江西省赣州市十八县二十四校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（含解析）
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| 名称 | 江西省赣州市十八县二十四校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（含解析） |  | |
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2024-2025学年学年江西省赣州市十八县二十四校高三上学期期中考试英语试题
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Since 2010, Cheetah Sports Academy has been organising fun-filled sporting activities for primary school children. This year, we will be organising our very first three-day camp! Through participating in engaging outdoor and indoor activities, your confidence, fitness and mood will improve. As this is a day camp, you will get to go home every evening. Rest assured that you do not have to love sports to gain camping experience! Sign up now!
Recommendations from Our Members:
I signed up for the camp and made many new friends, I have gained new confidence through these sporting activities and will recommend my friends to sign up for them too!
—Hailey, 10 years old
I felt so happy and relaxed after the camp. After learning Gaelic Football, which is a team sport, I went back to school and taught my classmates how to play. Since then, we have been playing Gaelic Football every weekend!
—Corrine 11 years old
Registration Information
To register, visit www..sg. Sign up with another friend and both of you will get a limited-edition Cheetah Sports Academy backpack. Also, if you sign up before 1 November 2024, you will get to enjoy a 10% discount. Sign up now!
Sponsored by: Healthy Living Association
Organised by: Cheetah Sports Academy
21. Who is this camp organised for
A. Sports-loving children.
B. Primary school children.
C. Members of Cheetah Sports Academy.
D. Members of Healthy Living Association.
22. What can participants expect to do
A Organise sporting activities. B. Promote sports spirit.
C. Camp overnight. D. Gain more confidence.
23. What will you receive if you register alone on October 29, 2024
A. A reduction in the usual price. B. A pair of new sports shoes.
C. A limited-edition backpack. D. A limited-edition sports T-shirt.
B
I have now spent a week in the Amazon jungle in Brazil. The jungle is filled with many kinds of animals, birds, and fish. But chances of seeing these creatures are small, because they are easily frightened. Crocodiles, turtles, electric eels, and fish live in the Amazon River.
During a canoe ride one night, I sat quietly for almost an hour, trying to spot some of the jungle’s creatures. With a flashlight, I finally saw squirrel monkeys running along tree branches. A crocodile eyed our canoe as it moved through the water. On our return to camp, I saw a large, hairy tarantula sitting on a tree stump (树桩).
Several native tribes make their homes along the banks of the Amazon River. For most of them, their style of living has hardly changed in the past 4,000 years. I visited a village of the Yagua tribe. The people were interested in me, but cautious. The Yagua are shy people who will probably never get used to the sight of tourists.
The Yagua live on high wooden platforms covered by thatched roofs. They eat whatever the jungle supplies, including fish, bananas, and yucca plants.
The men wear grass skirts and hats. They paint red dye made from berries on their faces and necks. The women and children wear skirts of cloth and shirts of straw, but are not “made up” as the men are. The men spend the day hunting with blowguns that shoot poison darts. Meanwhile, the women and children keep the village in good order and make beads and the blowguns.
Before I left the village, the children asked me to write my name for them. They watched me with great interest as I wrote. I was sad to leave the village but grateful that the Yagua had been willing to share their lives with me.
24. Why are animals difficult to be spotted
A. They are easily scared away. B. They are active only at night.
C. They are mostly underwater. D. They are in a small number.
25. What is the Yagua people’s attitude towards the author
A. Critical. B. Careful. C. Grateful. D. Doubtful.
26. What can we know about the Yagua
A. They use modern tools for hunting. B. Their culture is influenced by tourists.
C. Their lifestyle has barely changed. D. They depend on farming for survival.
27. What is this journal about
A. The history of rainforests. B. The sights of Brazil wildlife.
C. The journey to the Yagua tribe. D. The animals in the Amazon jungle.
C
When hearing the word “genius”, many people automatically picture a person with crazy and untidy hair — someone like Albert Einstein, the famous scientist. They imagine the genius to be madly writing equations (方程式) on a whiteboard, perhaps muttering to themselves as they work. This is a popular stereotype of what a genius is like, but is it accurate What makes a person a genius
Psychological studies define a genius as being a person with an above average intelligence, and many researchers believe that an IQ (Intelligence Quotient) of above 140 indicates that a person has a high potential of genius. Research confirms that inherited (遗传的) intellectual ability does play a role in determining genius, and statistics show that genius tendencies are frequently passed down from generation to generation.
But is a person’s natural intelligence strongly linked to genius Many people who score highly on intelligence tests are not successful in everyday life, and they often do not display any above-average abilities. The 19th century British scientist, Sir Francis Galton, believed that the term “genius” could only be applied to someone who had accomplished a significant achievement. What mattered to Galton was not a person’s potential ability, but how much a person could achieve with that ability. He considered intelligence and characteristics such as enthusiasm and capacity to work hard are equally important.
Some believe that genius may almost be a type of psychosis. It is a fact that some of the world’s most celebrated intellectual geniuses display very poor social and emotional skills, and these people closely match the stereotype of the “mad scientist” genius. Others believe one can be a genius in one or two areas but not in others. They believe many people can have elements of genius — such as being a confident speaker or an excellent sportsman.
At present there is nothing agreed upon the exact meaning or explanation of genius. However, it does appear that both genetic and environmental factors contribute toward creating a genius.
28. What is the main purpose of this passage
A. To show how to produce a genius.
B. To present different definitions of genius.
C. To discuss the possible makeup of a genius.
D. To explore the mental health of geniuses.
29. What is as important to genius as intelligence according to Galton
A. High emotional intelligence. B. Significant achievements.
C. Potential for innovation. D. Passion and diligence.
30. What does the word “psychosis” in Paragraph 4 possibly mean
A. High intelligence. B. Frank personality.
C. Mental disease. D. Physical fitness.
31. What can we infer from the passage
A. The definition of genius is still under debate.
B. People with high EQ are usually successful.
C. A genius is usually confident in speaking.
D. People with poor social skills are likely to be genius.
D
Soon after ChatGPT was introduced to public in 2022, researchers tested what the artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot would write after it was asked questions with false narratives. The results were troubling. Researchers predict that generative technology like ChatGPT could make disinformation cheaper and easier to produce for an even larger number of spreaders of disinformation. Personalized, real-time chatbots could share false information in increasingly credible and persuasive ways, researchers say, smoothing out human errors like poor grammar and mistranslations and advancing beyond easily discoverable copy-paste jobs. And they say that no available strategies can effectively fight it.
Earlier versions of ChatGPT, which was created by the company OpenAI, have been used for years to fill online forums and social media platforms with comments and unwanted emails. Microsoft had to stop activity from its Tay chatbot within 24 hours of introducing it on Twitter in2016 after trolls (恶意发帖人) taught it to use racist language. ChatGPT is far more powerful, advanced and complex. Supplied with questions loaded with disinformation, it can produce convincing, clean variations on the content within seconds, without disclosing its sources. Recently, Microsoft and OpenAI introduced a new Bing search engine and web browser that can use chatbot technology to plan vacations, translate texts or conduct research.
OpenAI researchers have long been nervous about chatbots falling into hands of criminals. They voiced their concern about their chatbot’s capabilities to lower costs of disinformation campaigns and aid in the pursuit of monetary gains, particular political agendas, and/or desires to create chaos or confusion. OpenAI uses machines and humans to monitor content that is fed into and produced by ChatGPT. The company relies on both its human AI trainers and feed-back from users to identify and filter out harmful training data while teaching ChatGPT to produce better-informed responses. OpenAI’s policies prohibit use of its technology to promote dishonesty, mislead users or attempt to influence politics. The company offers a free moderation tool to handle content that promotes hate, self-harm and violence.
32. What do we know about the Tay chatbot
A. It was taken down shortly after it was released.
B. It was OpenAI’s most advanced chatbot.
C. It was introduced to compete with ChatGPT.
D. It was slow in learning new content.
33. How does ChatGPT increase the risk of disinformation
A. It reduces the effectiveness of disinformation.
B. It lowers the cost of disinformation campaigns.
C. It makes disinformation cheaper and convincing.
D. It spreads information more quickly than before.
34. What does OpenAI do to prevent the misuse of ChatGPT
A. Share data with other companies.
B. Encourage users to give feedback.
C. Monitor content and follow strict rules.
D. Review information from new users.
35. What could be the best title of this passage
A. OpenAI Bans the Misuse of Generative Technology
B. ChatGPT Crafts Misinformation in More Areas
C. Researchers Seek Solutions to Combat AI Chatbots
D. Researchers Raise Alarms About AI Chatbots
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do We Really Need Cash Anymore
Most of us don’t consider forests a source of pollution. ____36____ But a recent study in Japan shows that some plantations (种植园), especially older cedar and cypress plantations (雪松和柏树林) are causing as much pollution as a poorly managed agricultural field or urban setting. According to Masaaki Chiwa, the lead author of the study, the pollution is not the fault of the trees. ____37____ In Japan, as in other countries, natural forests usually play a significant role in maintaining water quality.
“Many Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress plantations were established in the 1950s and 1960s — 60% of those on private land,” according to Chiwa. “These are not natural forests. ____38____”
At the time of their planting there was a short supply of these trees. However, an increase in imports of other woods has affected prices of Japanese cedar and cypress and led to the decline in active plantation management. ____39____
These older plantations are now a source of non-point nitrogen pollution according to the study. “Non-point” pollution comes from a more widespread area, such as these plantations. The nitrogen is flowing from the plantations during rainfalls or snow melts into nearby bodies of water, causing algae blooms.
____40____ Just like in a natural forest, needles fall from the aging trees and accumulate on the plantation floor. This is part of Mother Nature’s way of recycling nutrients. Earthworms and soil microbes decompose the needles and return the nutrients to the soil. Younger growth nearby finishes the process and takes up the nutrients.
A. It’s the management of the plantations.
B. Sometimes such pollution is easily ignored.
C. Where does all this nitrogen come from
D. They were meant for commercial purposes.
E. The result was overcrowded land with aging trees.
F. As natural bodies, they should be good for the environment.
G. The age of the trees in these plantations means they are growing more slowly.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Bad Luck Theory
Murphy’s law states: “If anything can go wrong, it will.”
You just washed your car, and it started raining. Is this only bad luck or is it Murphy’s law at work
____41____ situations occur all the time. When you get into a line at the supermarket, you find you’ve ____42____ the slowest one, and it just doesn’t move. When you’re in a hurry to open the door and you ____43____ several keys on the key ring, the last one is usually the one that ____44____. Is it bad luck or does it happen only by chance British physicist Robert Mathews thinks it’s neither one nor the other. He explains that people tend to ____45____ the bad things more readily than the things that usually work out, and the law of probability is more against us than in our ____46____.
Mathews became a popular scientist when he proved that a piece of toast doesn’t ____47____ fall on the floor on the buttered side. According to the ____48____, half fell on the buttered side, and half didn’t.
Now here’s a ____49____ question for Dr. Mathews. It’s a known ____50____ that cats always fall on their four legs. What happens if you tie a piece of buttered toast on a cat’s ____51____ and drop it from a balcony Will the cat land on all fours, ____52____ will the toast land on the buttered side
Just remember that you cannot ____53____ Murphy’s law for everything that goes wrong. If your car breaks down on the way, it’s probably because you didn’t have it ____54____ or repaired. If the hot water runs out while you’re having a ____55____ it’s probably because the burner needs to be fixed.
41. A. General B. Strange C. Unusual D. Similar
42. A. stood B. chosen C. crossed D. drawn
43. A. try B. turn C. find D. remove
44. A. fits B. changes C. works D. suits
45. A. throw B. collect C. forget D. remember
46. A. advantage B. agreement C. favor D. support
47. A. regularly B. quickly C. necessarily D. directly
48. A. experiment B. agreement C. fiction D. prediction
49. A. tricky B. ridiculous C. familiar D. contemporary
50. A. theory B. story C. fact D. opinion
51. A. legs B. ears C. stomach D. back
52. A. and B. or C. so D. but
53. A. blame B. thank C. design D. spare
54. A. cleaned B. serviced C. started D. measured
55. A. shower B. rest C. dinner D. swim
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nature Protects China’s Great Wall
Researchers have recently found that parts of China’s Great Wall have been preserved by something called a biocrust, _____56_____ thin layer of plant life. The most famous parts of the wall were built from stone, but in some areas it was built _____57_____ (use) rammed earth with soil and rocks _____58_____ (press) together. Over time, wind and rain can _____59_____ (easy) wear down rammed earth, so scientists have often questioned _____60_____ these old sections of the Great Wall have managed to survive for such a long time.
A group of researchers from China Agricultural University examined a 370-mile long section of the wall and found that more than two thirds of it _____61_____ (cover) in biocrust. Some pieces of the plant-based layer were up to three times stronger than the rammed earth. This means that the biocrust _____62_____ (strengthen) the wall and protected it from being worn down by weather over the years.
These _____63_____ (find) could be important for people who manage ancient structures around the world. Although biocrust may not look _____64_____ (attract), its natural ability to preserve things could be a very useful tool for experts looking for ways ______65______ (protect) precious ancient buildings.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，以下是你的好友Sarah的邮件要点和你的要点备注，你打算据此给Sarah回一封电子邮件。
Sarah’s email Your notes
downtown, 7:00, Saturday evening, birthday party downtown Yes. I can.
dinner at an Italian bistro or a Chinese restaurant, the Golden Duck Say which I prefer, because…
join us in the skiing in the mountains on Sunday morning Yes, I’d like to.
any other questions Ask Sarah…
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hi, Sarah. Thanks for inviting me!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Gary, it’s the start of a long weekend. Shall we go for lunch at Southpoint Mall and then go to the arcade after school The new game that we have been waiting for was just launched!” Jason asked his best friend excitedly during recess. That had always been their plan whenever there was a long weekend. Instead of the enthusiastic reply that Jason was expecting, Gary looked away and mumbled an excuse. “I can’t. I have to look after my sickly grandmother,” Gary responded. His voice was so soft that Jason had to strain his ears to catch the words. “I see. We can go some other time then,” Jason said reassuringly, though he was puzzled. For as long as he had known Gary, Gary had never declined a visit to the arcade. Moreover, had he not been eager to play the new game
For the rest of the day, Gary stayed away from Jason in case he asked more questions. He was not ready to tell Jason the truth. He had taken on a part-time job, working at the fast-food restaurant near his home. In a way, he had not told Jason a lie when he said he had to take care of his sickly grandmother. Gary wanted to chip in to ease his family’s financial burden. Her condition required frequent visits to the hospital, and these contributed to the high medical expenses. He had decided that getting a part-time job was the best solution.
As soon as the dismissal bell rang, Gary grabbed his bag, rushed down the stairs and zoomed out of the school gates. He had to go home and get ready for his shift at the fast-food restaurant. He did not want to be late. It was only his second week on the job. Latecomers would also have their extra allowance deducted, and he could not afford that. Upon reaching home, he took a quick shower and changed into his work uniform. “I’m leaving, Mum!” Gary called out. Having kissed his grandmother goodbye, he set off.
After locking his bicycle securely, Gary entered his workplace. Many tables were already occupied. More customers were streaming in, looking for seats. He braced himself for the weekend crowds. Gary took his position behind the counter as a teenager stepped up and started rattling off his order. Gary’s fingers moved rapidly to key in the items ordered. He took great care in ensuring that they were correct. The teenager moved aside to wait for his order after making payment.
“Next order, please,” Gary said as he placed a tray in front of him.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
During the break, Gary sat down with Jason and he apologised for not explaining the situation earlier.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案版
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【21题】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Since 2010, Cheetah Sports Academy has been organising fun-filled sporting activities for primary school children.(自2010年以来，猎豹体育学院一直在为小学生组织充满乐趣的体育活动。)”可知，这个夏令营是为小学生组织的。故选B项。
【22题】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Through participating in engaging outdoor and indoor activities, your confidence, fitness and mood will improve. (通过参与户外和室内活动，你的信心、健康和情绪都会得到改善。)”可知，参与者可以期待获得更多的信心。故选D项。
【23题】
细节理解题。由Registration Information中“Also, if you sign up before 1 November 2024, you will get to enjoy a 10% discount. Sign up now!(此外，如果您在2024年11月1日之前注册，您将享受10%的折扣。立即注册！)”可知，如果您在2024年10月29日注册，您将获得通常价格的折扣。故选A项。
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C
【24题】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But chances of seeing these creatures are small, because they are easily frightened.( 但看到这些动物的机会很小，因为它们很容易受到惊吓。)”可知，动物很难被发现是因为他们很容易被吓跑。故选A项。
【25题】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“I visited a village of the Yagua tribe. The people were interested in me, but cautious.( 我参观了亚瓜部落的一个村庄。人们对我很感兴趣，但很谨慎。)”可知，亚瓜人对作者的态度是小心谨慎的。故选B项。
【26题】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For most of them, their style of living has hardly changed in the past 4,000 years.( 对于他们中的大多数人来说，他们的生活方式在过去的4000年里几乎没有改变。)”可知，关于亚瓜我们能知道他们的生活方式几乎没有改变。故选C项。
【27题】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第三段中“Several native tribes make their homes along the banks of the Amazon River. For most of them, their style of living has hardly changed in the past 4,000 years. I visited a village of the Yagua tribe.( 几个土著部落在亚马逊河沿岸定居。对于他们中的大多数人来说，他们的生活方式在过去的4000年里几乎没有改变。我参观了亚瓜部落的一个村庄。)”和下文的内容介绍可知，文章主要讲的是作者去亚马逊河旁的亚瓜部落的旅途经历。由此可推知，这本日记是关于去亚瓜部落的旅程。故选C项。
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A
【28题】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“When hearing the word “genius”, many people automatically picture a person with crazy and untidy hair—someone like Albert Einstein, the famous scientist. They imagine the genius to be madly writing equations (方程式) on a whiteboard, perhaps muttering to themselves as they work. This is a popular stereotype of what a genius is like, but is it accurate What makes a person a genius (当听到“天才”这个词时，许多人会不由自主地联想到一个头发蓬乱的人——比如著名科学家Albert Einstein。他们想象这位天才会疯狂地在白板上写方程式，也许边写边自言自语。这是对天才的普遍刻板印象，但它准确吗？是什么使一个人成为天才？)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是提出天才的不同定义。故选B。
【29题】
细节理解题。根据第三段“He considered intelligence and characteristics such as enthusiasm and capacity to work hard are equally important.(他认为智力和热情、努力、能力等特点同样重要。)”可知，根据Galton的说法，对天才来说，热情和勤奋和智力一样重要。故选D。
【30题】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“It is a fact that some of the world’s most celebrated intellectual geniuses display very poor social and emotional skills, and these people closely match the stereotype of the “mad scientist” genius.(事实上，一些世界上最著名的智力天才表现出非常糟糕的社交和情感技能，这些人非常符合“疯狂科学家”天才的刻板印象。)”可知，有些人认为天才几乎是一种精神病，划线词psychosis的意思是“精神病”，和Mental disease意思相近。故选C。
【31题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“At present there is nothing agreed upon the exact meaning or explanation of genius.(目前，对于天才的确切含义和解释还没有达成一致意见。)”可知，天才的定义仍在争论中。故选A。
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D
【32题】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Microsoft had to stop activity from its Tay chatbot within 24 hours of introducing it on Twitter in2016 after trolls (恶意发帖人) taught it to use racist language.(2016年，微软在推特上推出Tay聊天机器人后，24小时内就停止了它的活动，因为有恶意攻击者教它使用种族主义语言)”可知，Tay聊天机器人在发布后不久就被下架了。故选A项。
【33题】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers predict that generative technology like ChatGPT could make disinformation cheaper and easier to produce for an even larger number of spreaders of disinformation.( 研究人员预测，像ChatGPT这样的生成技术可以使虚假信息更便宜，更容易为更多的虚假信息传播者生产)”可知，ChatGPT增加了虚假信息的风险，因为它使虚假信息更便宜，更有说服力。故选C项。
【34题】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“OpenAI uses machines and humans to monitor content that is fed into and produced by ChatGPT. (OpenAI使用机器和人类来监控ChatGPT输入和生成的内容)”以及“OpenAI’s policies prohibit use of its technology to promote dishonesty, mislead users or attempt to influence politics. The company offers a free moderation tool to handle content that promotes hate, self-harm and violence.(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技术来促进不诚实、误导用户或试图影响政治。该公司提供了一个免费的审核工具来处理宣扬仇恨、自残和暴力的内容)”可知，OpenAI通过监控内容并严格遵守规则来防止滥用ChatGPT。故选C项。
【35题】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“OpenAI’s policies prohibit use of its technology to promote dishonesty, mislead users or attempt to influence politics. The company offers a free moderation tool to handle content that promotes hate, self-harm and violence(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技术来促进不诚实、误导用户或试图影响政治。该公司提供了一个免费的审核工具来处理宣扬仇恨、自残和暴力的内容)”可知，文章主要讲的是研究人员对人工智能聊天机器人表示担忧，并对其提出警告。由此可知，“研究人员对人工智能聊天机器人发出警告”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。
【答案】36. F 37. A 38. D 39. E 40. C
36题】
空前“Most of us don’t consider forests a source of pollution.(我们大多数人都不认为森林是污染源。)”说明了人们不认为森林是污染源，由空后的But表转折可知，空格处仍然应该讲人们不认为森林是污染环境的，F选项“As natural bodies, they should be good for the environment.(作为自然物体，它们应该对环境有益。)”说明了人们认为森林对环境有益，也就是森林并不会污染环境，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
【37题】
空前“According to Masaaki Chiwa, the lead author of the study, the pollution is not the fault of the trees.(该研究的第一作者Masaaki Chiwa表示，污染不是树木的错。)”说明了污染不是树木的错，空格处应该说是谁的错，A选项“It’s the management of the plantations.(是种植园的管理。)”说明了污染是种植园的管理的错，承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【38题】
空前“These are not natural forests.(这些不是天然林。)”说明了这些不是天然森林，空格处应该说这些是什么，D选项“They were meant for commercial purposes.(它们是用于商业目的的。)”说明了这些是用于商业目的的，其中的They和前面的These相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【39题】
空前“However, an increase in imports of other woods has affected prices of Japanese cedar and cypress and led to the decline in active plantation management.(但是，其他木材进口的增加影响了日本雪松和柏树的价格，并导致积极的种植园管理减少。)”说明了其他木材进口的增加导致积极的种植园管理减少，空格处应该说这进一步又会导致什么结果，E选项“The result was overcrowded land with aging trees.(其结果是土地上长满了老树。)”说明了其他木材进口的增加导致种植园管理的减少之后所带来的结果是土地上长满老树，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【40题】
空前“The nitrogen is flowing from the plantations during rainfalls or snow melts into nearby bodies of water, causing algae blooms.(降雨或积雪融化时，氮从种植园流入附近的水体，导致藻类大量繁殖。)”说明了氮从种植园流入附近的水体，空后“Just like in a natural forest, needles fall from the aging trees and accumulate on the plantation floor. This is part of Mother Nature’s way of recycling nutrients. Earthworms and soil microbes decompose the needles and return the nutrients to the soil. Younger growth nearby finishes the process and takes up the nutrients.(就像在天然森林里一样，针叶从老树上掉下来，堆积在种植园的地上。这是大自然循环养分的一部分。蚯蚓和土壤微生物会分解这些针叶，并将营养物质送回土壤。附近较年轻的植物完成了这一过程，并吸收了营养。)”解释的是氮的由来，空格处应该提出问题，询问空前所提到的氮是怎么来的，C选项“Where does all this nitrogen come from (这些氮从何而来？)”发出疑问，问这些氮是从哪里来的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. C 47. C 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. A
【41题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：类似的情况一直在发生。A. General普遍的；B. Strange奇怪的；C. Unusual不寻常的；D. Similar类似的。由下文“When you get into a line at the supermarket,”和“When you’re in a hurry to open the door”举的例子以及语境可知，这里指“类似的”情况一直在发生。故选D项。
【42题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在超市排队时，你发现你选择了最慢的一队，它就是不动。A. stood站；B. chosen选择；C. crossed穿越；D. drawn画画。由上文“get into a line”以及语境可知，这里指你“选择”在最慢的一队排队。故选B项。
【43题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你急着开门，在钥匙圈上试了几把钥匙时，最后一把通常是有效的。A. try尝试；B. turn转动；C. find发现；D. remove移除。由下文“several keys on the key ring”可知，这里指你已经“尝试”了几把钥匙。故选A项。
【44题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你急着开门，在钥匙圈上试了几把钥匙时，最后一把通常是有效的。A. fits适合；B. changes变化；C. works工作，奏效；D. suits适合。由上文“the last one”可知，这里指尝试了所有钥匙才发现最后那一把“奏效”可打开门。故选C项。
【45题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，相对于通常能解决的事情来说，人们往往更轻而易举地记住坏事，概率法则更多时候是违背而不是支持我们。A. throw投掷；B. collect收集；C. forget忘记；D. remember记得。由下文“the bad things more readily”以及语境可知，这里指人们更容易“记住”坏事情。故选D项。
【46题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，相对于通常能解决的事情来说，人们往往更轻而易举地记住坏事，概率法则更多时候是违背而不是支持我们。A. advantage优势；B. agreement协议；C. favor赞成，支持；D. support支持。由上文“is more against us”以及语境可知，这里指概率法则更多反映的是违背我们而不是“支持”我们。in one's favor支持某人，为固定搭配，故选C项。
【47题】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当Mathews 证明一片烤面包不一定是涂了黄油的一面掉在地板上时，他成为了一位受欢迎的科学家。A. regularly定期地；B. quickly快速地；C. necessarily必然地；D. directly直接地。由下文“half fell on the buttered side, and half didn’t”可知，这里指涂了黄油的一面不是“必然地”会掉在地面上。故选C项。
【48题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据实验，一半情况是涂了黄油的一侧落地上，另一半情况是没有黄油的一侧落地上。A. experiment实验；B. agreement协议；C. fiction小说；D. prediction预测。由上文“Mathews became a popular scientist”以及语境可知，Mathews是科学家，这里指他用“实验”证明面包的两面掉地上的概率是一样的。故选A项。
【49题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，Mathews 博士面临一个棘手的问题。A. tricky狡猾的，棘手的；B. ridiculous荒谬的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. contemporary当代的。由下文“Will the cat land on all fours, 12 will the toast land on the buttered side”可知，从理论上说，这是这是一个无解的问题，也算是一个“棘手”的问题。故选A项。
【50题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，猫总是四脚着地。A. theory理论；B. story故事；C. fact事实；D. opinion意见。由下文“that cats always fall on their four legs”以及语境可知，猫总是四脚着地，这是一个大家认为的“事实”。故选C项。
【51题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你把一块涂了黄油的吐司绑在猫的背上，然后从阳台上掉下来，会发生什么？A. legs腿；B. ears耳朵；C. stomach胃；D. back背。由上文“tie a piece of buttered toast on a cat’s”以及语境可知，这里指把一块涂了黄油的吐司绑在猫的“背”上然后做实验，看谁先着地。故选D项。
【52题】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：猫会四肢着地，还是烤面包涂有黄油的一面着地？A. and和；B. or或者；C. so所以；D. but但是。由上文“Will the cat land on all fours”和下文“will the toast land on the buttered side”可知，这是二选一的情况，所以这里应用并列连词or表选择。故选B项。
【53题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要记住，你不能把所有出错的事情都归咎于墨菲定律。A. blame责备，把……归咎于；B. thank感谢；C. design设计；D. spare抽出。由下文“everything that goes wrong”以及语境可知，这里指不要把所有出错的事情“归咎于”墨菲定律。故选A项。
【54题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的车在路上坏了，可能是因为你没有保养或修理过。A. cleaned清洁；B. serviced服务，保养；C. started开始；D. measured测量。由上文“If your car breaks down on the way”可知，这里指车坏了可能是你没有“保养”好。故选B项。
【55题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你洗澡时热水用完了，可能是因为热水器需要修理。A. shower淋浴；B. rest休息；C. dinner晚餐；D. swim游泳。由上文 “the hot water runs out ”以及语境可知，这里指在“淋浴”时突然没有了热水。故选A项。
【答案】56. a 57. using
58. pressed
59. easily 60. how
61. was covered
62. has strengthened
63. findings
64. attractive
65. to protect
【56题】
考查冠词。句意：研究人员最近发现，中国长城的一部分被一种叫做生物外壳的东西保存了下来，这是一种薄薄的植物生命层。此处layer为泛指，且thin是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【57题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最著名的部分是用石头建造的，但在一些地方，它是用夯土将土壤和压在一起的岩石建造的。此处use在句中作方式状语，表示 “使用……的方式建造”应用现在分词形式表主动。故填using。
【58题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最著名的部分是用石头建造的，但在一些地方，它是用夯土将土壤和压在一起的岩石建造的。此处press与rocks构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填pressed。
【59题】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，风雨很容易磨损夯土，所以科学家们经常质疑这些古老的长城是如何存活这么长时间的。修饰动词wear应用副词easily，故填easily。
【60题】
考查宾语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，风雨很容易磨损夯土，所以科学家们经常质疑这些古老的长城是如何存活这么长时间的。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。
【61题】
考查时态语态。句意：来自中国农业大学的一组研究人员检查了一段370英里长的长城，发现三分之二以上的长城被生物硬壳覆盖。主语more than two thirds of it与谓语构成被动关系，根据examined可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was covered。
【62题】
考查时态。句意：这意味着生物外壳加固了墙，保护它免受多年来天气的磨损。根据后文可知为现在完成时，主语为the biocrust，助动词用has。故填has strengthened。
【63题】
考查名词。句意：这些发现对世界各地管理古建筑的人来说可能很重要。作主语应用名词finding，根据上文these可知为复数。故填findings。
【64题】
考查形容词。句意：尽管生物外壳看起来并不吸引人，但它保存东西的天然能力对于寻找保护珍贵古建筑方法的专家来说可能是一个非常有用的工具。作表语，应用形容词attractive。故填attractive。
【65题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管生物外壳看起来并不吸引人，但它保存东西的天然能力对于寻找保护珍贵古建筑方法的专家来说可能是一个非常有用的工具。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to protect。
【答案】Hi, Sarah. Thanks for inviting me! Of course I can come to your birthday party downtown this Saturday evening at 7 pm.
Regarding the dinner, I personally prefer the Italian bistro. I’ve always loved Italian food, but if we go to the Chinese restaurant, I’m sure it’ll be great too! And skiing on Sunday morning sounds exciting! Yes, I would love to join you all. It’s been a while since I last went skiing, so I’m looking forward to it.
By the way, Sarah, should I bring anything special for the skiing trip
Looking forward to celebrating with you!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【答案】范文
“Next order, please,” Gary said as he placed a tray in front of him. When he looked up, he realised that he was face to face with none other than Jason. “Gary Is that you ” Jason asked. Gary’s face flushed, as red as a beetroot. He struggled to answer. How was he to explain to Jason Eventually, he managed a small smile and asked Jason for his order again. Thankfully, Jason placed his order without making a fuss. Seeing that the restaurant was busy, Jason told Gary that they could talk during his break time. Gary nodded and said that it would be in an hour’s time. Jason would wait.
During the break, Gary sat down with Jason and he apologised for not explaining the situation earlier. He realised that he would no longer be able to live a carefree life like most of his peers and his main worry before confiding in Jason was being teased. Jason listened attentively without saying a word. When Gary finished speaking, Jason patted him on the shoulder. “You shouldn’t have kept it from me. I’m proud of you. As your friend, I understand your situation. It’s admirable that you are willing to sacrifice your free time after school to help your family,” Jason remarked. Hearing this, Gary exhaled and felt a heavy load slide off his shoulders.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Since 2010, Cheetah Sports Academy has been organising fun-filled sporting activities for primary school children. This year, we will be organising our very first three-day camp! Through participating in engaging outdoor and indoor activities, your confidence, fitness and mood will improve. As this is a day camp, you will get to go home every evening. Rest assured that you do not have to love sports to gain camping experience! Sign up now!
Recommendations from Our Members:
I signed up for the camp and made many new friends, I have gained new confidence through these sporting activities and will recommend my friends to sign up for them too!
—Hailey, 10 years old
I felt so happy and relaxed after the camp. After learning Gaelic Football, which is a team sport, I went back to school and taught my classmates how to play. Since then, we have been playing Gaelic Football every weekend!
—Corrine 11 years old
Registration Information
To register, visit www..sg. Sign up with another friend and both of you will get a limited-edition Cheetah Sports Academy backpack. Also, if you sign up before 1 November 2024, you will get to enjoy a 10% discount. Sign up now!
Sponsored by: Healthy Living Association
Organised by: Cheetah Sports Academy
21. Who is this camp organised for
A. Sports-loving children.
B. Primary school children.
C. Members of Cheetah Sports Academy.
D. Members of Healthy Living Association.
22. What can participants expect to do
A Organise sporting activities. B. Promote sports spirit.
C. Camp overnight. D. Gain more confidence.
23. What will you receive if you register alone on October 29, 2024
A. A reduction in the usual price. B. A pair of new sports shoes.
C. A limited-edition backpack. D. A limited-edition sports T-shirt.
B
I have now spent a week in the Amazon jungle in Brazil. The jungle is filled with many kinds of animals, birds, and fish. But chances of seeing these creatures are small, because they are easily frightened. Crocodiles, turtles, electric eels, and fish live in the Amazon River.
During a canoe ride one night, I sat quietly for almost an hour, trying to spot some of the jungle’s creatures. With a flashlight, I finally saw squirrel monkeys running along tree branches. A crocodile eyed our canoe as it moved through the water. On our return to camp, I saw a large, hairy tarantula sitting on a tree stump (树桩).
Several native tribes make their homes along the banks of the Amazon River. For most of them, their style of living has hardly changed in the past 4,000 years. I visited a village of the Yagua tribe. The people were interested in me, but cautious. The Yagua are shy people who will probably never get used to the sight of tourists.
The Yagua live on high wooden platforms covered by thatched roofs. They eat whatever the jungle supplies, including fish, bananas, and yucca plants.
The men wear grass skirts and hats. They paint red dye made from berries on their faces and necks. The women and children wear skirts of cloth and shirts of straw, but are not “made up” as the men are. The men spend the day hunting with blowguns that shoot poison darts. Meanwhile, the women and children keep the village in good order and make beads and the blowguns.
Before I left the village, the children asked me to write my name for them. They watched me with great interest as I wrote. I was sad to leave the village but grateful that the Yagua had been willing to share their lives with me.
24. Why are animals difficult to be spotted
A. They are easily scared away. B. They are active only at night.
C. They are mostly underwater. D. They are in a small number.
25. What is the Yagua people’s attitude towards the author
A. Critical. B. Careful. C. Grateful. D. Doubtful.
26. What can we know about the Yagua
A. They use modern tools for hunting. B. Their culture is influenced by tourists.
C. Their lifestyle has barely changed. D. They depend on farming for survival.
27. What is this journal about
A. The history of rainforests. B. The sights of Brazil wildlife.
C. The journey to the Yagua tribe. D. The animals in the Amazon jungle.
C
When hearing the word “genius”, many people automatically picture a person with crazy and untidy hair — someone like Albert Einstein, the famous scientist. They imagine the genius to be madly writing equations (方程式) on a whiteboard, perhaps muttering to themselves as they work. This is a popular stereotype of what a genius is like, but is it accurate What makes a person a genius
Psychological studies define a genius as being a person with an above average intelligence, and many researchers believe that an IQ (Intelligence Quotient) of above 140 indicates that a person has a high potential of genius. Research confirms that inherited (遗传的) intellectual ability does play a role in determining genius, and statistics show that genius tendencies are frequently passed down from generation to generation.
But is a person’s natural intelligence strongly linked to genius Many people who score highly on intelligence tests are not successful in everyday life, and they often do not display any above-average abilities. The 19th century British scientist, Sir Francis Galton, believed that the term “genius” could only be applied to someone who had accomplished a significant achievement. What mattered to Galton was not a person’s potential ability, but how much a person could achieve with that ability. He considered intelligence and characteristics such as enthusiasm and capacity to work hard are equally important.
Some believe that genius may almost be a type of psychosis. It is a fact that some of the world’s most celebrated intellectual geniuses display very poor social and emotional skills, and these people closely match the stereotype of the “mad scientist” genius. Others believe one can be a genius in one or two areas but not in others. They believe many people can have elements of genius — such as being a confident speaker or an excellent sportsman.
At present there is nothing agreed upon the exact meaning or explanation of genius. However, it does appear that both genetic and environmental factors contribute toward creating a genius.
28. What is the main purpose of this passage
A. To show how to produce a genius.
B. To present different definitions of genius.
C. To discuss the possible makeup of a genius.
D. To explore the mental health of geniuses.
29. What is as important to genius as intelligence according to Galton
A. High emotional intelligence. B. Significant achievements.
C. Potential for innovation. D. Passion and diligence.
30. What does the word “psychosis” in Paragraph 4 possibly mean
A. High intelligence. B. Frank personality.
C. Mental disease. D. Physical fitness.
31. What can we infer from the passage
A. The definition of genius is still under debate.
B. People with high EQ are usually successful.
C. A genius is usually confident in speaking.
D. People with poor social skills are likely to be genius.
D
Soon after ChatGPT was introduced to public in 2022, researchers tested what the artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot would write after it was asked questions with false narratives. The results were troubling. Researchers predict that generative technology like ChatGPT could make disinformation cheaper and easier to produce for an even larger number of spreaders of disinformation. Personalized, real-time chatbots could share false information in increasingly credible and persuasive ways, researchers say, smoothing out human errors like poor grammar and mistranslations and advancing beyond easily discoverable copy-paste jobs. And they say that no available strategies can effectively fight it.
Earlier versions of ChatGPT, which was created by the company OpenAI, have been used for years to fill online forums and social media platforms with comments and unwanted emails. Microsoft had to stop activity from its Tay chatbot within 24 hours of introducing it on Twitter in2016 after trolls (恶意发帖人) taught it to use racist language. ChatGPT is far more powerful, advanced and complex. Supplied with questions loaded with disinformation, it can produce convincing, clean variations on the content within seconds, without disclosing its sources. Recently, Microsoft and OpenAI introduced a new Bing search engine and web browser that can use chatbot technology to plan vacations, translate texts or conduct research.
OpenAI researchers have long been nervous about chatbots falling into hands of criminals. They voiced their concern about their chatbot’s capabilities to lower costs of disinformation campaigns and aid in the pursuit of monetary gains, particular political agendas, and/or desires to create chaos or confusion. OpenAI uses machines and humans to monitor content that is fed into and produced by ChatGPT. The company relies on both its human AI trainers and feed-back from users to identify and filter out harmful training data while teaching ChatGPT to produce better-informed responses. OpenAI’s policies prohibit use of its technology to promote dishonesty, mislead users or attempt to influence politics. The company offers a free moderation tool to handle content that promotes hate, self-harm and violence.
32. What do we know about the Tay chatbot
A. It was taken down shortly after it was released.
B. It was OpenAI’s most advanced chatbot.
C. It was introduced to compete with ChatGPT.
D. It was slow in learning new content.
33. How does ChatGPT increase the risk of disinformation
A. It reduces the effectiveness of disinformation.
B. It lowers the cost of disinformation campaigns.
C. It makes disinformation cheaper and convincing.
D. It spreads information more quickly than before.
34. What does OpenAI do to prevent the misuse of ChatGPT
A. Share data with other companies.
B. Encourage users to give feedback.
C. Monitor content and follow strict rules.
D. Review information from new users.
35. What could be the best title of this passage
A. OpenAI Bans the Misuse of Generative Technology
B. ChatGPT Crafts Misinformation in More Areas
C. Researchers Seek Solutions to Combat AI Chatbots
D. Researchers Raise Alarms About AI Chatbots
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do We Really Need Cash Anymore
Most of us don’t consider forests a source of pollution. ____36____ But a recent study in Japan shows that some plantations (种植园), especially older cedar and cypress plantations (雪松和柏树林) are causing as much pollution as a poorly managed agricultural field or urban setting. According to Masaaki Chiwa, the lead author of the study, the pollution is not the fault of the trees. ____37____ In Japan, as in other countries, natural forests usually play a significant role in maintaining water quality.
“Many Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress plantations were established in the 1950s and 1960s — 60% of those on private land,” according to Chiwa. “These are not natural forests. ____38____”
At the time of their planting there was a short supply of these trees. However, an increase in imports of other woods has affected prices of Japanese cedar and cypress and led to the decline in active plantation management. ____39____
These older plantations are now a source of non-point nitrogen pollution according to the study. “Non-point” pollution comes from a more widespread area, such as these plantations. The nitrogen is flowing from the plantations during rainfalls or snow melts into nearby bodies of water, causing algae blooms.
____40____ Just like in a natural forest, needles fall from the aging trees and accumulate on the plantation floor. This is part of Mother Nature’s way of recycling nutrients. Earthworms and soil microbes decompose the needles and return the nutrients to the soil. Younger growth nearby finishes the process and takes up the nutrients.
A. It’s the management of the plantations.
B. Sometimes such pollution is easily ignored.
C. Where does all this nitrogen come from
D. They were meant for commercial purposes.
E. The result was overcrowded land with aging trees.
F. As natural bodies, they should be good for the environment.
G. The age of the trees in these plantations means they are growing more slowly.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Bad Luck Theory
Murphy’s law states: “If anything can go wrong, it will.”
You just washed your car, and it started raining. Is this only bad luck or is it Murphy’s law at work
____41____ situations occur all the time. When you get into a line at the supermarket, you find you’ve ____42____ the slowest one, and it just doesn’t move. When you’re in a hurry to open the door and you ____43____ several keys on the key ring, the last one is usually the one that ____44____. Is it bad luck or does it happen only by chance British physicist Robert Mathews thinks it’s neither one nor the other. He explains that people tend to ____45____ the bad things more readily than the things that usually work out, and the law of probability is more against us than in our ____46____.
Mathews became a popular scientist when he proved that a piece of toast doesn’t ____47____ fall on the floor on the buttered side. According to the ____48____, half fell on the buttered side, and half didn’t.
Now here’s a ____49____ question for Dr. Mathews. It’s a known ____50____ that cats always fall on their four legs. What happens if you tie a piece of buttered toast on a cat’s ____51____ and drop it from a balcony Will the cat land on all fours, ____52____ will the toast land on the buttered side
Just remember that you cannot ____53____ Murphy’s law for everything that goes wrong. If your car breaks down on the way, it’s probably because you didn’t have it ____54____ or repaired. If the hot water runs out while you’re having a ____55____ it’s probably because the burner needs to be fixed.
41. A. General B. Strange C. Unusual D. Similar
42. A. stood B. chosen C. crossed D. drawn
43. A. try B. turn C. find D. remove
44. A. fits B. changes C. works D. suits
45. A. throw B. collect C. forget D. remember
46. A. advantage B. agreement C. favor D. support
47. A. regularly B. quickly C. necessarily D. directly
48. A. experiment B. agreement C. fiction D. prediction
49. A. tricky B. ridiculous C. familiar D. contemporary
50. A. theory B. story C. fact D. opinion
51. A. legs B. ears C. stomach D. back
52. A. and B. or C. so D. but
53. A. blame B. thank C. design D. spare
54. A. cleaned B. serviced C. started D. measured
55. A. shower B. rest C. dinner D. swim
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nature Protects China’s Great Wall
Researchers have recently found that parts of China’s Great Wall have been preserved by something called a biocrust, _____56_____ thin layer of plant life. The most famous parts of the wall were built from stone, but in some areas it was built _____57_____ (use) rammed earth with soil and rocks _____58_____ (press) together. Over time, wind and rain can _____59_____ (easy) wear down rammed earth, so scientists have often questioned _____60_____ these old sections of the Great Wall have managed to survive for such a long time.
A group of researchers from China Agricultural University examined a 370-mile long section of the wall and found that more than two thirds of it _____61_____ (cover) in biocrust. Some pieces of the plant-based layer were up to three times stronger than the rammed earth. This means that the biocrust _____62_____ (strengthen) the wall and protected it from being worn down by weather over the years.
These _____63_____ (find) could be important for people who manage ancient structures around the world. Although biocrust may not look _____64_____ (attract), its natural ability to preserve things could be a very useful tool for experts looking for ways ______65______ (protect) precious ancient buildings.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，以下是你的好友Sarah的邮件要点和你的要点备注，你打算据此给Sarah回一封电子邮件。
Sarah’s email Your notes
downtown, 7:00, Saturday evening, birthday party downtown Yes. I can.
dinner at an Italian bistro or a Chinese restaurant, the Golden Duck Say which I prefer, because…
join us in the skiing in the mountains on Sunday morning Yes, I’d like to.
any other questions Ask Sarah…
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hi, Sarah. Thanks for inviting me!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Gary, it’s the start of a long weekend. Shall we go for lunch at Southpoint Mall and then go to the arcade after school The new game that we have been waiting for was just launched!” Jason asked his best friend excitedly during recess. That had always been their plan whenever there was a long weekend. Instead of the enthusiastic reply that Jason was expecting, Gary looked away and mumbled an excuse. “I can’t. I have to look after my sickly grandmother,” Gary responded. His voice was so soft that Jason had to strain his ears to catch the words. “I see. We can go some other time then,” Jason said reassuringly, though he was puzzled. For as long as he had known Gary, Gary had never declined a visit to the arcade. Moreover, had he not been eager to play the new game
For the rest of the day, Gary stayed away from Jason in case he asked more questions. He was not ready to tell Jason the truth. He had taken on a part-time job, working at the fast-food restaurant near his home. In a way, he had not told Jason a lie when he said he had to take care of his sickly grandmother. Gary wanted to chip in to ease his family’s financial burden. Her condition required frequent visits to the hospital, and these contributed to the high medical expenses. He had decided that getting a part-time job was the best solution.
As soon as the dismissal bell rang, Gary grabbed his bag, rushed down the stairs and zoomed out of the school gates. He had to go home and get ready for his shift at the fast-food restaurant. He did not want to be late. It was only his second week on the job. Latecomers would also have their extra allowance deducted, and he could not afford that. Upon reaching home, he took a quick shower and changed into his work uniform. “I’m leaving, Mum!” Gary called out. Having kissed his grandmother goodbye, he set off.
After locking his bicycle securely, Gary entered his workplace. Many tables were already occupied. More customers were streaming in, looking for seats. He braced himself for the weekend crowds. Gary took his position behind the counter as a teenager stepped up and started rattling off his order. Gary’s fingers moved rapidly to key in the items ordered. He took great care in ensuring that they were correct. The teenager moved aside to wait for his order after making payment.
“Next order, please,” Gary said as he placed a tray in front of him.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
During the break, Gary sat down with Jason and he apologised for not explaining the situation earlier.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案版
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【21题】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Since 2010, Cheetah Sports Academy has been organising fun-filled sporting activities for primary school children.(自2010年以来，猎豹体育学院一直在为小学生组织充满乐趣的体育活动。)”可知，这个夏令营是为小学生组织的。故选B项。
【22题】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Through participating in engaging outdoor and indoor activities, your confidence, fitness and mood will improve. (通过参与户外和室内活动，你的信心、健康和情绪都会得到改善。)”可知，参与者可以期待获得更多的信心。故选D项。
【23题】
细节理解题。由Registration Information中“Also, if you sign up before 1 November 2024, you will get to enjoy a 10% discount. Sign up now!(此外，如果您在2024年11月1日之前注册，您将享受10%的折扣。立即注册！)”可知，如果您在2024年10月29日注册，您将获得通常价格的折扣。故选A项。
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C
【24题】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But chances of seeing these creatures are small, because they are easily frightened.( 但看到这些动物的机会很小，因为它们很容易受到惊吓。)”可知，动物很难被发现是因为他们很容易被吓跑。故选A项。
【25题】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“I visited a village of the Yagua tribe. The people were interested in me, but cautious.( 我参观了亚瓜部落的一个村庄。人们对我很感兴趣，但很谨慎。)”可知，亚瓜人对作者的态度是小心谨慎的。故选B项。
【26题】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For most of them, their style of living has hardly changed in the past 4,000 years.( 对于他们中的大多数人来说，他们的生活方式在过去的4000年里几乎没有改变。)”可知，关于亚瓜我们能知道他们的生活方式几乎没有改变。故选C项。
【27题】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第三段中“Several native tribes make their homes along the banks of the Amazon River. For most of them, their style of living has hardly changed in the past 4,000 years. I visited a village of the Yagua tribe.( 几个土著部落在亚马逊河沿岸定居。对于他们中的大多数人来说，他们的生活方式在过去的4000年里几乎没有改变。我参观了亚瓜部落的一个村庄。)”和下文的内容介绍可知，文章主要讲的是作者去亚马逊河旁的亚瓜部落的旅途经历。由此可推知，这本日记是关于去亚瓜部落的旅程。故选C项。
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A
【28题】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“When hearing the word “genius”, many people automatically picture a person with crazy and untidy hair—someone like Albert Einstein, the famous scientist. They imagine the genius to be madly writing equations (方程式) on a whiteboard, perhaps muttering to themselves as they work. This is a popular stereotype of what a genius is like, but is it accurate What makes a person a genius (当听到“天才”这个词时，许多人会不由自主地联想到一个头发蓬乱的人——比如著名科学家Albert Einstein。他们想象这位天才会疯狂地在白板上写方程式，也许边写边自言自语。这是对天才的普遍刻板印象，但它准确吗？是什么使一个人成为天才？)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是提出天才的不同定义。故选B。
【29题】
细节理解题。根据第三段“He considered intelligence and characteristics such as enthusiasm and capacity to work hard are equally important.(他认为智力和热情、努力、能力等特点同样重要。)”可知，根据Galton的说法，对天才来说，热情和勤奋和智力一样重要。故选D。
【30题】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“It is a fact that some of the world’s most celebrated intellectual geniuses display very poor social and emotional skills, and these people closely match the stereotype of the “mad scientist” genius.(事实上，一些世界上最著名的智力天才表现出非常糟糕的社交和情感技能，这些人非常符合“疯狂科学家”天才的刻板印象。)”可知，有些人认为天才几乎是一种精神病，划线词psychosis的意思是“精神病”，和Mental disease意思相近。故选C。
【31题】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“At present there is nothing agreed upon the exact meaning or explanation of genius.(目前，对于天才的确切含义和解释还没有达成一致意见。)”可知，天才的定义仍在争论中。故选A。
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D
【32题】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Microsoft had to stop activity from its Tay chatbot within 24 hours of introducing it on Twitter in2016 after trolls (恶意发帖人) taught it to use racist language.(2016年，微软在推特上推出Tay聊天机器人后，24小时内就停止了它的活动，因为有恶意攻击者教它使用种族主义语言)”可知，Tay聊天机器人在发布后不久就被下架了。故选A项。
【33题】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers predict that generative technology like ChatGPT could make disinformation cheaper and easier to produce for an even larger number of spreaders of disinformation.( 研究人员预测，像ChatGPT这样的生成技术可以使虚假信息更便宜，更容易为更多的虚假信息传播者生产)”可知，ChatGPT增加了虚假信息的风险，因为它使虚假信息更便宜，更有说服力。故选C项。
【34题】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“OpenAI uses machines and humans to monitor content that is fed into and produced by ChatGPT. (OpenAI使用机器和人类来监控ChatGPT输入和生成的内容)”以及“OpenAI’s policies prohibit use of its technology to promote dishonesty, mislead users or attempt to influence politics. The company offers a free moderation tool to handle content that promotes hate, self-harm and violence.(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技术来促进不诚实、误导用户或试图影响政治。该公司提供了一个免费的审核工具来处理宣扬仇恨、自残和暴力的内容)”可知，OpenAI通过监控内容并严格遵守规则来防止滥用ChatGPT。故选C项。
【35题】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“OpenAI’s policies prohibit use of its technology to promote dishonesty, mislead users or attempt to influence politics. The company offers a free moderation tool to handle content that promotes hate, self-harm and violence(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技术来促进不诚实、误导用户或试图影响政治。该公司提供了一个免费的审核工具来处理宣扬仇恨、自残和暴力的内容)”可知，文章主要讲的是研究人员对人工智能聊天机器人表示担忧，并对其提出警告。由此可知，“研究人员对人工智能聊天机器人发出警告”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。
【答案】36. F 37. A 38. D 39. E 40. C
36题】
空前“Most of us don’t consider forests a source of pollution.(我们大多数人都不认为森林是污染源。)”说明了人们不认为森林是污染源，由空后的But表转折可知，空格处仍然应该讲人们不认为森林是污染环境的，F选项“As natural bodies, they should be good for the environment.(作为自然物体，它们应该对环境有益。)”说明了人们认为森林对环境有益，也就是森林并不会污染环境，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
【37题】
空前“According to Masaaki Chiwa, the lead author of the study, the pollution is not the fault of the trees.(该研究的第一作者Masaaki Chiwa表示，污染不是树木的错。)”说明了污染不是树木的错，空格处应该说是谁的错，A选项“It’s the management of the plantations.(是种植园的管理。)”说明了污染是种植园的管理的错，承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【38题】
空前“These are not natural forests.(这些不是天然林。)”说明了这些不是天然森林，空格处应该说这些是什么，D选项“They were meant for commercial purposes.(它们是用于商业目的的。)”说明了这些是用于商业目的的，其中的They和前面的These相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【39题】
空前“However, an increase in imports of other woods has affected prices of Japanese cedar and cypress and led to the decline in active plantation management.(但是，其他木材进口的增加影响了日本雪松和柏树的价格，并导致积极的种植园管理减少。)”说明了其他木材进口的增加导致积极的种植园管理减少，空格处应该说这进一步又会导致什么结果，E选项“The result was overcrowded land with aging trees.(其结果是土地上长满了老树。)”说明了其他木材进口的增加导致种植园管理的减少之后所带来的结果是土地上长满老树，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【40题】
空前“The nitrogen is flowing from the plantations during rainfalls or snow melts into nearby bodies of water, causing algae blooms.(降雨或积雪融化时，氮从种植园流入附近的水体，导致藻类大量繁殖。)”说明了氮从种植园流入附近的水体，空后“Just like in a natural forest, needles fall from the aging trees and accumulate on the plantation floor. This is part of Mother Nature’s way of recycling nutrients. Earthworms and soil microbes decompose the needles and return the nutrients to the soil. Younger growth nearby finishes the process and takes up the nutrients.(就像在天然森林里一样，针叶从老树上掉下来，堆积在种植园的地上。这是大自然循环养分的一部分。蚯蚓和土壤微生物会分解这些针叶，并将营养物质送回土壤。附近较年轻的植物完成了这一过程，并吸收了营养。)”解释的是氮的由来，空格处应该提出问题，询问空前所提到的氮是怎么来的，C选项“Where does all this nitrogen come from (这些氮从何而来？)”发出疑问，问这些氮是从哪里来的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. C 47. C 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. A
【41题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：类似的情况一直在发生。A. General普遍的；B. Strange奇怪的；C. Unusual不寻常的；D. Similar类似的。由下文“When you get into a line at the supermarket,”和“When you’re in a hurry to open the door”举的例子以及语境可知，这里指“类似的”情况一直在发生。故选D项。
【42题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在超市排队时，你发现你选择了最慢的一队，它就是不动。A. stood站；B. chosen选择；C. crossed穿越；D. drawn画画。由上文“get into a line”以及语境可知，这里指你“选择”在最慢的一队排队。故选B项。
【43题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你急着开门，在钥匙圈上试了几把钥匙时，最后一把通常是有效的。A. try尝试；B. turn转动；C. find发现；D. remove移除。由下文“several keys on the key ring”可知，这里指你已经“尝试”了几把钥匙。故选A项。
【44题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你急着开门，在钥匙圈上试了几把钥匙时，最后一把通常是有效的。A. fits适合；B. changes变化；C. works工作，奏效；D. suits适合。由上文“the last one”可知，这里指尝试了所有钥匙才发现最后那一把“奏效”可打开门。故选C项。
【45题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，相对于通常能解决的事情来说，人们往往更轻而易举地记住坏事，概率法则更多时候是违背而不是支持我们。A. throw投掷；B. collect收集；C. forget忘记；D. remember记得。由下文“the bad things more readily”以及语境可知，这里指人们更容易“记住”坏事情。故选D项。
【46题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，相对于通常能解决的事情来说，人们往往更轻而易举地记住坏事，概率法则更多时候是违背而不是支持我们。A. advantage优势；B. agreement协议；C. favor赞成，支持；D. support支持。由上文“is more against us”以及语境可知，这里指概率法则更多反映的是违背我们而不是“支持”我们。in one's favor支持某人，为固定搭配，故选C项。
【47题】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当Mathews 证明一片烤面包不一定是涂了黄油的一面掉在地板上时，他成为了一位受欢迎的科学家。A. regularly定期地；B. quickly快速地；C. necessarily必然地；D. directly直接地。由下文“half fell on the buttered side, and half didn’t”可知，这里指涂了黄油的一面不是“必然地”会掉在地面上。故选C项。
【48题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据实验，一半情况是涂了黄油的一侧落地上，另一半情况是没有黄油的一侧落地上。A. experiment实验；B. agreement协议；C. fiction小说；D. prediction预测。由上文“Mathews became a popular scientist”以及语境可知，Mathews是科学家，这里指他用“实验”证明面包的两面掉地上的概率是一样的。故选A项。
【49题】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，Mathews 博士面临一个棘手的问题。A. tricky狡猾的，棘手的；B. ridiculous荒谬的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. contemporary当代的。由下文“Will the cat land on all fours, 12 will the toast land on the buttered side”可知，从理论上说，这是这是一个无解的问题，也算是一个“棘手”的问题。故选A项。
【50题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，猫总是四脚着地。A. theory理论；B. story故事；C. fact事实；D. opinion意见。由下文“that cats always fall on their four legs”以及语境可知，猫总是四脚着地，这是一个大家认为的“事实”。故选C项。
【51题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你把一块涂了黄油的吐司绑在猫的背上，然后从阳台上掉下来，会发生什么？A. legs腿；B. ears耳朵；C. stomach胃；D. back背。由上文“tie a piece of buttered toast on a cat’s”以及语境可知，这里指把一块涂了黄油的吐司绑在猫的“背”上然后做实验，看谁先着地。故选D项。
【52题】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：猫会四肢着地，还是烤面包涂有黄油的一面着地？A. and和；B. or或者；C. so所以；D. but但是。由上文“Will the cat land on all fours”和下文“will the toast land on the buttered side”可知，这是二选一的情况，所以这里应用并列连词or表选择。故选B项。
【53题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要记住，你不能把所有出错的事情都归咎于墨菲定律。A. blame责备，把……归咎于；B. thank感谢；C. design设计；D. spare抽出。由下文“everything that goes wrong”以及语境可知，这里指不要把所有出错的事情“归咎于”墨菲定律。故选A项。
【54题】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的车在路上坏了，可能是因为你没有保养或修理过。A. cleaned清洁；B. serviced服务，保养；C. started开始；D. measured测量。由上文“If your car breaks down on the way”可知，这里指车坏了可能是你没有“保养”好。故选B项。
【55题】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你洗澡时热水用完了，可能是因为热水器需要修理。A. shower淋浴；B. rest休息；C. dinner晚餐；D. swim游泳。由上文 “the hot water runs out ”以及语境可知，这里指在“淋浴”时突然没有了热水。故选A项。
【答案】56. a 57. using
58. pressed
59. easily 60. how
61. was covered
62. has strengthened
63. findings
64. attractive
65. to protect
【56题】
考查冠词。句意：研究人员最近发现，中国长城的一部分被一种叫做生物外壳的东西保存了下来，这是一种薄薄的植物生命层。此处layer为泛指，且thin是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【57题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最著名的部分是用石头建造的，但在一些地方，它是用夯土将土壤和压在一起的岩石建造的。此处use在句中作方式状语，表示 “使用……的方式建造”应用现在分词形式表主动。故填using。
【58题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最著名的部分是用石头建造的，但在一些地方，它是用夯土将土壤和压在一起的岩石建造的。此处press与rocks构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填pressed。
【59题】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，风雨很容易磨损夯土，所以科学家们经常质疑这些古老的长城是如何存活这么长时间的。修饰动词wear应用副词easily，故填easily。
【60题】
考查宾语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，风雨很容易磨损夯土，所以科学家们经常质疑这些古老的长城是如何存活这么长时间的。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。
【61题】
考查时态语态。句意：来自中国农业大学的一组研究人员检查了一段370英里长的长城，发现三分之二以上的长城被生物硬壳覆盖。主语more than two thirds of it与谓语构成被动关系，根据examined可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was covered。
【62题】
考查时态。句意：这意味着生物外壳加固了墙，保护它免受多年来天气的磨损。根据后文可知为现在完成时，主语为the biocrust，助动词用has。故填has strengthened。
【63题】
考查名词。句意：这些发现对世界各地管理古建筑的人来说可能很重要。作主语应用名词finding，根据上文these可知为复数。故填findings。
【64题】
考查形容词。句意：尽管生物外壳看起来并不吸引人，但它保存东西的天然能力对于寻找保护珍贵古建筑方法的专家来说可能是一个非常有用的工具。作表语，应用形容词attractive。故填attractive。
【65题】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管生物外壳看起来并不吸引人，但它保存东西的天然能力对于寻找保护珍贵古建筑方法的专家来说可能是一个非常有用的工具。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to protect。
【答案】Hi, Sarah. Thanks for inviting me! Of course I can come to your birthday party downtown this Saturday evening at 7 pm.
Regarding the dinner, I personally prefer the Italian bistro. I’ve always loved Italian food, but if we go to the Chinese restaurant, I’m sure it’ll be great too! And skiing on Sunday morning sounds exciting! Yes, I would love to join you all. It’s been a while since I last went skiing, so I’m looking forward to it.
By the way, Sarah, should I bring anything special for the skiing trip
Looking forward to celebrating with you!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【答案】范文
“Next order, please,” Gary said as he placed a tray in front of him. When he looked up, he realised that he was face to face with none other than Jason. “Gary Is that you ” Jason asked. Gary’s face flushed, as red as a beetroot. He struggled to answer. How was he to explain to Jason Eventually, he managed a small smile and asked Jason for his order again. Thankfully, Jason placed his order without making a fuss. Seeing that the restaurant was busy, Jason told Gary that they could talk during his break time. Gary nodded and said that it would be in an hour’s time. Jason would wait.
During the break, Gary sat down with Jason and he apologised for not explaining the situation earlier. He realised that he would no longer be able to live a carefree life like most of his peers and his main worry before confiding in Jason was being teased. Jason listened attentively without saying a word. When Gary finished speaking, Jason patted him on the shoulder. “You shouldn’t have kept it from me. I’m proud of you. As your friend, I understand your situation. It’s admirable that you are willing to sacrifice your free time after school to help your family,” Jason remarked. Hearing this, Gary exhaled and felt a heavy load slide off his shoulders.
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