课件37张PPT。中考常考点剖析(之二)
总的目的与要求:
在学生全面掌握初中所学知识点后; 通过典型例题,使学生把握常考点的多方位的命题角度,灵活掌握知识点具体试题中的变化.重点培养学生的应试能力.
2. 教学方法: 探讨式. 给出知识点,让学生进行总结.
3. 材料来源:
以深港题主,结合其他省,市往年中考题.
4. 教学容量: 每节课讲述15点,课前用10分钟讲述练习.
5. 作业布置: 每天配备一张练习题.
6. 教授对象: 初三 (1), (2)
7. 教学后记: 主要检查学生作业中知识点的落实问题,在下一堂课前进行评讲.1. He said that he a cold for a few days.
A. has caught B. have caught C. had had D. has got[导析]由于主句中的谓语动词是过去式said,因此,宾语从句应用过去的时态,故排除B、D。A、C都是过去完成时,但for a few days是一段时间的状语,谓语动词需用延续动词,因此,正确答案为C。2、It was raining hard so we any people in the street.
A. can see B. can hardly see
C. could hard see D. could hardly see[导析]根据主句时态was raining和语境,从句也相应使用过去时,因此排除A、B,hard作副词说明书为“艰苦地、努力地”,与本题题意不符。hardly表示“几乎不”,根据句意和语法判断D为正确答案。答案:D。典型题例解析3、The plan will take off a few time.
A. in ;minutes’s B. after;minute’s
C. in;minutes’ D. after;minutes’[导析]此题涉及介词in ,after在一般将来时中的运用及名词所有格问题。介词in在一般将来时中,其后接表“一段时间”的名词词组,意为“过多久以后”。after后面常接一个具体时间点。如:2 o’clock。另外,名词所有格是在单数名词或不以s结尾的复数名词后加’S。以s结尾的复数名词后只办“’”。综上所述,此题正确答案C。
4.The number of students in our school growing .
A. are;larger and larger B. are;more and more
C. is;larger and larger D. is;more and more[导析]此题考查两个方面的问题。(1)a number of 和the number of 的区别:a number of+可数名词的复数形式表示“许多……”,相当于a lot of 或many,其中心词是后面的名词,谓语动词的变化要与复数名词保持一致。the number of+可数名词复数形式则表示“……的数目”,中心词为number,故谓语动词要按单数进行变化,故本题先否定A、B。(2)数目的多少用large或small,而不用more。因此,正确答案为C。答案C。5.Many people watched the boys the hill at that time.
A. climb B. climbing C. to climb D. climbed[导析]由感官动词watch后 作宾补的两种形式可排除C、D;再根据at that time (那时)可知“爬山”这件事是当时正在发生的,故选B。 答案:B。
典型病句诊析
1、误:She has kept everyone of her son’s letters. 析:everyone,anyone 是不定代词只指人,后不能再接of短语,every one, any one中one既可指人也可指物,其后可接of短语。2、误:Who of you can repair a bike? 析:who一般指不定范围中的“谁”,不和of短语连用;而which 指一定范围内的“哪一个”,可和of短语连用。 正:She has kept every one of her son’s letters. 正:Which of you can repair a bike?3.误:I wonder why peoples are interested in action films. 析:people泛指“人民,人们”时,是集合名词,表示复数概念,在其前不能加冠词,也没有复数形式,但谓语动词应用复数。当people作“民族”解释时,是普通的可数名词,有单、复数形式。4、误:There are five woman teachers in our school. 析:名词作定语时,一般用单数形式,但man和woman作定语,修饰复数名词时,它本身也是变为复数形式。 正:I wonder why people are interested in action films. 正:There are five women teachers in our school.5、误:Could I have two breads, please? 正:Could I have two pieces of bread, please?析:不可数名词表示不定数时,没有复数形式,不可直接和数词连用;表示确切数量时,要通过其他可数的“数量词+of”的形式表示。如:a piece of paper(一张纸);若表示复数,只把of前的量词变为复数即可,如:two pieces of paper(两张纸)等。6、误:All of the orange are here. 正:All of the orange is here.析:all, mast, some 等不定代词,如果指代或修饰的是复数概念的词时,谓语动词用复数;若指代或修饰单数概念的词时,谓语动词用单数形式。 基本知识点练习
1、September 10 is Day.
A. teachers’ B. Teacher’s C. Teacher D. Teachers’[答案]D。本题考查以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,这类名词的所有格只在s右上角加“”即可。另外,不以s结尾的名词复数的所有格则在该名词后面加“’s”。如Women’s Day (妇女节),Children’s Day(儿童节)等,所以选D。2、 ,Li Lei was far behind the others at first.
A. At the 800-meter race B. In the 800 meters race
C. In the 800-meter race D. At the 800-meters race[答案]C。 “在……的比赛中”应用介词in,所以排除答案A、D,复合形容词中的名词一律用单数,且复合形容词之间用连字符连接,所以选C。3、Liu mei jumps farther .
A. than all the girls B. than any other girls
C. of all the girls D. than any other girl[答案]D。 此题考查形容词、副词的比较要符合逻辑的问题,当比较的人或物超过两个人,必须把主玉器排除在外,即避免自身的比较,本题中A、C都包含主语Liu Mei,不符合逻辑,应排除,B中的any other一般不跟复数名词,只有D的答案表达了任何一个其他的女孩同Liu Mei比较,符合题意,故选D。 4、You think foreign languages are more important than science, but I really can’t agree you.
A. to B. at C. for D. with[答案]D。 agree with意为“同意某人的意见或看法”;agree to意为“同意某一建议或安排”,agree on 表示“就……取得一致意见”。5、Will you please some bananas for me?
A. buy B. buys C. to buy D. buying[答案A。 will you…please?意为“请你…好吗?”表示请求某人做某事。Please后跟动词原形。6、Many people watched the boys the hill at that time.
A. climb B. climbing
C. to climb D. climbed[答案]B。 由感官动词watch后作宾补的两种形式可排除C、D;再根据at that time(那时)可知“这件事是当时正在发生的,故选B。 7、Tom fell his bike and on the ground.
A .off;lied B. from;lied C. off;lay D. from;lay[答案]C。 “从……掉下来”译作“fall off…,off含有“脱离开”的意思,而from则没有,故可排除B、D。lie意为“躲”“位于”“存在”解时,其过去式、过去分词分别为lay,lain。因此,该题的正确答案为。 8、Tom with his classmates the classroom at five yesterday afternoon.
A. clean B. cleaned C. was cleaning D. were cleaning[答案]C。 根据该题的时间状语at five yesterday after-noon可以得知,该句谓语为过去进行时态,A和B这两个答案应排除。另外,该句主语是Tom,Tom后边的with his classmates (和他的同学一起)是主语。根据主谓一致原则,该题应选C。 9、Xiao Ming in class because he didn’t sleep well last night.
A. went to bed B. went to sleep
C. got to sleep D. fell asleep[答案]D. 此题的意思是:“因为小明昨晚没睡好,所以他在课堂上睡着了。A项“上床睡觉”与在课堂上这一场合不符,予以排除。go to sleep和get to sleep的含义为(主语想)入睡;而fall asleep是“不想入睡而睡着了”或不知不觉地睡着了“。故根据此情景,答案应选D。
10、Her grandma has for three years.
A. died B. been dead C. death D. die
[答案]B。 在带一段时间的现在完成时态的肯定句或疑问句中,谓语动词必须用延续性动词。die是表示短暂动作的瞬间动词,故不能与“for+段时间”或“since+点时间”连用。dead是形容词,可用be dead构成系表结构,表示可延续的状态,故能用于带一段时间的现在完成时。death是名词,意为“死亡”。
11、He said he to school on foot every day.
A. goes B. bas gone C. went D. go[答案]C。 该题考查的是宾语从句的时态,因主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,宾语从句应用属过去范围的相应时态,故只有C是正确的。12、Our teacher often told us to sit in class.
A. straightly B. straight C. here D. there[答案]B。 C和D与本题题意不符,应排除。另外,straight即可用作形容词也可用作副词,不存在straightly这种形式,故此题正确答案为B。 13、I don’t know if she tomorrow,
if she , I’ll call you.
A. comes’comes B. will come; will come
C. will come;comes D. comes;will come[答案]C。 第一句中的if引导的从句为宾语从句,如果主句中的谓语动词为一般现在时,宾语从句中谓语动词的时态应根据需要而定,根据题意应用一般将来时will come.第二句if引导的是条件状语从句,在条件状语从句中,右主句中的谓语动词为一般将来时,从句中的谓语动词不用将来时,而用一般现在时表示将来。故此题正确答案为C。14、After a long walk,the old man be tired now.
A. can B. must C. has to D.need[答案]B。 can表示猜测时用于否定句和疑问句中,has to意为“不得不”,在此不符合题意,need当情态动词使用时,仅用否定式needn’t,故正确答案为B。 must可以表示对现在情况较有把握的推测,意为“很可能”“想必”“肯定是”等。注意:must表推测时,反意疑应句应随must后面的动词形式而变。如:
You must know the answer, don’t you?
He must be at home now, isn’t he?
15. the morning of Christmas Day, the children always get up very early and wake up their parents ______Christmas presents.
A. On; in B. On; for C. At; of D. During;up[答案]B。在特指的某一天的早上、晚上等要用介词on,在节日前也要用on(除在圣诞节at Christmas 外)。再者,表示为何种目的要用介词for。16、Don’t forget to sweep the floor after class. ?
A. do you B.don’t you C. will you D. won’t you[答案]C。以Don’t…开头的否定祈使句在构成反意疑问句时,要用will you.以动词原形开头的肯定祈使句构成反意疑问句时,即可用will you 也可用won’t you.如: Don’t make so much noise,will you? Be sere to come, will you/won’t you?17.Nobody knows do tomorrow.
A. where to B. what to C.how to D. when to[答案]B。 题干中的动词do是及物动词,在“疑问词+动词不定式”结构中,疑问词在此题中应作及物动词的宾语,故答案为B。 其余的选择会使及物动词do缺少宾语。试比较:I don’t know what to do. I don’t know how ( when)to do it.18.The worker is teaching us operate the machine.
A. how to B. how C. what to D. when[答案]A。 此题中及物动词operate之后已接宾语the machine,因此,在“疑问词+动词定式”结构中,疑问词不能再充当及物动词operate的宾语,故应排除what to,此题应选A。
19、There are stars in the sky, but some of them are too far to be seen.
A. thousands B. thousand of
C. thousands of D. several thousands
[答案]C。在英语中,常用hundreds of, thousands of, millions of +复数名词,分别表示“数以百计”成千上万“千千万万”等不确定数目的概念,形容“很多”。这种情况下前面不用基数词修饰,例如:不能说two thousands of, 但可说many thousands of。但是,当一个表示确切数目的数词作名词的定语时,该数词应直接修饰名词,数词后不能加s,也不跟of短语。如:two thousand students。因此,根据题意,应选C。 20、There are so many buildings on side of the road.
A. all B. both C. either D. every[答案]C。 all和every均含“三者”之意。both后面须用复数名词。either表示“(两者中)任何一个”,其后用名词单数。此外,either还有一个重要用法,表示“也不”,用于否定句末。如:
She hasn’t been to Shanghai, I haven’t,either.
They don’t like same colour, either.21、The PRC was October 1, 1949.
A. founded in B. found on
C. founded on D. found in[答案]C。 该句意为“中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日”。found 有两个意思,可理解为find(发现)的过去式或过去分词;也可理解为found(成立,建立)的原形,其过去式,过去分词都是founded.。另外,具体的日期前要用介词on。故正确答案为C。 22、 of land is covered by forest.
A. Many B. One third C . A few D. Two third[答案]B。 land为不可数名词,因此排除A和C。三分之一的写法是a(或one)third,三分之二的写法是two thirds。显而易见正确答案为B。
23.The number of students in our school growing .
A. are; larger and larger B. are;more and more
C. is;larger and larger D. is;more and more[答案]C。 此题考查两个方面的问题。
(1)a number of 和the number of 的区别:
a number of+可数名词的复数形式表示“许多…”,相当于a lot of 或many,其中心词是后面的名词,谓语动词的变化要与复数名词保持一致。
(2) the number of +可数名词复数形式则表示“…的数目”,中心词为number,故谓语动词要按单进行变化,故本题选否定A、B。再者数目的多少用large或small,而不用more。因此,正确答案为C。
24、The population in China is the of all the countries in the world.
A. most B. biggest C. largest D. highest
[答案]C。 形容数量的巨大和人口的众多,一般用形容词large。而most是形容个体多;big指某一事物空间规模的大小;high是形容动作的高低或大型建筑、山脉等的高低。因此,正确答案为C。此外,还需注意对人口多少提问时要用what 而不用how much。如:What was the population in China at the end of the twentieth century?
25.Two days is enough for me to finish the work,
I need day.
A. other B. the third C. the other D. a third[答案]D。 此题主要考查序词前不定冠词表示“再、又…”的用法。一般情况下,序数词前须用the,特指第几个事物或人,而当序数词前用不定冠词口a/an时,则表示在原有基础上,又增加一个(件、天)等。根据题意,我需要在已有两天时间的基础上,再增加一天,故应D。26、The plane will take off a few time.
A. in; minutes’s B. after; minute’s
C. in; minutes’ D. after; minutes’[答案]此题涉及到介词in,after在一般将来时中的运用及名词甩的格的问题。介词in在一般将来时中,其后接表“段时间”的名词词组。意为“过多久以后”。after后面常接一个具体时间点。如:2 o’clock.
另外,名词所有格是在单数名词或不以s结尾的复数名词后加’s。以s结尾的复数名词后只加“’”。综上所述,此题正确答案为C。27. --- Who is on the team , Lucy or Ann ?
--- is on the team.
A. None of them B. Both of them
C. Neither of them D. All of them
[答案]C。 none和all用来表示三者或三者以上,在此不符合题意,both后面be动词用are。Neither表示“两者都不”,其后动词用单精选is,因此,正确答案为C。 28、It was raining hard so we any people in the street.
A. can see B. can hardly see
C. could hard see D. could hardly see[答案]D。 根据主句时态was raining和语境,从句也相应使用过去时,因此排除A、B,hard作副词意为“艰苦地,努力地”,与本题意不符。Hardly表示“几乎不”,根据句意和语法判断D为正确答案。29、He said that he a cold for a few days.
A. had caught B. have caught C. had had D. has got[答案]C。由于主句中的谓语动词是过去式said,因此,宾语从句应用过去的时态,故排除B、D。A、C都是过去完成时,但for a few days 是一段时间的状语,谓语动词需用延续动词,因此,正确答案为C。 30、Could you tell me ?
A. how I can get to the post office
B. how can I get to the post office
C. how could I get to the post office
D. how I could get to the post office[答案]A。答案是A。Could you…?在这里不是表示过去时态,而是表示客气的请求。另外宾语从句要用陈述语序。 热点语法练习
1、—We never know he is.
—They say he is a doctor.
A. whom B. what C. which D. where[答案]考查特殊问词的用法。Whom 是who的宾格,对人提问,what 对物或职业提问;which表示选择;where对地点提问。由答句中a doctor可以判断出答案是B。 2、My car was broken and I didn’t know to do.
A. what B. which C. when D. how[答案]考查带疑问词的不定式。在动词know,decide等动词后可以跟带疑问词的不定式作宾语。当不定式后有宾语时用疑问题how,无宾语时用疑问词what。答案是A。 3、Mike had nothing for breakfast, ?
A. does he B. did he C. didn’t he D. had he[答案]反意疑问句的构成是:前句肯定,后句否定;前句否定,后句肯定。当陈述句中有no, not,few, little,never, hardly等词时,疑问部分用肯定形式。本句中had不表示“有”,因此答案是B。 4、“She didn’t come to school yesterday,did she?”
“ , because she was not feeling very well.”
A. No she didn’t B. Yes, the didn’t
C. No, she did D. Yes, she did[答案]本题考查反意疑问句的答语。前否定后肯定的反意疑问句的答语一定要和事实保持一致。若事实是肯定的就用yes,译为“不”;若事实是否定的就用no,译为“是的”。本句中“她昨天没去上学”属实,因此答案是A.5、 useful work they have done!
A. What B. How C. What a D. What an[答案]感叹句有两种形式:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!;What+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!本句中work为不可数名词,前面不加冠词。答案是A。6、 Chinese in your English class.
A. Not speak B. Don’t speak
C. Speak not D. Don’t speaking[答案]祈使句的否定形式是在动词原形前面加Don’t。答案是B。 7、Our house is small, it’s quite warm and clean.
A. and B. so C. or D. but[答案]本题考查并列连词的用法。根据句意应选择连词but表示转折。答案是D。 8、He asked me during the winter holidays.
A. where I had gone B. where I had been
C. where had I gone D. where had I been[答案]本题考查宾语从句和have been to与have gone to的用法。宾语从句中使用陈述语序,因此可以排除C、D两项。Have been to表示“去过某地”;而have gone to 则表示“去某地,目前还未回来”。答案是B。9、I’ll meet him at the station when he .
A. will return B. return C. returns D. returned[答案]本题考查条件状语从句的用法。在含有时间和条件状语从句的复合句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句通常有用一般现在时。答案是C。 10、The white building two years ago,
but it looks quite old now.
A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds [答案]考查一般过去时被动语态的用法。本句中的主语是动作的承受者,应用被动语态。由two years ago可知,此处应用过去时的被动语态,即was/were+过去分词形式。答案是B。 11、—I watched the TV programme last night . — .
A. So I do B. So I did C. So did I D. So do I [答案]“So+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”表示“……也怎样”,“So+主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词”表示强调,意为“的确如此”。注意这两种结构中的助动词/情态词/系动词要与上一句的时态保持一致。根据句意应选C。 12、There a table with three legs in Jenny’s room.
A. is B. are C. has D. have [答案]考查There be 句型及主谓一致。There be 句型的主语在be后面,动词be在人称和数上应与其保择一致。“名词+with短语”作主语,谓语动词应与该名词的数保持一致答案是A。