北京八一学校2024-2025学年高一（上）期中英语（PDF版，无答案）

2024北京八一学校高一（上）期中
英 语
（考试时间：90 分钟 试卷满分：100 分） 2024.11
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，32 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
Sam was a motherless boy who lived with his father Curtis. To Sam, his father was his hero and the only soul
with whom he felt__1__ and connected in the world. Though uneducated and poor, Curtis recognized and cultivated
his son's __2__ in words like it was the most important thing in the world. He would take Sam to the public library
every day.
When fate suddenly took Curtis away from Sam, the kid became homeless and withdrawn from everyone and
everything. He even couldn't read a single page without __3__ at every sentence. So he turned to writing instead.
And within two months, the boy used up six notebooks to write his thoughts in notes and poetry.
One day, Mr. Murray, a father of two boys, __4__ Sam sitting outside a cafe, gripping his stomach in hunger,
tears streaming down his face. He took Sam home, __5__ him, and tucked him up in bed. Then he looked through
Sam's bag, hoping to find some number he could call. Instead, he found Sam's diary. He read through page after page
of what the 11-year-old had been going through, trying to cry in __6___.
When Sam woke up, he found his books __7__ arranged on a shelf, his clothes put away in a laundry bag, and
the picture of his father put in a beautiful frame and placed on the study table.
“This is your home. You can have all the books you want. I will drive you to and from school every day with my
boys. Nothing will stop you from pursuing your dreams,” Mr. Murray said, accepting Sam’s __8___ hug.
From that day on, Sam's life was never the same. Reading and writing never got apart from him. He became
outgoing and __9__ a confident personality. With the love and support of Mr. Murray, he followed his heart and
studied __10__ in university. By the time Sam was 30, he was the owner of a successful publishing house.
1. A. anxious B. stressed C. excited D. safe
2. A. inspiration B. interest C. habit D. imagination
3. A. showing off B. giving up C. calming down D. breaking down
4. A. kept B. felt C. spotted D. prevented
5. A. fed B. taught C. dragged D. pleased
6. A. horror B. relief C. silence D. desperation
7. A. neatly B. hurriedly C. wisely D. naturally
8. A. polite B. tearful C. welcoming D. comforting
9. A. replaced B. described C. developed D. strengthened
10. A. science B. gymnastics C. education D. literature
第二节 语法练习（共 17 小题；每小题 1 分，共 17 分）
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Part 1 请根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。(每小题 1 分，
共 6 分)
11. That smell r___________ me of my grandmother.
12. After finishing the marathon, she felt a great sense of ____________（满足，满意）.
13. To save time, he took a _____________（捷径）through the park.
14. The underdog team managed to d_________ the favorites in the championship game.
15. He q__________ his job to pursue his dream of becoming a writer.
16. Playing sports can r__________ stress and anxiety.
Part 2 请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提
示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(每小题 1 分，共 11 分)
A
The most popular martial arts today originated in China. Karate（空手道）was derived from Fujian Province.
In the 14th century, a community of Chinese migrants from Fujian 17.________(settle) in what was then the kingdom
of Okinawa. The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural activities -- one of 18.________ was
kung fu. This soon caught the attention of local youths, 19.______ started learning kung fu. Besides, the very first
Korean military 20.___________(base) on a Chinese version, too.
B
Paul and I were on the same basketball team. We both loved basketball and were both huge fans of the NBA.
Paul used Bogues as his 21.___________(inspire) while I preferred LeBron James. Although we have different idols,
we agree that our favorite players are both champions.
Actually, Paul was a hard-working boy. Our coach was not so sure. So, he was usually on the bench as a
22.__________(replace). One day, our team was playing our competitors, The Bears, a team 23.__________ record
was perfect. We all agreed that it would be a tough one. In the competition, a player and I crashed into each other. I
24._________(feel) too painful in my knee to play. So, I recommended Paul to our coach. At that time, our coach had
no choice but to let Paul have a try. And clearly, all the extra hours that he 25.____________(spend) practicing alone
paid off. The other team just couldn’t keep up with his energy and speed. He made shot after shot, and the crowd
couldn’t stop 26.________(clap) and cheering.
At last, we 27._______(win) the game and Paul earned his place on the team.
第二部分：阅读理解（共 48 分）
第一节 （共 19 小题；每小题 2 分，共 38 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you’re looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get
the best hoverboard
What is a Hoverboard
A hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal transportation device. It’s electrical, portable
and became highly popular in 2015 in reference to a popular 1980’s movie. Typically, this self-balancing device
operates like a powered skateboard.
How Does a Hoverboard Work
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The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isn’t complicated. Basically, a standard hoverboard
contains:
Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion battery.
Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt (倾斜) the hoverboard while maintaining balance and
adjusting their direction.
Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright.
Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data—your speed, tilt, etc.—and sends information
to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.
All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balanced,
upright and moving at a controlled speed.
Why Buy a Hoverboard
Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. You’ve probably seen kids riding one around the house. They’re a
phenomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend
Where is a hoverboard legal
Despite their wild popularity, hoverboards have yet to become “street-legal”. Currently, some places prohibit
anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places,
like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places have also put speed limits on the
devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, open areas—including your yard—are free of these
restrictions.
28. The logic board of a hoverboard can ______.
A. receive data and give command B. power the wheels
C. send information to the riders D. store electricity
29. According to the passage, a hoverboard can be used ______.
A. on bike paths B. in parks C. on campus D. in shopping malls
30. What is the main purpose of this passage
A. To evaluate a gift’s quality. B. To compare new hoverboard models.
C. To recommend a gift choice. D. To clarify functions of the latest hoverboards.
B
When the COVID-19 pandemic forced the town in Manton, Michigan to shut down, Scott Chittle decided that
the community needed a safe place to come together, and something to bring some joy during the boring winter
months. And what is a better outdoor activity to get people outside in the cold than ice skating
In order to make his dream a reality, Chittle searched the Internet for videos on how to build an ice rink (溜冰
场). He ordered a large 3,000 square foot tarp (防水帆布) online and bought some wood to create the walls. It took
12 fire trucks from the local fire department to get enough water to fill the plot.
It took a little time as Chittle went door to door to convince people to come and see his creation, and soon
Chittle’s backyard ice rink became a Manton hotspot. Parents joined in to help Chittle buy second-hand skates and
hockey sticks for the neighborhood children. Soon enough, the children were skating and shooting.
“We kept seeing more things donated. It was fantastic because the whole community just came together. It was
amazing how everybody worked together because of Scott.” says neighbor Audrey Hooker.
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Skaters were welcome to come at any time. And each Saturday from 4 p.m. until 8 p.m., dozens of children and
their parents gathered at the ice rink for skate parties. The children who had been confined to their homes for almost
a year laughed and shouted with joy while skating around the rink. Parents gathered around feeling relief that their
children had found a purpose again. It became a weekly event that neighbors could look forward to and it offered a
place for people to see each other in a socially distanced way.
But the kindness didn’t stop with Chittle. When the community heard how much money he used to make this
project happen, everyone helped. A fundraiser brought in about $1,300, and letters sent to Chittle’s home stuffed with
cash brought in an additional $1,500, covering all of the costs with money to panies began sending
supplies for next year’s ice rink including outdoor lights, a snow sweeping machine and shovels.
“This has been a community thing,” explains Chittle. “It’s not just me. I want to show the rest of the world what
a little effort, the best intentions, and community can do not only for others but for the souls of all.”
31. Why did Chittle build a backyard ice rink
A. To organize skate parties.
B. To offer a safe social place and some fun.
C. To get some money and outdoor supplies.
D. To show off his creativity.
32. What did the parents do to help with the ice rink
A. Bought skates and hockey sticks. B. Raised money for Chittle.
C. Filled the ice rink with water. D. Convinced people to come.
33. What can we learn from the passage
A. The ice rink is only open to children on Saturday.
B. Chittle made much money after building the ice rink.
C. The whole community contributed to the ice rink.
D. The parents felt relief because Chittle took care of their children.
34. Which of the following words can best describe Scott Chittle
A. Honest and friendly. B. Kind and devoted.
C. Humorous and polite. D. Careful and confident.
C
As college sports continue to be hugely popular and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) brings
in large amounts of money, people have restarted the debate on whether college athletes should get paid.
Supporters of the idea believe that, because college athletes are bringing in audiences, they should receive some
sort of compensation (补偿). In fact, the NCAA brings in about $1 billion income a year, but college athletes don’t
receive any of that money in the form of a paycheck. Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid
state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals
as quickly, either by giving them a way to begin earning money in college or requiring them to sign a contract (合同)
saying they’ll stay at the university for a certain number of years while making an agreed-upon salary.
People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college
sports. Paying athletes would turn college sports into a bidding (竞拍) war, where only the richest schools could
afford top athletes, and most schools would be shut out from developing a talented team. It could also harm the
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camaraderie within many college teams if players become unhappy that certain teammates are making more money
than they are.
Those against paying college athletes also believe that the athletes are receiving enough benefits already. The
top athletes receive scholarships that are worth tens of thousands per year. They receive free food and textbooks, get
travel bonuses and free equipment, and can use their time in college as a way to attract the attention of professional
coaches. No other college students receive anywhere near as much from their schools.
While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the
positives. College athletes have been compensated enough. Adding a salary would result in a college athletic system
where only a few athletes are paid by some schools who enter bidding wars to sign them up, while most student
athletics and college athletic programs suffer or even shut down for lack of money. Continuing to offer the present
benefits to student athletes makes it possible for as many people to benefit from and enjoy college sports as possible.
35. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that college athletes ______.
A. have earned what they are promised
B. should sign a contract to make an agreed-upon salary
C. tend to serve college longer when paid
D. prefer to stay at university rather than turn professionals
36. The underlined word “camaraderie” in Paragraph 3 is similar to “______”.
A. spirit B. competition C. friendship D. communication
37. People against paying college athletes believe ______.
A. schools would be unable to afford it
B. it could be harmful to college sports
C. no other college students receive benefits
D. students would value payments over achievements
38. What is the author’s attitude towards paying college athletes
A. Uncertain. B. Satisfied. C. Expectant. D. Unsupportive.
D
At the heart of psychology is understanding behavior, and understanding behavior has much to do with
understanding the brain. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have become more efficient at mapping the brain and
have gained more understanding of how the brain develops and works. Truly, differences in behavior as we age and
between genders, are most likely explained by the physical state of and changes in our brains.
Around the age of 12, it is believed that the areas of the brain that are used most will be strengthened and cells
in the brain that are not used tend to die. What you do with your brain in your teen years probably decides how your
brain will work for the rest of your life. If a teen spends endless hours watching TV, the neural connections that help
the brain process TV are what will be strengthened. It is clear, therefore, that how young people spend their time is
of great importance.
Surprisingly, and different from earlier beliefs, the brain is still developing even in the early twenties. Areas of
the brain that are related to emotion, decision making, reasoning, and problem solving are still not fully developed.
This may go some way toward explaining why car accident rates in young people are significantly higher than those
among older people. Young people don’t have the necessary skills to make complex judgments while driving.
There are also differences in the way brains develop when it comes to gender. It appears that girls are ready to
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process more challenging information earlier than boys, with the area of the brain responsible for this activity peaking
at the age of 14 to 16 in boys, a full two years later than girls. In addition, studies have shown that girls and boys
process language input in different parts of their brains. Girls typically tend to do better than boys in language, which
means that they have more brain matter responsible for language skills.
This kind of research raises important questions about how boys and girls should be taught in school to maximize
(使最大化) their learning. For example, the idea of single-sex education should perhaps be taken into consideration.
Experts say that we would do well to revisit the timing of the subjects taught in school, as some parts of the brain
develop before others. Additionally, what we understand about the teenage brain should perhaps be taken into
consideration when laws are being made with regard to the minimum (最低的) driving age.
39. According to the passage, young people are more likely to have car accidents because _______.
A. certain areas in their brains are not fully developed
B. they fail to realize the importance of skills
C. they don’t have the necessary skills in driving
D. their brains tend to be influenced by their emotions
40. What can we learn from the passage
A. Earlier beliefs show the brain is still developing in the early twenties.
B. Girls are better at language because they are devoted to language learning.
C. How people spend their time when they’re teenagers affects their future life.
D. Gender makes no difference when it comes to the physical state of the brain.
41. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.
A. single-sex education may benefit teenagers
B. the time when school starts should be put off
C. lawmakers will lower the minimum driving age
D. the number of subjects in school might be changed
42. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Age and the Brain B. Genders and the Brain
C. The Developing Brain D. Mapping the Brain
E
The US scientists who created the first living robots say the life forms, known as xenobots, can now reproduce—
and in a way not seen in plants and animals. Xenobots are formed from the stem cells of the African clawed frog
(Xenopus laevis), from which it takes its name.
“Frogs have a way of reproducing that they normally use, but when you liberate the stem cells from the embryo
(胚胎) and you give them a chance to figure out how to be in a new environment, not only do they figure out a new
way to move, but they also figure out apparently a new way to reproduce,” said Michael Levin, a professor of biology
at Tufts University, who was co-lead author of the new research.
Stem cells are unspecialized cells that have the ability to develop into different cell types. To make the xenobots,
the researchers removed living stem cells from frog embryos and left them to develop.
“Most people think of robots as being made of metal, but it’s not so much what a robot is made from but what
it does, which is act on its own on behalf of people,” said Josh Bongard, a computer science professor and robotics
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expert at the University of Vermont and lead author of the study. “In that way, it’s a robot, but it’s also clearly an
organism made from frog cells.”
The researchers found that the xenobots could replicate (自我复制). But it happened rarely and only in specific
circumstances. The xenobots used “kinetic replication”—a process that is known to occur at the molecular (分子)
level.
With the help of artificial intelligence, the researchers then tested billions of body shapes to make the xenobots
more effective at this type of replication. The supercomputer came up with a C-shape that looked like Pac-Man, the
1980s video game. They found it was able to find tiny stem cells, gather hundreds of them inside its mouth, and a
few days later the pack of cells became new xenobots.
“The AI didn’t program these machines in the way we usually think about writing code. It shaped and sculpted
and came up with this Pac-Man shape,” Bongard said. “The shape is, in essence, the program. The shape influences
how the xenobots behave to speed up this incredibly surprising process.”
The xenobots are very early technology—think of a 1940s computer—and don’t yet have any practical
applications. However, this combination of molecular biologyand artificial intelligence could potentially be used in
many tasks in the body and the environment. This may include things like collecting microplastics in the oceans,
inspecting root systems and regenerative medicine. “There are many things that are possible if we take advantage of
this kind of plasticity and ability of cells to solve problems,” Bongard said.
43. According to Josh Bongard, a robot should be defined in terms of _________.
A. its reliability B. its function C. its appearance D. its material
44. What can we learn about xenobots from the passage
A. Xenobots have copied stem cells using computer programs.
B. Specialized cells play a key role in the replication of xenobots.
C. AI makes it possible for xenobots to replicate more effectively.
D. The shape of xenobots was inspired from a video game in the 1980s.
45. What is the author’s attitude towards future applications of xenobots
A. Disapproving. B. Optimistic. C. Unconcerned. D. Objective.
46. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Fact or fantasy Robots can reproduce
B. Where does the unnatural replication process lead
C. Are xenobots the future of artificial intelligence
D. The uncertain role of robot reproduction
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中
有两项为多余选项。
Move to the Music
Music helps us exercise, but why does it have this effect __47__ The first is simple: Music distracts us. When
we listen to a song we like, our brain pays attention to the music. For example, after we exercise for 20 minutes, our
body might be tired. But we may not feel this immediately while listening to music. So we exercise a little longer.
Music also motivates us. When we hear dance music, for example, we naturally start to move to the beat. An
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upbeat song also puts us in a good mood, so we feel happier. This gives us energy and helps us exercise longer.
__48__ Songs in the range of 120-140 beats per minute (BPM) are the best, says sports psychologist Dr. Costas
Karageorghis.
__49__ Its leading researcher Fritz put 61 people in small groups. They all then exercised twice. One time, each
group worked out while listening to music for six minutes. Another time, they exercised for six minutes on special
Jymmin machines. The name Jymmin is a combination of “jamming” and “gym.” Using these machines, each group
made music as they moved. The exercisers became the composers and the machines became their instruments. In the
end, 53 of the 61 people said the same thing: They felt less tired when they exercised on the Jymmin machines.
__50__
How does Fritz explain this Maybe people did better on the Jymmin machines because they had more control,
he says. People created the beat. They could make it go faster or slower. Also, the activity was social. Each group
was making music together and having fun. Fritz believes that Jymmin exercise may have other advantages, too.
__51__ For example, it may be even a good way to treat depression.
A. This also helps relax our body and brain.
B. Music with a quick and steady beat is good for exercising.
C. He wants to find out if it can help with more serious conditions.
D. He expects to take advantage of it to tap into people’s potential.
E. Experts say there are two main reasons.
F. A new study suggests this is only part of the explanation, however.
G. When they exercise and make music, working out seems to be easier.
第三部分：书面表达（共 20 分）
根据中文提示和所给的关键词，将下列句子翻译成英文。（共 5 小题；每小题 4 分，共 20 分）
52. 他的父母认为他有能力靠自己解决这个问题。(capable)
53. 所有的汗水和辛勤工作最终都是值得的，其他一切都不能给我们更多成就感。(worth)
54. 任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。(定语从句)
55. 跑前热身和跑后放松非常重要，能确保我们不会受伤。(important)
56. Jim 厌倦了待在室内，他渴望去徒步旅行。(desire)
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