人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture 重点单词变形，语法，短语，句型练习（含答案）
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Unit 3 Food and Culture
重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习
重点单词变形
1. consist vi. 组成→_______________ adj. 一致的; 连续的
2. consume vt. 消费; 消耗→_______________ n. 消费者→ _______________ n. 消耗
3. elegant adj. 优雅的 →_______________ n. 优雅
4. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的 →_______________ n. 优先权
5. stable adj. 稳定的; 稳重的 →_______________ n. 稳定性
6. except prep. 除了 →_______________ adj. 特别的; 罕见的
7. minimum adj最小的; 最低(限度)的 n. 最小值 →_______________ v. 最小化
8. associate v. 联系; 联想→_______________ n. 关联; 协会
9. moderate adj. 适度的; 合理的→_______________ n. 适度; 合理
核心短语
1. _______________ 在……之前的
2. _______________ 由……组成(或构成)
3. _______________ 切下
4. _______________ 不管; 不顾
5. _______________ 把……联系起来
6. _______________ 查阅; 涉及; 指的是
7. _______________ 向某人推荐某物
8. _______________ 用……把某物填满
9. _______________ 组成; 编造; 化妆; 弥补
10. _______________ 大量
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．Canada is a country consisting many different races as well as one with foreign immigrants making the majority of its population.
2．When Karina saw it, she hugged it tightly with tears (fill) her eyes.
3． (delight) to know you have a passion for painting, I would like to invite you to join us.
4．The gourmet burger is composed a juicy patty, caramelized onions, and a brioche bun.
5．Tables reserved for large groups are set up prior smaller parties.
6．Many people are unaware of how much food and drink they (consumption) every day.
7．I like Mr Miner’s speech;it was clear and the point.
8．Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with (slice) Chinese green onions.
9．The company has shown (exception) growth over the past two years.
10．He is one of the top （chef） in China.
11．Information overload, commonly referred to as “infobesity”, involves (consume) an unhealthy amount of information.
12．An apple tart (甜馅饼) is stuffed the sweet, ripe fruit.
13．After the hurricane, Mary saw that the roof of her house (disappear).
14．He told me that the injured man (send) to the hospital half an hour before.
15．John always devotes his time to helping children with their studies rather than (play) computer games.
16．The man insisted on (order) a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
17．Tricksters might try to trick you revealing sensitive information.
18．The bakery produces bread quantity to ensure a fresh supply throughout the day.
19．Large (quantity) of wine are available for events and private functions.
20． spite of the long wait, the food was worth it once it arrived.
21．Regardless the occasion, the restaurant provides a welcoming atmosphere.
22．The festival is associated a celebration of local produce and artisanal foods.
23．They believed that the greater the diversity the (stable) the ecosystem.
24．He won’t have the children playing (trick) on the old man.
25．A large quantity of beer (sell) out in the supermarket so far.
26．My （associate）with him goes back to our days in high school.
27． regard to the discussion about immigration, I’d like to hear Ms Masolo’s opinion.
28．Living on my own is a (total) different experience for three main reasons: being more responsible, more (decide) and more creative.
29．Making the (decide) concerning the bright future is probably an important thing we will ever do in our lives.
30．It’s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives, but what we do （consistent）.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Pre-made dishes, also known as precooked food, have been gaining increasing 31 (popular) in recent year. These are meals that are partially or fully prepared in a factory or commercial kitchen before being sold to consumers.
One of the main 32 (advantage) of pre-made dishes is convenience (方便). People with busy lifestyles prefer to buy them instead of cooking from scratch. Pre-made dishes can 33 (place) in the refrigerator and heated up quickly when needed.
The variety of pre-made dishes is also increasing. There are different dishes 34 can satisfy different tastes. For example, you can find Italian-style pasta dishes, Chinese stir-fries and American-style burgers.
35 , there are also some concerns. Some pre-made dishes are high 36 salt and fat. The long-term consumption may lead to health problems. In addition, some pre made dishes contain additives (添加剂). Although these additives are used 37 (keep) the food fresh, they may cause concerns among consumers. Some pre-made dishes lack the freshness of home cooked meals. When 38 (cook)at home, we can choose fresh ingredients. But for pre made dishes, we don’t know 39 (exact) how long the ingredients have been stored.
In conclusion, pre made dishes are convenient but have some problems that we should consider. We should make 40 wise choice according to our own needs.
二、单词拼写
41．She had (说服) herself that life was not worth living.
42．The company hugged itself to think how easily it had (得到) that area of land.
43．I got a call from a friend whom I hadn’t (联系) for a long time.
44．The group had been carefully (选拔) for the study because of their lifestyles.
45．He is said to be in a (稳定的) condition in hospital.
46．Baoji Senior School is extremely large, (组成) of over 80 classes.
47．Patricia looked as beautiful and (优雅的) as I saw her ten years ago.
48．By 1909, Picasso had (建立、确立) himself as a painter of great talent in Paris.
49．The electricity industry used to (消耗) large amounts of fossil fuels.
50．He (割破) his fingers by accident when cutting vegetables. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
51．Tu Youyou researched hundreds of traditional connected to anti-malarial cures. (处方；秘诀)
52．Workers are struggling for a clean (餐厅) and healthy food.
53．With your diligence and concentration, you are bound to succeed in entering an (理想的) university.
54．Shannon was a nice girl but (稍微，有点儿) overweight and didn’t talk much.
55．Within minutes, the kitchen had been (恢复) to its former tidiness.
56．They firmly believe that color is (基本的) in home design.
57．She was known to have an even (脾气) and to be difficult to be angry.
58．Her country is famous for the delicious (菜肴)．
59．Assuming we are to buy in (数量), we hope you will consider offering a discount on your list price.
60．He is determined to become a professional (厨师).
三、选词填空
hand in hand, be stuffed with, consist of, a case in point, be related to, at a minimum, prior to, junk food, slice off, refer to
61．It’s studied that the high crime rate high unemployment.
62．This term, the chemistry club five classes of students.
63．The chef some meat and cut it into small pieces.
64．People often use the phrase “like father, like son” to family resemblance.
65．Lack of communication causes serious problems and their marriage is .
66．To my surprise, his rooms antiques and priceless treasures.
67． , this provides consumers with the information they need.
68．If a person places money anything else, it’s very likely that he could not enjoy the happiness in life.
69．The two children are very close, and I often see them walking around the playground after class.
70．They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more later in their trip.
参考答案：
拓展单词
1. consist vi. 组成→consistent adj. 一致的; 连续的
2. consume vt. 消费; 消耗→consumer n. 消费者→ consumption n. 消耗
3. elegant adj. 优雅的 →elegance n. 优雅
4. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的 →priority n. 优先权
5. stable adj. 稳定的; 稳重的 →stability n. 稳定性
6. except prep. 除了 →exceptional adj. 特别的; 罕见的
7. minimum adj最小的; 最低(限度)的 n. 最小值 →minimize v. 最小化
8. associate v. 联系; 联想→association n. 关联; 协会
9. moderate adj. 适度的; 合理的→moderation n. 适度; 合理
核心短语
1. prior to 在……之前的
2. consist of 由……组成(或构成)
3. slice. . . off 切下
4. regardless of 不管; 不顾
5. relate. . . to 把……联系起来
6. refer to 查阅; 涉及; 指的是
7. recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物
8. stuff sth. with. . . 用……把某物填满
9. make up 组成; 编造; 化妆; 弥补
10. quantities of 大量
1． of up
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：加拿大是一个由许多不同种族组成的国家，也是一个以外国移民占多数人口的国家。第一空为固定短语consist of意为“由……组成”符合句意，所以第一空为介词of；第二空为固定短语make up意为“构成”符合句意，所以第二空为up。故填①of②up。
2．filling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“充满”应用fill，with+宾语+宾语补足语为固定用法，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，tears和fill为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填filling。
3．Delighted
【详解】考查形容词。句意：很高兴知道你对绘画有热情，我想邀请你加入我们。delight在此处应使用形容词形式delighted，修饰人，表示“感到高兴的”，作状语。首字母大写。故填Delighted。
4．of
【详解】考查介词。句意：这款美食汉堡由多汁的肉饼、焦糖洋葱和奶油面包组成。be composed of“由……组成”是固定搭配。故填of。
5．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：为大型团体预留的桌子在为较小团体准备之前就已经布置好了。“prior to”是固定短语，表示“在……之前”。故填 to。
6．consume
【详解】考查动词。句意：许多人不知道他们每天消耗了多少食物和饮料。设空处为从句谓语，应用consumption的动词consume，根据every day可知为一般现在时，主语they，谓语为复数形式，故填consume。
7．to
【详解】考查固定短语和介词。句意：我喜欢迈纳先生的演讲，他讲得清楚扼要。结合句意可知，表示“扼要”为固定短语to the point，to是介词。故填to.
8．sliced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，我了解到山东最有名的食物是大葱馅的煎饼卷。that引导的宾语从句系动词为is，此处应用非谓语动词，且Chinese green onions与slice“切，把……切成(薄)片”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语，修饰名词Chinese green onions。故填sliced。
9．exceptional
【详解】考查形容词。句意：该公司在过去两年中表现出了非凡的成长。分析句子可知，空处是修饰growth的定语，exception的形容词形式exceptional符合题意，意为“非凡的，卓越的”。故填exceptional。
10．chefs
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他是中国的顶级厨师之一。one of + 复数名词。根据句意，故填chefs。
11．consuming
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：信息过载，通常被称为“信息肥胖症”，包含消耗不健康的信息量。involve doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“包含做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式consuming作宾语。故填consuming。
12．with
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：苹果馅饼里塞满了甜甜的、熟透了的果子。be stuffed with为固定短语，意为“塞满了”。故填with。
13．had disappeared
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：飓风过后，玛丽发现她家的屋顶不见了。that引导宾语从句，saw表示主句为一般过去时，从句的事情表示过去的过去已经完成，用过去完成时。故填had disappeared。
14．had been sent
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他告诉我受伤的人半小时前就被送往医院了。空处是that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词，根据句意和主句谓语动词told可知，send发生在told之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时态，从句主语“the injured man”和“send”之间是被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been sent。
15．playing
【详解】考查动名词。句意：约翰总是把时间花在帮助孩子们学习上，而不是玩电脑游戏。devote one’s time to doing sth.是固定短语，意为“把时间花在……上”，因此空格处在rather than后应用动名词playing，与helping一致。故填playing。
16．ordering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管我告诉他我住在附近，那人还是坚持要为我叫一辆出租车。短语insist on doing意为“坚持要做某事”，空处应用order“订购”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填ordering。
17．into
【详解】考查介词。句意：骗子可能会试图诱骗你泄露敏感信息。trick sb into为固定搭配，意为“哄骗某人”。故填into。
18．in
【详解】考查介词。句意：面包店大量生产面包，以确保全天新鲜供应。in quantity为固定搭配，意为“大量地”。故填in。
19．quantities
【详解】考查名词和固定短语。句意：大量葡萄酒可用于各种活动和私人聚会。本题考查固定短语：large quantities of，意为“大量的”，可修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数形式，谓语动词一律用复数形式。根据句中谓语动词are ，可知此处填quantity的复数形式quantities。故填quantities。
20．In
【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管等待时间很长，但食物一到就觉得值得了。此处表示“尽管”，应使用介词短语in spite of，表示“尽管……”，句首单词首字母大写，故填In。
21．of
【详解】考查介词。句意：无论在什么场合，餐厅都提供了一个温馨的氛围。regardless of为固定搭配，意为“不管，无论”。故填of。
22．with
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个节日与庆祝当地农产品和手工食品有关。be associated with为固定搭配，意为“与……有关”。故填with。
23．more stable
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们认为生物多样性越大，生态系统就越稳定。“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”为固定句型，意为“越……，就越……”，空处需填形容词比较级more stable。故填more stable。
24．tricks
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他不会让孩子们捉弄老人的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词的复数形式，作宾语，表示泛指。play tricks on sb为固定短语，意为“捉弄某人”。故填tricks。
25．has been sold
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，超市里的大量啤酒已经卖光了。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文so far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语为A large quantity of beer，助动词用has。故填has been sold。
26．association
【详解】考查名词。句意：我和他的关系要追溯到高中时代。分析句子结构可知，形容词性物主代词my后接名词association（关系；交往）在句中作主语，抽象概念，不可数。故填association。
27．In/With
【详解】考查介词。句意：有关移民方面的讨论，我想听听马索洛女士的意见。表示“关于”短语为in/with regard to，首字母大写。故填In/With。
28． totally decisive
【详解】考查副词和形容词。句意：独自生活是一种完全不同的体验，主要有三个原因：更有责任感，更果断，更有创造力。第一空为副词作状语修饰形容词different，total的副词为totally意为“完全地”符合句意；第二空为形容词作表语与responsible和creative并列，decide的形容词为decisive意为“果断的”符合句意。故填①totally②decisive。
29．decision
【详解】考查名词。句意：做出关于美好未来的决定可能是我们一生中要做的一件重要的事情。此处为名词作宾语，decide的名词为decision意为“决定”，make the decision意为“做出决定”。故填decision。
30．consistently
【详解】考查副词。句意：并不是我们偶尔做的事情塑造了我们的生活，而是我们一贯所做的事情。修饰动词do应用副词形式。故填consistently。
31．popularity 32．advantages 33．be placed 34．which/that 35．However 36．in 37．to keep 38．cooking 39．exactly 40．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了预制菜的优缺点。
31．考查名词。句意：预制菜，也被称为预煮食品，近年来越来越受欢迎。根据空格前的动词gaining可知，空格处应该用名词popularity作宾语。故填popularity。
32．考查名词复数。句意：预制菜的主要优点之一是方便。根据空格前的one of the可知，空格处应该用名词复数形式advantages。故填advantages。
33．考查被动语态。句意：预先做好的菜可以放在冰箱里，需要时可以快速加热。动词place与句子的主语pre-made dishes之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，空格前有can，空格处用动词原形。故填be placed。
34．考查定语从句。句意：有不同的菜可以满足不同的口味。空格处引导限制性定语从句，对先行词dishes进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
35．考查副词。句意：然而，也有一些担忧。上文的内容是说预制菜的优点，而空格后的内容是说人们担忧和预制菜的缺点，所以上下文是转折关系，空格处应该用表示转折的副词however。故填However。
36．考查介词。句意：一些预先做好的菜是高盐和高脂肪的。be high in“富含......”是固定搭配。故填in。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然这些添加剂是用来保持食物新鲜的，但它们可能会引起消费者的担忧。be used to do“被用于做……”是固定搭配。故填to keep。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：在家做饭时，我们可以选择新鲜的食材。根据空格前的when可知，此处考查状语从句的省略，when引导的完整从句是when we are cooking at home，符合状语从句省略的条件，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填cooking。
39．考查副词。句意：但对于预制的菜肴，我们不知道原料储存了多长时间。修饰空格前的动词know，应该用副词exactly作状语。故填exactly。
40．考查冠词。句意：我们应该根据自己的需要做出明智的选择。根据空格后的单数名词choice可知，空格处应该用不定冠词，wise的发音是辅音音素开头，应该用a。故填a。
41．persuaded
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：她已说服自己，生活不值得过下去。空格处与前文had构成本句谓语，为过去完成时，故空格处应为过去分词；再根据汉语提示“说服”可知，此处应填过去分词persuaded。故填persuaded。
42．acquired
【详解】考查动词。句意：该公司一想到自己轻而易举地获得了那块地，就暗自庆幸。“得到”是acquire，由had可知，时态是过去完成时，因此空格处用过去分词，故填acquired。
43．contacted
【详解】考查动词。句意：我接到了一个很久没有联系的朋友的电话。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填动词contact“联系”，空处作whom引导的定语从句的谓语动词，结合空格前的助动词hadn’t，可知填入过去分词构成过去完成时。故填contacted。
44．selected
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这组人是根据他们的生活方式精心挑选出来进行研究的。“选拔”是select，这组人是被选拔，句子用被动语态，由had been可知，句子用过去完成时的被动语态，因此空格处用过去分词，故填selected。
45．stable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：据说他在医院的情况稳定。空格后是名词，所以应该用形容词。故答案为stable.
46．consisting
【详解】考查动词。句意：宝鸡中学规模非常大，由80多个班级组成。consist of意为“由……组成”。本句的谓语是is，consist和Baoji Senior School之间是主谓关系，此处是现在分词作伴随状态。故答案为consisting。
47．elegant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：Patricia看起来和十年前我见到她时一样美丽、优雅。空格处用形容词作表语，“优雅的”的形容词是elegant，故填elegant。
48．established
【详解】考查动词。句意：到1909年，毕加索已成为巴黎一位才华横溢的画家。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词established“建立、确立”，由时间状语By 1909和had可知，句子应为过去完成时，空处应填动词的过去分词形式。故填established。
49．consume
【详解】考查动词。句意：电力工业过去消耗大量的化石燃料。根据汉语提示可知应用动词consume，且上文为短语used to do sth.。故填consume。
50．sliced
【详解】考查动词。句意：他切菜时不小心割破了手指。根据汉语提示可知，slice“割破”，动词，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填sliced。
51．recipes
【详解】考查名词。句意：屠呦呦研究了数百种与抗疟疾疗法有关的传统配方。表示“处方；秘诀”用recipe，结合hundreds of可知，名词用复数。故填recipes。
52．canteen
【详解】考查名词。句意：工人们正在为打造一个干净的餐厅和提供健康的食品而努力。表示“餐厅”应用名词canteen作宾语，不定冠词a表明用单数，故填canteen。
53．ideal
【详解】考查形容词。句意：以你的勤奋和专注，你一定能成功地进入一所理想的大学。根据汉语提示“理想的”可知，此处使用形容词ideal，作定语，修饰名词university。故填ideal。
54．somewhat
【详解】考查副词。句意：Shannon是个好女孩，但有点超重，也不怎么说话。根据汉语提示可知，somewhat“稍微，有点儿”，副词，修饰形容词“overweight”，故填somewhat。
55．restored
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：数分钟之内，厨房已经恢复到以前的整洁。根据句意和汉语提示，应填restore“恢复”作谓语，与主语kitchen是被动关系，空前有had been，故用过去完成时的被动语态，故填restored。
56．fundamental
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们坚信色彩是家居设计的基础。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词fundamental，作表语。故填fundamental。
57．temper
【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，她脾气平和，很难生气。根据汉语提示“脾气”，以及句子结构可知，此处缺少名词用作动词have的temper充当宾语，根据前面有不定冠词an限定， 应使用单数形式。故填temper。
58．cuisine
【详解】考查名词。句意：她的国家以美味的菜肴而闻名。根据汉语提示可知应用名词cuisine，作宾语。故填cuisine。
59．quantity
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我方大量购买，希望贵方能考虑在价目表上给予折扣。“数量”是quantity，in quantity是固定短语，意为“大量地，大批地”，因此空格处是quantity。故填quantity。
60．chef
【详解】考查名词。句意：他决心成为一名职业厨师。“厨师”是chef，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填chef。
61．is related to 62．consists of 63．sliced off 64．refer to 65．a case in point 66．were stuffed with 67．At a minimum 68．prior to 69．hand in hand 70．junk food
【解析】61．考查短语和时态。句意：据研究，高犯罪率与高失业率有关。“和……有关”是be related to，描述事实用一般现在时，主语 the high crime rate是第三单数，故填is related to 。
62．考查短语和时态。句意：这学期，化学俱乐部由五个班的学生组成。“由……组成”用consist of，描述这学期的事情用一般现在时，主语是club，谓语动词用单数。故填consists of。
63．考查短语和时态。句意：厨师切下一些肉并切成小块。“切下”用slice off表示，根据cut可知，用一般过去时。故填sliced off。
64．考查短语和非谓语动词。句意：人们常说“有其父必有其子”指的是家族相似性。“指的是”是refer to,动词不定式后用动词原形。故填refer to。
65．考查短语。句意：缺乏交流导致了严重的问题，他们的婚姻就是一个很好的例子。表示一个例子用短语a case in point，故填a case in point。
66．考查短语和时态。句意：令我惊讶的是，他的房间里塞满了古董和无价之宝。“挤满”是be stuffed with，主语rooms是复数名词，谓语也用复数，描述过去的事情用一般过去时。故填were stuffed with。
67．考查介词短语。句意：至少，这为消费者提供了他们需要的信息。根据“this provides consumers with the information they need.”可知，这至少为消费者提供了重要信息。“至少”是at a minimum,故填At a minimum。
68．考查短语。句意：如果一个人把金钱放在其他任何事情之前，他很可能无法享受生活中的幸福。根据“he could not enjoy the happiness in life.”可知，人优先考虑金钱不会快乐。“优先”是prior to，故填prior to。
69．考查短语。句意：这两个孩子关系很好，下课后我经常看到他们手牵着手在操场上散步。根据“The two children are very close,and I often see them walking”可知，两人关系好经常手拉手散步。“手拉手”是hand in hand，故填hand in hand。
70．考查名词。句意：他们知道，先买健康食品的顾客会感到高兴，这样他们就会在以后的旅行中买更多的垃圾食品。对比前面的healthy food，可知后面是会买垃圾食品。junk food表示“垃圾食品”。故填junk food。
重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习
重点单词变形
1. consist vi. 组成→_______________ adj. 一致的; 连续的
2. consume vt. 消费; 消耗→_______________ n. 消费者→ _______________ n. 消耗
3. elegant adj. 优雅的 →_______________ n. 优雅
4. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的 →_______________ n. 优先权
5. stable adj. 稳定的; 稳重的 →_______________ n. 稳定性
6. except prep. 除了 →_______________ adj. 特别的; 罕见的
7. minimum adj最小的; 最低(限度)的 n. 最小值 →_______________ v. 最小化
8. associate v. 联系; 联想→_______________ n. 关联; 协会
9. moderate adj. 适度的; 合理的→_______________ n. 适度; 合理
核心短语
1. _______________ 在……之前的
2. _______________ 由……组成(或构成)
3. _______________ 切下
4. _______________ 不管; 不顾
5. _______________ 把……联系起来
6. _______________ 查阅; 涉及; 指的是
7. _______________ 向某人推荐某物
8. _______________ 用……把某物填满
9. _______________ 组成; 编造; 化妆; 弥补
10. _______________ 大量
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．Canada is a country consisting many different races as well as one with foreign immigrants making the majority of its population.
2．When Karina saw it, she hugged it tightly with tears (fill) her eyes.
3． (delight) to know you have a passion for painting, I would like to invite you to join us.
4．The gourmet burger is composed a juicy patty, caramelized onions, and a brioche bun.
5．Tables reserved for large groups are set up prior smaller parties.
6．Many people are unaware of how much food and drink they (consumption) every day.
7．I like Mr Miner’s speech;it was clear and the point.
8．Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with (slice) Chinese green onions.
9．The company has shown (exception) growth over the past two years.
10．He is one of the top （chef） in China.
11．Information overload, commonly referred to as “infobesity”, involves (consume) an unhealthy amount of information.
12．An apple tart (甜馅饼) is stuffed the sweet, ripe fruit.
13．After the hurricane, Mary saw that the roof of her house (disappear).
14．He told me that the injured man (send) to the hospital half an hour before.
15．John always devotes his time to helping children with their studies rather than (play) computer games.
16．The man insisted on (order) a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
17．Tricksters might try to trick you revealing sensitive information.
18．The bakery produces bread quantity to ensure a fresh supply throughout the day.
19．Large (quantity) of wine are available for events and private functions.
20． spite of the long wait, the food was worth it once it arrived.
21．Regardless the occasion, the restaurant provides a welcoming atmosphere.
22．The festival is associated a celebration of local produce and artisanal foods.
23．They believed that the greater the diversity the (stable) the ecosystem.
24．He won’t have the children playing (trick) on the old man.
25．A large quantity of beer (sell) out in the supermarket so far.
26．My （associate）with him goes back to our days in high school.
27． regard to the discussion about immigration, I’d like to hear Ms Masolo’s opinion.
28．Living on my own is a (total) different experience for three main reasons: being more responsible, more (decide) and more creative.
29．Making the (decide) concerning the bright future is probably an important thing we will ever do in our lives.
30．It’s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives, but what we do （consistent）.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Pre-made dishes, also known as precooked food, have been gaining increasing 31 (popular) in recent year. These are meals that are partially or fully prepared in a factory or commercial kitchen before being sold to consumers.
One of the main 32 (advantage) of pre-made dishes is convenience (方便). People with busy lifestyles prefer to buy them instead of cooking from scratch. Pre-made dishes can 33 (place) in the refrigerator and heated up quickly when needed.
The variety of pre-made dishes is also increasing. There are different dishes 34 can satisfy different tastes. For example, you can find Italian-style pasta dishes, Chinese stir-fries and American-style burgers.
35 , there are also some concerns. Some pre-made dishes are high 36 salt and fat. The long-term consumption may lead to health problems. In addition, some pre made dishes contain additives (添加剂). Although these additives are used 37 (keep) the food fresh, they may cause concerns among consumers. Some pre-made dishes lack the freshness of home cooked meals. When 38 (cook)at home, we can choose fresh ingredients. But for pre made dishes, we don’t know 39 (exact) how long the ingredients have been stored.
In conclusion, pre made dishes are convenient but have some problems that we should consider. We should make 40 wise choice according to our own needs.
二、单词拼写
41．She had (说服) herself that life was not worth living.
42．The company hugged itself to think how easily it had (得到) that area of land.
43．I got a call from a friend whom I hadn’t (联系) for a long time.
44．The group had been carefully (选拔) for the study because of their lifestyles.
45．He is said to be in a (稳定的) condition in hospital.
46．Baoji Senior School is extremely large, (组成) of over 80 classes.
47．Patricia looked as beautiful and (优雅的) as I saw her ten years ago.
48．By 1909, Picasso had (建立、确立) himself as a painter of great talent in Paris.
49．The electricity industry used to (消耗) large amounts of fossil fuels.
50．He (割破) his fingers by accident when cutting vegetables. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
51．Tu Youyou researched hundreds of traditional connected to anti-malarial cures. (处方；秘诀)
52．Workers are struggling for a clean (餐厅) and healthy food.
53．With your diligence and concentration, you are bound to succeed in entering an (理想的) university.
54．Shannon was a nice girl but (稍微，有点儿) overweight and didn’t talk much.
55．Within minutes, the kitchen had been (恢复) to its former tidiness.
56．They firmly believe that color is (基本的) in home design.
57．She was known to have an even (脾气) and to be difficult to be angry.
58．Her country is famous for the delicious (菜肴)．
59．Assuming we are to buy in (数量), we hope you will consider offering a discount on your list price.
60．He is determined to become a professional (厨师).
三、选词填空
hand in hand, be stuffed with, consist of, a case in point, be related to, at a minimum, prior to, junk food, slice off, refer to
61．It’s studied that the high crime rate high unemployment.
62．This term, the chemistry club five classes of students.
63．The chef some meat and cut it into small pieces.
64．People often use the phrase “like father, like son” to family resemblance.
65．Lack of communication causes serious problems and their marriage is .
66．To my surprise, his rooms antiques and priceless treasures.
67． , this provides consumers with the information they need.
68．If a person places money anything else, it’s very likely that he could not enjoy the happiness in life.
69．The two children are very close, and I often see them walking around the playground after class.
70．They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more later in their trip.
参考答案：
拓展单词
1. consist vi. 组成→consistent adj. 一致的; 连续的
2. consume vt. 消费; 消耗→consumer n. 消费者→ consumption n. 消耗
3. elegant adj. 优雅的 →elegance n. 优雅
4. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的 →priority n. 优先权
5. stable adj. 稳定的; 稳重的 →stability n. 稳定性
6. except prep. 除了 →exceptional adj. 特别的; 罕见的
7. minimum adj最小的; 最低(限度)的 n. 最小值 →minimize v. 最小化
8. associate v. 联系; 联想→association n. 关联; 协会
9. moderate adj. 适度的; 合理的→moderation n. 适度; 合理
核心短语
1. prior to 在……之前的
2. consist of 由……组成(或构成)
3. slice. . . off 切下
4. regardless of 不管; 不顾
5. relate. . . to 把……联系起来
6. refer to 查阅; 涉及; 指的是
7. recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物
8. stuff sth. with. . . 用……把某物填满
9. make up 组成; 编造; 化妆; 弥补
10. quantities of 大量
1． of up
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：加拿大是一个由许多不同种族组成的国家，也是一个以外国移民占多数人口的国家。第一空为固定短语consist of意为“由……组成”符合句意，所以第一空为介词of；第二空为固定短语make up意为“构成”符合句意，所以第二空为up。故填①of②up。
2．filling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“充满”应用fill，with+宾语+宾语补足语为固定用法，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，tears和fill为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填filling。
3．Delighted
【详解】考查形容词。句意：很高兴知道你对绘画有热情，我想邀请你加入我们。delight在此处应使用形容词形式delighted，修饰人，表示“感到高兴的”，作状语。首字母大写。故填Delighted。
4．of
【详解】考查介词。句意：这款美食汉堡由多汁的肉饼、焦糖洋葱和奶油面包组成。be composed of“由……组成”是固定搭配。故填of。
5．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：为大型团体预留的桌子在为较小团体准备之前就已经布置好了。“prior to”是固定短语，表示“在……之前”。故填 to。
6．consume
【详解】考查动词。句意：许多人不知道他们每天消耗了多少食物和饮料。设空处为从句谓语，应用consumption的动词consume，根据every day可知为一般现在时，主语they，谓语为复数形式，故填consume。
7．to
【详解】考查固定短语和介词。句意：我喜欢迈纳先生的演讲，他讲得清楚扼要。结合句意可知，表示“扼要”为固定短语to the point，to是介词。故填to.
8．sliced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，我了解到山东最有名的食物是大葱馅的煎饼卷。that引导的宾语从句系动词为is，此处应用非谓语动词，且Chinese green onions与slice“切，把……切成(薄)片”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语，修饰名词Chinese green onions。故填sliced。
9．exceptional
【详解】考查形容词。句意：该公司在过去两年中表现出了非凡的成长。分析句子可知，空处是修饰growth的定语，exception的形容词形式exceptional符合题意，意为“非凡的，卓越的”。故填exceptional。
10．chefs
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他是中国的顶级厨师之一。one of + 复数名词。根据句意，故填chefs。
11．consuming
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：信息过载，通常被称为“信息肥胖症”，包含消耗不健康的信息量。involve doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“包含做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式consuming作宾语。故填consuming。
12．with
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：苹果馅饼里塞满了甜甜的、熟透了的果子。be stuffed with为固定短语，意为“塞满了”。故填with。
13．had disappeared
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：飓风过后，玛丽发现她家的屋顶不见了。that引导宾语从句，saw表示主句为一般过去时，从句的事情表示过去的过去已经完成，用过去完成时。故填had disappeared。
14．had been sent
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他告诉我受伤的人半小时前就被送往医院了。空处是that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词，根据句意和主句谓语动词told可知，send发生在told之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时态，从句主语“the injured man”和“send”之间是被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been sent。
15．playing
【详解】考查动名词。句意：约翰总是把时间花在帮助孩子们学习上，而不是玩电脑游戏。devote one’s time to doing sth.是固定短语，意为“把时间花在……上”，因此空格处在rather than后应用动名词playing，与helping一致。故填playing。
16．ordering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管我告诉他我住在附近，那人还是坚持要为我叫一辆出租车。短语insist on doing意为“坚持要做某事”，空处应用order“订购”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填ordering。
17．into
【详解】考查介词。句意：骗子可能会试图诱骗你泄露敏感信息。trick sb into为固定搭配，意为“哄骗某人”。故填into。
18．in
【详解】考查介词。句意：面包店大量生产面包，以确保全天新鲜供应。in quantity为固定搭配，意为“大量地”。故填in。
19．quantities
【详解】考查名词和固定短语。句意：大量葡萄酒可用于各种活动和私人聚会。本题考查固定短语：large quantities of，意为“大量的”，可修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数形式，谓语动词一律用复数形式。根据句中谓语动词are ，可知此处填quantity的复数形式quantities。故填quantities。
20．In
【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管等待时间很长，但食物一到就觉得值得了。此处表示“尽管”，应使用介词短语in spite of，表示“尽管……”，句首单词首字母大写，故填In。
21．of
【详解】考查介词。句意：无论在什么场合，餐厅都提供了一个温馨的氛围。regardless of为固定搭配，意为“不管，无论”。故填of。
22．with
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个节日与庆祝当地农产品和手工食品有关。be associated with为固定搭配，意为“与……有关”。故填with。
23．more stable
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们认为生物多样性越大，生态系统就越稳定。“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”为固定句型，意为“越……，就越……”，空处需填形容词比较级more stable。故填more stable。
24．tricks
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他不会让孩子们捉弄老人的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词的复数形式，作宾语，表示泛指。play tricks on sb为固定短语，意为“捉弄某人”。故填tricks。
25．has been sold
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，超市里的大量啤酒已经卖光了。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文so far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语为A large quantity of beer，助动词用has。故填has been sold。
26．association
【详解】考查名词。句意：我和他的关系要追溯到高中时代。分析句子结构可知，形容词性物主代词my后接名词association（关系；交往）在句中作主语，抽象概念，不可数。故填association。
27．In/With
【详解】考查介词。句意：有关移民方面的讨论，我想听听马索洛女士的意见。表示“关于”短语为in/with regard to，首字母大写。故填In/With。
28． totally decisive
【详解】考查副词和形容词。句意：独自生活是一种完全不同的体验，主要有三个原因：更有责任感，更果断，更有创造力。第一空为副词作状语修饰形容词different，total的副词为totally意为“完全地”符合句意；第二空为形容词作表语与responsible和creative并列，decide的形容词为decisive意为“果断的”符合句意。故填①totally②decisive。
29．decision
【详解】考查名词。句意：做出关于美好未来的决定可能是我们一生中要做的一件重要的事情。此处为名词作宾语，decide的名词为decision意为“决定”，make the decision意为“做出决定”。故填decision。
30．consistently
【详解】考查副词。句意：并不是我们偶尔做的事情塑造了我们的生活，而是我们一贯所做的事情。修饰动词do应用副词形式。故填consistently。
31．popularity 32．advantages 33．be placed 34．which/that 35．However 36．in 37．to keep 38．cooking 39．exactly 40．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了预制菜的优缺点。
31．考查名词。句意：预制菜，也被称为预煮食品，近年来越来越受欢迎。根据空格前的动词gaining可知，空格处应该用名词popularity作宾语。故填popularity。
32．考查名词复数。句意：预制菜的主要优点之一是方便。根据空格前的one of the可知，空格处应该用名词复数形式advantages。故填advantages。
33．考查被动语态。句意：预先做好的菜可以放在冰箱里，需要时可以快速加热。动词place与句子的主语pre-made dishes之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，空格前有can，空格处用动词原形。故填be placed。
34．考查定语从句。句意：有不同的菜可以满足不同的口味。空格处引导限制性定语从句，对先行词dishes进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
35．考查副词。句意：然而，也有一些担忧。上文的内容是说预制菜的优点，而空格后的内容是说人们担忧和预制菜的缺点，所以上下文是转折关系，空格处应该用表示转折的副词however。故填However。
36．考查介词。句意：一些预先做好的菜是高盐和高脂肪的。be high in“富含......”是固定搭配。故填in。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然这些添加剂是用来保持食物新鲜的，但它们可能会引起消费者的担忧。be used to do“被用于做……”是固定搭配。故填to keep。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：在家做饭时，我们可以选择新鲜的食材。根据空格前的when可知，此处考查状语从句的省略，when引导的完整从句是when we are cooking at home，符合状语从句省略的条件，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填cooking。
39．考查副词。句意：但对于预制的菜肴，我们不知道原料储存了多长时间。修饰空格前的动词know，应该用副词exactly作状语。故填exactly。
40．考查冠词。句意：我们应该根据自己的需要做出明智的选择。根据空格后的单数名词choice可知，空格处应该用不定冠词，wise的发音是辅音音素开头，应该用a。故填a。
41．persuaded
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：她已说服自己，生活不值得过下去。空格处与前文had构成本句谓语，为过去完成时，故空格处应为过去分词；再根据汉语提示“说服”可知，此处应填过去分词persuaded。故填persuaded。
42．acquired
【详解】考查动词。句意：该公司一想到自己轻而易举地获得了那块地，就暗自庆幸。“得到”是acquire，由had可知，时态是过去完成时，因此空格处用过去分词，故填acquired。
43．contacted
【详解】考查动词。句意：我接到了一个很久没有联系的朋友的电话。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填动词contact“联系”，空处作whom引导的定语从句的谓语动词，结合空格前的助动词hadn’t，可知填入过去分词构成过去完成时。故填contacted。
44．selected
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这组人是根据他们的生活方式精心挑选出来进行研究的。“选拔”是select，这组人是被选拔，句子用被动语态，由had been可知，句子用过去完成时的被动语态，因此空格处用过去分词，故填selected。
45．stable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：据说他在医院的情况稳定。空格后是名词，所以应该用形容词。故答案为stable.
46．consisting
【详解】考查动词。句意：宝鸡中学规模非常大，由80多个班级组成。consist of意为“由……组成”。本句的谓语是is，consist和Baoji Senior School之间是主谓关系，此处是现在分词作伴随状态。故答案为consisting。
47．elegant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：Patricia看起来和十年前我见到她时一样美丽、优雅。空格处用形容词作表语，“优雅的”的形容词是elegant，故填elegant。
48．established
【详解】考查动词。句意：到1909年，毕加索已成为巴黎一位才华横溢的画家。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词established“建立、确立”，由时间状语By 1909和had可知，句子应为过去完成时，空处应填动词的过去分词形式。故填established。
49．consume
【详解】考查动词。句意：电力工业过去消耗大量的化石燃料。根据汉语提示可知应用动词consume，且上文为短语used to do sth.。故填consume。
50．sliced
【详解】考查动词。句意：他切菜时不小心割破了手指。根据汉语提示可知，slice“割破”，动词，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填sliced。
51．recipes
【详解】考查名词。句意：屠呦呦研究了数百种与抗疟疾疗法有关的传统配方。表示“处方；秘诀”用recipe，结合hundreds of可知，名词用复数。故填recipes。
52．canteen
【详解】考查名词。句意：工人们正在为打造一个干净的餐厅和提供健康的食品而努力。表示“餐厅”应用名词canteen作宾语，不定冠词a表明用单数，故填canteen。
53．ideal
【详解】考查形容词。句意：以你的勤奋和专注，你一定能成功地进入一所理想的大学。根据汉语提示“理想的”可知，此处使用形容词ideal，作定语，修饰名词university。故填ideal。
54．somewhat
【详解】考查副词。句意：Shannon是个好女孩，但有点超重，也不怎么说话。根据汉语提示可知，somewhat“稍微，有点儿”，副词，修饰形容词“overweight”，故填somewhat。
55．restored
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：数分钟之内，厨房已经恢复到以前的整洁。根据句意和汉语提示，应填restore“恢复”作谓语，与主语kitchen是被动关系，空前有had been，故用过去完成时的被动语态，故填restored。
56．fundamental
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们坚信色彩是家居设计的基础。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词fundamental，作表语。故填fundamental。
57．temper
【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，她脾气平和，很难生气。根据汉语提示“脾气”，以及句子结构可知，此处缺少名词用作动词have的temper充当宾语，根据前面有不定冠词an限定， 应使用单数形式。故填temper。
58．cuisine
【详解】考查名词。句意：她的国家以美味的菜肴而闻名。根据汉语提示可知应用名词cuisine，作宾语。故填cuisine。
59．quantity
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我方大量购买，希望贵方能考虑在价目表上给予折扣。“数量”是quantity，in quantity是固定短语，意为“大量地，大批地”，因此空格处是quantity。故填quantity。
60．chef
【详解】考查名词。句意：他决心成为一名职业厨师。“厨师”是chef，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填chef。
61．is related to 62．consists of 63．sliced off 64．refer to 65．a case in point 66．were stuffed with 67．At a minimum 68．prior to 69．hand in hand 70．junk food
【解析】61．考查短语和时态。句意：据研究，高犯罪率与高失业率有关。“和……有关”是be related to，描述事实用一般现在时，主语 the high crime rate是第三单数，故填is related to 。
62．考查短语和时态。句意：这学期，化学俱乐部由五个班的学生组成。“由……组成”用consist of，描述这学期的事情用一般现在时，主语是club，谓语动词用单数。故填consists of。
63．考查短语和时态。句意：厨师切下一些肉并切成小块。“切下”用slice off表示，根据cut可知，用一般过去时。故填sliced off。
64．考查短语和非谓语动词。句意：人们常说“有其父必有其子”指的是家族相似性。“指的是”是refer to,动词不定式后用动词原形。故填refer to。
65．考查短语。句意：缺乏交流导致了严重的问题，他们的婚姻就是一个很好的例子。表示一个例子用短语a case in point，故填a case in point。
66．考查短语和时态。句意：令我惊讶的是，他的房间里塞满了古董和无价之宝。“挤满”是be stuffed with，主语rooms是复数名词，谓语也用复数，描述过去的事情用一般过去时。故填were stuffed with。
67．考查介词短语。句意：至少，这为消费者提供了他们需要的信息。根据“this provides consumers with the information they need.”可知，这至少为消费者提供了重要信息。“至少”是at a minimum,故填At a minimum。
68．考查短语。句意：如果一个人把金钱放在其他任何事情之前，他很可能无法享受生活中的幸福。根据“he could not enjoy the happiness in life.”可知，人优先考虑金钱不会快乐。“优先”是prior to，故填prior to。
69．考查短语。句意：这两个孩子关系很好，下课后我经常看到他们手牵着手在操场上散步。根据“The two children are very close,and I often see them walking”可知，两人关系好经常手拉手散步。“手拉手”是hand in hand，故填hand in hand。
70．考查名词。句意：他们知道，先买健康食品的顾客会感到高兴，这样他们就会在以后的旅行中买更多的垃圾食品。对比前面的healthy food，可知后面是会买垃圾食品。junk food表示“垃圾食品”。故填junk food。