(共12张PPT)
第二部分 语法精研
专题探究四 代词的运用
代词是代替名词、兼有名词和形容词作用的词。英语中代词种类繁
多、形式多样,是山西中考试题中必考点之一,主要体现于词语运用这
一题型中。纵观近三年的山西中考试题,对于代词的考查主要以“盲
填”“人称代词的转化”以及“定语从句中关系代词的使用”为主。
解答此类题时,首先判断并确定代词所指代的内容,然后根据其句
法功能确定其形式变化。
微技能一 如何判断使用人称代词
根据句法功能及语义判断
分析句子结构,根据所填内容在句中的位置和句法功能判定代词种
类。然后结合句意,确定其具体形式。如所填内容作主语,则填人称代
词主格;作宾语,则填人称代词宾格。
典例 (2024·山西)What you have here is math, right in front of (you)!(宾语)
you
微技能二 如何判断使用物主代词
1. 根据句法功能及语义判断
分析句子结构,根据所填内容在句中的位置和句法功能,确定所填
代词的类型。如所填内容位于定语位置,且其后有被修饰词,则使用形
容词性物主代词;如所填内容位于主语或宾语位置,且其后没有可用作
主语或宾语的其他词汇,则使用名词性物主代词。之后,再结合句意,
确定人称和具体形式。
典例1 (2023·山西)Last year we had a new classmate. (he)
name is Danny. (定语)
典例2 (2022·山西)“How was school, Laura?” asked (she) mom. (定语)
His
her
常见涉及物主代词的固定搭配有:do one’s homework做作业;make
one’s bed铺床;take one’s order点菜;take one’s temperature量体温;to
one’s surprise使……惊讶的是,出乎……的意料;in one’s opinion依……
看;make one’s own decision自己做决定;go out of one’s way特地,格外
努力。
2. 利用固定搭配
微技能三 如何判断使用反身代词
1. 根据句法功能及语义判断
反身代词在句中多用作表语、宾语、同位语。通过分析所填内容的
句法功能,结合语境含义,确定是否需用反身代词。
典例 You could even set an alarm to remind
(you). (宾语)
yourself/yourselves
2. 利用固定搭配
常见含反身代词的固定搭配、习惯用语有:by oneself独自地, 单
独地;enjoy oneself玩得开心,过得愉快;help oneself (to sth.)自便,
自取;lose oneself (in)沉迷于,专注于;teach oneself自学。
微技能四 如何判断使用关系代词
借助定语从句的定义及句法功能判断
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。当所填内容
前出现名词或代词,且该词可取代所填内容并在句中作主语或宾语等成
分,则可推测此处填关系代词。
典例1 (2024·山西)It would be a thing was expected to
happen if math study was going to be paper-folding, Alex thought.(定语从句主语)
典例2 (2023·山西)These tests can’t measure (衡量) all the things
make you wonderful and special. (定语从句主语)
典例3 (2022·山西)A kid doesn’t stand straight may feel
unhappy or just feel a bit down. (定语从句主语)
that
that
who/that
小试身手
用适当的代词完成语篇。
Dear Mom,
I’m sorry that I can’t go back home for Mother’s Day next week. On
that day, I’ll have to attend an important meeting for my boss 1. helps me a lot with my work and life here. But I’ll find time to see you at home soon. Mom, thank you for everything you’ve done for Tim and 2. . After Dad died ten years ago, you had to work in a supermarket in the daytime and in a restaurant at night. But you always gave us 3. love and care. Though you don’t have to work now, I still remember your going home and feeling tired in many evenings.
who/that
me
your
Tim is going to finish his studies next month. He said 4. would move
back from school and look for a job near home. I’m glad you won’t live by
5. anymore. Let’s plan a trip one day. Happy Mother’s Day!
I love you, Mom.
John
he
yourself