人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit3 Sea exploration Using language 2课件（共50张）

(共50张PPT)
Unit 3 Sea Exploration
Using Language 2
Express your opinions on sea exploration
To analyze the arguments and evidence in the texts.
To express your opinions on sea exploration.
To learn to write an argumentative essay with the help of PEEL method.
Should the sea be explored
Read the two texts below and find the arguments
and evidence in them.
argument evidence
Exploration causes pollution. Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Plastic pollution
Mining for resources is damaging. It hurts the Arctic.
Burning fossil fuels adds to climate change.
Text 1
argument evidence
Overfishing is an issue. Whales and dolphins are hunted.
Banned, but some countries still doing it.
argument evidence
Sea exploration is important for our future. Scientific research ships can help address important issues like climate change.
Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. New medicines, food resources and energy.
Predict events such as earthquakes.
Text 2
argument evidence
We need new resources for future development. Vast amounts of resources may be under the sea and ice.
Look at the two charts below and decide which
one supports which text.
Text 2
Text 1
In groups, discuss the following questions and
take notes.
1. What is your opinion about sea exploration Do
you agree with one argument more than the other
I think sea exploration is a wonderful idea, because even if there are no immediate rewards for it, to explore and find out more about our world is always a good thing.
2. Has your opinion changed after reading the two texts
Why or why not
Yes, my opinion has changed. Before reading Text 1, I did not know that sea exploration could add to sea pollution, via deep sea drilling for example.
3. Are there any other aspects of sea exploration not mentioned that you think are important
We do not know what we don’t know; we need to explore the ocean so that we can better understand issues such as acidification which leads to seawater to become more acidic, and how to fight these problems; studying the ocean causes the creation of new technologies that can help us in other areas.
Based on your note, write an argumentative essay on sea exploration, expressing your opinions with supporting facts.
1) The following questions may help you.
What is the purpose of sea exploration
How does sea exploration help us to protect the sea
How does sea exploration cause damage to the sea
Is there a good balance between protection and exploitation
Homework
Point What point do you want to make
Evidence What facts and examples can you find to support
your point How reliable are the sources
Explanation Explain how the facts support your opinion and
show other opinions to be incorrect.
Link Connect this point to the next point, or back to the
main point of the essay or paragraph.
2) Use the PEEL method to help structure your argument.
Even though the oceans make up about 70% of the earth’s surface, more than 80% of the oceans remain unexplored. While some people say that we should not explore the oceans, their reasoning is not very sound. Exploring is not the same as exploiting. When we explore a place. We go just to see and understand what is there.
We should explore the ocean, first and foremost, because we do not know what we do not know. We thought we knew many about the ocean, but we were wrong. There could be life forms in the ocean, for example, that fit none of the neat categories we have for life while we have no clue that they even exist.
This brings up the second point. We already know many things about the ocean, but we need to learn more. A good example is ocean acidification.
We know that it is causing coral to die. We know that using less fossil fuel would cause the process to slow down. However, we need to learn more to find out how to stop it. We need more research to see what is going on, and to come up with plans and solutions.
Finally, to do this research, we have to enter an extreme environment not very friendly to humans. This requires the development of new technologies that can also benefit us in other areas. For example, in many ways, the deep ocean resembles outer space.
The technologies can benefit each other. For another instance, the technology of a mechanical arm to collect samples with has been used in factories and development of artificial limbs for humans.
All in all, there are many good reasons to explore the oceans. If we care about science, about protecting our oceans, and about developing new technologies, we need to do all we can to support ocean exploration.
exploit sth．to do sth．利用某事做某事
exploit sb.with sth.用······剥削某人
exploitation n.开发；利用；剥削
exploiter n. 开发者；剥削者
1.exploit vt．开发；利用；剥削
When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it. 当人们谈论更多地探索海洋时，他们通常意味着开发它。
【归纳拓展】
【即学即用】单句语法填空
①You must exploit every opportunity ____________(learn) new things.
② The controlled ____________(exploit) of sea resources can protect many species.
③Children must go to school, not be financially___________ (exploit).
to learn
exploitation
exploited
Although this was banned in 1982,some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
尽管早在1982年就已禁止,但有的国家仍无情地 “谋杀”这些聪明的动物。
merciful adj. 仁慈的；宽大的
be merciful to/ towards sb. 对某人仁慈
2. mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
【归纳拓展】
【即学即用】用适当的介词填空
①They showed mercy ________ their enemies.
② The ship was ________ the mercy of the storm.
③She got on her knees and begged ________ mercy.
on
at
for
mercy
短语
at the mercy of 任……处置;
对……无能为力; 任由……摆布
beg for mercy 恳请宽恕
have mercy on/upon sb.
对某人表示怜悯
show mercy to sb. 对某人表示怜悯
without mercy 无情地
The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions.
海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的私产。
3.possession n.个人财产；拥有；控制
be in possession of 拥有......（主语为人）
be in the possession of (sb)= be in one’s possession（某物）被 （某人）拥有
come into one’s possession 为某人所拥有
take / come into possession of 占有；拥有
possess v. 占有，拥有；控制，支配。
【归纳拓展】
【即学即用】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）
① 这伙人被逮住了，人赃俱获。
The gang was caught ________ ________ ________
stolen goods.
② 离开宾馆时请记得随身携带好你的私人物品。
Please remember to take all your ________ ___________
with you when you leave the hotel.
③ 杰克是个好孩子，他有很多好品质。
Jack is a good boy and _______ _______ _______ ________.
in possession of
personal possessions
possesses many good qualities
4．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt．逮捕；拘留；阻止
A ＄5 million reward has been announced for information leading to the arrest of those responsible for the murder．
政府宣布悬赏500万美元捉拿这起谋杀案的凶手。
under arrest 被捕
make an arrest 展开拘捕行动
arrest sb. for doing 因.......逮捕某人
arrest one’s attention 引起......的注意
【归纳拓展】
【即学即用】单句语法填空
①Several days ago, Fox___________ (arrest) during a protest against a new fuel pipeline.
②The murderer was ___________arrest in a small village.
③His son was arrested ___________stealing cars.
was arrested
under
for
Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
尽管早在1982年就已禁止，但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的动物。
【句式分析】本句是一个复合句。some countries are...是主句；although=though是从属连词，意为“虽然……;尽管……”，引导让步状语从句。
句子结构
(1)用作连词
表示“虽然”，两者大致同义，可换用，只是 although 比 though 更为正式。
Though/Although it was raining, we went outside.
(2)用作副词
although一般不用作副词，而 though 可用作副词，且一般放在句末(不放在句首)，意为“可是；不过”。
It’s hard work; I enjoy it though.
(3)用于习语
在 as though(好像，仿佛)、even though(即使，纵然)等固定短语中不能用 although。
He is an honest man, I must say, even though I don’t like him.
(4)用于倒装
though引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式(注意：倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词)，但 although 一般不这样用。
Child though he was, he did quite well.
【即学即用】单句语法填空
① We will try our best to make it ________ though it is
hard work.
② He nodded ________ though he knew everything
about it.
even
as
　Writing—An argumentative essay on sea exploration
写作训练 弄清文路 写作妙笔生花
技法点拨 文体分析 把握写作动脉
本单元的写作任务是辩论性议论文。一般包括四段：
第一段——说明辩论的主题；
第二段——表明正方的观点及其理由；
第三段——表明反方的观点及其理由；
第四段——陈述自己的观点。
(有时也可以分为三段：第一段说明辩论的主题；第二段表明正方和反方的观点及理由；第三段表明作者自己的观点。)
技 法 点 拨
文体分析 把握写作动脉
介绍讨论的主题(开头句)：
1.We had a discussion about whether it is necessary to...
2.We’ve had a survey on...
3.I’m writing to tell you about a discussion we have had about...
过渡句：
1.Opinions are divided on this issue.
2.Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
3.Different people，however，have different opinions/think quite differently on this matter.
介绍正方观点：
1.45% of the students hold the view that...For one thing，...For another thing，...
2.60% of the students are for the idea.
介绍反方观点：
On the contrary/However/As the old saying goes，each coin has two sides.Nearly half of the students think that...On one hand，...on the other hand，...
返 回
　　当前，随着陆地资源短缺、人口膨胀、环境恶化等问题的日益严峻，各沿海国家纷纷把目光投向海洋，加快了对海洋的探索研究和开发利用。一场以开发海洋为标志的“蓝色革命”正在世界范围内兴起。海洋资源的开发利用，在很大程度上推动了经济的发展，满足了人类向海洋要效益的愿望，但在海洋开发探索迅速升温的同时，海洋资源也正承受着前所未有的压力。
写 作 训 练
弄清文路 写作妙笔生花
　　假设你是李华，最近你班就“人类是否应该进行海洋探索”进行了讨论。请根据讨论结果，写一封80词左右的信给某英文报社的编辑来报道此事。
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
1.获取更多的海底资源；
2.提高对地球上生命的理解。 1.造成海洋污染，导致海洋生物死亡；
2.破坏生态系统。 ……
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
审题
　　写作要求是阐述“人类是否应该进行海洋探索”的讨论结果，写作时应注意下面几点：
1.确定文体：这是一篇议论文。写作时要注意议论文的写作特点。
2.主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。
3.主体人称：由于是关于“人类是否应该进行海洋探索”的话题，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。
谋篇
第一段：说明讨论的话题——人类是否应该进行海洋探索；
第二段：说明正方和反方的观点及理由；
第三段：表明自己的观点。
核心词汇
1.执行 _________
2.支持 ________________
3.也，又，还 ________
4.反对 _________________
5.导致 ______
6.造成生态系统破坏 _________________________
carry out
in favour of/be for
as well as
be against/object to
lead to
cause ecosystem destruction
连词成句
1.海洋探索有可能让人们发现新的药物。
Sea exploration new medicines.
2.海洋探索也有可能让人们发现新的食物和能源。
Sea exploration new sources of food and energy.
3.海洋探索可能会导致海洋污染。
Sea exploration might marine pollution.
4.海洋污染最终导致海洋生物死亡。
Marine pollution finally .
has made it possible for people to discover
has also made it possible for people to discover
bring about
leads the ocean creatures to death
5.海洋探索可能有助于增进我们对地球上生命的了解。
Sea exploration might help .
6.科技进步了。
7.我们可能有更多的选择来管理这种平衡。
We may this balance.
improve our understanding of the life on the earth
Technology improves.
have more options for managing
句式升级
1.请把第1、2句话按下面括号内的提示词合成一句话。
(1)Sea exploration has made it possible for people to discover .(not only...but also...)
(2)Sea exploration has made it possible for people to discover new medicines
.(as well as)
2.请把第3、4句话按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。
Sea exploration might bring about marine pollution， .(which引导非限制性定语从句)
3.请把第6、7句话用主从复合句合成一句话。
，we may have more options for managing this balance.
not only new sources of food and energy but also new medicines
as well as new sources of food and energy
which finally leads the
ocean creatures to death
As technology improves
　　用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。
参考范文
Dear Editor，
　　Recently our class has had a discussion about
whether sea exploration
should be carried out.
　　Some of the students are in favour of sea exploration.They say sea exploration has made it possible for people to discover new medicines as well as new sources of food and energy.Others are against it.Although sea exploration might help improve our understanding of the life on the earth，it might bring about marine pollution，which finally leads the ocean creatures to death.It also might cause ecosystem destruction.
Yours，
Li Hua
返 回
　　Personally，sea exploration should be balanced with economic needs.Hopefully，as technology improves，we may have more options for managing this balance.
词汇清单
核心短语
应用词汇：1. exploit:exploit sth．to do sth,exploit sb.with sth,exploitation n. explorer n.
2.mercy:be merciful to/ towards, have mercy on/upon sb,show mercy to sb.
3. possession:be in possession of ,be in the possession of (sb.)= be in one’s possession
4. arrest: arrest sb. for doing, arrest one’s attention
without mercy, be home to, take action, as well as, vast amounts of, look into one’s eyes, be closely connected to, all of a sudden,first of all, a variety of, because of
认知词汇：directory, meanwhile, gallon, opponent, log, marine, arrest
拓展词汇：exploit→exploitation, murder→murderer, mercy→merciful→mercifully
possession→possess
Summary
Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.(本句是一个复合句。some countries are...是主句；although=though是从属连词，意为“虽然……;尽管……”，引导让步状语从句。
)
重点句式
Exercise
I.单句语法填空
1. Our English teacher is a_________ (mercy) woman, and she seldom criticises us.
2.Repairing our____________ (possess) and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
3. Although Ross Sea is abundant in species, it is in danger of ____________ (exploit) by humans.
4.We were just talking ______the most exciting football match es that we had ever watched recently.
5. The technology is so advanced that it is being used across_______ wide variety of professions.
merciful
possessions
exploitation
of
a
6. It is said that vast amounts _____money have spent on the project.
7.More sea ice is melting, ______means the polar bears are moving into new areas to find food.
8.Pandas are native to China. In other words, China is home_____ pandas.
9. We looked_____ each other’s eyes, smiled and agreed.
10. It is exciting to be connected ______the powerful Olympic brand and to get close to star athletes.
of
which
to
into
to
II.短语填空
first of all; because of; as well as; a variety of;without mercy
1. The hunters hunt and kill the elephants for their valuable tusks_____________.
2. _____________helping the homeless,the organisation also collects money for those poorwomen.
3. To keep fit,_____________ ,we should have a healthy and balanced diet.
4. More and more workers are getting ill ____________high levels of stress at work.
5.The centre provides _________________activities, and you can choose some you like.
without mercy
As well as
first of all
because of
a variety of
Ⅲ.完成句子
1. The typhoon struck our town last August, ____________________________
crops and buildings.
去年8月份台风袭击了我们的小镇，对农作物和建筑物造成了巨大破坏。
2. It's important to preserve the ancient houses ________future generations can understand the journey we've taken.
保护古老的房屋是很重要的，这样子孙后代才能了解我们走过的旅程。
3. He helps many of his students____________stay in school _______take part in international science and engineering competitions.
他帮助他的许多学生不仅留在学校，而且还参加国际科学和工程竞赛。
causing great damage to
so that
but also
not just
4.Alice decided to _________ and start her own zero-waste grocery delivery service in New York City.
爱丽丝决定采取行动，在纽约市开始了她自己的零废物杂货店送货服务。
5. There are lots of tall trees in this forest, ________________________
more than 90 metres.
这片森林里有很多高大的树，有些高达90多米。
take action
some measuring
Actions speak louder than words.
行动胜于言行。