专题10 句子种类课件(共40张PPT) 2025年中考英语人教版一轮专题复习
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| 名称 | 专题10 句子种类课件(共40张PPT) 2025年中考英语人教版一轮专题复习 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-11-12 15:27:47 | ||
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(共40张PPT)
第二部分 语法精研
专题十 句子种类
返回
目录
目录
CONTENTS
要点聚焦·精准导练
01
专项练习·能力通关
02
命题点一 陈述句
知识必备 陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人观点或看法的句
子。读时一般用降调，句末用句号。
肯定句 主语＋be动词＋其他 Lily is an American girl.
主语＋实义动词＋其他 His parents teach math in this school.
主语＋情态动词＋动
词原形＋其他 She can speak a little English.
陈述句的结构
否定句 主语＋be动词＋not＋其他 We were not at home last night.
主语＋助动词＋not＋动词原形＋其他 We didn’t have an umbrella so we were wet and cold.
主语＋情态动词＋not＋动词原形＋其他 Because of the bad weather， we couldn’t see anything below the hill.
小试身手
按要求改写句子。
1. （2024·重庆A卷）She visited her grandparents last Sunday.（改
为否定句）
She her grandparents last Sunday.
2. （2024·牡丹江）The little girl is too shy to speak in public.（改
为同义句）
The little girl is so shy that she in public.
3. His brother joined the army three years ago.（改为同义句）
His brother in the army for three years.
didn’t
visit
can’t
speak
has
been
命题点二 疑问句
1. 一般疑问句：一般疑问句是能用yes或no来回答的疑问句，答句的主
语一般用代词。其结构为：
（1）Be动词＋主语＋其他？
be动词 示例
am， is， are， was， were Is your brother at home？
Was the farmer nice？
（2）助动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？
助动词 示例
do/does/did， have/has， shall， will，would等 Did everyone have a good weekend？
Will schools be different in the future？
（3）情态动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？
情态动词 示例
can（could）， wil（would）， may（might）， must， need， shall（should）等 Can I take a message for him？
May I ask why you made that decision？
Should I ask him when he will arrive here？
情态动词 示例
注意：用情态动词must提问时，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。
如：－Must I give the book back to the library this week？ －No， you needn’t/don’t have to.
疑问代词 用法 示例
what 对事物或者抽象概念提问 What’s the matter？
询问职业或身份 What is your father？＝What
does your father do？
后接名词构成疑问词组 What animals do you like？
2. 特殊疑问句：由疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句，不能用yes或
no回答，答语为陈述句。
（1）疑问代词的用法
疑问代词 用法 示例
who/ whom 对人提问，主格用
who，宾格用
whom/who Who went to the park with Jack？
Whom did Tom go to the park with？
whose 对所属关系提问 Whose handbag is lost？
which 询问范围中的哪一个 Which girl is your sister？
which 后接名词构成疑问 词组 Which color do you prefer， red or
purple？
（2）疑问副词的用法
疑问副词 用法 示例
when 询问时间 When does he get up in the morning？
where 询问地点 Where did you go on vacation？
why 询问原因 Why do you like pandas？
疑问副词 用法 示例
why 提出建议 Why don’t you have a try？＝Why not have a try？
how 询问健康 How is he feeling today？
询问方式 How do you make a kite？
询问特征 How was your school trip？
疑问副词 用法 示例
注意：how后接形容词、副词等，表示询问时长、频率、数量、价格、
距离等，如： how many多少；how much多少（钱）；how long多长时间；how often多久一次；how soon再过多久；how far多远
3. 选择疑问句：选择疑问句是说话者提供两种或两种以上的情况，对
方可根据实际情况回答。
结构 答语 示例
一般选择疑问
句： 一般疑问句＋
or＋选择项？ 不用yes或no回答，
可用完整的陈述句
或简略形式回答，
也可用不定代词
all， both， neither， either或none回答 －Do you like English or math？
－I like English./English./I like
both./Neither.
结构 答语 示例
特殊选择疑问
句：特殊疑问句，选择项A＋or＋选择项B？ 不用yes或no回答，
可用完整的陈述句
或简略形式回答，
也可用不定代词
all， both， neither，either或none回答 －Which book do you like best， Harry Potter， Little Women or The Journey to the West？
－I like Harry Potter best./I like all of them.
小试身手
请根据下面的对话内容，在空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思
连贯、完整。
Lily：Hi， Mary！ 1.
Mary：Hi， Lily！ I’m fine. Thank you. 2.
Lily：I am going to practice my spoken English in an English club.
How are you？
What are you going to
do？
Mary：Wonderful！ 3.
Lily：Because I want to try out for a volunteer of the 9th Asian Winter
Games in Harbin.
Mary：4.
Lily：It will be held in February 2025.
Why do you practice your spoken English？
/Why do you want to do that？/…
When will it be held？/When is it？/…
Mary：Oh， it’s around the corner. I also want to be a volunteer for it. Can
I join you？
Lily：5.
Mary：Great！6.
Lily：I go to the English club twice a week.
Mary：OK. Let’s prepare for the volunteer interview together.
Yes， you can./Yes.
How often do you go to the English club？
命题点三 祈使句
知识必备 祈使句用于表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。谓语动词用原
形，没有时态和数的变化。
形式 结构 示例
肯定
形式 （Please＋）动词原形＋其他 Please call me back when you
get home.
Be＋表语（＋其他） Be quiet！
Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他 Let’s go for a walk after supper.
形式 结构 示例
否定
形式 Don’t ＋动词原形＋其他 Don’t be late for class again.
No＋名词/动名词 No smoking！
Never＋动词原形＋其他 Never judge a person by his
appearance.
1. 为了加强语气，可在肯定形式的祈使句前加do，意为“务必；一
定”。如：
Do listen to the teacher.务必要听老师的话。
【注意】
2. 以Let’s开头的祈使句，其答语通常为“Good idea./OK. /Yes， I’d love
to.”等。其他肯定祈使句的答语常用“Yes/OK， I will.”等。否定祈使句的
答语常用“Sorry/No， I won’t （do it again）.”等。如：
◆－Let’s go to the movies.
－Good idea.
◆－Clean the room after school.
－Yes， I will./OK， I will.
◆－Don’t be late again.
－Sorry， I won’t.
3. “祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句（表结果）”结构，可转换为含if引导的条
件状语从句的复合句。如：
Think it over and you will find the answer.＝If you think it over， you will
find the answer.认真考虑，你会找出答案的。
小试身手
根据括号内所给提示完成语篇。
Do you know how to make delicious chicken soup？ If you follow these
steps， you can enjoy it.
First， you need a pot. Clean the pot and 1.
（将一些水倒入锅中）. Heat it as you do other things for
cooking. Then， you need some chicken， vegetables， salt and pepper.
2. （切碎鸡肉） and vegetables. Next， 3.
（把鸡肉放入锅中） when the water boils.
Wait for about an hour and add the vegetables. Cook for about ten minutes
and then 4. （加点盐） and pepper.
Finally， pour out chicken soup into bowls. 5.
（不要立即吃） because it’s too hot！ You can enjoy it with your family
five minutes later.
pour some water into
the pot
Cut up the chicken
put
the chicken into the pot
add some salt
Don’t eat at once
命题点四 感叹句
引导词 结构 示例
what What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词
单数（＋主语＋谓语）！ What a big success the
fashion show is！
What＋形容词＋可数名词复数
（＋主语＋谓语）！ What interesting stories she
told！
what What＋形容词＋不可数名词
（＋主语＋谓语）！ What delicious food you
served us tonight！
引导词 结构 示例
how How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！ How strongly the wind is
blowing！
How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词
单数（＋主语＋谓语）！ How nice a place it is！
How＋主语＋谓语！ How time flies！
小试身手
单句填空。每．空．一．词．。
1. helpful Judy is！ She always helps others in need.
2. （2024·云南） meaningful day！ We volunteered to
clean up our city park.
3. （2024·成都） exciting news！ The 2025 World Games will
be held in Chengdu.
How
What
a
What
以下是李华的一篇习作，其中有十处错误，请找出并进行改正。
My English teacher is Mr.Green. He like my hero. He not only teach
me English， but also cares for me all the time. I will remember he forever.
∧
teach
he
is
teaches
him
I am still remember it was a rainy day. I found I did take an umbrella
after school. I stand in front of the school gate. I thought I will be all wet
when I got home. Suddenly， I saw a man come towards me. It was
Mr.Green. He gave me a lift. What kind and warm he is！
stand
will
come
What
I love Mr.Green and I hope to be a student that he is proud of. Although
I graduate soon， he will always be in my heart.
graduate
didn’t
stood
would
coming
How
will
graduate
stand
一、按要求改写句子。每．空．一．词．。
1. （2024·白银）Mary comes from Australia. （改为一般疑问句）
Mary from Australia？
2. （2024·白银）Open the door.（改为否定句）
the door.
3. （2024·牡丹江）The students in Group 5 have made a proper choice.
（改为感叹句）
proper choice the students in Group 5 have made！
Does
come
Don’t
open
What
a
4. （2024·白银）I can read faster by reading word groups. （对画线
部分提问）
you read faster？
5. （2024·牡丹江）We need three cups of yogurt to make the banana milk
shake.（对画线部分提问）
yogurt do you need to make the banana milk shake？
How
can
How
much
二、请根据下面的对话内容，在空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的
意思连贯、完整。
Lin Hai：Hey， Ma Hua. I called you last night， but you didn’t answer.
1.
Ma Hua：I was looking after my dog， Lucky. She was ill.
Lin Hai：2. Have you taken
her to the animal hospital？
What were you doing？
I’m sorry to hear that./That’s bad./…
Ma Hua：3. She got better with the doctor’s help.
Have you had a pet yet？
Lin Hai：Not yet. But I’m planning to keep a cat.
Ma Hua：4.
Lin Hai：Because cats are always lovely， and they don’t need much space.
Ma Hua：That’s true. But you still need to be responsible and look after it
very carefully.
Lin Hai：5. Having a pet
is far more than just playing with it.
Yes， I have./Yes.
Why do you want to keep a cat？
I agree with you./You do have a point./…
第二部分 语法精研
专题十 句子种类
返回
目录
目录
CONTENTS
要点聚焦·精准导练
01
专项练习·能力通关
02
命题点一 陈述句
知识必备 陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人观点或看法的句
子。读时一般用降调，句末用句号。
肯定句 主语＋be动词＋其他 Lily is an American girl.
主语＋实义动词＋其他 His parents teach math in this school.
主语＋情态动词＋动
词原形＋其他 She can speak a little English.
陈述句的结构
否定句 主语＋be动词＋not＋其他 We were not at home last night.
主语＋助动词＋not＋动词原形＋其他 We didn’t have an umbrella so we were wet and cold.
主语＋情态动词＋not＋动词原形＋其他 Because of the bad weather， we couldn’t see anything below the hill.
小试身手
按要求改写句子。
1. （2024·重庆A卷）She visited her grandparents last Sunday.（改
为否定句）
She her grandparents last Sunday.
2. （2024·牡丹江）The little girl is too shy to speak in public.（改
为同义句）
The little girl is so shy that she in public.
3. His brother joined the army three years ago.（改为同义句）
His brother in the army for three years.
didn’t
visit
can’t
speak
has
been
命题点二 疑问句
1. 一般疑问句：一般疑问句是能用yes或no来回答的疑问句，答句的主
语一般用代词。其结构为：
（1）Be动词＋主语＋其他？
be动词 示例
am， is， are， was， were Is your brother at home？
Was the farmer nice？
（2）助动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？
助动词 示例
do/does/did， have/has， shall， will，would等 Did everyone have a good weekend？
Will schools be different in the future？
（3）情态动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？
情态动词 示例
can（could）， wil（would）， may（might）， must， need， shall（should）等 Can I take a message for him？
May I ask why you made that decision？
Should I ask him when he will arrive here？
情态动词 示例
注意：用情态动词must提问时，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。
如：－Must I give the book back to the library this week？ －No， you needn’t/don’t have to.
疑问代词 用法 示例
what 对事物或者抽象概念提问 What’s the matter？
询问职业或身份 What is your father？＝What
does your father do？
后接名词构成疑问词组 What animals do you like？
2. 特殊疑问句：由疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句，不能用yes或
no回答，答语为陈述句。
（1）疑问代词的用法
疑问代词 用法 示例
who/ whom 对人提问，主格用
who，宾格用
whom/who Who went to the park with Jack？
Whom did Tom go to the park with？
whose 对所属关系提问 Whose handbag is lost？
which 询问范围中的哪一个 Which girl is your sister？
which 后接名词构成疑问 词组 Which color do you prefer， red or
purple？
（2）疑问副词的用法
疑问副词 用法 示例
when 询问时间 When does he get up in the morning？
where 询问地点 Where did you go on vacation？
why 询问原因 Why do you like pandas？
疑问副词 用法 示例
why 提出建议 Why don’t you have a try？＝Why not have a try？
how 询问健康 How is he feeling today？
询问方式 How do you make a kite？
询问特征 How was your school trip？
疑问副词 用法 示例
注意：how后接形容词、副词等，表示询问时长、频率、数量、价格、
距离等，如： how many多少；how much多少（钱）；how long多长时间；how often多久一次；how soon再过多久；how far多远
3. 选择疑问句：选择疑问句是说话者提供两种或两种以上的情况，对
方可根据实际情况回答。
结构 答语 示例
一般选择疑问
句： 一般疑问句＋
or＋选择项？ 不用yes或no回答，
可用完整的陈述句
或简略形式回答，
也可用不定代词
all， both， neither， either或none回答 －Do you like English or math？
－I like English./English./I like
both./Neither.
结构 答语 示例
特殊选择疑问
句：特殊疑问句，选择项A＋or＋选择项B？ 不用yes或no回答，
可用完整的陈述句
或简略形式回答，
也可用不定代词
all， both， neither，either或none回答 －Which book do you like best， Harry Potter， Little Women or The Journey to the West？
－I like Harry Potter best./I like all of them.
小试身手
请根据下面的对话内容，在空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思
连贯、完整。
Lily：Hi， Mary！ 1.
Mary：Hi， Lily！ I’m fine. Thank you. 2.
Lily：I am going to practice my spoken English in an English club.
How are you？
What are you going to
do？
Mary：Wonderful！ 3.
Lily：Because I want to try out for a volunteer of the 9th Asian Winter
Games in Harbin.
Mary：4.
Lily：It will be held in February 2025.
Why do you practice your spoken English？
/Why do you want to do that？/…
When will it be held？/When is it？/…
Mary：Oh， it’s around the corner. I also want to be a volunteer for it. Can
I join you？
Lily：5.
Mary：Great！6.
Lily：I go to the English club twice a week.
Mary：OK. Let’s prepare for the volunteer interview together.
Yes， you can./Yes.
How often do you go to the English club？
命题点三 祈使句
知识必备 祈使句用于表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。谓语动词用原
形，没有时态和数的变化。
形式 结构 示例
肯定
形式 （Please＋）动词原形＋其他 Please call me back when you
get home.
Be＋表语（＋其他） Be quiet！
Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他 Let’s go for a walk after supper.
形式 结构 示例
否定
形式 Don’t ＋动词原形＋其他 Don’t be late for class again.
No＋名词/动名词 No smoking！
Never＋动词原形＋其他 Never judge a person by his
appearance.
1. 为了加强语气，可在肯定形式的祈使句前加do，意为“务必；一
定”。如：
Do listen to the teacher.务必要听老师的话。
【注意】
2. 以Let’s开头的祈使句，其答语通常为“Good idea./OK. /Yes， I’d love
to.”等。其他肯定祈使句的答语常用“Yes/OK， I will.”等。否定祈使句的
答语常用“Sorry/No， I won’t （do it again）.”等。如：
◆－Let’s go to the movies.
－Good idea.
◆－Clean the room after school.
－Yes， I will./OK， I will.
◆－Don’t be late again.
－Sorry， I won’t.
3. “祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句（表结果）”结构，可转换为含if引导的条
件状语从句的复合句。如：
Think it over and you will find the answer.＝If you think it over， you will
find the answer.认真考虑，你会找出答案的。
小试身手
根据括号内所给提示完成语篇。
Do you know how to make delicious chicken soup？ If you follow these
steps， you can enjoy it.
First， you need a pot. Clean the pot and 1.
（将一些水倒入锅中）. Heat it as you do other things for
cooking. Then， you need some chicken， vegetables， salt and pepper.
2. （切碎鸡肉） and vegetables. Next， 3.
（把鸡肉放入锅中） when the water boils.
Wait for about an hour and add the vegetables. Cook for about ten minutes
and then 4. （加点盐） and pepper.
Finally， pour out chicken soup into bowls. 5.
（不要立即吃） because it’s too hot！ You can enjoy it with your family
five minutes later.
pour some water into
the pot
Cut up the chicken
put
the chicken into the pot
add some salt
Don’t eat at once
命题点四 感叹句
引导词 结构 示例
what What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词
单数（＋主语＋谓语）！ What a big success the
fashion show is！
What＋形容词＋可数名词复数
（＋主语＋谓语）！ What interesting stories she
told！
what What＋形容词＋不可数名词
（＋主语＋谓语）！ What delicious food you
served us tonight！
引导词 结构 示例
how How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！ How strongly the wind is
blowing！
How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词
单数（＋主语＋谓语）！ How nice a place it is！
How＋主语＋谓语！ How time flies！
小试身手
单句填空。每．空．一．词．。
1. helpful Judy is！ She always helps others in need.
2. （2024·云南） meaningful day！ We volunteered to
clean up our city park.
3. （2024·成都） exciting news！ The 2025 World Games will
be held in Chengdu.
How
What
a
What
以下是李华的一篇习作，其中有十处错误，请找出并进行改正。
My English teacher is Mr.Green. He like my hero. He not only teach
me English， but also cares for me all the time. I will remember he forever.
∧
teach
he
is
teaches
him
I am still remember it was a rainy day. I found I did take an umbrella
after school. I stand in front of the school gate. I thought I will be all wet
when I got home. Suddenly， I saw a man come towards me. It was
Mr.Green. He gave me a lift. What kind and warm he is！
stand
will
come
What
I love Mr.Green and I hope to be a student that he is proud of. Although
I graduate soon， he will always be in my heart.
graduate
didn’t
stood
would
coming
How
will
graduate
stand
一、按要求改写句子。每．空．一．词．。
1. （2024·白银）Mary comes from Australia. （改为一般疑问句）
Mary from Australia？
2. （2024·白银）Open the door.（改为否定句）
the door.
3. （2024·牡丹江）The students in Group 5 have made a proper choice.
（改为感叹句）
proper choice the students in Group 5 have made！
Does
come
Don’t
open
What
a
4. （2024·白银）I can read faster by reading word groups. （对画线
部分提问）
you read faster？
5. （2024·牡丹江）We need three cups of yogurt to make the banana milk
shake.（对画线部分提问）
yogurt do you need to make the banana milk shake？
How
can
How
much
二、请根据下面的对话内容，在空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的
意思连贯、完整。
Lin Hai：Hey， Ma Hua. I called you last night， but you didn’t answer.
1.
Ma Hua：I was looking after my dog， Lucky. She was ill.
Lin Hai：2. Have you taken
her to the animal hospital？
What were you doing？
I’m sorry to hear that./That’s bad./…
Ma Hua：3. She got better with the doctor’s help.
Have you had a pet yet？
Lin Hai：Not yet. But I’m planning to keep a cat.
Ma Hua：4.
Lin Hai：Because cats are always lovely， and they don’t need much space.
Ma Hua：That’s true. But you still need to be responsible and look after it
very carefully.
Lin Hai：5. Having a pet
is far more than just playing with it.
Yes， I have./Yes.
Why do you want to keep a cat？
I agree with you./You do have a point./…