中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 重点短语和语法 强化练 2024-2025学年高一上学期英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
一、重点短语翻译
1. (3种)宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
2. 有时;偶尔
3. 与……比较
4. 分离;分开
5. 决心;决定
6. 足球;足球运动
7. 体育场
8. 拳击运动
9. 羽毛球运动
10. 马拉松比赛
11.丧失信心
12.放弃
13.有作用或影响
14.而不是
15.停止做……
16.有时;偶尔
17.与……比较
18.偶然遇见
19.弄懂;了解……意义
20.与……竞争
21.in the new 在新的体育馆
22.the match 拳击比赛
23.an e-sports 一场电子竞技比赛
24.many good 大量优秀的运动员
25. in their sports 他们运动中的高手
26. at world championships 世界锦标赛的奖牌
27.the team 队长
28. to fall down 假装摔倒
29. of yuan 数百万元
30.you should never 你永远都不应该作弊
31.thousands of 数以千计的观众
32.have a attitude 有积极的态度
33.look like the girls看起来像那些苗条的女孩
34.try every new 尝试各种新的饮食
35.make exercise like more enjoyable使慢跑这样的锻炼更有趣
二、根据英文短语提示完成句子
36.她为其他人树立了很好的榜样。(set an example for/to)(汉译英)
37.无论遇到什么困难,我们都不会泄气。(lose heart)(汉译英)
38.输掉比赛教会了他更刻苦的练习,决不放弃!(give up)(汉译英)
39.我过去常把工作带回家,但是我不再那么做了。(used to)
but I don’t do it any more.
40.邀请你参加这个音乐节我感到非常荣幸。(feel honored to do)(汉译英)
三、根据汉语短语提示完成句子
41.How can you eat so much meat and still (保持苗条) (根据汉语提示补全句子)
42. (正如我们强调的那样) many times, “serve the people” is our first policy. (stress) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
43.In the first quarter of this year, sales of vegetable, seeds on Tmall doubled (和……相比) the same period last year. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
44. (即使,尽管) you’re just a second cousin, there’s still a family likeness. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
45.He is still energetic and (把健康归功于饮食和锻炼). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
46.When I came in, he (假装正在打字). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
47.The meeting (被安排在……举行) on Friday afternoon. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
48.Cigarette smoking (导致) about 90% of deaths from lung cancer. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
49.My sister is thinking of (报名参加) a yoga club. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
50.Because he (未能注意) details, the experiment (以失败告终). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
51.It is his balanced diet that has (有积极作用)his body shape. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
52.Nervously (面对挑战), I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
四、语法辨析填空
53.Don’t pretend (understand)when you don’t.(所给词的适当形式填空)
54.It can be (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55.It is (inspire) to work with people like those and I will miss them.(所给词的适当形式填空)
56.The ability to keep calm is one of his many (strong). (所给词的适当形式填空)
57.They were (determine) to drive the enemy out of their land. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58.To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59.His (injure) in the football match was slight. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60.The marriage was a (fail) and they both wanted to be free of it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61.Up to 1,000 (athlete) took part in the Olympics. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62.The China women’s volleyball team has gained many world (championship). (所给词的适当形式填空)
63.The swimmer gained 8 gold (medal) in the Olympics. (所给词的适当形式填空)
64.The professor is an (honour) man. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65.Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are both (master) in their sports. (所给词的适当形式填空)
66.Jordan is known for his (grace) basketball moves. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67.When I came in, he (pretend) to be reading English. (所给词的适当形式填空)
参考答案:
1.would rather do sth. than do sth. / prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. / prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 2.now and then 3.compare...with/to... 4.separate 5.determination 6.soccer 7.stadium 8.boxing 9.badminton 10.marathon
11.lose heart 12.give up 13.make a difference 14.rather than 15.stop doing sth. 16.at times 17.compare…with/to 18.come across 19.figure out 20.compete with
21.stadium 22.boxing 23.event 24.athletes 25.masters 26.medals 27.captain 28.pretend 29.millions 30.cheat 31.audience 32.positive 33.slim 34.diet 35.jogging
36.She set a good example for/to others.
这里时态可用一般过去时,表示过去的情况。表示“她”应用she,在本句中作主语;表示“为其他人树立了很好的榜样”应用set a good example for/to others,其中set an example for/to sb表“为某人树立榜样”,为固定搭配。故翻译为She set a good example for/to others.
37.Whatever difficulty we meet, we will never lose heart.
分析句意可知,本句可用时态为“主将从现”的主从复合句。表示“无论遇到什么困难”可用条件状语从句Whatever difficulty we meet;主句中表示“我们”可用代词we作主语;表示“都不会泄气”可用短语never lose heart,且短语前加will构成一般讲来时。故答案为Whatever difficulty we meet, we will never lose heart.
38.Failing in the competition taught him to practice harder and never give up.
表示“输掉比赛”应用动词短语fail in the competition;表示“教会”应用动词teach;表示“他”应用代词him;表示“更刻苦的”应用副词harder;表示“练习”应用动词practice;表示“决不放弃”应用动词短语never give up;分析句子结构和意思可知,“输掉比赛”作主语,用动名词形式,这句话描述的是过去的事情,谓语用一般过去时。故翻译为Failing in the competition taught him to practice harder and never give up.
39.I used to bring work home
设空处考查“我过去常把工作带回家”的英文表达,根据句意可知描述过去的状态,用一般过去时;表示“过去常常做某事”使用动词短语used to do sth;“把工作带回家”是动词短语bring work home。故填:I used to bring work home。
40.I feel greatly honored to invite you to the music festival.
句子陈述事实,时态使用一般现在时;主语是“我”;题目要求使用“feel honored to do”这个短语,它可以充当句子的谓语,可以在honored前添加一个副词greatly来修饰,表示“非常荣幸”;“邀请你参加这个音乐节”,翻译成“invite you to the music festival”,用动词不定式作原因状语,故整句可翻译为I feel greatly honored to invite you to the music festival.
41.stay slim
根据汉语提示“保持苗条”可知,此处使用固定短语stay slim,结合空前的情态动词can可知,应用动词原形。故填stay slim。
42.As we have stressed/As has been stressed
考查定语从句。句意:正如我们多次强调的那样,“为人民服务”是我们的第一方针。根据提示的汉语可知,此处应为as引导的非限制性定语从句,“强调”用括号提示stress,由句意可知,此处表示过去动作对现在产生的影响,用现在完成时,所以“正如我们强调的那样”应为as we have stressed,其中as在从句中作stress的宾语,指代主句的内容,或者使用现在完成时的被动形式,其中as在从句中作主语指代主句的内容,as has been stressed,因空格置于句首,首字母要大写。故填As we have stressed/As has been stressed。
43.compared with
考查动词短语。句意:今年第一季度,天猫蔬菜、种子的销售额比去年同期相比翻了一番。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词“doubled”,故空处需填非谓语动词,“和……相比”用动词短语compare with表示,结合句意可知“sales of vegetable, seeds”和“compare”之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作状语。故填compared with。
44.Even though
考查让步状语从句。句意:虽然你们只是表兄妹,但还是很像一家人。根据汉语提示可知,even though“即使,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,故填Even though。
45.owes his good health to diet and exercise
考查动词短语。句意:他仍然精力充沛,并且将健康归功于饮食和锻炼。“将……归功于”为动词短语owe...to...,“他的健康”为his good health,“饮食和锻炼”为diet and exercise。空处为and连接的并列谓语,主语为he,谓语动词用单三形式。故填owes his good health to diet and exercise。
46.pretended to be typing
结合汉语提示“假装正在做某事”可知短语为pretend to be doing sth.;表示“打字”应用type。结合上文came可知为一般过去时。故填pretended to be typing。
47.is scheduled to be held
“被安排做某事”可用动词短语be scheduled to do sth.,结合“on Friday afternoon”可知,此处是当前的安排,时态应用一般现在时,主语The meeting为单数,be动词应用is,“举行”可用动词hold,hold和The meeting逻辑上是被动关系,因此hold需用不定式的被动式。故填is scheduled to be held。
48.results in/leads to
“导致”使用动词短语result in/lead to,句子描述客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语是Cigarette smoking,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填results in/leads to。
49.signing up for
表示“报名参加”应为sign up for,位于介词of之后,所以此处应为动名词短语作宾语,且表示主动意义。故填signing up for。
50. failed to pay attention to ended up in failure
“未能做某事”fail to do sth.,“注意”pay attention to,“以失败告终”end up in failure,句子描述过去的情况,应用一般过去时,动词使用过去式形式。故填①failed to pay attention to,②ended up in failure。
51.made/had a positive impact on
表示“有积极作用”应为make/have a positive impact on。分析句子结构可知,此处应为该句的谓语,且句子主语是his balanced diet,空前有has,谓语动词应使用现在完成时。故填made/had a positive impact on。
52.facing challenges
“面对挑战”要用face challenges来表示;分析句子成分和句子结构可知,I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”为省略了引导词that的宾语从句,I know为主句,句中无其他连词,可知设空处是非谓语动词;句子主语I与face之间是主动关系,所以要用现在分词形式,在句中充当时间状语。故填facing challenges。
53.to understand
pretend to do sth.为固定短语,意为“假装做某事”,故填to understand。
54.beneficial
根据空格前的系动词be可知,空格处应填形容词作表语,根据句意“受益的”是beneficial。故填beneficial。
55.inspiring
此处形容词作表语,修饰不定式“to work with people like those and I will miss them”表示令人鼓舞的,应用形容词inspiring。故填inspiring。
56.strengths
分析可知,空处意为“优点”,为名词strength,many表示应该用复数。故填strengths。
57.determined
空处应填形容词determined,表示“决心”,作表语。故填determined。
58.strengthen
分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式作目的状语,所以本空应用动词strengthen,意为“增强,加强”。故填strengthen。
59.injury
His表明空处应该为名词,injure的名词为injury,意为“伤害”,was表明应该用单数。故填injury。
60.failure
根据设空处前的不定冠词a可知,此处应用单数名词,failure意为“失败的事”,为抽象名词具体化。故填failure。
61.athletes
可数名词athlete(运动员)作主语,有数词“1,000”修饰,用复数形式。故填athletes。
62.championships
根据句意和many可知,此处应填名词championship“冠军”的复数形式championships,作has gained的宾语。故填championships。
63.medals
空前由数词8修饰,名词应用复数形式,作动词gained的宾语。故填medals。
64.honored
修饰man应用形容词honored,作定语。故填honored。
65.masters
前面有both,因此需要填入名词的复数形式,作表语。master“大师”的复数形式为masters。故填masters。
66.graceful
本空用形容词graceful“优雅的”,修饰basketball moves,作前置定语。故答案为graceful。
67.pretended
根据句中came可知,句子使用一般过去时,动词应用过去式形式。故填pretended。
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