北京市朝阳区2024-2025学年度第一学期期中质量检测
高三英语试卷
2024.11
(考试时间90分钟 满分100分)
本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My 10-year-old son Egbert was a picky eater - he only ate chicken nuggets and yogurt - and unwilling to try new things. According to him, it’s because he has phobias, including heights and the dark. I was hoping to find a way to ____1____ him without using old sayings like “If you don’t try it, you’ll never know if you like it.” So before our skiing trip to Los Angeles, I ___2___ a rule: we would say yes to everything, including new foods and experiences.
We said yes from the beginning of our trip. At the airport café, Egbert began by trying new foods like vegetable meatballs. ___3___, he rated it as “not bad”. The next day in the snowboarding school, despite the fear of heights, Egbert challenged himself to learn how to ride a chairlift. After skiing, we were both cold and wet, and Egbert suggested the outdoor hot tub (浴缸). Though it would be a completely new experience for us, I ___4___ it together with him and the experience proved to be a delight. I felt ___5___ of myself for trying something new.
On our summer holidays, we continued the ___6___ of saying yes. At the competition in Cody, Wyoming, neither of my son and I ___7___ when we were invited onto the field to join in the horse racing. Though we came back without prizes, we were both laughing, sweaty and ___8___. I know it’s a moment we’ll never forget.
Therein lies the ___9___ of saying yes on vacation: it pushes us out of our comfort zone, though it’s not always possible to say yes to everything in our daily life. Developing a sense of ____10____ helps us live life to the fullest - even if we sometimes wind up cold and wet.
1. A. warn B. award C. order D. encourage
2. A. broke B. set C. changed D. remembered
3. A. Strangely B. Clearly C. Undoubtedly D. Surprisingly
4. A. braved B. adjusted C. missed D. discussed
5. A. afraid B. proud C. nervous D. respectful
6. A. tradition B. lesson C. trend D. celebration
7 A. cared B. agreed C. panicked D. hesitated
8. A. puzzled B. touched C. excited D. disappointed
9 A. risk B. beauty C. cost D. duty
10. A. devotion B. identity C. adventure D. happiness
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The Chinese delegation (代表团) concluded the 2024 Paris Olympics with a remarkable achievement of 40 gold medals. 404 athletes ____11____ participated in 232 events across 30 sports won a total of 91 medals. This represents a ____12____ (significance) breakthrough — Chinese athletes have demonstrated huge potential in sports where we have been late starters, while holding the leading position in events such as diving and table tennis. The Paris Olympics provided a global platform for China ____13____ (show) its sportsmanship, confidence and openness.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Recently, I attended a high school reunion. As I walked into the room, a rush of emotions overcame me. Faces that I hadn’t seen in years ____14____ (smile) back at me. Memories of carefree days in our youth flooded back. We recalled the classes, the sports events and the tricks. ____15____ that wonderful evening, we talked about our dreams we had at that time and ____16____ life had unfolded since. We reconnected with old friends, ____17____ (realize) that the bonds of high school still held strong.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Now hundreds of Baidu’s Apollo Go robotaxis are operating on the streets of Wuhan, Hubei province. These vehicles, ____18____(equip) with Baidu’s latest technology to keep safe, have become popular. People are attracted by the competitive price offers and good service. And new job ____19____(opportunity) will come with the rising demand for robotaxis, such as cleaning and repairing. However, robotaxis have also raised people’s concerns. Thus, more efforts____20____(require) to enhance self-driving testing and related technology.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Disinformation, which is false information spread on purpose, has become a cause of concern recently. In response to this rising global threat, the United Nations Information Centre (UNIC) Canberra and its partners will be organizing a two-day conference, DISINFO PACIFIC, on November 11 and 12, 2024.
The conference will focus on strategies for preventing and reducing disinformation, as well as applying best practices to address this global challenge. It aims to provide a forum (论坛) for journalists, social media experts, educators, researchers, policy-makers and communications professionals, from within and outside the UN.
Currently, we are in search of social media volunteers to provide online assistance for this conference.
Requirements:
· Outstanding oral and written communication skills
· Professional graphic (绘图的) design experience
· Prior involvement in designing document layouts
· In-depth familiarity with graphic design apps
· Working knowledge of the English language
Note: A degree in graphic design or a related field is considered a plus.
Responsibilities:
· Developing a comprehensive social media release plan
· Assisting in choosing the right types of media and updating conference information on a daily basis
· Working together with our communications team to create social media activities according to agreed requirements
· Developing a series of social media resources once the final concept is agreed upon, with a particular focus on a youth (university level) student audience
Join us now as a social media volunteer and help build a future with less disinformation. You will also have the opportunity to build connections with the UNIC Canberra and its partners and learn about the ways in which social media communication can support the promotion of a conference centering on disinformation.
Find out more at https://app.unv.org/opportunities.
21. According to the passage, volunteers should .
A. hold a degree in graphic design
B. be able to develop graphic design apps
C. have a great communicative competence
D. be as fluent in English as native speakers
22. If selected, volunteers will .
A. release a UNIC work plan B. help design social media activities
C. evaluate the final concept D. provide weekly media updates
23. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To promote a conference. B. To seek online volunteers.
C. To highlight a global threat. D. To introduce an organization.
B
I’m walking around the house with a severe limp (跛行) and actively second-guessing every decision I’ ve ever made. That can only mean one thing: I just ran my one race for the year.
The 7-mile race is in my hometown in Illinois, and I’ ve been doing it almost every year since I was a 12-year-old boy. I reached my peak about 15 years ago and have been performing poorly ever since.
Why do I keep going if I no longer enjoy it and am getting worse every year Tradition, mostly. Besides, I don’t dislike the whole race, just the running part. I like seeing all the running club members I’ ve known since childhood, and I love the free beer afterward. Running is just a minor block on the way to the good stuff.
That day, I was accompanied to the race by a group of three extremely in-shape people. We all live in the same Indianapolis suburb. These guys bike and run countless miles, often in the same day. One has done dozens of Spartan Races, which require the player to crawl through mud, flip tires and throw spears. Another is training for a triathlon (三项全能运动). In addition to being faster than me on foot, in the water and on wheels, he can also outlift me.
I didn’t hold much hope for the race— no one puts less pressure on me than me. Between miles 4 and 5, I felt so good that I wondered why I only do this once a year. Then I hit mile 6, and my body warned me. I pushed myself until I had a mile left, at which point my legs decided they were done. Determination and a can-do attitude are no match for gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slowly made my way to the finishing line.
Still, I can honestly say I gave everything I had. My slow, plodding (步履艰难的) finish was actually a victory that proves I gave it my all. I don’t need a huge cup to honor my heroic performance. My aching knee is enough of a souvenir.
A day later, even as my entire body tells me I’m an idiot, I can’t help but feel that the race was a success. I’ve decided to keep doing this race as long as my legs can support me.
24. The author ran the race because .
A he wanted to keep the old custom B. he wanted to compete with friends
C. he intended to build up his body D. he enjoyed long-distance running
25. Why did the author mention the in-shape people
A. To give his reason for low self-expectation.
B. To show his envy of their athletic abilities.
C. To emphasize his strong will to win the race.
D. To express his confidence in finishing the race.
26. What do we know about the author during the race
A. He struggled from beginning to end.
B. He broke his leg at the finishing line.
C. He experienced pressure from himself.
D. He pushed himself to the limits to make it.
27. How did the author feel after the race
A. Surprised. B. Satisfied. C. Regretful. D. Grateful.
C
A species can be termed temporarily “lost” after not being sighted for a decade, but researchers still hope to find it again eventually. In 2023, that hope led to the rediscovery of Attenborough’s echidna, unseen for half a century. Inspired, Thomas Evans and his team have created a database of 856 lost and 424 rediscovered species.
The database keeps growing faster than explorers can keep up with, despite increasingly advanced technologies for tracing unseen creatures reaching an expertise level. The study indicates many rediscovered species appear to follow a rather similar trend: they are big, appealing mammals or birds tending to live near humans and in more-developed countries. Thus, Evans says if an animal is up to snuff but continues to be out of researchers’ sight after long searches, it’s probably gone forever. On the contrary, animals that don’t exhibit the pattern for easy rediscovery are very much alive out there. “Because they are generally difficult to come across and are therefore met with less exploratory attention, in most cases, small, unattractive species are more likely to be seemingly extinct but still alive,” Evans says.
Evans hopes such details will help conservationists like Christina Biggs, who has been drawing upon a list of 25 “most wanted” species for Texas-based charity Re: wild since 2017. “Currenuly, Re: wild is finalizing its 2024 search lists, using the study’s results. We have to make hard decisions on where to put our money, and Evans’s research helps to direct us,” says Biggs.
But is it always in a lost species’ best interest to be found After a rediscovery, it can take months to secure an area from hunters or tourists. “In publicizing something you’ve rediscovered, you’re publicizing a food source for hunters,” says biologist James Kempton. Biggs notes, however, rediscoveries often strengthen protection efforts. When a species is rediscovered, protected areas will be made possible. Biggs adds that for some hard- to-find species, researchers could use Evans’s study to decide if a creature is likely still alive — and then draw broad protected areas around its general region, where other endangered species also live, rather than send possibly fruitless explorers to the area to prove the animal’s existence.
Beyond the scientific gains, searching for lost species plays a crucial role in understanding and protecting our world. Once, the Yongsu Sapari community used Attenborough’s echidnas as a peace tool to settle arguments. “If brothers fought, they had to find an Attenborough’s echidna, a solution that is increasingly difficult,” Biggs says. “So, everything is connected. Every species behaves in an ecosystem and fulfills a purpose.”
28. What does the underlined phrase “is up to snuff” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Fits the profile. B. Adapts well.
C. Breaks the habit. D. Grows mature.
29. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Technology has reduced the number of missing species.
B. Publicizing rediscovery secures the future of lost species.
C. Larger animals face a higher extinction risk than smaller ones.
D. Animals neighboring humans receive more attention in searches.
30. What might Christina Biggs agree with
A. The number of echidnas will increase after its rediscovery.
B. Exploratory missions matter more than habitat preservation.
C. Extinct species come with both ecological and cultural losses.
D. Thomas Evans has instructed Re: wild to identify the 25 species.
D
Over the summer, the neuroscientist Christ of Koch accepted defeat on his 25-year bet with the philosopher David Chalmers, a lost wager that the science of consciousness would be all wrapped up by now. Despite decades of research, there’s little sign of shared understanding on consciousness, with several competing theories still being debated.
In my new book entitled Why , I take head-on the question of why it’s so hard to make progress on consciousness. The core difficulty is that consciousness cannot be easily observed. You can’t look inside someone’s brain and see their feelings and experiences. Science does deal with things that can’t be observed, such as fundamental particles (粒子), quantum wave functions (量子波函数), and maybe even other universes. But consciousness poses an important difference: in all of these other cases, we theorize about things we can’t observe in order to explain what we can observe. Uniquely with consciousness, the thing we are trying to explain cannot be publicly observed.
How then can we investigate consciousness I argue that we can account for the evolution of consciousness only if we reject reductionism (简化论) about it. Most consciousness researchers employ a reductionist view of the universe, where physics is running the show. Thus, insofar as there are some future possibilities left open by the arrangements of particles in our brains, they are settled by nothing more than the random chanciness implicit (含蓄) in quantum mechanics.
Some challenges have emerged lately to this reductionist model. The neuroscientist Kevin Mitchell argues that the free will of conscious organisms plays a role in determining what will happen in the brain, over and above what is settled by the laws of physics. Evolution offers one of the strongest challenges. Natural selection only cares about behavior, as it’s only behavior that matters for survival. Rapid progress in AI and robotics has made it clear, however, that extremely complex behaviour can exist in a system that entirely lacks conscious experience. For any adaptive behaviour associated with consciousness, there could be a nonconscious mechanism that inspires the same behaviour. Given this, it is a deep mystery why consciousness evolved at all. But suppose the emergence of biological consciousness brings into existence radically new forms of behavior, over and above what physics alone could produce. Perhaps organisms that have conscious awareness of the world around them, and thereby freely respond based on that awareness, behave very differently than mere mechanisms. Consequently, they survive much better. With these assumptions, we can make sense of natural selection’s preference for conscious organisms.
As a philosopher, in Why , I develop a radical form — the view that consciousness goes right down to the fundamental building blocks of reality — aimed at addressing the philosophical challenges of consciousness, as well as providing a framework for scientists to make progress on the scientific issues. It is a pincer movement (钳形运动) of science and philosophy that will, ultimately, crack the mystery of consciousness.
31. What can we learn about consciousness from this passage
A. Consciousness evolves from behavior.
B. Scientists theorize consciousness to observe it.
C. Consciousness lacks observable phenomena to study.
D. Quantum wave functions help explain consciousness.
32. As for Kevin Mitchell’s argument, the author is .
A. supportive. B. disapproving. C. neutral. D. uncertain.
33. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Physicists’ researches reject reductionism.
B. Brain works independently of the physics principles.
C. The nature of consciousness requires further investigation.
D. Natural selection proves reductionist views of consciousness.
34. What is the best title of the passage
A. A Debate over the Nature of Consciousness.
B. Consciousness and Behavior: A Philosophical Perspective.
C. The Role of Natural Selection in Consciousness Development.
D. Beyond Reductionism: Exploring the Evolution of Consciousness.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Considering they are the world’s most numerous areas of water, it is surprising that ponds are poorly understood. There are millions — possibly billions — of them. ____35____
This neglect might not have mattered if it were not for increasing evidence that ponds are extremely important habitats for wildlife as they have rich, diverse and distinctive communities with varied rare and endangered species. Across many landscapes, they are being shown to support far greater variation of species than rivers and streams. ____36____ It allows them to have a wider range of conditions compared with rivers and streams where flowing water tends to homogenise (同质化) water chemistry.
So why have we failed to notice such a vital part of the natural world A key reason appears to be what freshwater scientist John Downing has called “a saliency error”: the misjudgment where we humans naturally assume that if something is small, it can’t be all that important. ____37____ We don’t realise that these waters have a deeply ancient origin and have existed on Earth as long as there has been land and water.
These misunderstandings within freshwater science have had a big impact on our ability to protect their wildlife. In Europe, for example, the Water Framework Directive mostly excludes any bodies of water smaller than 50 hectares.
____38____ Last year, the Ramsar Convention, an international agreement, introduced a resolution on small wetlands, including ponds, giving crucial recognition to them. And the European Union-funded PONDERFUL project is gathering data on Europe’s ponds. However, there remains much to do. As the effects of climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need to move across the landscape to survive. ____39____ They are easy to make and they colonize rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt over short timescales.
A. Viewpoints are changing, fortunately, to the benefit of ponds.
B. This biodiversity seems to be partly due to the small size of ponds.
C. A study shows they make up much of the global water environment.
D. Yet for a century or so, scientists have paid them very little attention.
E. We can create ponds in considerable numbers as one of the few habitats.
F. There is increasing evidence of the importance of ponds for biodiversity.
G. Most of us also devalued ponds because we regard them as artificial habitats.
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节 (共4小题; 第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others, but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative.
Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage.
The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is to adopt new habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks.
If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off.
40. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism
____________________________________________________________________________________
41. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism
____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance.
____________________________________________________________________________________
43. What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim在社交媒体上看到了含有流行语“Beijing, city or not city, ah ”的短视频。这些短视频生动展现了北京的独特活力。Jim对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问相关情况。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 介绍北京的活力；
2. 简要说明理由。
注意：1. 词数100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词: 有活力的 vibrant
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua北京市朝阳区2024-2025学年度第一学期期中质量检测
高三英语试卷
2024.11
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. C
【答案】11. who
12. significant
13. to show
【答案】14. were smiling
15. On 16. how
17. realizing
【答案】18. equipped
19. opportunities
20. are required
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【答案】24. A 25. A 26. D 27. B
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分，共10分)
【答案】35. D 36. B 37. G 38. A 39. E
【答案】40. We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback— even when it is negative.
41. Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause hurt or damage.
42. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance.
They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities.
43. Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition, accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve ourselves.
44【答案】Dear Jim,
I’ve also noticed that videos using the catchphrase “Beijing, city or not city, ah ” have gone viral on social media, and I’d like to share more about how vibrant Beijing is.
I think Nanluoguxiang perfectly embodies the vitality of Beijing. As you stroll through its narrow alleys, you’ll be greeted by a wide variety of cafés, bookstores, bars and boutique shops, each providing its own lively atmosphere. The buzz of conversation, the smell of freshly brewed coffee, and the laughter from people enjoying their time out make Nanluoguxiang a popular destination for both locals and visitors.
This hutong is not just a place to shop or dine, it’s a vibrant community where people immerse themselves in the rich cultural heritage of Beijing.
Come experience it!
Yours,
Li Hua
