing，it is now a nationwide organization，where the performance of the employee __________(evaluate) last month.
4.__________ (encounter) a frightening beast on the way to the market the other day，the servant __________ (flee) with her heart beating wildly.
5.With the help of his classmates，Peter got used to the new life and __________(gradual) made progress in his studies.
6.From these facts we can draw a __________ (conclude) that we ought to adopt a more __________(science) approach to preserving the traditional customs.
7.The camps have excellent horses，__________ (profession) guides and lots of support workers.
8.Upon reaching his hometown in the __________ (distant)，the politician expressed a __________ (prefer) for the unique scenery.
9.China will safeguard energy security by resource protection，__________ (advocate) green lifestyles and consumer culture.
10.He insisted on going there alone in spite of a __________ (warn) issued by the local government.His behaviour was so strange and __________ (normal).
11.As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it __________(automatic).
12.In France，quality of life is much more important than __________ (efficient).(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
13.We followed Mr.Read’s speech attentively，nodding and applauding __________ (constant).
14.Overall，the results are quite interesting，indicating that language learning can be integrated with personal hobbies and __________(entertain).(2022·全国乙卷)
15.In this sense，nothing is as __________ (appeal) as spending time with the family and enjoying various entertainment activities.
16.His parents have been working away from home，thus rarely __________ (accompany) him，but he never complains about that.
17.After __________(cycle) for half an hour，I persuaded him to go to a restaurant for lunch where smoking __________(prohibit).
18.Our program，which is mainly about students’ study and school life，has a __________ (differ) topic each time.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
19.As a special __________ (educate) teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
20.However，her children have learned an important lesson __________ (witness) their mother earn her degree.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
21.When learning his friend had moved to a __________ (slight) larger house，he wandered around，depressed and full of __________(anxious).
22.There are __________(vary) approaches to the problem of selecting materials.
23.I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a __________(rely) person in the future.
24.In China，smiling is not only an expression of happiness，but also a way to avoid being __________ (embarrass).
25.As the educator puts it，__________ (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.
26.It is clarified that there are still a large number of people facing __________ (poor) in the area.
27.Yuan Longping chose to study agriculture and received an __________ (educate) at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.
28.She devoted herself __________ (entire) to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.
29.From now on，you’re going to have to stay away from __________(salt) food.(2021·全国乙卷)
30.We felt at home with her and were impressed with the __________ (deep) of her knowledge.
选择性必修第一册 课文重点短语
Unit 1
1.make a great discovery做出重大发现
2.lead to 通向;导致
3.hundreds of thousands of几十万;成千上万的
4.die from死于
5.commit oneself to do 某人承诺/保证做(某事、遵守协议或安排等)
6.graduate from毕业于
7.work at致力于……
8.form a team of...组成……团队
9.in the beginning开始;初期
10.get stuck陷入困境
11.by chance偶然;碰巧
13.more than超过;不只是
14.succeed in在……方面成功
15. 抱着...希望 in the hope of
16. 提供生活所需 provide for sb
17.insist on坚决要求
18.make sure确保
19.other than除了……之外;不同于
Unit 2
1.switch off/on 关/开(电灯、机器等)
2.daily routine 日常生活
3.early on 在初期;早先
4.catch fire 着火
5.in this sense (in…sense) 从这种(某种)意义上来讲
6.keep in touch (with.) (与…)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况)
Unit 3
1.on the move 在行进中;在移动中
2.set out 出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作
3.live off 依靠…生活;以吃…为生
4.appeal to 有吸引力;有感染力;呼呼;上诉;打动
5.up to 达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;
6.upside down 颠倒;倒转;翻转
Unit 4
1.by contrast 相比之下
2.by comparison (与…)相比较
3.make inferences 推理;推断
4.break down 消除;分解;打破
5.straighten up 直起来;整理;收拾整齐
6.in other words 换句话说;也就是说
7.call on (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
8.at work 有某种影响;在工作
Unit 5
1.devote...to 把…用于;献身;致力;专心
2.be comprised of 包括;包含;由…组成(或构成)
3.deep down 在内心深处;本质上;实际上
4. in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
5.for instance例如;比如
选择性必修第一册 课文重点句子
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
1.句式 sb./sth.+be+过去分词+to do...
教材原句 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
译文 青蒿素已成为疟疾治疗方法的重要部分,它被认为仅在非洲每年就能挽救10万人的生命。
2.句式 suggest doing sth.
教材原句 One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.
译文 一篇四世纪的医学文献建议使用青蒿的提取物来治疗发烧。
3.句式 after doing表示“介词+动名词”结构
教材原句 After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971.
译文 失败了190多次之后,这个团队在1971年终于成功了。
4.句式 most of whom表示“介词+关系代词”的定语从句
教材原句 Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
译文 后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试,大部分患者都康复了。
5.句式 upon doing表示“介词+动名词”结构
教材原句 Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said,“The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.”
译文 她一听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖,她就说:“这个荣誉不仅仅是我的。还有我身后的团队,我的国家的所有的人。”
6.In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句。表示地点的关系副词where引导定语从句, 介词短语In the beginning作状语;不定式短语to study malaria patients作目的状语;本句主句是Tu Youyou went to Hainan。
译文：一开始,为研究疟疾患者,屠呦呦去了海南,那里疟疾更常见。
7.From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments;关系代词that引导定语从句;介词短语From their research作状语。
译文：从他们的研究中,他们发现并测试了380种不同的古代中医疗法,在抗击疟疾方面这些疗法显示出了希望。
8.She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood.
句子分析：这是一个由连词and连接的并列句。第二分句中,使用了“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,其中现在分词suggesting a different way作宾语补足语,而不定式短语to treat the wormwood作后置定语,修饰way。译文：她再次分析了医学文献,偶然发现了暗示处理蒿的一种不同的方法的一句话。
UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
1.句式 keep +宾语+宾语补足语
教材原句 These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
译文 这些智能居室将确保我们的安全,节省我们的能源,并提供一个更加舒适的居住环境。
2.句式 the instant...引导时间状语从句,一……就……
教材原句 Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.
译文 你一进门,灯就会亮起来,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),并且你会发现晚餐已经为你准备好了。
3.句式 or或者,表并列
教材原句 They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
译文 如果有什么不正常的事情,或者你得了像癌症之类的重病,它们会提前提醒你,并有可能挽救你的生命。
4.句式 so that...引导结果状语从句;making...现在分词短语作结果状语
教材原句 For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, making your home more energy-efficient.
译文 例如,智能居室可以控制空调和灯,所以你就不必再打开和关闭开关了,这使你的家更节能。
5.句式 as引导方式状语从句
教材原句 The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you warning if there is a problem.
译文 智能居室还可以自我监控,以确保一切按照应该的样子工作,并在有问题时向您发出警告。
6.However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句前的介词短语作状语;从句中关系代词that引导定语从句,其中谓语部分由并列连词and连接,前后两部分中均有连词when引导的时间状语从句。
译文：然而,在不太远的将来,我们将生活在智能居室中。当我们离开的时候,智能居室会为我们锁上门;当我们忘记关掉电视的时候,智能居室会记得。
For example, if a water pipe starts leaking , or if there is a short in the electrical wiring, your smart home will detect it and provide with the relevant information.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句。从句是由并列连词or连接的两个分句组成,这两个分句均是由if引导的条件状语从句。
译文：例如,如果水管开始漏水,或者电线短路,您的智能居室就会检测到它,并向您提供相关信息。
UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS
1.句式 even though
教材原句 Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
译文 虽然阳光灿烂,但判断是早上还是晚上是不可能的。
2.句式 used to
教材原句 Sarek's mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice.
译文 萨勒克的山脉曾经被巨大的冰层覆盖。
3.句式 there be+名词+非谓语动词
教材原句 Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass.
译文 附近有几只驯鹿在草地上觅食。
5.Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句;现在分词短语Following the reindeer作表语,放于句首,主句使用了倒装句式;who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Sami people。
译文：跟随着驯鹿(步伐)的是萨米人,萨米人把这片土地当作他们的家园。
Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park, no one else can live here, and all new development is banned within park boundaries.
句子分析：这是一个并列复合句;though引导让步状语从句;and连接两个并列分句。
译文：虽然萨米人被允许在公园里继续他们的传统生活方式,但其他人不可以住在这里,公园范围内的一切新的开发活动都被禁止了。
UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE
1.句式 状语从句的省略
教材原句 In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
译文 在日本,和年长的人讲话时目光向下表示尊敬。
2.句式 动词+sb.+介词+the+表示身体部位的名词
教材原句 In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet.
译文 在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家,人们和朋友见面时可能会亲吻他们的脸颊。
3.句式 make+宾语+宾语补足语
教材原句 Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.
译文 专家建议对着镜子里的自己微笑来让自己感到更快乐、更坚强。
4.句式 否定词+比较级
教材原句 And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
译文 如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句;从句一是关系代词that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词way;从句二是一个定语从句,省略了关系代词that/which,修饰先行词culture。
译文：关键是以一种适合你所处的文化的方式使用肢体语言。
In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
句子分析：这是一个主从复合句;从句一是who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词someone;从句二作动词think的宾语。
译文：在日本,一个人看到另一个人用这个手势,他可能认为这意味着钱。
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
1.句式 过去分词作后置定语
教材原句 Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of China's most famous scientists.
译文 袁隆平被人们称为“杂交水稻之父”,是中国最著名的科学家之一。
2.句式 “介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句
教材原句 Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life.
译文 确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的数百万的中国农民一样。
3.句式 whether引导主语从句;it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语
教材原句 However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
译文 然而,培育出一种像水稻这样的自花传粉植物的杂交品种是不是可能的还存在很大的争议。
4.句式 given that...考虑到……
教材原句 Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure. However, this is far from the case.
译文 考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而,事实远非如此。
However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
句子分析：该句为主从复合句,句中what引导的是主语从句,that引导的是表语从句。
译文：然而,他最担心的是农民经常歉收,有时甚至严重缺乏吃的食物。
Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.
句子分析：该句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the first hybrid rice,that在从句中作主语。
译文：通过巨大的努力,袁(隆平)克服了巨大的技术困难,在1974年研制出了第一种可以用于种植的杂交水稻。
7.Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.
句子分析：该句为主从复合句,句中it为形式主语,that引导主语从句。
译文：据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物,他的杂交水稻品种让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
8.Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam.
句子分析：该句为主从复合句,that引导定语从句,修饰先行词many other countries,that在从句中作主语。
译文：袁(隆平)的创新不仅仅帮助养活了中国,而且养活了许多其他也依赖大米的国家,如印度和越南。
选择性必修第一册 作文
选必1Unit1 假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办“The scientist I admire most”征文活动。请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
1.概述我最敬佩的科学家
2.他/她的杰出事迹
3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响
注意：1.词数不少于80字；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
The scientist I admire most
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The scientist I admire most
For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country.
In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person. As a top scientist in the world, Mr. Yuan lived a very simple life, but his contributions were invaluable to the field of science and agriculture. Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. He devoted his whole life to his country and people, and even to the world.
So we should learn from Mr. Yuan. Love our country and serve our people.
【详解】1.词汇积累
想法：idea→view 不同的：different→various
优秀的：excellent→ outstanding 献身于：devote oneself to→be committed to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person
拓展句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person that deserves everyone's admiration.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country with heart and soul.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. （运用了虚拟语气）
选必1Unit1你们学校正在举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以以为中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹；2.意义或启示。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.题目已给你写好。
The Historical Figure in China
Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged,Fan Zhongyan is the most influential figure in my opinion.Here are the reasons.
Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty,Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great contributions to society.He spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous.Besides,he proposed the establishment of a national school system,which had a far-reaching influence on the Chinese educational system.What impressed me most is his famous philosophy of life: “Be the first to worry about the troubles across the land,the last to enjoy universal happiness.”Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to be a man of noble character.
选必1Unit2 随着社会的发展，各种发明以及高科技产品成为我们日常生活的必需品，如手机（mobile phone）、数码相机（digital camera）等。请以My Favourite Invention为主题，准备一篇发言稿，主要内容包括：
1.你喜欢的科技产品；
2.喜欢的理由。
注意: 1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everyone,
I’d like to make a speech with the title: My Favourite Invention.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
【答案】Hello, everyone,
I’d like to make a speech with the title: My Favourite Invention. Nowadays, various electronic products are springing up, making our life easy and efficient, among which my favourite invention is the mobile phone.
Compared with other electronic products, the mobile phone has become part of our life. As it combines the function of the telephone and the computer, we can keep in touch with our friends either by telephone or through WeChat. Additionally, we can almost do anything by means of a mobile phone, such as writing essays, distance learning, remote controlling over other electronic products, taking pictures, even seeing the doctor. What’s more, more uses will be integrated into the mobile phone, which hence will make it become the control center of our whole life.
That’s all. Thank you.
【详解】1. 词汇积累
如今：nowadays→at present 各种各样的：various→varied
另外：additionally→moreover 另外：what’s more→in addition
2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句
原句：Compared with other electronic products, the mobile phone has become part of our life.
拓展句：When we compare the mobile phone with other electronic products, we find the mobile phone has become part of our life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Nowadays, various electronic products are springing up, making our life easy and efficient, among which my favourite invention is the mobile phone. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] What’s more, more uses will be integrated into the mobile phone, which hence will make it become the control center of our whole life. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
选必1Unit2 社会发展到了2080年，照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应需求适时推出了家用机器人。请你根据要求写一篇发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家介绍这款家用机器人的主要功能。
注意：词数80词左右。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Thank you for attending our company’s news conference.With the acceleration of population aging,how to take care of the elderly has become a prominent social problem.
To solve this problem,our company put out the household robot designed to take care of old people.It not only can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs but also can accompany old people in having a chat,playing chess and doing exercise.Moreover,it can deal with emergencies.For example,if an old man falls ill suddenly,the robot will call doctors for help.
It would be a great help for you if you own such a robot.Thank you.
选必1Unit3旅游城市介绍
假如你是李华，受邀给China Daily的“City Tour”栏目写一篇短文，介绍第19届亚运会的举办城市--杭州。要点如下：
1.基本概括：浙江的省会城市，已有2200多年历史；2.杭州的旅游特色（自然风景、特色美食、传统文化等）
参考词汇：1.西湖 West Lake 东坡肉 Dongpo pork
注意：行文连贯，词数80左右。
As the capital and largest city of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou,together with the 19th Asian Games,is welcoming you!
With a history dating back over 2,200 years,Hangzhou is known for its rich cultural heritage and beautiful natural scenery.One of the city’s most famous attractions is the West Lake,which is a must-visit for tourists,surrounded by mountains and temples.In addition,Hangzhou enjoys a great reputation for its delicious cuisine.What impresses tourists most is the local specialty, “Dongpo Pork”a must-try dish for food enthusiasts.
Up above there is paradise,down here there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.She is waiting for you exploration.
选必1Unit4
假定你要参加你校英语俱乐部的写作比赛，请你按如下要求用英语写一篇短文参赛。
1. 下面三幅图中的肢体语言代表什么意思；
2. 你对肢体语言的认识与看法；
1)我们可以同时用话语和肢体语言来表达我们的思想和想法以及与他人交流；
2)在不同的文化中，一个手势可能有不同的含义；
3)读懂一个人的肢体语言对人们相处是非常重要的。
注意
1. 词数100左右。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 We all know that we can use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions and to communicate with other people in our daily life. And body language will surely make our words come to life.
Different body language has different meanings. For example, the thumbs-up gesture means “great” or “good job”, shaking one’s head means “no”, while nodding means “yes”. However, a gesture may have different meanings in different cultures.
So we ought to use them properly according to the country where we stay. Or we will be misunderstood by the native people. In order to use body language correctly and properly, we should firstly learn the culture and custom of the country as much as we can.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文。假定你要参加你校英语俱乐部的写作比赛，请你按如下要求用英语写一篇短文参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
观点：opinion→perspective
为了：in order to→so as to
例如：for example→for instance
肯定地：surely→certainly
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In order to use body language correctly and properly, we should firstly learn the culture and custom of the country as much as we can.
拓展句：We should firstly learn the culture and custom of the country as much as we can so that we can use body language correctly and properly.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We all know that we can use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions and to communicate with other people in our daily life. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] In order to use body language correctly and properly, we should firstly learn the culture and custom of the country as much as we can. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
选必1Unit4
根据提示,写一篇80词左右的短文。
人们通常使用口头语言进行交流,但是在日常生活中,人们也会广泛地使用肢体语言。你认为肢体语言重要吗 日常生活中你会使用它与其他人进行交流吗 写一篇有关肢体语言的短文,短文的开头已经给出,不计入总词数。
1.贯穿人类历史,人们都会使用肢体语言进行交流。肢体语言像口头语言一样重要;
2.当你的朋友伤心的时候,一个微笑或许比语言更有用;
3.在嘈杂的环境下,使用肢体语言去交流会更加容易。
People usually communicate with others by spoken words. However,body language is widely used in our daily life.
Have you ever used body language to communicate with others I think the answer is definitely yes.You must have smiled to your friend when you meet him again after a long time.Smiling is body language.And it is obvious that through human being’s history,people use body language to communicate with others frequently.When you find your
friend is depressed,you give him a smile to cheer him up and at that moment the smile is better than any word.When you are surrounded by noises,you cannot make yourself understood by words so you use body language to express your ideas.
As a conclusion,body language is as important as spoken language.
选必1Unit4咨询信
假设你是李华，正在应该牛津参加短期语言培训，你计划星期天去伦敦旅游。互联网上的一则广告引起了你的注意，但一些具体信息不明确（箭头所指内容）。以下是该则广告的信息。请给该广告的发帖人写封信，询问有关情况。
Dear Sir/Madame,
I am Lihua,a student attending short term English training course at Oxford University now.I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with some information regarding the one-day tour to London.
To begin with,I wonder if you could provide me with some specific information about fee.Do you have any special price for students and is the entrance fees for visiting the places included What about lunch Will your agency provide us with free meal In addition,I am curious about your timetable.How long will the tour last Since I need to prepare my lessons for the next day,it’s important for me to know the time to return.Besides,I’m wondering whether there is any time for shopping.I really want to have a look at the big stores in London.
Thank you for your kindness,and you prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.
选必1Unit5 正反观点写作
假定李是李华，最近你班就转基因技术开展了班级辩论。请你按以下要点用英语写一篇短文，向校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1.赞成方观点；2.反对方观点；3.你的观点。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节已，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：转基因技术 GM technology
Recently,there is a heated debate in our class on the topic of GM technology,and views on this issue vary from person to person in our class.
Those who are in favor of GM technology think it is a big step forward in science,which helps improve the quality of human food.However,some students have different opinions.They think GM technology is still at the experimental stage,so it is not safe for people to eat GM food.In addition,they are worried that the application of GM technology will cause environmental pollution.
In my opinion,while GM technology benefits us in many ways,there are still some unknown risks.Therefore,further scientific research and strict regulations are essential to ensure the safety of GM technology.