Unit3 SectionA 单元知识梳理(基础+知识点+语法)【人教(2024秋)八上英语Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.】

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名称 Unit3 SectionA 单元知识梳理(基础+知识点+语法)【人教(2024秋)八上英语Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.】
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Unit3单元知识清单——Section A
Part One:基础知识清单
句子 Sentences
单词 Words
I’m more outgoing than my sister.
我比我的姐姐/妹妹更外向。
Tara works as hard as Tina.
塔拉工作和蒂娜一样努力。
Who’s more hard-working at school
谁在学校更努力?
Tina thinks she works harder than me.
蒂娜认为她比我工作更努力。
1. outgoing
2. better
3. loudly
4. quietly
5. hard-working
6. competition
7. fantastic
9. clearly
10. win
11. though
adj.外向的
adj.adv.更好的(地)
adv.大声地
adv.安静地
adj.勤勉的
n.竞争;比赛
adj.极好的
adv.清楚地
v.赢得;获胜
conj.虽然;尽管
词组 Phrases
as…as… 与…一样
be similar to 与…类似
the same as 和…相同
be different from 与…不同
语法 Grammar
形容词或副词的比较级
Part Two:知识点清单
知识点②win v. 赢;赢得
现在分词为winning,过去式和过去分词均为won。
win 表示“赢得”,通常和match, competition, game, medal, prize等词搭配
beat 表示“打败”,通常和表示人,球队,对手等的词搭配.
They won the game/a gold medal yesterday.
他们昨天赢得了那场比赛/一块金牌。
We beat them and won the game.
我们打败他们赢得了比赛。
知识点①:形容词adj.变副词adv.
①形容词+ly可以构成副词:
quickly快速地/slowly缓慢地/clearly清晰地/sadly难过地/loudly大声地/carefully认真地/seriously严重地/quietly安静地
②辅音字母+y结尾,y变i加l
happy - happily高兴地
知识点③:Both Sam and Tom can play the drums. Sam和Tom 都会打鼓。
【探究】both用法:
①作代词,意为“两者,双方”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Both of them like playing guitar. 他们俩都喜欢弹吉他。
②作形容词,意为“两者的,双方的”,修饰复数名词。
Both the answers are wrong. 这两个答案都是错的。
③作副词,意为“两者都是”,位于行为动词之前。
They can both dance.他们俩都会跳舞。
④both...and意为“两者都”,连接并列主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
Both you and Tom like English. 你和汤姆都喜欢英语。
【拓展】辨析both, either, neither, all与none
both 表示“两者都”,both…and…表示“…和…都”
either 表示“两者中的任一个”,either…or…表示“要么…要么…”,谓语动词就近一致
neither 表示“两者都不”,与both反义。neither…nor…表“两者都不”,谓语动词就近一致
all 表示“三者或以上的人或物都”,与none反义
none 表示“三者或以上的人或物都不”
Both he and his wife enjoy running.
他和他的妻子都喜欢跑步。
Either you or your sister is the No.1.
要么你要么你姐姐是第一名。
Neither you nor I am the first. 你和我都不是第一名。
All of us like apples. 我们都喜欢苹果。
I like none of the books. 这些书我都不喜欢。
【活学活用】
-What would you like, ice-cream or apple juice
- .One for my sister and the other for myself.
A.Neither B. All C. None D. Both
解析:根据答语一个给妹妹,另一个给自己,所以是
两个都,选D
知识点④:That's Tara, isn't it 那是塔拉,对吗
【探究】反意疑问句:
①由“陈述句+附加问句”构成,用于征询意见,或者希望陈述句所表达的内容得到证实。
②遵循“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”的原则,形式有:
肯定陈述句+否定简短问句
否定陈述句+肯定简短问句
Tom likes cats, doesn't he 汤姆喜欢猫,不是吗?
Tom doesn't like cats, does he 汤姆不喜欢猫,是吗? The weather isn't cold, is it 天气不冷,是吗?
The weather is cold, isn't it 天气很冷,不是吗?
③答语:事实是肯定的用yes,yes要译成“不;不是”
事实是否定的用no,no要译成“是;是的”
-Jim likes listening to music,doesn't he -Yes, he does.
-吉姆喜欢听音乐,不是吗 -不,他喜欢。
-Lucy isn't good at swimming,is she -No, she isn't.
-露西不擅长游泳,是吗? -是的,她不擅长。
【活学活用】完成下列句子的后半部分
①The girl is Lucy,
②She can't swim,
③Tom likes lions,
④It was a nice day yesterday,
⑤You didn't finish your work,
知识点⑤:quiet adj.为“安静的,文静的”
作定语:Here is a quiet place.这是一个安静的地方。
作表语:He is more outgoing than me.他比我更外向。
形近词:quite意为“相当”,
He is quite young.他相当年轻。
Part Three:语法点清单
形容词和副词的比较级
形容词和副词有三个等级:原级,比较级和最高级。本单元讲述:①比较级和最高级的构成;②比较级的用法。
【构成】
1.规则变化:单音节词和部分双音节词在词尾加-er或-est,分四种情况。
①一般在词尾加-er或-est。如:long→longer→longest
②以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,加-r或-st。如:nice→nicer→nicest
③以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的双音节词,先把y变为i,再加-er或-est。如:easy-easier-easiest
④重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er或-est。如:big→bigger→biggest
类似词还有fat/thin/hot/wet/red,口诀:大胖瘦热脸湿红
2.多音节词和部分双音节词,在其前加more和most
careful-more careful -most careful
slowly→more slowly→most slowly
3.不规则形容词和副词的变化汇总(初中必备)
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
bad/ill worse worst
little less least
far farther(较远)further(进一步) farthest(最远)furthest(最大限度)
old older(年纪较大的)elder(较年长的) oldest(年纪最大的)eldest(最年长的)
知识点⑥:though conj. “虽然;即使;尽管”
【探究】与although同义,不与but连用
Though/Although he was poor, he was happy.
虽然他很穷却很快乐。
Though he was poor,but he was happy.(误)
知识点⑦:as...as…
同级比较,意为“和…一样”,中间加形容词或副词原形, This film is as interesting as that one.
这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
Your pen writes as smoothly as mine.
你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。
否定式为not as/so… as…,意为“…不如…”。
This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.
这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。
【拓展】as其他用法
①prep.“作为”
He finds a job as a driver.他找了一份司机的工作。
②conj.“当…时”
As I was coming here. I met your brother.
当我来这的时候,我遇见你的兄弟。
③conj.“按照”
Do as you are told.按照告诉你的去做。
【句型】
1.A+be+形容词比较级+than+B
This cake is nicer than that one. 这个蛋糕比那个好。
2.A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B
I work harder than my brother. 我比我弟弟学习刻苦。
3.用于含有or的选择疑问句中
Who is taller, Tim or Tom 谁更高,蒂姆还是汤姆?
【注意】比较级用于同类事物间的比较。
Tina's hair is shorter than.mine(=my hair)
蒂娜的头发比我的短。
【常考结构】
1.表示“越来越…”:比较级+and+比较级或more and more+原级
Our life gets better and better.
我们的生活变得越来越好。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
我们的学校变得越来越美丽了。
2.表示“越…越…”:The+比较级...,the+比较级....
The harder you study, the more you know.
你学习越努力,你知道得就越多。
The more carefully you do,the more you will do.
你做得越认真,做得就会越好。
【注意】比较级前面可用一些表示比较程度的副词或短语,如much,a lot,a little,even,far等,不能用very。
It is much colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天更冷。
3.表示"两者中更....的一个":the+比较级(+of the two)
Mary is the taller of the twins.
玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那一个。
【活学活用】
1.-Does Jim get up as__________ as Alex
-No. He gets up___________ than Alex
early; early B. earlier; earlier
C. early; earlier D. earlier; early
解析:as...as…中间用原级,than前用比较级,选C
2. -What do you think of Wilson's speaking
-No one does____________ in our school.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
解析:语义为没有比他更好的,选C
3. -Who listens to the teacher_________, Lucy or Lily
-Lucy does.
careful B. carefully
C more careful D.more carefully
解析:两者比较用比较级,修饰listen用副词,选D
4.改错
1) He is as taller as me.
2) The girl study the better than the boy.
3) Which is the most beautiful city,Beijing or Dalian
4) The more carefully you are,the better you will do.
解析:
1)as...as…中间用原级,taller改为tall
2)比较级前去掉the
3)两者比较,the most beautiful改为more beautiful
4)more carefully改为more careful,做are的表语