外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 The world meets China Using language课件（共36张）

(共39张PPT)
The world meets China
Adverbial clauses
1.To understand the general knowledge of adverbial clauses.
2. To be able to use adverbial clauses in proper situations.
Learning aims
语法感知
用适当的连词完成下面教材中的句子并体会其语法特征
1．(教材原句)You can only imagine how travellers felt they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them.
2．(教材原句) you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.
3．(教材原句)The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with their scarves flying, as they are about to fly down to meet us.
4．(教材原句)The scrolls are so detailed they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang, such as ceramics, medicine, perfumes and fruit, to name just a few.
Leading-in
when
If
if
that
5．(教材原句)In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous it used to be.
6．(教材原句)Gradually, it faded from memory, it was once such a great city.
7．(教材原句)Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.
Leading-in
as
even though
since
状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号与主句隔开；放在主句之后时，一般不用逗号。
状语从句按其意义和作用一般分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句和比较状语从句。
一、时间状语从句
1．when、while和as引导的时间状语从句
when 从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生
while 从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as 从句的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，意为“一边……，一边……；随着……”
When she comes, I shall tell her to wait for you.
她来时我会告诉她等你。
While some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
当一些人被成功的渴望所激励的时候，而另一些人却被失败的恐惧驱使着。
As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
随着人口平均年龄的增长，越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句
(1)as soon as、immediately、directly、instantly、the moment等连词用于句中描述当前的状况或动作。
(2024 新高考Ⅱ卷)The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.当我下飞机的那一刻，我像疯了一样跑过机场大楼，不假思索地跳上了第一辆出租车。
I'll tell him the news as soon as I see him.我一看见他就告诉他这个消息。
The moment my sister gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy.
我的姐姐苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在“hardly...when...” “no sooner...than...”结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
No sooner had she gone to sleep than the telephone rang.她刚要去睡觉，电话就响了。
I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
3．till和until引导的时间状语从句
连词 用法 谓语动词 意义
till 主句和从句都用肯定形式 主句的谓语动词为延续性动词 直到……为止
until 主句用否定形式，从句用肯定形式 主句的谓语动词一般为非延续性动词 直到……才
She didn't start the lesson till/until the pupils settled down.
等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people till/until you figure it out.
如果你遇到不懂的事情，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。
(2023 全国甲卷)Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.”
把看你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末，或者多等10分钟再去吃那个蛋糕。
4．表示时间的名词词组引导的时间状语从句
常见的时间名词词组：every time、each time、next time、the first time、by the time、the moment、the minute、the instant、the year、the day等。
By the time you have finished this book, your meal will get cold.
等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。
Ann felt nervous the first time she gave a speech in front of so many students.
当安第一次在这么多学生面前演讲的时候，她感到很紧张。
5．before和since引导的时间状语从句
(1)before意为“在……之前，还未……就……，还没有来得及……就……”。它引导的从句中谓语动词所表示的动作通常晚于主句中谓语动词所表示的动作。常用句式：
①“It will be＋一段时间＋before”意为“还要……时间才……”
②“It was＋一段时间＋before”意为“过了……时间才……”
③“It won't be long before...”意为“用不了多久就……”
④“It wasn't long before...”意为“没过多久就……”
We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.
在解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。
If you miss this chance, it may be years before you get another one.
如果你错过了这次机会，可能你需要很多年才能再获得一次这样的机会。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(谓语动词常用过去时)
As is reported, it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.
正如所报道的，清华大学建校已有一百多年了。
It is/has been five days since he came here. 他来这儿已经五天了。
【即学即练】完成句子
(1)他一到办公室就开始工作。
He began to work ．
(2)自从我上次见到你已经十年了。
It has been ten years ．
(3)过了很长一段时间我才悟出真相。It was quite a long time ．
as soon as/the moment he got to the office
since I met you last time
before I realized the truth
二、条件状语从句
条件状语从句可由if、unless、as/so long as、on condition that、only if、in case等引导。
(2022·全国甲卷)It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate.
如果你把盘子弄得一团糟，对厨师来说是个好兆头。
I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret.
我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保守秘密。
As long as you form the habit of learning English every day, you will conquer English sooner or later.
只要你养成每天学习英语的习惯，你迟早会征服英语。
【温馨提示】
(1)unless在意义上相当于if...not。因此，在某些场合，unless引导的肯定条件状语从句可以与if引导的否定条件状语从句互换。
Unless you change your mind, I won't help you.
＝If you don't change your mind, I won't help you.
如果你不改变主意，我就不会帮助你。
(2)only if意为“只有”，引导的条件状语从句要用陈述语气；if only意为“但愿……，要是……就好了”，引导的条件状语从句要用虚拟语气。
Only if you have persistence can you achieve success.只有坚持不懈，你才能取得成功。
—I was caught in the rain and got wet all over.我被雨淋了，全身都湿透了。
—If only you had taken an umbrella!要是你带一把雨伞就好了！
【即学即练】用适当的连词填空
(1)You will be late you leave immediately.
(2) everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.
(3)I will do it on condition you help me when I am in trouble.
unless
If
that
三、让步状语从句
让步状语从句表示让步关系。引导让步状语从句的连词通常可分为四类：
(1)基本连词：though、although、even though/if等；
(2)“特殊疑问词＋ever”类：
whatever、whichever、whoever、wherever、whenever、however等；
(3)“no matter＋特殊疑问词”类：no matter what/which/who/where/when/how等；
(4)其他：while、as、whether...or等。
—Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
——为什么人们都喜欢流行音乐呢？我非常讨厌它。
—Even though it is not your style, that doesn't mean it is bad.
——尽管它不是你喜欢的风格，但那并不意味着它就很差。
(2021 浙江高考)It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to.这是一项累人的工作，但我很期待薪水，尽管我不确定那会是多少。
All people, whether they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.　所有人，无论衰老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
【温馨提示】
(1)though引导的从句可以用倒装语序，也可以不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序：“表语/状语/动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他”，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。
Hot as/though the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
(2)although、though不可以与but连用，但可以和still、yet等连用。
Although everyone played well, we still lost the game.
尽管每个人都打得不错，但我们还是输了这场比赛。
(3)“特殊疑问词＋ever”引导让步状语从句时，可与“no matter＋特殊疑问词”互换；引导名词性从句时，不可与“no matter＋特殊疑问词”互换。
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。
【即学即练】一句多译
(1)不管任务多么艰巨，我们都会尽力按时完成的。
a． , we will try our best to complete it on time.
b． , we will try our best to complete it on time.
(2)尽管她尽力了，但她仍然无法避免作业中的错误。
a． , she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.
b． , she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.
However difficult the task may be
Although/Though she tries hard
Hard as/though she tries
No matter how difficult the task may be
四、地点状语从句
地点状语从句表示主句中某一动作或状态发生的地点或进行的方向，这类从句通常由where、wherever等连词引导，从句可放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。
where意为“在……地方”；wherever意为“在任何……地方”。
Put it wherever we can see it.
把它放在任何我们能看得到的地方。
Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
江苏位于“一带一路”的交汇处，将会为“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。
【即学即练】完成句子
(1)在你有疑问的地方做个标记。
Make a mark .
(2)无风不起浪。
, there is fire.
where you have any doubts or questions
Wherever there is smoke
五、原因状语从句
(1) because引导的原因状语从句一般置于主句后，because引导的从句位于句首时要用逗号将从句和主句分开；位于句末时，可不用逗号。because表示直接原因，语气最强，常用于回答以why开头的问句。
Because we have strong players, we win the game.
因为我们有很强的队员，所以我们赢得了比赛。
(2)since/now that引导原因状语从句一般置于主句之前，表示已知的、显然的理由(常意为“既然”)，较为正式，语气比because弱。
Since/Now that you are unable to answer, perhaps we should ask someone else.
既然你回答不了，也许我们应该问问其他人。
(3)as引导原因状语从句时，表示附带说明双方已知的原因，语气比because、since弱，较口语化，但位置较为灵活。
Education has always been a hot topic among parents as it is directly related to the future of their children.
教育一直是家长之间的热门话题，因为它直接关系到他们孩子的未来。
(4)in that (因为)、seeing that (鉴于)、considering that (考虑到)、when(既然)也可引导原因状语从句。
Seeing that it's raining, we'd better stay indoors.
既然下雨，我们最好待在室内。
【即学即练】用适当的连词填空/完成句子
(1)(2022 浙江高考)I felt so helpless and insecure the quality of my life was affected.
(2) he was not in the room, we left a message.
(3)既然你已经着手这项工作了，那就应该尽力完成它。
, you should try your best to finish it.
(4)考虑到你是一位有经验的运动员，我们决定将机会给你。
, we decide to give you the chance.
because
As
Now that you have set out to do the work
Considering that you are an experienced player
六、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词有so that、in order that、in case、for fear (that)等，并且目的状语从句的谓语常含有may、might、can、could、should、will、would等情态动词。
He had his camera ready in case he could see something that would make a good picture.
他准备好了照相机，以备看到一些他能够拍成好照片的东西。
【即学即练】完成句子
(1)为了能快点儿康复，她按时吃药。
She took medicine on time ．
(2)为了避免不合格，我正在努力学习。
I'm studying hard ．
in order that/so that she might get well soon
for fear that I should fail
七、结果状语从句
结果状语从句补充说明主句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生的结果。结果状语从句常由so that、so...that、such...that引导，通常位于主句之后。
(1)so that可引导结果状语从句，so that前有时会有逗号与主句隔开。
Mrs. Li just smiles, so that you don't feel completely stupid.
李老师只是笑笑，因此你不会感到自己非常笨拙。
(2)so...that引导结果状语从句，可构成以下结构：so＋形容词/副词＋that；so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that；so＋many/much/little/few＋名词＋that。
Kathy is so lovely that we all like to play with her.凯西很可爱，我们都喜欢和她玩。
There is so little time left that we have to speed up.剩下的时间不多了，我们必须加快速度。
(3)such...that引导结果状语从句，可构成以下结构： such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that; such＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋that；such＋形容词＋不可数名词＋that。
He is such a good teacher that we all respect him. 他是一位如此好的老师，我们都尊敬他。
It was such fine weather that they all went shopping. 天气这么好，他们都去买东西了。
【即学即练】一句多译
她是个如此可爱的小姑娘以至于大家都喜欢她。
(1)She is everyone likes her.
(2)She is everyone likes her.
(3)She is everyone likes her.
so pretty that
such a pretty girl that
so pretty a girl that
八、方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常由as if/as though、as引导。
I always read, using different voices, as if/though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it.
我总是用不同的声音阅读，就好像我在用我的声音表演故事，并且他们很喜欢。
Just as a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气很快就会好起来。
【温馨提示】
as if/though引导的从句如果与事实不相符，则从句用虚拟语气。
He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. 他讲起英语来就像他是个英国人似的。
【即学即练】完成句子
(1)你必须试着像我这样拿着工具。
You must try to hold the tool ．
(2)他谈起美国来就好像以前去过似的。
He talked about America ．
as I do
as if he had been there before
九、比较状语从句
比较状语从句常由as...as...、not so/as...as、than等引导。
He works as hard as his brother (does)． 他在工作上和他的哥哥一样努力。
The work is not so difficult as you imagine. 这个工作不像你想象的那么困难。
He moves more slowly than his sister (does)． 他行动起来比他妹妹更慢。
【温馨提示】
比较状语从句的谓语动词如果与主句的谓语动词一致，且为行为动词时，常用do/does/did代替，以免重复。
We have produced more coal this year than we did last year.
我们今年生产的煤要比去年生产的多。
【即学即练】
用适当的连词填空/完成句子
(1)However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive you are at this moment.
(2)她不如她的姐姐外向。
She is her sister ．
(3)房地产行业不再像以往那样繁荣了。
The real estate industry is no longer it used to be.
as prosperous as
not so/as outgoing as
than
十、状语从句的省略
在表示时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，且从句中谓语含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，构成“连词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/名词/形容词/副词”结构。
While (I was) walking on the street, I saw a double decker.
在街上走的时候，我看到了一辆双层公共汽车。
(2023 全国乙卷)They felt stressed while (they were) waiting for the sunset.
他们在等待日落时感到很紧张。
John won't come to your party unless (he is) invited.
如果没有受到邀请，约翰是不会参加你的聚会的。
He glanced about as if (he was) in search of something.
他向周围望了一眼，仿佛在寻找什么。
There are few tricycles in the city, if (there are) any. 这个城市里如果有三轮脚踏车，也很少。
You can communicate with your teacher when (it is) necessary.必要时你可以与你的老师交流一下。
【即学即练】 单句语法填空
(1)If (accept) for the job, you will be informed soon.
(2)While (pass) by the supermarket, I met my old friend.
(3) possible, please look up the word in the dictionary.
If
passing
accepted
Summary
Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空
1． we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
2．You won't get paid for time off you have a doctor's note.
3．Her parents made sacrifices so she could have a good education.
4．Some people think the festival is the happiest time of a year, even better than the Spring Festival, food gives people a sense of safety and hope.
5．After more than 40 years of reform and opening up, China still has a long way to go it becomes a “developed economy”．
If
that
because
unless
before
6．When the servants brought the steak, he took out a fork and began to eat people did in Italy.
7．Despite this, some people became so absorbed in the activity they completely forgot to look at the clock.
8．You should always strive to achieve more, well you have done before.
9．When you read the book, you'd better make a mark you have any questions.
10．Young the girl is，she is good at communicating with such a person.
as
however
where
that
as/though
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．无论他们走到哪里，都受到了当地人民的热烈欢迎。
, they were warmly welcomed by the local people.
2．他每一次来，都会给我带来好消息。
,he would bring me good news.
3．如果你继续练习的话，你将会提高你的英语口语水平。
You will improve your oral English ．
4．既然我们都是地球的一部分，我们每个人都应该尽力去保护它。
, everyone should try his best to protect it.
5．即使有很多困难，他也永远不会放弃。
He will never give up ．
Wherever they went
Every time he came
if you keep on practicing
even if there is much difficulty/trouble
Now that/Since we are all part of the globe
Goals determine what you are going to be.
人生的奋斗目标决定你将成为什么样的人。