动词用法辨析 专题练 2025年高考英语一轮复习备考

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动词用法辨析 专题练
2025年高考英语一轮复习备考
一、单项选择
1．Having separated from his family for a long time, a postcard from his parents __________ his homesickness.
A．set off B．lay aside C．provide for D．bring forward
2．Since Tom is good at ______ stories, I think he will be a good novelist in the future.
A．turning up B．taking up C．showing up D．making up
3．At a recent seminar, many participants were worried about the fact that overpopulation may ______ many social security problems.
A．give ear to B．give rise to C．give place to D．give attention to
4．Thanks to the policy of poverty alleviation, children in remote mountain areas can ______ basic education.
A．account for B．be aware of C．have access to D．be relevant to
5．Spicy food tastes delicious, but it does not ______me
A．agree on B．agree to C．agree with D．agree at
6．What will remain of us when artificial intelligence ______will be our creativity.
A．drops out B．takes over C．falls away D．breaks away
7．On arriving in Athens from Marathon, the messenger whose legs collapsed on the spot, ________ the victory news and entirely exhausted himself.
A．left out B．gave out C．held out D．turned out
8．The US government’s immigration policy has ______ fierce debate.
A．taken off B．brought up C．built up D．set off
9．Jasper has________ “No Parking” signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect.
A．put on B．put down C．put out D．put up
10．Some of these non-native fish escaped into other waterways. They can bully ecosystems, quickly ________.
A．switching off B．taking over C．bouncing around D．turning up
11．He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of at a hotel for the night.
A．putting down B．putting up C．putting away D．putting out
12．A big fire ______last night. Luckily, no one was injured.
A．broke through B．broke out C．broke into D．broke away
13．— How about your life abroad
— A little hard, but I’ll try my best to ______it.
A．be busy with B．stay away from C．get used to D．look up to
14．What will remain of us when artificial intelligence will be our creativity.
A．takes over B．drops out C．falls away D．breaks away
15．I was pleased, of course —adoptions were always what __________ my soul —but I chalked it up to a lucky break for one black kitten.
A．snuggled B．throbbed C．highlighted D．nourished
二、语法填空
16．The app keeps you (update) on all your favorite topics and current events. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17．People (panic) and fled in all directions when they heard a deafening explosion in the street corner. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18．The Confucian Analects or The Analects (论语) is a collection of the sayings and teachings of Confucius and his disciples (门徒). It (compile) in the early Warring States Period, over 70 years after the death of Confucius, from the notes that his disciples took according to the answer to their questions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
19．The (shade) areas showing us where the houses will be built can be distinguished from the surrounding areas on the map. (所给词的适当形式填空)
20．The secretary had no option but (resign) from the job after giving away the secret of the company. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21．When she (spot) such abandoned goods, she put a pair of eyeball-shaped stickers on them before publishing notes on her social media accounts, and guiding others to pick them up from the streets. （所给词的适当形式填空）
22．Not only students but also their teacher (object) to the plan. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23．She went on working though (blame)by the manager. （所给词的适当形式填空）
24．She (persuade) me to join the poetry and lit in me a fire for literature. （所给词的适当形式填空）
25．The boy can (memory) the data easily. (所给词的适当形式填空)
26．They broke my windows and (threat) me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27．Eventually sixty-seven panda-specific protected areas (represent) 70 percent of the species’ range were established. （所给词的适当形式填空）
28．We had planned to with the supplier about the price of the products but he made it clear that the price was not so we had to end our .(negotiate) (所给词的适当形式填空)
29．The books which were written by Zhou Meisen, a famous writer in Jiangsu, (sell) well. （所给词的适当形式填空）
30．Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies such as procrastination, impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness (involve) more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
参考答案：
1．A
A. set off引起，激起；B. lay aside放置一边；C. provide for供养，赡养；D. bring forward提出。由“Having separated from his family for a long time, a postcard from his parents”和“his homesickness”可知，句子表示“与家人久别之后，父母寄来的一张明信片勾起了他的思乡之情”，空格处意为“引起，激起”，故选A。
2．D
A.turning up出现；B.taking up占用；C.showing up到场；D.making up编造。根据“I think he will be a good novelist in the future”可知，此处是指汤姆擅长编故事。故选D。
3．B
A. give ear to倾听；B. give rise to引起，导致；C. give place to让位给；D. give attention to注意。由overpopulation和many social security problems可知，句子表示“许多与会者担心人口过剩可能会导致许多社会安全问题”，空格处意为“导致”，故选B。
4．C
A.account for 解释；B.be aware of 意识到：C. have access to具有使用某物或接触某人的权利或机会; D. be relevant to与…有关。根据上文“Thanks to the policy of poverty alleviation”可知，偏远山区的儿童可以接受基础教育。故选C项。
5．C
A.agree on就...达成一致；B. agree to 同意（观点）；C.agree with（气候、食物等）适合于；D.agree at无此短语。根据“Spicy food tastes delicious”可知，辛辣的食物不合我的胃口。故选C项。
6．B
A. drops out退出；B.takes over接管，控制； C. falls away消失； D. breaks away与……决裂。 根据“What will remain of us”可知，此句假设AI控制世界后我们的情况。故选B。
7．B
A. left out遗漏；B. gave out发出，宣布；C. held out伸出；D. turned out结果是。分析句意可知，此处缺主句的谓语动词，且后接宾语“胜利的消息”，使用动词短语give out“宣布”符合语境。故选B项。
8．D
A. taken off起飞；B. brought up抚养成人；C. built up逐渐发展；D. set off引发。根据“fierce debate”可知，此处是指引发了激烈的争论。故选D。
9．D
A. put on穿上；B. put down放下；C. put out熄灭；D. put up张贴。根据后文““No Parking” signs”指张贴标志，故选D。
10．B
A. switching off关闭； B. taking over接管，占上风； C.bouncing around蹦蹦跳跳；D.turning up 出场，出现。这里指的是这些外来鱼类可能会在其他水域中占据主导地位，破坏生态系统。take over意味着取得控制权或支配地位，与句子的语境相符合，故选B项。
11．B
A. putting down镇压；B. putting up张贴，搭建，留宿；C. putting away收拾好；D. putting out扑灭。根据“drive all the way home instead of ___at a hotel ”可知，此处表示不投宿旅馆。故选B。
12．B
A. broke through突破；B. broke out爆发（指战争、火灾、疾病等）；C. broke into突然进入；D. broke away逃离。根据空前A big fire可知，此处指爆发了一场火灾。故选B项。
13．C
A. be busy with忙于；B. stay away from离……远点，躲避……；C. get used to习惯于；D. look up to尊敬；敬仰。根据“A little hard, but I’ll try my best to”可知，会尽力习惯于去适应国外的生活。故选C。
14．A
A. takes over接管，控制；B. drops out退出； C. falls away消失； D. breaks away与……决裂。 根据“What will remain of us”可知，句作假设了AI控制世界后我们的情况。故选A。
15．D
A. snuggled偎依；B. throbbed抽痛，悸动；C. highlighted突出，强调；D. nourished滋养。根据“I was pleased”和“but I chalked it up to a lucky break for one black kitten”可知，此处表示收养能滋养心灵。故选D。
16．updated
此处update与you构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填updated。
17．panicked
由and fled可知，句子时态是一般过去时，and前后时态一致，因此空格处是过去式panicked。故填panicked。
18．was compiled
It指代上文提到的The Analects，与谓语动词compile是被动关系，讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填was compiled。
19．shaded
空处修饰名词areas，需用非谓语动词作定语，shade和areas为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填shaded。
20．to resign
此处上文为短语have no option but do sth.表示“别无选择，只得……”。故填to resign。
21．spotted
空处应填谓语动词，由句意知此处陈述过去事情，应用一般过去时。故填spotted。
22．objects
此空为句子的谓语，结合句意可知，此处描述的是客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，object与句子主语Not only students but also their teacher之间为主动关系，且“not only…but also…”连接并列主语时，谓语动词单复数形式使用就近原则，所以，该句中谓语动词的单复数形式取决于their teacher，谓语动词应为objects。故填objects。
23．blamed
这里考查though引导的让步状语从句的省略结构，省略了从句的主语和be动词，所以完整的从句是though she was blamed by the manager，blame和主语she之间是被动的关系。故填blamed。
24．persuaded　
根据该句中的“lit in me a fire for literature”可知，此处表述的是过去发生的事情。另外连词and连接了两个并列的谓语动词，所以需要保持时态的一致性。故填persuaded。
25．memorize
考查动词。句意：这个男孩能很容易地记住这些数据。根据空前的can可知，空处应用动词原形。memorize意为“记忆，记住”，为及物动词。故填memorize。
26．threatened
考查动词和时态。句意：他们打破我的窗户并且威胁我。分析句子可知，空处应为动词，与“broke”并列作谓语，故应为过去式；threaten为动词，表示“威胁”，符合句意。故填threatened。
27．representing
考查非谓语动词。句意：最终建立了67个熊猫保护区，占该物种活动范围的70%。分析句子结构可知represent与逻辑主语area构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，修饰areas。故填representing。
28． negotiate negotiable negotiation
考查动词、形容词和名词。句意：我们原计划与供应商就产品价格进行谈判，但他明确表示价格不可谈判，所以我们不得不结束谈判。第一空前有不定式符号to，所以应用动词原形negotiate，意为“谈判，协商”，为不及物动词。第二空作表语，应用形容词negotiable，意为“可协商的”。第二空作end的宾语，应用名词negotiation，意为“协商，谈判”。故答案为negotiate；negotiable；negotiation。
29．sell
考查动词语态。句意：这些书是由江苏著名作家周梅森写的，卖得很好。提示词在句中作谓语动词，sell用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。句子的主语“The books which were written by Zhou Meisen”是复数，故填sell。 |
30．involves
考查主谓一致。句意：打破根深蒂固的习惯倾向，如拖延、不耐烦、挑剔或自私，这些违反了人类效率的基本原则，需要的不仅仅是一点意志力和生活中的一些小改变。分析句子结构可知，本句是that引导的定语从句，主句中缺少谓语，所以involve做本句谓语，主语是Breaking，为第三人称单数，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填involves。
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