安徽师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期期中考查
高二英语试题
满分：150分考试时间：120分钟
注意事项：
1.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the man feel sorry for the woman
A. She missed the picnic. B. She failed to meet Emma. C. Her mother was ill.
2. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Skip dinner. B. Avoid snack foods. C. Get enough exercise.
3. What is the woman going to do for the man
A. Buy a coat. B. Pick him up. C. Book a table.
4. What are the speakers probably doing
A. Applying to universities. B. Signing up for classes. C. Discussing a geography project.
5. When does the conversation probably take place
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the afternoon.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does Ron think of his cooking ability
A. Basic. B. Creative. C. Expert.
7. Why does Ron prefer grilling to steaming and stewing
A. It is simple. B. It is done outside. C. It produces tasty food.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What worries Clare
A. Taking a course. B. Having an exam. C. Making notes.
9. What is the man’s view on the notes
A. They are quite formal. B. They are perfectly complete. C. They are unnecessarily long.
10. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Use symbols. B. Improve memory. C. Copy all concepts.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who might the man be
A. A teacher. B. A reporter. C. A cook.
12. What do we know about Shenzhou-12 astronauts in space
A. They planted potatoes. B. They could heat their meals. C. They had a limited choice of food.
13. How does Elena sound in the end
A. Proud. B. Grateful. C. Excited.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why does the woman have recreational facilities in the office
A. To help employees relax. B. To attract more employees.
C. To compete with other tech companies.
15. Why does the man describe his own workplace as uncomfortable
A. He has a small room. B. It lacks recreational facilities.
C. The colleagues have no communication.
16. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Move house. B. Ask for a promotion. C. Change his job.
17. What is the man’s attitude towards the woman’s suggestion
A. He dismisses it. B. He strongly agrees. C. He is uncertain.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who can benefit from the program
A. Kids active in summer camps. B. Kids not good at learning. C. Kids lacking friendship.
19. What was the benefit for Sammie to collect bottle caps
A. Taking breaks from a big project. B. Acknowledging her strengths. C. Being brave to make friends.
20. In which countries have schools received benches donated by Sammie
A. Ghana and Germany. B. Australia and Mexico. C. Mexico and the Netherlands.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Which fruit personality are you
In the workplace, we have to be able to deal with people who aren’t like us.No one will change for you, so you just have to respect their differences.Whenidentifying personality types, I like to talk in terms of fruit. Nobody is just onefruit, but we all have a preference. And we tend to emphasize our top two,especially under pressure. Here are some fruit personalities and how best to dealwith them.
Types Introduction & Management
Apple: Hard Core Apple types are direct and don’tsuffer fools. They are fast, logicalthinkers who love to win and hate to losecontrol. They’ll get a result at any cost,but see conflict as sport. Mango types love life and can’tafford to miss a minute. They lovevariety because they tend to be easilydistracted and naturally rule breakers. Lemon types love structure andorder. They are worriers who likesecurity and predictability. They excel atspotting gaps in a plan. But too manyrules can also be frustrating. Banana types enjoy peace and shyaway from conflicts. They are kind toreact to others’ requests. However, whenthey are too accommodating, they can beseen as indecisive. 1. Always stand up to them.
2. Get to the point.
3. Don’t take it personally.
4. Watch and learn from them.
Mango: Juicy and Messy Apple types are direct and don’tsuffer fools. They are fast, logicalthinkers who love to win and hate to losecontrol. They’ll get a result at any cost,but see conflict as sport. Mango types love life and can’tafford to miss a minute. They lovevariety because they tend to be easilydistracted and naturally rule breakers. Lemon types love structure andorder. They are worriers who likesecurity and predictability. They excel atspotting gaps in a plan. But too manyrules can also be frustrating. 1. Talk big picture, avoid details.
2. Give them false deadlines.
3. Don’t micro-manage.
Lemon: Concentrated Banana types enjoy peace and shyaway from conflicts. They are kind toreact to others’ requests. However, whenthey are too accommodating, they can beseen as indecisive. Apple types are direct and don’tsuffer fools. They are fast, logicalthinkers who love to win and hate to losecontrol. They’ll get a result at any cost,but see conflict as sport. Mango types love life and can’tafford to miss a minute. They lovevariety because they tend to be easilydistracted and naturally rule breakers. Lemon types love structure andorder. They are worriers who likesecurity and predictability. They excel atspotting gaps in a plan. But too manyrules can also be frustrating. 1. Respect their need for space.
2. Don’t surprise them.
3. Listen with respect.
4. Show your pace.
Banana: Sweet and Gentle Banana types enjoy peace and shyaway from conflicts. They are kind toreact to others’ requests. However, whenthey are too accommodating, they can beseen as indecisive. 1. Don’t pressure them, motivate.
2. Create a positive environment.
3. Encourage regular feedback.
4. Be nice to them.
21. What do people of Mango and Lemon personalities have in common
A. They both prefer private space and strict deadlines.
B. They both require frequent feedback and external motivation.
C. They both serve as good ice-breakers of the workplace.
D. They both dislike being restricted by too many regulations.
22. Who probably favors the Banana Personality
A. Robin, an innovative thinker who is willing to face challenges.
B. Nancy, a brilliant planner who always sticks to his daily routines.
C. Adam, a patient worker who prioritizes harmonious relationships.
D. Jack, an open-minded leader who advocates the value of diversity.
23. Where can the passage probably be found
A. In a book review. B. In an entertainment book. C. In an academic paper. D. In a psychology magazine.
B
For twelve years I’d worked at the hospital. One day they told me I was no longer needed. I understoodthat it was a cost-cutting move to replace me with someone with less experience and a lower salary.
But my understanding didn’t excise the pain of feeling abandoned and useless. At sixty-two, whatopportunities existed for someone at my age “Dear Lord,” I prayed, “show me the way.” As He often does,He answered through someone else, a fellow health educator at another hospital. When I shared my worriesabout my future, she told me about a conference she had attended recently.
“I’ve just learned the most helpful tool,” she said. “No matter what the situation is, there is an opposite,a benefit. Our typical response is to focus on the losses of job, marriage, home, or even health. Instead, thespeaker told us to concentrate on finding what we gained with our loss.” At first, I resisted her advice as Iwas extremely sad. I missed the meaningful challenges of organizing health education classes for the sick.But as time passed, I grew tired of my sorrow. Maybe I should try my friend’s advice and seek someopposites.
Yet it wasn’t until our trip to Africa that I understood the power of opposite thinking. In 2023, we fleweight thousand miles to a village in West Africa. We brought many presents, believing that somehow wecould improve the villagers’ lives. Instead, they taught us the opposite. Our lives were the ones that neededimproving.
Despite living in mud huts without modern conveniences, running water, or sanitation(卫生设备), thevillagers appeared content. Frequently laughing and greeting each other, they truly cared for their neighbors.Although we slept on the ground, I felt a peace I hadn’t known since I left my job. 1 had expected we wouldspend our time helping the poor villagers. Instead, they were teaching us that having less meant less toworry about and more time and energy for each other. These wonderful people with a different faith taughtme an important lesson that guided me through the darkness of life.
24.What can we learn about the author
A. She lacked work experience. B. She demanded higher salary.
C. She was fired by the hospital. D. She didn’t perform well at work.
25. What does the underlined word “excise” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Deepen. B. Remove. C. Classify. D. Describe.
26. What did the fellow health educator suggest the author do
A. Reevaluate her situation and find solutions to the failure.
B. Search for inner peace and get rid of the economic darkness.
C. Change her attitude to difficult situations and look on the bright side.
D. Stay positive and concentrate on health care education.
27. What lesson did the author learn from the villagers in Africa
A. Face up to the cruel reality of life.
B. Owning more not necessarily adds to our happiness.
C. Fortune favors those who use their judgement.
D. Devoting to volunteering can gain a sense of achievement.
C
A group of researchers examined a decade of responses to an online survey on morals, analyzing howthese responses varied from season to season. Their results indicate that, at a population level, people areless likely to support more traditional moral values during summer and winter. The researchers relied ondata from a website named YourMorals.org, which provides a “moral foundations questionnaire” allowingrespondents to express their level of agreement or disagreement with various moral statements.
The questions were based on moral foundations theory, aiming to understand why morality seems tofollow similar patterns among people from diverse cultures. According to this theory, morality can becategorized into five foundational values—care, fairness, loyalty, authority, and purity. These values fall intotwo groups: individualizing values and binding values.
Not all types of values exhibited a clear seasonal pattern. For example, individualizing values, whichemphasize the morality of individual rights, showed little variation over time and did not follow a seasonaltrend. In contrast, binding values—those that prioritize group needs, such as loyalty, respect for authority,and purity of tradition—followed a biannual(一年两次的) pattern.
To gain deeper insights into their findings, the researchers also studied patterns in Google search resultsrelated to anxiety. They discovered that population-level anxiety also followed a seasonal cycle—peaking inspring and fall, suggesting a possible correlation(关联性). Spring and fall are generally considered the mostenjoyable seasons, so an increase in anxiety during these times may come as a surprise. But it’s possible thatincreases in school and work-related changes during these times could play some role. They also suggestthat anxiety may decrease in winter due to seasonal holidays, and in summer because of warmer weather andincreased vegetation(植被).
“We often perceive moral values as unchanging principles that we hold close,” says Professor Hohm.However, they are actually influenced by various factors that we may not notice. Understanding how thishappens can help us better comprehend and plan for seasonal shifts.
28. Which of the following might not follow a seasonal trend
A. Purity of tradition. B. Fairness among people. C. Loyalty to one’s party. D. Respect for authority.
29.What might be a possible reason for people feeling more anxious in spring and fall
A. Frequent transition of weather. B. Heightened social events and gatherings.
C. New challenges from school and work. D. Reduced availability of fresh produce.
30.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Moral values remain constant over time. B. Planning is crucial in maintaining moral stability.
C. The influence of morals on behavior is minimal. D. Moral changes can affect plan making.
31. What is the passage mainly about
A. Our moral values may change with the seasons. B. Anxiety is closely linked to external threats.
C. Seasons influence our individualizing values. D. Individualizing values and binding values differ.
D
A recent investigation has uncovered that a prehistoric marine mammal, known as the sea cow, fellPrey(猎物) to two distinct predators(捕食动物)—an ancient crocodile and a tiger shark. This discoveryoffers a rare glimpse into the complex food webs that existed millions of years ago. Conducted by aninternational group of scientists and published in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, the researchreveals one of the scarce instances where a single target was hunted by multiple predators.
The sea cow, belonging to the extinct group Culebratherium, was initially targeted by a crocodile.Subsequent evidence suggests that after the initial attack, a tiger shark scavenged(觅食) the remains of thesea cow, with one of its teeth found near the unfortunate creature’s neck.
“Have you seen the Batman movie There is a scene where he and Alfred are shooting bullets to try andfigure out which specific type of bullet they are trying to find,” said Benites-Palomino, the lead researcher. “Our research was conducted in exactly the same way. We conducted field experiments where predators areattacking their prey, and then afterwards we try to compare which is the best scene for what we’re findingthere.”
This discovery is particularly noteworthy as it contributes to the limited fossil evidence of multiplepredators interacting with a single prey. While such interactions are commonplace in modern ecosystems,they are seldom documented in the fossil record. Therefore, this finding serves as a crucial piece in thepuzzle of understanding ancient food webs.
“We have been unsure as to which animals would have served this purpose as a food source formultiple predators. Our previous research has identified sperm whales searched by several shark species,and this new research highlights the importance of sea cows within the food chain,” Benites-Palomino saidin a statement.
The digging, directed by Marcelo Sanchez-Villagra, head of the Palaeontological Institute and Museumin Zurich, Switzerland, was both challenging and rewarding. The site was initially discovered by a localfarmer who spotted unusual rocks, inspiring the team to investigate deeper and ultimately uncover the seacow fossils.
32. What can we learn about the prehistoric sea cow
A. It occupied the top of food chains. B. It was believed to possess complex dental structures.
C. It was targeted by two different creatures. D. It belonged to a species threatened with extinction.
33. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The scene of animal battles. B. The risk associated with the experiments.
C. The introduction of a movie. D. The method of the research.
34. What is the significance of this study
A. It questions the current ecologicalsystems.
B. It provides valuable insightsinto ancient food webs.
C.It correctsmisconceptions aboutsea cows.
D.It establishesthe connection between humans and nature.
35. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. A Research Inspired by the Batman Movie B. A Puzzle in Complex Ancient Food Chains
C. A Farmer’s Significant Biological Discovery D. Shark and Crocodile Ate Unlucky Sea Cow
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests.36 Published Friday in the journal Science, it shows that rainfall variability has increased since the20th century, ranging from global to regional scales and from daily to seasonal.
Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount. 37 Forexample, some places may receive a year’s rainfall in just a few days, experience downpours after long dryperiods, or rapidly change between droughts and floods.
By analyzing a wide range of observational data, the researchers found that rainfall variability hasincreased by about 75% since the 20th century across the land areas studied, especially in Europe, Australiaand eastern North America. 38
39 They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic(人为的) emissions of greenhousegases. “The increase in rainfall variability is mainly due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, whichhave led to a warmer and more humid atmosphere,” said Wenxia Zhang, lead author of the study. Thismeans that even if the atmospheric circulation remains unchanged, the extra moisture in the air will lead tomore intense rainfall events.
Large and rapid fluctuations(波动) between extreme climates not only challenge the existing capabilitiesof contemporary weather and climate prediction systems, but also have chain effects on human society,threatening the economic development, ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks. 40
A. Higher variability may bring more rain in a certain region.
B. Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges.
C. The study indicates that global rainfall will still increase in the next century.
D. To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research.
E. It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade.
F. The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the ChineseAcademy of Sciences.
G. Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading towet and dry periods.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter: “Thehouse next door is on fire!” He instantly went to 41 and saw an old woman crying. “The baby isinside!” “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s 42. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell 43 rushed into the burning house. Thethick 44 caused him to stumble blindly around and made it impossible to 45. After a fewminutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to 46 his breath.
“Where is Tiara ” he asked 47.
“The second floor,” her grandma shouted back.
Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a 48 layout to his,he found the stairs easily and made it to the second floor.
But the darkness was 49. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood.Then a soft but 50 moan(呻吟) emerged. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any51 of the little girl. Finally, he 52 something. He scooped Tiara into his arms, 53through the smoke.
Fortunately, Surrell managed to help Tiara out, she was 54 from the hospital after a few days.However, The fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feelsthe effects even two years later. “It’s a small 55 to pay,” he says. “I would do it again without asecond thought.”
41.A. witness B. instruct C. check D. appreciate
42.A. niece B. granddaughter C. cousin D. daughter
43.A. consciously B. calmly C. casually D. immediately
44.A. mist B. smoke C. dust D. smog
45.A. breathe B. escape C. distinguish D. see
46.A. hold B. save C. catch D. waste
47.A. devotedly B. delightedly C. deliberately D. desperately
48.A. opposite B. similar C. different D. familiar
49.A. thrilling B. challenging C. appealing D. overwhelming
50.A. firm B. loud C. distinct D. sharp
51.A. shade B. symbol C. sign D. status
52.A. touched B. smelled C. explored D. got
53.A. thinking B. going C. struggling D. wandering
54.A. rescued B. released C. accessed D. transported
55.A. price B. bill C. money D. fine
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Personal computers, Sony PlayStation 5 consoles, and other related products are being swiftly sold outin China, driven by the overwhelming 56 (popular) of the newly released Chinese video game,Black Myth: Wukong.
Within just three days of its release, Black Myth: Wukong, 57 allows players to step into theshoes of Sun Wukong, one of the heroes of the novel Journey to the West, and embark on his epicadventures westward, sold over 10 million 58 (copy) globally.
Hailed(被称颂) as China’s first Triple-A masterpiece, Black Myth: Wukong boasts excellent visualeffects and could 59 (regard) as a model for other Chinese video games aspiring to keep playersacross the world 60 (glue) to their seats, industry experts said.
“The Chinese novel Journey to the West has been extensively adapted overseas, and the image ofWukong has long been a popular icon,” said Li Yang, 61 associate professor of marketing at theCheung Kong Graduate School of Business. “The fact that the game has seamlessly(无缝地) integrated bothChinese and international element 62 (make) it easy to capture a wide global audience.”
He further added, “Compared with Chinese books, video games enjoy a 63 (high) marketpenetration among young foreign consumers. The game’s premium production and authentic Englishsubtitles act 64 factors that help convey the emotions of the original novel accurately, thereby65 (contribute) to the spread of Chinese culture and the export of Chinese games to the world.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66.假定你是李华，你校10月16日邀请航天英雄王亚平做了关于航空航天的专题讲座，请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）讲座的时间、地点和主要内容；
（2）你的收获与感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分 25 分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Gabriel and Jasper had already established a friendship before becoming classmates. Jasper didn’tappear bothered by Gabriel’s smaller height for his age. However, on the school’s opening day, while havinglunch with the rest of the fifth-grade boys, including Adrian, Adrian asked when Jasper had started playingwith babies, which made Gabriel feel uneasy.
A few weeks passed, and Jasper invited Gabriel to his birthday party held at his grandfather’s farm.Initially, Gabriel hesitated, preferring to spend the day running, as it allowed him to escape his schooltroubles and the fact that he was the smallest in his class.
Nonetheless, this Saturday, Gabriel ended up at the farm with Adrian. Jasper’s mother suggested thatJasper show the boys around, so Jasper asked his grandfather, Mr. Hamilton, to drive them to the foot of ahill. After Mr. Hamilton went back to prepare for the party, the boys decided to explore a cave, exit througha hole at the top, climb the hill, and then return via hiking.
The entrance to the cave was a big stone room with large wooden pillars(柱子) supporting the doorway.Roughly thirty feet inside, a wall of rocks blocked further entrance. Light from a hole in the ceiling shone onthe back wall. Jasper began showing how to climb up the back wall to the boys. “Let me go first,” Adriandemanded, grabbing Jasper’s belt, pulling him off the rock, and throwing him onto the ground.
“Watch out!” Gabriel exclaimed, but it was already too late. Jasper collided with a pillar hard, causingthe wood to crack. Moments later, the pillar fell, and part of the ceiling collapsed. Dust filled the air. Once thedust settled, the boys found themselves trapped inside the cave, with the only exit being the hole in the ceiling,which had narrowed to an impassable size. To make matters worse, water began flowing into the cave.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Gabriel looked up at the hole and said, “I might be small enough to get out.” _________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Out of breath, Gabriel finally saw the farmhouse. ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
安徽师范大学附属中学 2024-2025 学年第一学期期中教学检查
高二英语（参考答案）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分，每小题 1.5 分）
1-5: CBABA 6-10: ACBCA 11-15: ABCAC 16-20: CACAB
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分，每小题 2.5 分）
第一节
21-25: DCDCB 26-30: CBBCD 31-35: ACDBD
第二节
36-40: FGEDB
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
41-45: CBDBA 46-50: CDBDC 51-55: CACBA
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
56. popularity 57. which 58. copies 59. be regarded 60. glued61. an 62. makes 63. higher 64. as
65. contributing
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
参考范文
Dear Chris,
I hope this email finds you well. I’m writing to share with you an extraordinary experience I had recently.
On October 16th, our school had the privilege of hosting a special lecture by Wang Yaping, a renowned astronaut, at the school’s auditorium. During the lecture, Wang Yaping, who has been to space twice, shared her personal experiences and the incredible journey of China’s space exploration. The audience was particularly engaged during the question-and-answer session, where students eagerly posed their questions about space travel and Wang’s personal experiences.
What I found most inspiring was not just the technical details but the human element behind the space missions. It made me realize that behind every great achievement are countless individuals who have dedicated their lives to pushing the boundaries of human knowledge and capability.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分 25 分）
参考范文
Gabriel looked up at the hole and said, “I might be small enough to get out.” Volunteering to have a try, he climbed slowly up the back wall. He curled his body to such an extreme extent that he ultimately managed to come out of the hole. No sooner had Gabriel reached the top than he headed off to the farmhouse without hesitation. With those panicked faces and flowing water in mind, he couldn’t help quickening his pace. It was his regular running that enabled him to make a mad dash to the farmhouse despite fatigue and concern.
Out of breath, Gabriel finally saw the farmhouse. “Mr. Hamilton! Hurry! Jasper and Adrian are trapped in the cave.” On hearing that, Mr. Hamilton left for the cave immediately with Jasper’s mom. The moment they reached the spot, they set out to clear the small opening and eventually pulled the boys out. Luckily, no one was hurt. Adrian approached Gabriel and said “I sincerely apologize for making fun of you. It’s amazing how quickly you managed to get help.” “Apology accepted,” A sense of pride in his small body washed over Gabriel for the first time.
答案详解：（听力原文附后）
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A 篇
文本类型：
这是一篇关于人格类型分析和职场交往策略的文章，旨在帮助读者识别并有效应对不同人格类型的人。
主旨大意：
文章通过比喻的方式，将人格类型分为苹果、芒果、柠檬和香蕉四种，并详细描述了每种人格类型的特点以及与之相处的最佳策略。
主要内容：
苹果型人格：直接、逻辑性强、喜欢赢、讨厌失控，应对策略包括直面他们、直奔主题、不往心里去、观察学习。
芒果型人格：热爱生活、多样化、易分心、规则破坏者，应对策略包括谈大局、避免细节、给假期限、不微管理。
柠檬型人格：喜欢结构、秩序、安全、可预测性，但过多规则会令人沮丧，应对策略包括尊重空间、不突然袭击、尊重倾听、展示进度。
香蕉型人格：喜欢和平、避免冲突、反应温和，但过于迁就会显得犹豫不决，应对策略包括不施压、创造积极环境、鼓励反馈、善待他们。
解析：
21. D 解析：芒果型人格喜欢多样化，不喜欢被细节和严格期限束缚；柠檬型人格喜欢结构和秩序，但过多规则会令人沮丧。两者都不喜欢被过多的规则或细节所限制。因此，D 选项“他们都不喜欢被太多规则所限制”
是正确的。
22. C 解析：香蕉型人格喜欢和平、避免冲突，并优先考虑和谐关系。因此，C 选项中的 Adam，一个耐心的、优先考虑和谐关系的工人，最符合香蕉型人格的特点。
23. D 解析：文章主要讨论的是人格类型和职场交往策略，这些内容与心理学紧密相关。因此，文章最有可能出现在心理学杂志上，D 选项正确。
B 篇
文本类型：
本文是一篇记叙文。62 岁的作者被辞退后，去了一趟非洲，从当地村民那里获得了人生感悟。
文章结构：
第一段：介绍作者被医院解雇的背景和原因。
第二段：描述作者的失落和朋友的建议。
第三段：讲述作者最初对朋友建议的抗拒，但随时间推移开始接受。
第四段：描述作者去非洲的旅程，以及这次旅程对她的启示。
第五段：详细讲述作者在非洲的所见所感，以及这次经历对她的深远影响
解析：
24.C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，医院将作者辞退，作者认为这是医院节约成本的措施，来接替作者的员工可能工作经验更少、薪水也将更低。
25.B 词义猜测题。根据上下文语境可知，虽然作者能理解医院辞退她的原因，但这依然无法“消除”那种被抛弃的感觉和自己无用的痛苦。
26.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中 No matter what the situation is, there is an opposite,a benefit.可知，这位朋友给作者的建议是：无论发生什么(坏)事，它背后都有对立的一面——好处。也就是说，她建议作者转变态度，看到事情积极和光明的一面。
27.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，非洲当地村民虽然物质资源匮乏、生活条件艰苦，但他们依然充满欢笑。作者从他们那里体会到拥有的越少意味着担心的越少，能为彼此腾出时间和精力。
C 篇
这是一篇关于道德观念与季节变化之间关系的科学研究文章。
文本类型：
这是一篇科学研究报告，主要描述了研究者对一项关于道德的在线调查结果的十年分析，探讨了道德观念与季节之间的关系。
主旨大意：
文章的主旨是人们的道德观念可能会随着季节的变化而变化，特别是那些强调群体需求的道德观念（如忠诚、尊重权威和传统纯洁性）在夏季和冬季时人们的支持度会降低。
文章结构：
引言：介绍研究者对一项在线调查的分析。
第一部分：描述研究者使用的数据来源和道德基础理论。
第二部分：分析不同类型道德观念的季节性变化。
第三部分：探讨与焦虑相关的季节性模式，以及与道德观念变化的可能关联。
结论：强调道德观念并非不变，而是受到多种因素的影响，理解这一点有助于我们更好地应对季节性的变化。
解析：
28. 解析：B.根据文章中的“Not all types of values exhibited a clear seasonal pattern. For example, individualizing
values, which emphasize the morality of individual rights, showed little variation over time and did not follow a
seasonal trend. In contrast, binding values—those that prioritize group needs, such as loyalty, respect for authority, and traditional purity—followed a biannual(一年两次的) pattern.”可知，强调个体权利的个体化价值（如人与人之间的公平）并没有表现出明显的季节性趋势，而强调群体需求的结合价值（如忠诚、尊重权威和传统纯洁性）则遵循了一年两次的模式。因此，B 选项“人与人之间的公平”可能不会遵循季节性趋势，是正确答案。
29. 解析：C. 根据文章中的“But it’s possible that increases in school and work-related changes during these times
could play some role.”可知，春天和秋天时学校和工作有关变化的增加，可能导致焦虑感增加。因此，C 选项“来自学校和工作的新的挑战”是正确答案。
30. 解析：D. 根据文章最后一段的“Understanding how this happens can help us better comprehend and and plan for seasonal shifts.”可知，理解道德观念如何受到各种因素的影响可以帮助我们更好地理解和规划季节性的变化。因此，D 选项“道德变化可以影响计划制定”是正确答案。
31.解析：A. 文章主要描述了研究者对一项关于道德的在线调查的分析结果，发现人们的道德观念可能会随着季节的变化而变化。因此，A 选项“我们的道德观念可能会随着季节而变化”是正确答案。B 选项与文章主旨关系不大，C 选项只涉及了文章中的一部分内容，D 选项虽然提到了文章中的两个概念，但并不是文章的主要焦点。
D 篇
文本类型：这是一篇科普文章，介绍了科学家对史前海洋生物——海牛（sea cow）的研究发现。
主旨大意：文章主要讲述了科学家发现史前海洋生物海牛成为古代鳄鱼和虎鲨两种捕食者的猎物，这一发现为理解数百万年前复杂的食物链提供了重要线索。
文章结构：
开头：介绍研究发现，海牛成为两种捕食者的猎物，揭示了古代复杂的食物链。
中间：详细描述研究过程和发现，包括海牛被鳄鱼攻击后，虎鲨觅食其残骸的证据。通过类比蝙蝠侠电影中的场景，解释研究方法。
结尾：强调这一发现对理解古代食物链的重要性，并提及研究的挑战性和成果。
解析：
32.C 第一段提到了一种史前海牛(prehistoric sea cow)是两种不同捕食者——古代鳄鱼和虎鲨的目标。这表明这种海牛是被捕食者，而不是食物链的顶端。因此，选项 C(It was targeted by two different creatures.)是正确的。
33.D 第三段通过比喻提到了研究的方法，将他们的研究比作电影《蝙蝠侠》中的一个场景，其中蝙蝠侠和阿尔弗雷德通过射击子弹来确定子弹的类型。这表明这段主要讨论的是研究的方法，因此选项 D(The method of the research)是正确的。
34.B 第四段提到了这项研究的重要性，它增加了有限的化石记录中多个捕食者与单一猎物相互作用的记录。这种相互作用在今天的生态系统中很常见，但在化石记录中很少被记录，使得这一发现成为理解古代食物网的重要部分。因此，选项 B(It provides valuable insights into ancient food webs)是正确的。
35.D 本文主要讨论了一项关于史前海牛的研究，这种海牛被两种不同的捕食者捕食，提供了对数百万年前复杂食物链的罕见见解。选项 D(Shark and Crocodile Ate Unlucky Sea Cow)直接反映了文章的核心内容，即海牛被鲨鱼和鳄鱼捕食的情况，因此是最佳标题。
第二节
文本类型：这是一篇科普研究类文章，主要讨论了人类活动对全球降雨不稳定性的影响。
主旨大意：文章指出，过去一个世纪，人类活动导致全球降雨变得更加不稳定。降雨变异性（指降雨时间和降雨量的不均匀性）自 20 世纪以来有所增加，特别是在欧洲、澳大利亚和北美东部。研究认为，这主要是由于人为温室气体排放导致的更温暖、更潮湿的大气环境。极端气候的快速波动对当代天气和气候预测系统构成挑战，并对人类社会产生连锁影响。
文章结构：
引言：提出研究主题，即人类活动导致全球降雨不稳定。
解释降雨变异性：定义降雨变异性，并举例说明。
研究发现：指出降雨变异性增加的具体情况和地区。
进一步研究原因：探讨降雨变异性增加的原因。
影响与挑战：讨论降雨变异性增加对人类社会的影响。
36. F. The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
解析：此句介绍了研究的来源，即由中国科学院大气物理研究所的研究人员进行的。这符合引言部分提出研究主题后，介绍研究来源的常规结构。
37. G. Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods.
解析：此句进一步解释降雨变异性的含义，即降雨在时间上的不均匀分布，导致干湿期的出现。这有助于读者更好地理解降雨变异性的概念。
38. E. It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade.
解析：此句提供了降雨变异性增加的另一个具体数据，即全球降雨的日变异性每十年增加 1.2%。这补充了上文提到的降雨变异性增加的情况。
39.D. To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research.
解析：此句作为过渡句，引出下文对降雨变异性增加原因的研究。它表明研究团队为了理解降雨变异性增加的原因，进行了进一步的研究。
40.B. Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges.
解析：此句作为结尾，提出应对降雨变异性增加带来的挑战的解决方案，即立即采取适应措施。这符合文章结尾提出解决方案或建议的常规结构。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
文本类型：这是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Michael Surrell 在邻居家发生火灾时，不顾个人安危，勇敢冲进火场救出8 岁小女孩 Tiara Roberts 的感人故事。
主旨大意：文章通过描述 Michael Surrell 的英勇行为，展现了他对邻居的关爱和无私奉献的精神，同时也体现了在危难时刻人性的光辉。
文章结构：
开头：介绍 Michael Surrell 和他的妻子在停车时接到女儿的电话，得知邻居家发生火灾。
发展：Michael Surrell 毫不犹豫地冲进火场，但由于烟雾浓重，他不得不暂时退出呼吸新鲜空气。在得知小女孩 Tiara 在二楼后，他再次冲进火场。
高潮：Michael Surrell 在黑暗中摸索，最终找到了 Tiara，并成功将她救出。
结尾：Tiara 在几天后从医院出院，而 Michael Surrell 的肺部状况因火灾而恶化，但他表示这是值得的，并会毫不犹豫地再次这样做。
解析：
41.C. check
解析：check 在此处意为“查看”，符合 Michael Surrell 听到火灾消息后立刻去查看情况的语境。
42.B. granddaughter
解析：根据后文提到的“The baby is inside!”和“The second floor,” her grandma shouted back.可知，Tiara Roberts
是那位老妇人的孙女，所以选 B。
43.D. immediately
解析：immediately 意为“立刻”，符合 Michael Surrell 听到火灾消息后立刻冲进火场的语境。
44.B. smoke
解析：根据后文提到的 he moved outside to 46 his breath.可知，Michael Surrell 是因为烟雾而不得不暂时退出火场呼吸新鲜空气，所以选 B。
45. A. breathe
解析：breathe 意为“呼吸”，符合在烟雾浓重的环境中难以呼吸的语境。
46.C. catch
解析：hold one’s breath 意为“屏住呼吸”，save one’s breath 表示“不白费口舌，沉默，不作声”，catch one’s breath表示“喘口气”，waste one’s breath 表示“徒费唇舌，白说”。
47.D. desperately
解释：Surrell 迫切地（desperately）想知道 Tiara 在哪里，因为他想尽快救出她。这里的 desperately 比 devotedly（忠诚地）、delightedly（高兴地）或 deliberately（故意地）更符合语境。
48.B. similar
解释：因为邻居家的房子和 Surrell 家的房子布局相似（similar），所以他很容易就找到了楼梯。
49.D. overwhelming
解析：overwhelming 意为“压倒性的”，符合黑暗中烟雾浓重、难以看清的语境。
50.C. distinct
解析：distinct 意为“清晰的”，符合在黑暗中听到清晰的呻吟声的语境。
51.C. sign
解析：sign 在此处意为“迹象、标志”，符合 Michael Surrell 在黑暗中摸索小女孩的踪迹的语境。
52. A. touched
解释：最终，Surrell 摸到了（touched）什么东西，这很可能是 Tiara。
53.C. struggling
解析：struggle 表示“挣扎着前进”，符合主人公抱着小女孩在火中前进的状态。
54.B. released
解析：released 意为“释放、出院”，符合小女孩在几天后从医院出院的语境。
55. A. price
解析：price 在此处意为“代价”，符合 Michael Surrell 认为自己的肺部状况恶化是救出小女孩所付出的代价的语境。
第二节
本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国新发布的视频游戏《黑神话：悟空》的巨大影响力，以及它如何推动相关电子产品在中国的热销。现在，我们根据文本内容分析空格处的正确答案：
56. popularity
分析：此处需要填入一个名词，与前面的定冠词“the”和形容词“overwhelming”搭配，表示“巨大的受欢迎程度”。因此，“popularity”是合适的选择。
57. which
分析：此句是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的“Black Myth: Wukong”。由于定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词是一个游戏名（非人），因此应使用关系代词“which”来引导。
58. copies
分析：“copy”作为“副本、复制品”的意思时，是可数名词。根据前面的数词“10 million”可知，此处需要填入复数形式“copies”。
59. be regarded
分析：根据句意“行业专家表示，被誉为中国首款 3A 级杰作的《黑神话：悟空》拥有出色的视觉效果，并可以被视为其他中国视频游戏的典范……”，此处需要用到被动语态“be regarded as”来表示“被视为”。
60. glued
分析：这里需要一个形容词作宾语补足语，“glued to their seats” 是一个常用的表达方式，表示 “被粘在座位上”，也就是让玩家全神贯注地玩游戏，舍不得离开座位的意思。
61. an
分析：此处需要填入一个冠词来修饰后面的单数名词“associate professor”。由于“associate professor”是以元音音素开头的单词，因此应使用不定冠词“an”。
62. makes
分析：根据主句中的“The fact”可知，此处是主语从句的谓语动词。由于主语是单数名词“fact”，且整个句子描述的是客观事实，因此应使用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式“makes”。
63. higher
分析：根据句意“与中文书籍相比，视频游戏在年轻外国消费者中的市场渗透率更高”可知，此处需要比较级来表示两者之间的对比。因此，“higher”是合适的选择。
64. as
分析：固定短语“act as”表示“充当、担任”。
65. contributing
分析：根据句意“从而有助于中国文化的传播和中国游戏向世界的出口”可知，此处需要用到现在分词形式“contributing”作为结果状语，表示“导致、促成”的结果。同时，“thereby”作为副词，也暗示了后面的动作是前面动作的结果或效果。
第四部分 写作
第二节
参考范文 2
Gabriel looked up at the hole and said, “I might be small enough to get out.” Adrian’s eyes widened in surprise, while Jasper looked at Gabriel with a mixture of hope and worry. Gathering all his courage, Gabriel began to squeeze himself towards the hole, his heart pounding with each inch he climbed. The rocks scratched his skin, but he ignored the pain, focused solely on finding a way out. His eyes lit up with relief as he finally emerged from the cave, and on account of his regular running, he managed to dash towards the farmhouse despite his profound exhaustion.
Out of breath, Gabriel finally saw the farmhouse. Without hesitation, he sprinted towards it, crying out for help. Jasper’s family and Mr. Hamilton rushed out, their faces filled with concern. Gabriel explained the situation, and they quickly devised a plan to rescue Adrian and Jasper. With ropes and ladders, they managed to pull the boys out of the cave, safe and sound. Gabriel’s bravery and quick thinking had saved them all, and as they hugged each other, they knew that their friendship had grown stronger through this horrific experience.
写作思路
本文以事故发生的情节为线索展开，讲述了 Gabriel 和他的朋友 Jasper 在成为同学前就认识了，Gabriel 的个子不高，由于同学 Adrian 的一个笑话使得 Gabriel 有些不安，他每天都在跑步，这样就不会在想学校的问题了。在一个星期六，Jasper 邀请 Gabriel 和 Adrian 去农场参加他的生日派对，Jasper 带着他俩进入了一个洞穴，在跨越洞穴入口的一个石头房间时发生了意外，大家被困在洞穴的故事。
①由第一段首句内容“Gabriel 抬头看了看那个洞，说：“我可能足够小，可以出去。”可知，第一段可描写 Gabriel是如何钻出洞口的，又是如何到达农场的，结合本文的题目应涉及到 Gabriel 跑步的相关内容。
②由第二段首句内容“（跑得）上气不接下气地，Gabriel 终于看到了农场。”可知，第二段可描写 Gabriel 将消息告诉大人们后，人们又是怎么最终将被困的孩子解救出来的。Adrian 道歉，以及此时 Gabriel 如何看待自己的小身材的。
续写线索
主动尝试钻出洞口——全速跑向农场——到达农场报信——人们救出被困孩子——Adrian 道歉——Gabriel 的感悟
附：听力录音原文
1. C
【原文】M: That’s my friend Enma over there. Didn’t you get a chance to meet her at the picnic last month
W: I wish I could have, but I was taking care of my mother then. She wasn’t feeling well.
M: I’m so sorry to hear that.
2. B
【原文】W: I can't believe I am still putting on weight. I go for a run in the park every morning. And I haven't had dinner for almost a month.
M: Hmm, I don't think your dream will come true — unless you stop going to the convenience store and buying all kinds of snacks every Friday afternoon.
3. A
【原文】W: Do you need me to pick you up at the airport this evening, Dad
M: No thanks, dear. I’ll take a taxi directly to our favorite restaurant. Oh, could you bring me a coat from home
W: Ha-ha, I will get you a new one, since I am hanging out at a mall.
4. B
【原文】M: All right, dear. Pick three daily courses that you want. For example, if you want this geography course, click here.
W: Got it. But should I choose the morning or afternoon classes
M: Well, it’s really up to you!
5. A
【原文】W: Have you given out your monthly report yet
M: No, I haven’t. I was planning to give it out this afternoon.
W: Please do it as soon as possible. The monthly report is supposed to be given out before lunch hour.
M: I’m sorry. I didn’t know that. I’ll do it right away.
6. A 7. C
【原文】W: Hi, Ron. Can you cook
M: I wouldn’t say I’m a chef, but I do cook, I can eat anything, so I don’t try very hard to make it taste good.
W: What do you like to cook
M: I like to barbecue outside on the grill.
W: What do you put on your barbecue
M: Mostly meat. I keep the spices simple, just salt and pepper. It’s amazing how these basic flavors can enhance the taste, especially compared to steaming or stewing.
W: That sounds great, I can’t wait to try it sometime.
8. B 9. C 10. A
【原文】M: What’s the matter, Clare
W: I’ve got a history exam on Friday, and I’m worried I’ll fail it.
M: Why You’re brilliant at history.
W: Yes. But look at the amount of information I need to remember. These are my notes from today.
M: These aren’t notes! These look more like a full text.
W: What do you mean
M: You don’t need to copy everything word for word. “Notes” should be brief, focusing on key terms and concepts. You can consider drawing symbols, they can be really effective memory aids and you don’t need to write so many words
W: That’s a great idea!
11. A 12. B 13. C
【原文】M: Good afternoon, everyone. We will talk about food in space today. First question: What is the first vegetable grown in space, Elena
W: I once read in the newspaper that the potato was the first vegetable to be grown in space in October 1995.
M: Good answer. Nowadays astronauts can eat a varied diet in space that is similar to what we eat on Earth. Do you know what food the Chinese astronauts are able to eat
W: I heard that there are many kinds of food, for example fresh fruits and festive food.
M: You're right. When Shenzhou-12 was launched, more than 120 kinds of space food items were provided, according to the preference of astronauts. And the space station was equipped with a kitchen, including a microwave oven and a refrigerator.
W: That's really amazing. How I wish to experience one day in space in the future.
M: Ha-ha. There is a project, which invites students to experience the simulated situations in space. If you're interested, please fill in the form and hand it in before next class.
W: What a great chance!
14. A 15. C 16. C 17. A
【原文】M: Wow, your office’s really nice!
W: Yeah, typical tech company office, right
M: Is that a spinning bike
W: Yeah. We have a table tennis, too. Want a game
M: I can’t believe this. Do you ever do any work
W: Sure, we do a lot of work! Sometimes you just need to take a break and clear your head, you know.
M: You’re so lucky… You should see where I work.
W: You don’t like it
M: It’s not the size of the room that bothers me. It’s the fact that no one talks to each other. We all sit there in rows, disconnected… It’s really uncomfortable, to be honest.
W: So why not move With your background you could find something better easily.
M: But I think if I put a couple more years in, I could move up in the company. If I leave now, the time I spent will have been for nothing.
W: If that’s how you feel about it, why would you want to stay You really think being a manager would be any better
M: I hope so… Anyway, I don’t want to think about it any more. How about that game table of table tennis
W: Alright, but I should warn you, I’ve been practicing a lot…
18. C 19. A 20. B
【原文】
W: Sammie Vance knows there’s nothing worse than feeling left out. For years, she’s been helping kids who feel lonely make friends. She is running the Budd Bench program. She got the idea for the Buddy Bench program at a summer camp in 2017. The idea was that anyone at school who was feeling lonely could sit on the “buddy bench”. That let other kids know someone needed a friend. “It’s really helpful to have other people notice you,” Sammie says. The idea quickly caught on. To reduce costs and be eco-friendly, Sammie decided to make the bench out of recycled materials. So she gathered her community to collect bottle caps. She even got caps from people in Germany, the Netherlands and other countries. In the end, she collected more than 1200 pounds of bottle caps. Sammie says the effort has helped her learn to acknowledge her shortcomings and take breaks when working on a big project. Before long, Sammie was helping other schools acquire benches. She has donated more than 200 benches to schools and parks around the country, and in Mexico and Australia.Her work continues to spread kindness far and wide. “We recently got a bench in Ghana, Africa,” she says. “That was cool.”
