【特色专题专训】专题十 动词的语态 2025年中考人教版英语总复习 （广东专版）（含解析）

专题十 动词的语态
【图解语法】
【考点精讲】
考向1
一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态跟一般现在时一样,有一些明显的标志词,如often、 sometimes、 every day、 always等。
突破训练
用括号中单词的适当形式填空
1.—Can you go to the movies with me tonight
—I have to ask my mum. If I　 　 (allow), I will go with you.
2.—Do we have to read anything now, Mr. Wu
—Sure. You 　 　 (expect) to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
3.A lot of trees 　 　(plant) in our city in spring every year.
4.I 　 　(allow) to go out on school nights.
5.—I want to teach in the poor countryside of Qinghai when I graduate from the college.
—Me, too.Teachers 　 　 (need) there.
【参考答案】1. am allowed　2.are expected　3.are planted
4.am allowed 　5.are needed
考向2
一般过去时的被动语态
一般过去时的被动语态和一般过去时一样,也有一些标志词,如yesterday、 last night、 last year等。
突破训练
用括号中单词的适当形式填空
1.The blender 　 　 (use) for making a banana milk shake just now.
2.These gifts 　 　 (make) by children during their last summer holiday.
3.In the big earthquake of Gansu, people 　 　(take) to the safe places by the army.
4.China Panda Train from Chengdu to Zunyi 　 　(put) to use on March 28, 2023.
【参考答案】1.was used　2.were made　3.were taken 　4.was put
考向3
一般将来时的被动语态
一般将来时的被动语态跟一般将来时一样,也有一些表示将来时间的标志词,如tomorrow、 next week、 next year、 in the future 等。
突破训练
用括号中单词的适当形式填空
1.The 23rd FIFA World Cup 　 　 (hold) in America, Canada and Mexico.
2.Some trees 　 　 (plant) by her next week.
3.The bridge 　 　 (finish) in a month.
4.That machine is broken. It 　 　 (repair) tomorrow.
5.Our plan to have a graduation ceremony 　 　 (discuss) in the next class meeting.
拓展
1.主动语态变为被动语态
(1)主动语态变为被动语态的方法
①把主动句的宾语用作被动句的主语;
②把主动句的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”的形式, 作被动句的谓语, 时态与原句保持一致;
③把主动句的主语放到介词by的后面。例如:
主动句:He has made great progress.
被动句:Great progress has been made by him.
口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓语动词变被动。
(2)主动语态中感官类系动词或使役动词后的动词不定式常省略to, 但变为被动语态时, 必须加上to。例如:
①A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. →My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
②The boss made the man do heavy work. →The man was made to do heavy work by the boss.
(3)主动句含有接双宾语的动词的句子变为被动语态时,两个宾语即间接宾语(人)和直接宾语(物)中的任何一个都可以作为被动句的主语。当指物的直接宾语在被动句中作主语时, 要在指人的宾语前加上介词to或for。例如:
①He gave me a book. →I was given a book by him. →A book was given to me by him.
②He showed me a ticket. →A ticket was shown to me by him.
③My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.
(4)当一些动词短语用于被动语态时,这些动词短语应当看作一个整体。例如:
①We can't laugh at him. →He can't be laughed at by us.
②He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.
③The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.
2.使用被动语态的情况
(1)当不知道谁是动作的执行者时,用被动语态。例如:
His bike has been stolen.他的自行车被人偷了。
(2)在没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时,用被动语态。例如:
The 2024 Winter Olympics was held in China. 2024年冬奥会是在中国举办的。
(3)强调或突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态。例如:
The plan has already been made.计划已经制订好了。
注意:用被动语态时, 如需同时指出动作的执行者, 可用“介词by+动词执行者(宾格)”这一结构。例如:
Midnight was written by Mao Dun. 《子夜》是茅盾写的。
3.不使用被动语态的情况
(1)不及物动词无被动语态。如happen、take place、begin、become、go、come等。例如:
①What will happen in 100 years 一百年后会发生什么事情呢
②The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.恐龙大约在6500万年前就消失了。
(2)有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义, 如感官类系动词look、 feel、 smell、 taste、 sound以及write、 sell等。例如:
①This pen writes well.这支笔好写。
②This new book sells well.这本新书卖得好。
(3)表示客观说明常用“It is+过去分词+that从句”的句型。这类句型有以下几个:
①It is said that... 据说……
②It is believed that... 大家相信……
③It is reported that... 据报道……
例如:
It is said that Lucy has gone abroad. 据说Lucy已经出国了。
(4)want/need/require+doing相当于want/need/require+to be done。例如:
My hair needs cutting.=My hair needs to be cut. 我需要剪头发了。
【参考答案】1.will be held　2.will be planted　3.will be finished　4.will be repaired　5.will be discussed
【随堂练习】
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.It's 　 　(report) that tea has helped the farmers in Yunnan find a way out of poverty (贫穷).
2.Many flowers 　 　(plant) in the garden in spring every year.
3.—Have you tasted dumplings, a kind of traditional Chinese food
—Sure. It's said that a lot of dumplings 　 　 (make) at the food factory twenty days ago.
4.His new novel is very popular and it 　 　(sell) out last week.
5.Mr. Green 　 　 (invite) to sing an English song at the party and he sang well.
6.A speech competition 　 　(hold) in our school last week.
7.I think all the heavy and difficult jobs 　 　 (do) by machines and robots in the future.
8.People have to get a license before they 　 　 (allow) to drive a car.
9.As we all know, the telephone 　 　 (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
10.The man did a great job in fighting against floods. He 　 　(interview) on TV and became well-known.
11.—Why have I never seen this kind of mobile phone
—Because it 　 　 (produce) last month. It's the newest type.
12.Now teenagers 　 　(encourage) to do voluntary work for their local communities.
13.Many research labs 　 　 (build) in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.
14.I don't think students should 　 　 (allow) to bring mobile phones to school.
15.Fishing　 　 (not allow) in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.
16.A lot of teenagers think that as they are older and wiser, they should 　 　 (allow) to make their own decisions.
17.The Communist Party of China's 20th National Congress(中共二十大)　 　 (hold) in autumn in 2024.
18.In old days, the poor 　 　 (make) to work for the boss for over 18 hours a day.
19.—Will you come to Selina's birthday party
—I won't come unless I 　 　 (invite).
【参考答案】
1.reported　2.are planted 　3.were made　4.was sold 　5.was invited　6.was held 　7.will be done　8.are allowed　9.was invented　10.was interviewed 　11.was produced　12.are encouraged 　13.will be built　14.be allowed　15. isn't allowed　16.be allowed　17.was held　18.were made　19.am invited
【仿真训练】
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式完成句子
1.It's a custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the meal 　 　(serve).
2.—Why was the teacher angry with Tom
—Because his homework 　 　 (not finish) on time.
3.I believe that those mountains will　 　(cover) with trees in a few years.
4.A lot of trees 　 　(plant) on the hill yesterday.
5.Tony insisted that the work should 　 　 (finish) by the middle of June.
6.—Can sixteen-year-olds drive their cars to school
—No. They shouldn't　 　(allow) to drive because they are not serious enough.
7.A talk on Chinese history will　 　(give) in the school hall next week.
8.　 　 a new library 　 　(build) in our school last year
9.Don't worry. Your package will 　 　(keep) here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here.
10.In the past few years thousands of films 　 　(produce) all over the world.
11.—Did you go to Jim's birthday party
—No, I 　 　(not invite).
12.—When should I hand in my paper
—Your paper must　 　(hand) in as soon as the bell rings.
13.If nothing 　 　(do), the pollution in this area will become worse and worse.
14.—Would you like to go to the movies with me
—I'd love to. But I 　 　 (ask) to give a speech about English study just now. I have to prepare for it.
15.—Lucy, what have you learned from this history class
—Paper 　 　 first 　 　 (invent) about 2,000 years ago in China.
二、短文填空
Dear Bob,
How is it going
An English Culture Festival will 1.　 　held in our school. All of us students hope that you can come and join us.
The activity will begin in the Lecture Hall at 14:30 this Friday and last about 3 hours. Many programs have 2.　 　 prepared by us. For example, English songs will be 3.　 　. What's more, plays will be 4.　 　 on by some students in English.
As you know, many students in our school have difficulty in learning English well. So, last year an English speech was made by our headmaster to encourage us. And this time when the performance finishes, it will be very nice if a talk can be 5.　 　 by you. And we also hope that you can provide us with some practical advice.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
一、
1.is served　2.wasn't finished　3. be covered　4.were planted　5.be finished　6.be allowed　7.be given　8.Was
built　9.be kept　10.have been produced　11.wasn't invited　12.be handed　13.is done　14.was asked
15.was　invented
二、
1.be　2.been　3.sung　4.put　5.given