【特色专题专训】专题一 冠词 2025年中考人教版英语总复习 （广东专版）（含解析）

专题一 冠词
【图解语法】
【考点精讲】
考向1
不定冠词的基本用法
用法 例词或例句
用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前 I saw a boy over there. He was sleeping.
用来指一类人或事物中的任何一个 I want to buy an English book.
表示数量,相当于one或each I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.
指某人或某物,但不具体指明是哪个人或物 A man is waiting for you at the gate.
表示类别,泛指某一类人或物 A horse is bigger than a rabbit.
表示“每一”的意思,相当于every once a week; 200 kilometres an hour
用在such、quite、rather、half、what等词之后 such a busy day; half an hour
用在某些固定搭配中 a bit; in a word; have a try
特别提醒
1.不定冠词a和an的区别
a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。判断一个单词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头,要根据其读音,而不是根据其首字母。如:a horse、an hour、an apple、a university。
2.发音为元音音素开头的字母
26个字母中发音为元音音素开头的有12个,它们分别是a、e、f、h、i、l、m、n、o、r、s、x。例如:
There is an “m” in the word “map”.
巧学妙记
1.巧记不定冠词a和an的区别:
冠词a、an两种帽,许多名词常需要;
开头读音若是元,要把an帽来戴好;
辅音起首用a帽,记住规律别乱套。
2.巧记不定冠词的用法:
不定冠词两变体,用a或an都表“一”。可数名词首次提,何人何物不具体。某类人、物任一个,有时还要表“每一”。
突破训练
用a/an填空
1.Taking High School Entrance Examination one month later than usual will be 　 　 unforgettable event for us.
2.—Cindy, I have a toothache.What should I do
—You'd better see a dentist and get 　 　 X-ray.
3.A reporter wrote 　 　 article about Tani.
4.A group of boys went out to play under a big tree on 　 　 sunny day.
5.He is 　 　famous musician.
【参考答案】1.an　2.an　3.an　4.a　5.a
考向2
定冠词的基本用法
用法 例词或例句
特指第二次提及的同一事物或谈话双方都知道的某个或某些人或事物 On the right there was a bed. And on the bed there was a toy.
用于由限制性定语所修饰的名词前,指一类人或事物中特定的人或事物 The man on the right is my father.
表示世界上独一无二的东西 the sun; the world; the Great Wall
用在单数可数名词前,表示某一类人或事物 The dog is cuter than the cat.
用在序数词及形容词或副词的最高级之前 the first floor; the tallest building
用在江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称前 the Changjiang River; the Pacific
用在姓氏的复数形式前,指一家人或一对夫妇 the Smiths; the Wangs
和某些形容词连用,表示一类人,在意义上常是复数 the old; the rich; the sick
与某些名词所有格连用时表示“在……处” at the doctor's
用在乐器前 play the guitar
用在next、last、same、only等词前 the next moment
用在某些固定搭配中 all the year round; in the end
突破训练
用恰当的冠词填空
1.　 　girl in　 　red over there is our English teacher's sister.
2.—Gina, do you like playing　 　guitar
—Yes, I do.
3.Hurry up! If we miss　 　last bus, we'll have to go home by　 　taxi.
【参考答案】1.The　/　2.the　3.the　/
考向3
不用冠词的情况
情况 例词或例句
复数名词和物质名词表示泛指时 Cats like fish, don't they
在表示职位、身份、称呼、头衔的名词前 Mr. Green; head of our province
节假日、季节、月份、星期前 National Day;summer;May; Sunday
在表示一日三餐、球类、语言、学科、棋类、游戏等名词前 have supper; play football
在与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前 by train; by bus
名词前有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格修饰时 my son; this book; Jack's bike
在某些固定搭配中 day and night; by mistake
特别提醒
1.节假日前一般不加冠词,但中国传统节日名中含有“Festival”时要加the。如:the Spring Festival。
2.一日三餐前通常不加冠词,但如果是特指或指具体的饮食,可用定冠词;有修饰词时用不定冠词。例如:
①Were you at the lunch with the English teacher
②I had a big supper just now.
3.某些短语中有无the表达的意义不同。例如:
be in hospital 住院;be in the hospital 在医院;go to school 去上学;go to the school 去学校
巧学妙记
巧记不用冠词的情况:
不用冠词有几点,名前代词这那限;星期月份和季节,专名球类及语言;复数名词表泛指,棋类学科三餐前;交通方式和节日,称呼职务与头衔;颜色电视和国名,固定搭配记心间。
突破训练
一、用恰当的冠词填空
1.Reading　 　books is good for us.
2.Let's go and take a walk after　 　lunch.
3.He is going to London by　 　sea.
二、根据短文内容,在横线上填写适当的冠词,不需要冠词的地方填写“/”
A month ago, my parents went on holiday. I stayed at home alone. The night before they got back, they phoned me to pick them up at the airport. It was ten o'clock at 1.　 　 night and I realized the house was in 2.　 　 complete mess. I hadn't cleaned it up for two weeks. I finally finished cleaning at 1:00 am and 3.　 　 few minutes later I was fast asleep. I woke up suddenly at 8:00 am. I should meet my parents at the airport at 8:30 am, but I didn't hear 4.　 　 alarm going off.
I quickly set off for the airport, which was one of 5.　 　 biggest airports in the world, and it was crowded. When I found my parents, they had spent 6.　 　 hour and a half waiting for me. They were very tired. When we got to the car, the situation became even worse. I couldn't find my key! I had lost it somewhere at the airport while looking for my parents.
My parents wanted to go home, so they called 7.　 　 taxi. I stayed to look for my key. Luckily, 8.　 　 old man had found it and sent it to the service center. Two hours later I got home. The first thing I saw was my dad repairing 9.　 　 broken window. “Had someone broken into our house ” I asked.
“No,” my dad explained. “When we got back 10.　 　 home, we realized we hadn't taken the key. I had to break a window to get in.”
【参考答案】一、1./　2./　3./
二、1./　2.a　3.a　4.the　5.the　6.an　7.a
8.an　9. a　10./
【随堂练习】
用合适的冠词(a/an/the)完成下列句子
1.There's 　 　 new schoolbag on Bill's desk.
2.Don't forget to turn left at 　 　 third crossing. I'll wait for you there.
3.My grandma used to tell me 　 　 old story before going to bed every night.
4.My red sweater is in the washing machine, so I have to choose 　 　 different one.
5.It's very surprising that the 65-year-old man has 　 　 e-mail address.
6.It is increasingly clear that 　 　 Internet is becoming more and more important.
7.What's 　 　 address of your new school, Lily I would like to visit you next month.
8.We all believe that Michael will become 　 　 important member of the society in the future.
9.　 　 Greens arrived in Beijing last week. They will leave for Shanghai this weekend.
10.There will be 　 　 talk on teenage problems tomorrow. All the students are asked to attend 　 　 talk.
11.Tomorrow Mr. Smith will leave Paris,　 　capital of　 　France, for Washington by　 　air.
12.We were having　 　lunch when they came in.
13.This is the book you gave me last week. 　 　 book is very interesting.
14.What did you do　 　last Saturday
15.March 8 is　 　Women's Day.
16.If　 　weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park.
17.I prefer playing　 　piano to playing　 　basketball.
18.At　 　age of five, he read a lot of books.
19.Tom and Lucy are of　 　 same age.
20.　 　harder we study, 　 　 more we learn.
【参考答案】
1.a　2.the　3.an　4.a　5.an　6.the　7.the　8.an
9.The　10.a　the　11. the　/　/　12./　13.The
14. /　15. /　16. the　17. the　/　18. the　19. the　20.The　the
【仿真训练】
一、完形填空
A(原创)
James was very sick. He had 　1　 bad fever with a headache and he couldn't eat or drink anything. He decided that he should go to the doctor and get some help.
He made 　2　 appointment (预约) and went to the hospital to see a doctor. 　3　doctor seemed to be very professional. He took his temperature, checked his heart rate (心率), tested his blood and asked him many questions about his personal habits and family history. However, all of 　4　 tests and questions took 　5　 lot of time.
James got a little impatient after 　6　 while. “Doctor, I don't mean to rush (催) you, but it seems like this test is taking forever. I have to get 　7　 back to work soon. Do you have any idea what's 　8　matter with me yet ” he asked.
“Well, I'm not totally sure yet. But I think that you might be 　9　 bit sick,” the doctor replied.
“A bit sick That's all I can't believe this. I'm going to go to 　10　 different hospital and see a different doctor. I need a second opinion,” James said.
“A second opinion No problem. I also think your nose is big,” the doctor replied.
( )1.A.a B.an C.the D./
( )2.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )3.A.A　 B.An　 C.The　 D./
( )4.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )5.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )6.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )7.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )8.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )9.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )10.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
B
I looked at the words on the page. I knew how to say them, but my mouth wouldn't work. It was my 　1　 first class in this new school, so nobody here knew me. My teacher just asked me to read the text aloud. 　2　 whole class was waiting for me silently. I could even hear my heartbeat.
I just sat there. Seconds passed. Some students started to laugh. “What's 　3　wrong with her ” one boy said. “Maybe she can't read at all!” said 　4　another student.
“Just open your　5　mouth and speak!” I told myself. I tried to speak the words out. But the first step was always 　6　 hardest. The teacher was waiting. More of my classmates were making 　7　fun of me. I wanted to hide under my desk. I soon felt tears running down.
I often faced situations like this, because I had a stuttering (结巴) problem. Because of this, I often felt embarrassed (尴尬的) at school.
Thankfully, I met 　8　 great teacher, Mrs. Brown. She never rushed me when I was trying to talk. She helped me to relax when I was speaking, and would always wait patiently for me to finish my sentences.
Mrs. Brown offered me 　9　most encouragement. She always let me know that my stuttering problem didn't mean I wasn't smart. She said, “Your brain is moving too fast, and your mouth just can't keep up!” Those simple words made me feel loved and encouraged.
Great changes happened to me. When I entered high school, I almost stopped stuttering. In college, I had no trouble at all. As 　10　 child, I never imagined that I would become a teacher just like Mrs. Brown, passing love and care on to my students.
( )1.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )2.A.A　 B.An　 C.The　 D./
( )3.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )4.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )5.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )6.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )7.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )8.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )9.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )10.A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
二、短文填空
　　阅读下面的短文,用冠词a、 an、the 或 / 填空。
A(原创)
Once upon 1.　 　time, 2.　 　old farmer planted a lot of rice. Every day he went to 3.　 　 field to watch the seedlings (幼苗)grow. He saw the young shoots break through 4.　 　soil and grow taller each day. But still, he thought they were growing too slowly. He got impatient with 5.　 　young plants. “How can 6.　 　 plants grow faster ” He tossed (翻来覆去) in 7.　 　 bed during the night and could not sleep. Suddenly he had 8.　 　idea. He jumped out of 9.　 　bed and ran to the field. By the moonlight, he began working on the rice seedlings. He pulled up the young plants by half an inch and was happy. But when he got up 10.　 　 next day, he found all the plants were dead. He felt so regretful.
B(2023·枣庄改编)
An old man had seven sons, and they were always quarreling (争吵). Some enemies decided to cheat them out of their property (财产) by making them quarrel about it.
1.　 　 old man, one day, called his sons around him. He laid before them seven sticks, which were tied together with 2.　 　rope (绳索). He said, “I will pay 3.　 　 hundred dollars to the one who can break the bundle (捆).”
Each of them worked hard to break the bundle. They tried many times 4.　 　 failed. They all said that it could not be done.
“And yet, my boys, ” said the father, “nothing is 5.　 　 easier to do.” He then untied the bundle, and broke 6.　 　sticks, one by one, very easily. “Ah!”said his sons. “It is easy enough to do it, so 7.　 　 anybody could do it in that way.”
Their father replied, “As it is with these sticks, so is it with you, my sons. As long as you work together and help 8.　 　each other, you will do well, and no one can hurt you. But if you quarrel and fight, it will happen to you just as it has happened to these sticks, which lie here broken on 9.　 　 ground.”
In fact, whether it is in 10.　 　 home, city, or country, people will become rich and strong when they work together and help each other.
【参考答案】
一、
A
1~5　ABCCA　6~10　ADCAA
B
1~5　DCDDD　6~10　CDACA
二、
A
1.a　2.an　3.the　4.the　5.the　6.the　7./　8.an　9.the　10.the
B
1.The　2.a　3.a　4.but　5./　6.the　7./　8./　9.the　10.a