人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection Learning about language 课件（共25张）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection Learning about language 课件（共25张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-11-17 15:32:17 | ||
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(共25张PPT)
Period 2 Learning About Language
Change the direct speech into the indirect speech
Unit 3 Environmental Protection
语法感知
感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题
(1)An expert said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.
(2)Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before.
(3)Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions，this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.
1.英语中常用两种方式引用别人说的话。一种是直接引述别人的原话，把它放在引号内，叫 引语；另一种是用自己的话转述别人说的话，叫 引语。
2.以上句子都是用自己的话转述别人的话，都是 引语。
直接
间接
间接
观察以下例句，总结直接引语变为间接引语的规则。
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
The expert said, "From the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.” The expert said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.
The reporter asked, "Will polar bears die out because of climate change " The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change.
The reporter asked, "How can we save polar bears from extinction " The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction.
“Let’s work together to stop climate change,” the expert said. The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.
Lead in
直接引语和间接引语
1. 基本概念
（1）直接引语：直接引述别人的话，把它放在引号内，叫直接引语。
（2）间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。
【名师点津】
直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等一般均要作相应的变化。
2. 人称的变化
（1）一随主：直接引语中出现的第一人称代词要按照引述动词的主语的人称变化。
She said，“I won’t be frustrated.” → She said that she wouldn’t be frustrated. 她说她不会沮丧的。
（2）二随宾：直接引语中出现的第二人称代词要按照引述动词的宾语的人称变化，若引述动词后没有宾语，也可用第一人称。
I told Mary，“We will protect you from infection.” → I told Mary we would protect her from infection.
我告诉玛丽我们会保护她不受感染。
（3）第三人称不更新：直接引语出现的第三人称代词一般不需要变化。
She said to me，“They want to decrease the amount of fat they eat.”
→ She told me that they wanted to decrease the amount of fat they ate.
她告诉我，他们想减少脂肪的摄入量。
直接引语变为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循以下原则。
句型转换
（1）“I will come and see you again this evening, Tom,”she said.
→ She told Tom that would go and see again that evening.
（2）He said to me, “You are wrong.”
→ He told me that was wrong.
（3）“Are you a soldier ” he asked.
→ He asked if/whether was a soldier.
she
I
him
I
即学即练
（4）He asked，“Where are you going to get off， John ”
→ He asked John where was going to get off.
（5）“I will come here again today，”she said.
→ She said that would go there again that day.
（6）He said，“I am living with my cousin.”
→ He said that was living with cousin.
he
she
he
his
3. 时态的变化
直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句为过去时态，则间接引语的时态相应向前推一个时态。如下表所示：
直接引语 间接引语
句子时态 一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
【名师点津】
（1）如果直接引语中有明确的表示过去时间的状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
My mother said to me，“The museum was completely transformed in 2020.”
→ My mother told me that the museum was completely transformed in 2020.
我母亲告诉我，图书馆在2020 年被彻底改造了。
（2）如果直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
The geography teacher said to us，“The earth travels around the sun.”
→ The geography teacher told us that the earth travels around the sun.
地理老师对我们说：“地球围绕太阳转。”
句型转换
（1）The teacher said，“You are doing OK.”
→ The teacher said that doing OK.
（2）He said，“I have written a novel.”
→He said that a novel.
（3）He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”
→ He said that go there to have a long holiday.
（4）The teacher said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
→ The teacher said that where there a will，there a way.
（5）Jane said，“Mary，where were you going when I met you on the bus ”
→Jane asked Mary where when she met her on the bus.
we were
he had written
she would
is is
she was going
即学即练
4.、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化
引语 用词 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this这个 that那个
these这些 those那些
时间状语 now现在 then那时
today今天 that day那天
this morning今天上午 that morning那天上午
tonight今天晚上 that night那天晚上
tomorrow明天 the next/following day第二天
时间状语 yesterday昨天 the day before前一天
last night昨天晚上 the night before前一天晚上
the day before yesterday前天 two days before两天前
three days ago三天前 three days before三天前
next week下一周 the next/following week第二周
ago(至今)以前 before(那时)以前
地点状语 here这儿 there那儿
方向性动词 bring带来 take带走
come来 go去
句型转换
（1）“I will come and help you tomorrow，John,” she said.
→ She told John that she would and help her .
（2）“I’ll come and see you again this evening,Tim.”he said.
→ He told Tim that he would go and see him again .
（3）Mr Harry asked,“John，have you passed the exam yesterday ”
→ Mr Harry asked John whether he had passed the exam .
（4）The old man said,“I like to talk with these young men.”
→ The old man said that he liked to talk with young men.
（5）She said to me,“I lived here five years ago.”
→ She told me she had lived five years .
the next day
that evening
the day before
those
there
go
before
即学即练
5 .句型的变化
（1）直接引语是陈述句，间接引语用连接词 that 引导，that 可省略。
(2023·全国甲卷) “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen.
→ The bear biologist Chris Servheen says (that) Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range.
熊生物学家Chris Servheen说灰熊正在重新占据它们以前活动范围的大片区域。
（2）直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语用 whether/if 引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序，谓语动词 say（said）改为 ask（asked）。
Mr Tonny said to me，“Are your injuries severe ”
→ Mr Tonny asked me if/whether my injuries were severe.
托尼先生问我伤势是否严重。
（3）直接引语是特殊疑问句，间接引语用原来的疑问词引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序。
Mary asked me，“When did the British prince become infected with the disease ”
→ Mary asked me when the British prince became infected with the disease.
玛丽问我这位英国王子是什么时候染上这种病的。
（4）直接引语是祈使句，间接引语变为 ask/tell/order sb.（not） to do sth. 句式。
He said，“Don’t subscribe to her view.” → He told me not to subscribe to her view. 他告诉我不要同意她的观点。
【注意】
祈使句中的 please 在间接引语中必须省略。
“Please pass me the pump，”he said to her. → He asked her to pass him the pump. 他请她把水泵递给他。
句型转换
（1）He said，“I’ve left my book in your room.”
→He told me he his book in my room.
（2）She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV ”
→She asked me I watching the advertisements on TV.
（3）“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad ” Bill asked.
→ Bill asked the ads for jobs abroad.
that had left
whether liked
where I had found
即学即练
（4）“What are you doing now ” Mom asked.
→Mom asked then.
（5）He said，“Please come here again tomorrow.”
→He again .
（6）He said，“Don’t make so much noise，boys.”
→ He told the boys so much noise.
what I was doing
asked me to go there the next day
not to make
Exercise
Ⅰ将下列间接引语变为直接引语
1.He asked the boy why he had been late again.
______________________________________________________________
2.He asked me to shut the window.
_______________________________________________________________
3.The doctor told me not to drink too much.
_______________________________________________________________
He asked the boy，“Why were you late again ”
He said to me，“Shut the window，please.”
The doctor said to me，“Don’t drink too much.”
4.The old man said that the boys over there were playing football.
_______________________________________________________________
5.The teacher told us that we would have an English test the next Saturday.
_______________________________________________________________
The old man said，“The boys over there are playing football.”
The teacher said to us，“We will have an English test next Saturday.”
Ⅱ.语法填空
Three months ago，I moved to Italy with my parents.One day，after playing badminton，I was about 1. (leave) the club when I saw Amma.She’s an old lady in her late 60s，and she is responsible 2.________
cleaning the floor of the club.
语篇解读 本文是记叙文。文中讲述作者把钱包里的所有钱都给了一位老
妇人治病的经历。
解析 考查非谓语动词。be about to do sth. 是固定搭配，表示“正要做某事”。
解析 考查介词的用法。be responsible for对……负责。
to leave
for
At that time，she asked the boss of the club 3. (give) her some cash.She told the boss that her hand 4. (be) in pain and she wanted to see the doctor.The boss gave her some excuses and escaped 5. (quick).
解析 考查非谓语动词。此处是间接引语。ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事。
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是间接引语。根据前面的told可知，此处用一般过去时；此处主语her hand为第三人称单数形式，故填was。
解析 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词，故用副词形式。
to give
was
quickly
I felt bad for her.6. I had never talked with Amma before，I walked to her and opened my wallet. I knew I didn’t have much money，but I gave her whatever I had in my wallet.In my 7. (break) Italian，I tried to say “Amma，please take the money and see a doctor”，but I didn’t know if my 8. ____________(express) was correct. She seemed to have understood me and said “Thank you！”.
解析 考查连词。此空与后一句存在逻辑上的让步关系，所以用Although/
Though/While引导让步状语从句。
解析 考查形容词。此处用形容词修饰名词，所以填broken。
解析 考查词性转换。my是形容词性物主代词，后接名词。expression n.表达。
Although/Though/While
broken
expression
When I went to a nearby restaurant for dinner，surprisingly I found one bill,9. was more than enough for my meal.10. next day，I came across Amma，and even though it was very dark in the street，she recognized me and waved to me.
解析 考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是one bill，所以此处填which。
解析 考查冠词的用法。此处指“以过去某个时间为起点的第二天”，故用the next day表达。
返 回
which
The
The deepest truths are the simplest and the most common.
最深刻的真理是最简单和最平凡的。
Period 2 Learning About Language
Change the direct speech into the indirect speech
Unit 3 Environmental Protection
语法感知
感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题
(1)An expert said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.
(2)Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before.
(3)Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions，this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.
1.英语中常用两种方式引用别人说的话。一种是直接引述别人的原话，把它放在引号内，叫 引语；另一种是用自己的话转述别人说的话，叫 引语。
2.以上句子都是用自己的话转述别人的话，都是 引语。
直接
间接
间接
观察以下例句，总结直接引语变为间接引语的规则。
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
The expert said, "From the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.” The expert said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.
The reporter asked, "Will polar bears die out because of climate change " The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change.
The reporter asked, "How can we save polar bears from extinction " The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction.
“Let’s work together to stop climate change,” the expert said. The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.
Lead in
直接引语和间接引语
1. 基本概念
（1）直接引语：直接引述别人的话，把它放在引号内，叫直接引语。
（2）间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。
【名师点津】
直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等一般均要作相应的变化。
2. 人称的变化
（1）一随主：直接引语中出现的第一人称代词要按照引述动词的主语的人称变化。
She said，“I won’t be frustrated.” → She said that she wouldn’t be frustrated. 她说她不会沮丧的。
（2）二随宾：直接引语中出现的第二人称代词要按照引述动词的宾语的人称变化，若引述动词后没有宾语，也可用第一人称。
I told Mary，“We will protect you from infection.” → I told Mary we would protect her from infection.
我告诉玛丽我们会保护她不受感染。
（3）第三人称不更新：直接引语出现的第三人称代词一般不需要变化。
She said to me，“They want to decrease the amount of fat they eat.”
→ She told me that they wanted to decrease the amount of fat they ate.
她告诉我，他们想减少脂肪的摄入量。
直接引语变为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循以下原则。
句型转换
（1）“I will come and see you again this evening, Tom,”she said.
→ She told Tom that would go and see again that evening.
（2）He said to me, “You are wrong.”
→ He told me that was wrong.
（3）“Are you a soldier ” he asked.
→ He asked if/whether was a soldier.
she
I
him
I
即学即练
（4）He asked，“Where are you going to get off， John ”
→ He asked John where was going to get off.
（5）“I will come here again today，”she said.
→ She said that would go there again that day.
（6）He said，“I am living with my cousin.”
→ He said that was living with cousin.
he
she
he
his
3. 时态的变化
直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句为过去时态，则间接引语的时态相应向前推一个时态。如下表所示：
直接引语 间接引语
句子时态 一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
【名师点津】
（1）如果直接引语中有明确的表示过去时间的状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
My mother said to me，“The museum was completely transformed in 2020.”
→ My mother told me that the museum was completely transformed in 2020.
我母亲告诉我，图书馆在2020 年被彻底改造了。
（2）如果直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
The geography teacher said to us，“The earth travels around the sun.”
→ The geography teacher told us that the earth travels around the sun.
地理老师对我们说：“地球围绕太阳转。”
句型转换
（1）The teacher said，“You are doing OK.”
→ The teacher said that doing OK.
（2）He said，“I have written a novel.”
→He said that a novel.
（3）He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”
→ He said that go there to have a long holiday.
（4）The teacher said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
→ The teacher said that where there a will，there a way.
（5）Jane said，“Mary，where were you going when I met you on the bus ”
→Jane asked Mary where when she met her on the bus.
we were
he had written
she would
is is
she was going
即学即练
4.、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化
引语 用词 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this这个 that那个
these这些 those那些
时间状语 now现在 then那时
today今天 that day那天
this morning今天上午 that morning那天上午
tonight今天晚上 that night那天晚上
tomorrow明天 the next/following day第二天
时间状语 yesterday昨天 the day before前一天
last night昨天晚上 the night before前一天晚上
the day before yesterday前天 two days before两天前
three days ago三天前 three days before三天前
next week下一周 the next/following week第二周
ago(至今)以前 before(那时)以前
地点状语 here这儿 there那儿
方向性动词 bring带来 take带走
come来 go去
句型转换
（1）“I will come and help you tomorrow，John,” she said.
→ She told John that she would and help her .
（2）“I’ll come and see you again this evening,Tim.”he said.
→ He told Tim that he would go and see him again .
（3）Mr Harry asked,“John，have you passed the exam yesterday ”
→ Mr Harry asked John whether he had passed the exam .
（4）The old man said,“I like to talk with these young men.”
→ The old man said that he liked to talk with young men.
（5）She said to me,“I lived here five years ago.”
→ She told me she had lived five years .
the next day
that evening
the day before
those
there
go
before
即学即练
5 .句型的变化
（1）直接引语是陈述句，间接引语用连接词 that 引导，that 可省略。
(2023·全国甲卷) “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen.
→ The bear biologist Chris Servheen says (that) Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range.
熊生物学家Chris Servheen说灰熊正在重新占据它们以前活动范围的大片区域。
（2）直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语用 whether/if 引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序，谓语动词 say（said）改为 ask（asked）。
Mr Tonny said to me，“Are your injuries severe ”
→ Mr Tonny asked me if/whether my injuries were severe.
托尼先生问我伤势是否严重。
（3）直接引语是特殊疑问句，间接引语用原来的疑问词引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序。
Mary asked me，“When did the British prince become infected with the disease ”
→ Mary asked me when the British prince became infected with the disease.
玛丽问我这位英国王子是什么时候染上这种病的。
（4）直接引语是祈使句，间接引语变为 ask/tell/order sb.（not） to do sth. 句式。
He said，“Don’t subscribe to her view.” → He told me not to subscribe to her view. 他告诉我不要同意她的观点。
【注意】
祈使句中的 please 在间接引语中必须省略。
“Please pass me the pump，”he said to her. → He asked her to pass him the pump. 他请她把水泵递给他。
句型转换
（1）He said，“I’ve left my book in your room.”
→He told me he his book in my room.
（2）She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV ”
→She asked me I watching the advertisements on TV.
（3）“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad ” Bill asked.
→ Bill asked the ads for jobs abroad.
that had left
whether liked
where I had found
即学即练
（4）“What are you doing now ” Mom asked.
→Mom asked then.
（5）He said，“Please come here again tomorrow.”
→He again .
（6）He said，“Don’t make so much noise，boys.”
→ He told the boys so much noise.
what I was doing
asked me to go there the next day
not to make
Exercise
Ⅰ将下列间接引语变为直接引语
1.He asked the boy why he had been late again.
______________________________________________________________
2.He asked me to shut the window.
_______________________________________________________________
3.The doctor told me not to drink too much.
_______________________________________________________________
He asked the boy，“Why were you late again ”
He said to me，“Shut the window，please.”
The doctor said to me，“Don’t drink too much.”
4.The old man said that the boys over there were playing football.
_______________________________________________________________
5.The teacher told us that we would have an English test the next Saturday.
_______________________________________________________________
The old man said，“The boys over there are playing football.”
The teacher said to us，“We will have an English test next Saturday.”
Ⅱ.语法填空
Three months ago，I moved to Italy with my parents.One day，after playing badminton，I was about 1. (leave) the club when I saw Amma.She’s an old lady in her late 60s，and she is responsible 2.________
cleaning the floor of the club.
语篇解读 本文是记叙文。文中讲述作者把钱包里的所有钱都给了一位老
妇人治病的经历。
解析 考查非谓语动词。be about to do sth. 是固定搭配，表示“正要做某事”。
解析 考查介词的用法。be responsible for对……负责。
to leave
for
At that time，she asked the boss of the club 3. (give) her some cash.She told the boss that her hand 4. (be) in pain and she wanted to see the doctor.The boss gave her some excuses and escaped 5. (quick).
解析 考查非谓语动词。此处是间接引语。ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事。
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是间接引语。根据前面的told可知，此处用一般过去时；此处主语her hand为第三人称单数形式，故填was。
解析 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词，故用副词形式。
to give
was
quickly
I felt bad for her.6. I had never talked with Amma before，I walked to her and opened my wallet. I knew I didn’t have much money，but I gave her whatever I had in my wallet.In my 7. (break) Italian，I tried to say “Amma，please take the money and see a doctor”，but I didn’t know if my 8. ____________(express) was correct. She seemed to have understood me and said “Thank you！”.
解析 考查连词。此空与后一句存在逻辑上的让步关系，所以用Although/
Though/While引导让步状语从句。
解析 考查形容词。此处用形容词修饰名词，所以填broken。
解析 考查词性转换。my是形容词性物主代词，后接名词。expression n.表达。
Although/Though/While
broken
expression
When I went to a nearby restaurant for dinner，surprisingly I found one bill,9. was more than enough for my meal.10. next day，I came across Amma，and even though it was very dark in the street，she recognized me and waved to me.
解析 考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是one bill，所以此处填which。
解析 考查冠词的用法。此处指“以过去某个时间为起点的第二天”，故用the next day表达。
返 回
which
The
The deepest truths are the simplest and the most common.
最深刻的真理是最简单和最平凡的。