阅读理解 原创题组练(一)
A
Professor David G.Evans,65,an Oxford University graduate who has been teaching chemistry in Beijing for nearly three decades,has broken out of campus life to become an Internet star in China.
The original intention from academic to online celebrity resulted from his mission to inspire the general public with the wonders of chemistry by making science accessible and fun.On the short-video app Kuaishou,his videos of chemical experiments have attracted nearly 10 million followers.“The most important thing is not which reaction you choose to show,but how you present the material to make it interesting and to spread some knowledge,” he said.“I want to use the Internet to awake their interest in chemistry.”
Evans,known on social media as Dr Dai from his Chinese name Dai Wei,has been in Beijing since 1996.But his interest in China dates back to his childhood in Britain.He wanted to learn more about China,just as he did chemistry.He took up a teaching post there—what he called a “once in a lifetime opportunity”.When he found the campus lab couldn’t contain his devotion to chemistry,he decided to expand his focus,taking science out to the public.“In this era,we are all bombed with information,” he said.“How do you actually sort out what is true and what is false Everybody these days needs to think in a scientific way.”
Evans sees his efforts to popularize science as a supplement to China’s education system,where he finds some students are fed up with textbooks and longing for more practical,hands-on experience.So far,he has visited more than 300 cities across China,delivering chemistry lessons in schools,science museums and other venues.
His efforts have paid off.“Hopefully,I can give students a chance to actually see the beauty of chemistry,and some of them may actually be inspired to become scientists,” he said.For his contributions in China,Evans was presented the Friendship Award,the highest honor in China for foreigners,in 2001.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述英国的埃文斯教授心系中国,普及化学知识,唤醒民众对科学的兴趣,自己也赢得了友谊奖的事情。
1.What’s Evans’ purpose of giving lessons on social media
A.To solve the students’ problems.
B.To draw the public’s wide attention.
C.To popularize the science of chemistry.
D.To sell his new works on chemistry.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The original intention from academic to online celebrity resulted from his mission to inspire the general public with the wonders of chemistry by...”可知,埃文斯之所以爆红网络,是因为他想普及化学科学知识。
2.Why did Evans call the post a “once in a lifetime opportunity”
A.He valued his job.
B.He took up teaching once.
C.The opportunity was easy to get.
D.Chemistry was his lifetime career.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段描述,埃文斯从童年时代就渴望来中国,了解中国。他来北京得到了教职。他不满足于校内,走出校门,向大众传播化学知识,渴望唤醒更多的人对化学的兴趣。由此可推知,他非常珍惜工作岗位,将得到这一岗位视作千载难逢的机会。
3.What do the students expect to do according to Evans
A.Recite textbooks.
B.Participate actively.
C.Do large exercises.
D.Visit museums.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段“...some students are fed up with textbooks and longing for more practical,hands-on experience.”可知,在埃文斯看来,学生厌倦了书本,渴求实用的实践知识,希望积极参与。
4.What is the text mainly about
A.China’s education system.
B.A chemistry lesson in schools.
C.Friendship between Britain and China.
D.A chemistry online hit in China.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。文章开宗明义,指出埃文斯教授走出校门,成了互联网明星。接下来叙述他在网络或走街串巷,演示化学实验,最终不负众望,让学生们领略到化学的美,也因此获得了友谊奖。
B
Does work ever leave you feeling unchanged with limited opportunities to be creative To fly high,you might want to increase your brain’s flexibility.But is this even possible,and if so,how
Most jobs require the ability to solve problems and cope with challenges,at least to a certain extent.Imagine a teacher who has a new and very nervous student in their class.If that teacher is a flexible thinker,they will be able to adapt their classroom management,even if they haven’t seen this situation before.According to Leonard Mlodinow,author of Elastic,flexible thinkers rely on idea generation and imagination—they are willing to experiment and take risks.“Flexible thinking is what you need when the circumstances change,and you are dealing with something new.It’s not about following rules.” Therefore,instead of following the typical procedure for inducting a new student,the teacher might come up with a tailored response,based on prediction and previous experience.
So,how can you become a more flexible thinker According to Dr Lisa Feldman Barrett,it’s all about exercising the brain.One way of doing this,she says,is through exposure to a variety of experiences which make it easier to adjust to new situations.A lot of companies now consider flexible thinking in the workplace,especially when it comes to design.Workspaces may have couches where workers can lie down and relax,giving them the space to come up with and process new ideas.Mlodinow says it’s very important to take time to daydream,listen to ideas and concepts you disagree with and spend time doing activities outside of your comfort zone.This will help you understand multiple points of view and therefore blossom in many different aspects of your career.
So,if you want to make a change,you can become a flexible thinker too,with a little practice.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论在工作和生活中的弹性思维及其培养路径。
5.Why does the author mention the teacher in paragraph 2
A.To indicate teachers are more flexible.
B.To explain teachers are highly-paid.
C.To prove the job faces little challenges.
D.To show the job requires problem-solving skills.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。第二段首句为主题句,指出很多工作需要解决问题和应对挑战的能力,然后以教师职业为例作为观点的支撑。
6.What does the underlined word “tailored” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Fixed. B.Suitable.
C.Permanent. D.Designed.
答案 B
解析 词句猜测题。根据画线词上下文可知,此处指教师可能基于预测和以往经验想出一个合适的反应,tailored意思是“合适的”。
7.What is crucial for flexible thinkers
A.Following fixed rules.
B.Lying down and sleep.
C.Adjusting to new surroundings.
D.Being exposed to various dangers.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段“...which make it easier to adjust to new situations.”可知,对于拥有弹性思维的人来说,通过调适周围环境来提高自己的变通能力是关键。
8.What can be inferred about flexible thinking from the text
A.It can be trained by experiencing more.
B.It leads people to step into comfort zone.
C.It encourages people to perform the routine.
D.It emphasizes the risks of processing new ideas.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段陈述可推知,要想拥有弹性思维,可以通过锻炼大脑、更多的体验、灵活调适环境等方式获取。
C
One of the most important products of the architectural spirit is the Craftsman home.It emerged at the turn of the 20th century out of the American Craftsman movement.While late 19th-century Victorian homes showed off the advances of American manufacturing through ostentatious(装饰豪华的) details and decoration,the American Craftsman movement emphasized individualistic,hand-worked goods and buildings.It was a return to the beauty of natural materials and forms,and an encouragement of personal talent.
Craftsman architecture became popular throughout the American Midwest and Southern California,with architects like Myron Hunt,Henry and,most famously,Frank Lloyd Wright headlining the movement and putting their own stamp on the style.
Although they may vary a bit by region,you can usually identify a Craftsman home from the outside by its roof that extends past the home’s walls.Craftsman homes have plenty of open space and windows to allow natural lighting,and are designed for easy construction,and tend to have a small footprint of only one or two stories.The second story is often nestled under the roof.Unlike the steeply pitched gables of Victorian homes,Craftsman homes have less pronounced,softer pitches on their roofs.They may have large single dormers above windows or even feature stained glass windows.Craftsman homes commonly use natural building materials like wood,stucco,stone,or brick.
Craftsman homes are popular.They are fairly common,often architecturally interesting,and provide a functional layout that appeals to many people.Many Craftsman homes also have some historic appeal,especially if they’re well-maintained.If you’re looking for a lot of living space and many bedrooms and bathrooms,a Craftsman home might not be for you.But if you’re looking for a home that is simple,practical,and interesting,a Craftsman home is worth checking out.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了20世纪初出现的Craftsman house,强调人与自然的和谐。
9.What did the American Craftsman movement focus on
A.Personalized lifestyle.
B.Luxury interior decoration.
C.Harmony between human and nature.
D.Advanced technology in house building.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While late 19th-century Victorian homes...an encouragement of personal talent.”可知,19世纪晚期的维多利亚式住宅通过奢华的细节和装饰展示了美国制造业的进步,而美国工匠运动则强调个人主义、手工制作的商品和建筑。这是对自然材料和形式之美的回归,也是对个人才能的鼓励。
10.Which is the characteristics of a Craftsman home
A.Being easy to build.
B.Narrow living area.
C.Being open to the air.
D.Windows without lights.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Craftsman homes have plenty of...only one or two stories.”可知,工匠之家有足够的开放空间和窗户,允许自然采光,设计便于施工,往往占地面积小,只有一到两层。
11.Why are the Victorian homes mentioned twice in the text
A.To give examples.
B.To explain a theory.
C.To present a concept.
D.To make comparisons.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“While late 19th-century Victorian homes...emphasized individualistic,hand-worked goods and buildings.”和第三段中的“Unlike the steeply pitched gables of Victorian homes,Craftsman homes have less pronounced,softer pitches on their roofs.”可知,两次提及维多利亚式的建筑风格都是为了对比,以解释说明新式工匠之家的建筑特色。
12.Who is the text intended for
A.Scientists. B.House buyers.
C.Architects. D.Historians.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。最后一段中的“If you’re looking for a lot of...worth checking out.”可知,如果你想要很大的生活空间和很多卧室和浴室,工匠之家可能不适合你。但如果你正在寻找一个简单、实用、有趣的家,Craftsman是值得一试的。本文目的是为了解释工匠之家的建筑特色,为购房者提供帮助。原创题组练(二)
A
A World Of Wonders
From the pyramids of Giza to the Colossus of Rhodes,Bettany Hughes explores some of the world’s most thrilling landscapes.In a landscape that values convenience and quick-fire progress over all else,it’s a treat to look into the BCE years and discover the astonishing accomplishments of leaders and kings long,long dead,some of which still puzzle the modern mind.
Hughes takes us through each of the Seven Ancient Wonders,not only wondering at the construction and grandness but,perhaps more interestingly,the experiences of those who imagined,built and enjoyed them.
This is not a book to be quickly swallowed,but enjoyed in delicious pieces,regularly glancing from the page to inform whomever is in close proximity(接近) of the curiosities illustrated:“Did you know the Temple of Artemis was destroyed and rebuilt three times,each more impressive than the last ” or,“Did you know that when the Pyramid of Giza was built,it was a waterside feature,and the Egyptian landscape was green ”
Thoroughly researched and cited,Hughes also appears to have visited many of the locations,even those we can’t be sure of,and this first-hand accounting adds a much-needed element of engagement to the otherwise fact- and date-heavy narrative.Recounting the unpleasant smell of bat dung(夜明砂) while crawling through pyramid passageways,doing her own on-foot detective work at Rhodes to discover the location of the Colossus,you can imagine her,not in a dusty library but putting on an Indiana Jones style hat and adventuring for numerous legendary treasures.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者推荐Bettany Hughes关于古代奇迹的一本书。
1.What does Hughes focus on in writing
A.Quick-fire progress.
B.Common sense.
C.Ancient wonders.
D.Modern minds.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“In a landscape that values ...which still puzzle the modern mind.”及第二段可知,在人们追求便利和短时间爆火的今天,Hughes的作品专注于探索发现古代帝王之谜,实属难能可贵。她带领我们穿越古代七大奇迹,不仅仅是宏伟的建筑,而且关注其中相关的人物。故选C项。
2.What can we learn about Hughes
A.She prefers to describe delicious food.
B.She is fond of questioning the truth.
C.She is used to working in a dusty library.
D.She highlights hands-on experiences.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段描述可知,经过精心调查研究和引证,Hughes也实地去了我们不太了解的地方,这些第一手的资料又给本来单调的事实性叙述增添了生动的元素。详述穿越金字塔通道时夜明砂的难闻气味,为找到罗德岛太阳神巨像位置而进行一系列的徒步探索,从中可以想象Hughes不是待在图书馆品味传奇故事。由此可推断,Hughes更注重亲身体验。故选D项。
3.What’s the purpose of writing the text
A.To recommend a book.
B.To introduce places of interest.
C.To attract tourists.
D.To hunt for treasures.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“This is not a book to be quickly swallowed,but...”可知,本文写作目的是为了推荐一本书。
B
During my writing this review,I looked at four separate screens.There was my laptop,onto which I typed this text;there was my phone,receiving messages from friends and colleagues;my iPad,for hunting additional details;and,in the background,a TV passively showing programs.
So far,so normal in 2024.But what do all those screens and the time spent with them do to us Plenty of books and articles scream warnings about the impact of this technology on our lives.We are becoming impatient,stupider,addicted,and we need to digitally detox.
Except that we aren’t and we don’t,as Pete Etchells,a psychologist and science communicator at Bath Spa University,UK,explains in Unlocked:The Real Science of Screen Time.In it,he walks a complicated tightrope(绷索),uncovering some of the most harmful fictions about our smartphone and screen-dominated lives,while offering good advice about how to improve the time we spend with screens.As a society,argues Etchells,“we have become too mentally upset—and even fearful—about screens”.He says that our worries are “deeply unusual,grounded firmly in stories and lived experience”,rather than evidence.
To overcome the fear that has taken hold,Etchells suggests we stop thinking about screen time and instead focus on screen habits.The former worries about how much is too much,while the latter is more realistic.After all,4 hours spent working on screens is different from 4 hours listlessly scrolling through social media.
Explaining all this clearly,with useful comparisons and humors,is what makes Unlocked a must-read.It is like a popular science TV series:friendly and charming.It is also a corrective,providing a realistic medicine for hopelessness.In the UK,a survey found that two-thirds of the public would support a ban on selling smartphones to under-16s.
But government officials would do better to read Unlocked.That way,they can make informed decisions about whether such bans are needed,and if they would make a difference.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们对电子屏幕时代的看法。
4.For what purpose does the author describe the scene in the first paragraph
A.To show the exposure to screens.
B.To explain the development of screens.
C.To evaluate different electrical products.
D.To introduce the usage of electrical products.
答案 A
解析 写作手法题。根据文章第一段,作者描述了写本文时的情形:同时使用了四种屏幕。再根据第二段描述可知,作者描述屏幕使用情景为的是引出下文屏幕使用问题的讨论。故选A项。
5.What do the underlined words“digitally detox” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Depend on electronic devices.
B.Become digital users.
C.Ignore the warnings.
D.Overcome digital addition.
答案 D
解析 词句猜测题。根据第二段描述可知,目前人们普遍使用多种电子屏幕。大量的书籍和文章警告电子屏幕给我们的生活带来的影响。我们变得越来越不耐烦,越来越愚钝,越来越上瘾,因此我们需要克服对电子产品的过度依赖,戒除上瘾。故选D项。
6.What is the key to the fear of screens according to Etchells
A.Limiting screen time.
B.Concentrating on practical use.
C.Comparing social media.
D.Making an argument.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段描述可知,Etchells建议人们不要再考虑屏幕时间长短,而应该关注人们的屏幕使用习惯。前者的度不好把握,后者更具备现实意义。故选B项。
7.What is the author’s attitude towards Etchells’ understanding of screens
A.Critical.
B.Tolerant.
C.Supportive.
D.Uncertain.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段第三句“It is also a corrective,providing a realistic medicine for hopelessness.”及最后一段可推知,作者对于Etchells的观点持赞同态度。故选C项。
C
Collingwood-Norris was playing with her new pet dog,Stitch,while wearing a favourite second-hand jumper.Stitch jumped up and grabbed her sleeve and tore several holes in it with her sharp teeth.
Collingwood-Norris,now 37,wasn’t about to cast the item out.“I can’t bear to throw away nice clothing just because of a hole,” she explains.As a knitwear designer based in Galashiels,Scotland,she was used to making her own jumpers,but after she was left with a handful of jumpers that had dog-affected holes,she decided to tackle a new skill:mending.She began by reading a book called Make Do and Mend,about the innovative thriftiness(节俭) that emerged during World War Ⅱ.
Instead of trying to make the repair as small as possible,she turned to ‘visible mending’,a trend in repairing clothes that leaves an intentionally obvious fix.Needleworkers add flowers,bright squares or other small designs to damaged clothes.“Every time you do a repair,it’s like having a new garment in your wardrobe,” says Collingwood-Norris.She’s even started to repair other things—including a hole in the red sofa chair she’s sitting on during our video interview.
Sadly,we have become accustomed to replacing things instead of repairing them—and the garbage is piling up.Worldwide,we cast out 92 million tonnes of textiles(纺织品) every year.Electronic waste is another growing problem:an estimated 50 million tonnes of it is created each year around the world.
The good news is that fixing things can help solve the waste problem.It’s part of a larger shift towards a circular economy—the idea that instead of casting out items once they are broken or out of date,we reuse or repair them,keeping them out of the landfill for as long as possible.
About one-third of greenhouse gas emissions come from man-made goods and consumables.According to a 2023 report from Circle Economy,a Netherlands-based NGO,if the world switched to a circular economy we could lower the amount of material we need to extract from nature by a third.Of course there is still something to do with the waste.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述一种对老旧物品的处理方式——修补。而且进行花样修补,修补后循环使用。
8.Why does the author mention Collingwood-Norris’ pet dog
A.To show how lovely the dog was.
B.To introduce the topic of mending.
C.To highlight the second-hand jumper.
D.To tell an interesting story of the dog.
答案 B
解析 写作手法题。根据第一、二段描述可知,Collingwood-Norris家的宠物狗Stitch用伶俐的牙齿在连衣裙上撕了几个洞,她决定不再扔掉,而是修补。由此可推知,开头提到她家宠物狗是为了引出下文主题。故选B项。
9.How did Collingwood-Norris do with damaged clothes
A.She threw them away.
B.She put them away in wardrobe.
C.She fixed them skillfully.
D.She made the repairs as small as possible.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二、三段描述可知,作为当地丝织品设计者,Collingwood-Norris决定将被狗咬过的连衣裙进行修补,而且精心设计,将花朵、鲜艳的方块等元素加入,有意识地将修补的地方显现出来。故选C项。
10.What can we learn about a circular economy
A.It promotes sustainable use of resources.
B.It leads to greenhouse gas emissions.
C.It prevents production innovation.
D.It extracts more from nature.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第五、六段叙述可知,循环经济(circular economy)不是将废旧用品扔掉,而是重新利用或修补。这样,减少了我们从自然中攫取资源。由此可推知,循环经济促进资源的可持续利用。故选A项。
11.What will be discussed in the following paragraphs
A.Electronic waste.
B.The video interview.
C.Man-made goods.
D.Solutions to the waste problem.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Of course there is still something to do with the waste.”可推知,接下来作者将介绍处理废物的几种办法。故选D项。原创题组练(三)
A
Some might say that handwriting has become a dying art since the appearance of the typewriter in the mid 1880’s,even more so due to computers.In fact,many schools in the United States no longer required teaching cursive(草体) as a part of the core curriculums.However,despite the sense that writing on paper is out of fashion,it actually has a number of very important benefits.
Writing by hand is not only important for language processing and memory,it is also important for cognitive(认知) development.A Psychology Today blog lays out the ways in which learning to write by hand teaches the brain “functional specialization” or in other words,the best efficiency.In learning to write by hand,the human brain must integrate sensation,movement control,and thinking.For whatever reason,it does not do so when learning to type.
Writing by hands’ cognitive benefits are numerous and there are many studies that can prove that.A 2021 study by the University of Tokyo shows that writing on paper could help students recall materials better than typing on a keyboard.Likewise,a 2014 study from the Association for Psychological Science shows that taking notes on a laptop as opposed to writing them longhand,leads to shallower processing of the material learned.This is because when using a laptop,students will often type out lectures word for word,as opposed to processing information and rewording it in their own language.
These benefits actually translate to how you recall the information.In this case writing it by hand instead of typing also helps students do better on exams.A study led by Dr.Virginia Berninger,a professor of the University of Washington,suggests that children wrote longer and more complex essays when they were writing by hand,as opposed to using a keyboard.“Children consistently did better writing with a pen when they wrote essays.They wrote more and they wrote faster,” Berninger told Futurity.
So the next time you sit down to write an email to a loved one,consider the possibility that it might be better for your brain if you wrote a handwritten letter instead.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论手写的益处——用键盘的学习效果远不如手写。
1.What do we learn about handwriting from paragraph 1
A.It has its unique value.
B.It has become a new fashion.
C.Its cursive form is required in the US.
D.Its nature has been replaced by computers.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However...it actually has a number of very important benefits.”可知,尽管手写已经过时,但它的确有很多重要的益处。故选A项。
2.According to paragraphs 2-3,what can we know about writing by hand
A.It can result in less brain connectivity.
B.It can boost memory and understanding.
C.It might have little to do with recalling materials.
D.It might lead to shallower processing information.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Writing by hand is not only important for language processing and memory,it is also important for cognitive(认知) development.”及第三段描述可知,手写不仅有助于记忆,还有助于认知发展。下段叙述这一论点得到了实验验证。故选B项。
3.What is the author’s attitude toward writing
A.Critical. B.Uncertain.
C.Tolerant. D.Supportive.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段叙述,作者建议手写信给亲人,而不是发电子邮件。由此可推知,作者对于手写持支持态度。故选D项。
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Efficiency Comes First
B.More Complex Essays are Needed
C.The Pen is Mightier than the Keyboard
D.Science is the Primary Productive Force.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文,随着电脑的普及,手写虽然显得过时,但依然益处多多。手写有助于记忆和认知发展,而且得到了诸多实验验证。因此,用键盘的学习效果远不如动手写(The Pen is Mightier than the Keyboard)最能概括文章主旨。故选C项。
B
The printed book is back.Recent studies have shown that students keep in mind more information when they read a hard-copy book compared to reading on a digital device.
I love the way we now judge printed books using the language of the digital world.E-books may come with a “suite of guiding tools”,but it turns out that the best guiding devices are your fingers.You can use them to look through the pages forwards and backwards.To think,all this time,those devices have just been sitting there,hanging at the end of your arm.
Fans of digital books may point out that e-readers have a handy “search” tool.Old-fashioned books also have a search function,in which you turn back to the opening chapter to remind yourself of the hero’s description.They even have a “bookmark system”,which uses a device called a “bookmark”.
Fans of the e-book point out that digital text is easy to annotate.Some devices even feature a little image of a pencil to guide the reader through the process.Traditional-book users have a similar system called a “pencil”.With it,favoured passages can be underlined and,if it’s a history book,comments can be written in the margin(页边),such as “Not so,according to The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.” Thus noted,such books can be left around for others to study,convincing family members of your insight.
The printed book,of course,has other advantages.A full bookshelf is at once a sound base and a store of knowledge.And any properly thumbed book will always fall open at the sexiest scene.Also,the smell of old books in a second-hand bookshop is instantly remindful.Yes,it’s a mix of mould(霉味) and old paper,but to me it represents possibility.
Educational fashions come and go,so maybe the shift back to traditional books won’t last.But for the moment,I find myself standing at attention,extending my textbook-built shoulders and saluting their glorious return.
In the debate about which is better,it seems that the hard-copy book is harder to knock out than originally thought.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了印刷书籍的回归及其原因。
5.Why does the author use the digital language to judge printed books
A.To explain concepts.
B.To highlight development of languages.
C.To please readers.
D.To make better comparisons.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。关键词定位在第二段。根据第二段第一句“I love the way we now judge printed books using the language of the digital world.”以及在文章各处的引用的电子术语“suite of guiding tools” “search” “bookmark system” “pencil”这些传统的纸质书阅读中的术语,可能在电子书阅读时代被赋予了新的内涵,但重点还是第二段中的“judge printed books using the language of the digital world”可推知,作者喜欢使用这些电子时代的语言来评判纸质书,更多是为了在两者之间更好地作比较。通过下文看,作者也是一条一条来说明的。第二段就电子书籍便捷的导引功能,作者提到事实证明,最好的导引工具还是人的手指;第三段提到电子书籍便捷的搜索功能,作者指出纸质书同样具备此功能,而且还具备“书签系统”;第三段提到电子书籍便于加注,作者提出纸质书读者用铅笔加注,遇到喜欢的章节,可以加下划线,若是历史书籍,还可以在页边处写评论,以便与家人分享你的观点。故选D项。
6.What does the underlined word “annotate” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Search. B.Access.
C.Add notes. D.Get information.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句“Fans of the e-book point out that digital text is easy to annotate.”以及下面的举例可知,用铅笔可将喜欢的段落标注下划线,若是历史书籍,可在页边题写评论。由此可推断,annotate一词意为“加注”。故选C项。
7.What attracts the readers as to printed books
A.Value of senses. B.Knowledge storage.
C.Bookshelves. D.Bookstores.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。本题定位在第五段。此段首句“The printed book,of course,has other advantages.”表示除了上述纸质书阅读与电子阅读的区别(或者说,与电子阅读相比,纸质书略胜一筹外),纸质书还独具一些优势:一个摆满书的书架总是一个显眼的地方,那里存贮了满满的知识,而且人们高赞的书籍总是打开,摆在最耀眼的位置;根据第五段第四、五句可知,印刷书的气味是霉味和旧报纸的混合气味,但于作者而言,这种气味代表(获取知识)的无限可能性。故选A项。
8.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Why E-books Are Convenient
B.Why the Printed Book Is Back
C.Why Educational Fashions Change
D.Why Digital Reading Becomes Popular
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。文章开宗明义,提出“The printed book is back.”,印刷书籍重新兴起,而且用研究结论来支撑。研究表明:学生通过阅读纸质书籍,比在电子阅读中记住更多的信息。下文大篇幅就印刷书与电子书的优缺点展开比较,尤其突出了使用印刷书阅读的美好体验。最后一段回归主题,进行总结:尽管传统书籍的回归不一定持续多长时间,但此时此刻,“我”向这种回归致敬。与文章开头相照应。因此,“印刷书为何回归”是最佳标题。故选B项。
C
The monarch is perhaps the best-known butterfly in North America.Every fall,they migrate from the US and Canada to California and Mexico for the winter,breeding multiple generations along the way.But now the monarch is in trouble.Due to habitat loss,milkweed,the plants that the butterfly caterpillars feed on,are fewer and farther between,so the number of monarch is declining.
In the 1990s,researchers at the University of Minnesota decided to use citizen science to collect long-term data on monarch caterpillars and milkweed habitat in order to provide information that decision makers can use to help prevent the monarch’s decline.The Monarch Larva Monitoring Project has grown to involve volunteers from across North America.
Participants volunteer to monitor a particular site—often their own backyards.Through online or in-person training,the volunteers learn how to identify milkweed as well as the eggs,caterpillars and pupae(蛹) of monarch butterflies.They also learn about the monarch’s migration.Each year,volunteers record when milkweed plants first come out of the ground and how many are present at the site they are monitoring.Then,on a weekly basis,they record the number of eggs and caterpillars they see.The final step is entering the data into an online database.
For citizen science projects,data validity(效度) can be a concern.Some say that non-scientists can’t be trusted to collect reliable data.The project addresses such concerns by using a standardized rules and requiring repeated observations of the same species in the same place.The MLMP also offers training,and all data are carefully checked before used for research purposes.Another challenge is getting volunteers to report zeroes or the lack of monarchs.As the monarch population declines,volunteers may be discouraged and not want to collect data.MLMP staff work with volunteers to highlight the importance of knowing where monarchs are not found.
The project is successfully meeting its core purpose:to help scientists better understand how and why monarch populations are changing.Data provided by citizen scientists have formed the basis for a growing number of scientific publications.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍为有效阻止北美“魅力昆虫”君王斑蝶数量减少,启用了公民科学项目,旨在让社会公众参与重要科学研究,构建老少咸宜的户外科学课堂。
9.Why is the number of monarch butterflies declining
A.They are influenced by the cold weather.
B.There are fewer milkweed plants along the way.
C.Many butterfly caterpillars lose their habitats.
D.The distance of their migration becomes longer.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Due to habitat loss,milkweed,the plants that the butterfly caterpillars feed on,are fewer and farther between,so the number of monarch is declining.”可知,由于栖息地的丧失,蝴蝶幼虫赖以为食的草属植物(植物乳草)的大面积减少,因此君王斑蝶数量减少。故选B项。
10.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The application of citizen science in the project.
B.Findings of Monarch Larva Monitoring Project.
C.The establishment of the monarch online data base.
D.The reason of citizen science being adopted.
答案 A
解析 段落大意题。文章第二段提到,明尼苏达大学的研究者们启用了公民科学项目,采集君王斑蝶幼虫和草属植物栖息地的长周期数据信息,来有效阻止君王斑蝶数量的减少。这家公益项目已吸纳北美的志愿者。承接上文,第三段详细介绍这个项目的应用情况。第三段第一句中的“Participants volunteer to monitor a particular site”很明显交代了主旨,参与者自愿在特定区域(一般在自己后院)监控,通过网上或者亲身培训,志愿者学会如何鉴别植物乳草,如何辨别君王斑蝶幼虫虫卵、毛虫以及蛹(从卵,到成虫,再到蛹的整个孵化过程)。志愿者还得学会关于君王斑蝶迁徙的知识。每年负责记录乳草刚露芽时,君王斑蝶出现在监控区域的数量,而后每周记录出现的虫卵及幼虫数量,最后将数据上传到网络数据库。故选A项。
11.What would be the challenge of the citizen science projects
A.The legality of the protocol(协议).
B.The training quality for volunteers.
C.The research competence of citizens.
D.The reliability of the collected data.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For citizen science projects,data validity can be a concern.Some say that non-scientists can’t be trusted to collect reliable data.”可知,在公民科学项目中,数据的有效性(可信度)令人担忧。有人担心这些非科学家公民采集的数据不可信。其实段中还提及项目的另一个挑战,就是志愿者们对君王斑蝶的零上报或者监控区域没有君王斑蝶。鉴于君王斑蝶数量不断减少,人们收集数据的热情可能受挫,当然针对这一现象,MLMP也有相应的对策。故选D项。
12.What is the author’s attitude towards the project
A.Unclear. B.Dismissive.
C.Doubtful. D.Approving.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段描述,这个项目成功达成核心目标:帮助科学家更好理解君王斑蝶数量如何变化及变化的原因。公民科学家提供的数据也形成了多项研究的基础。故选D项。七选五阅读 原创题组练(四)
Passage 1
How to Read Like a Writer
Reading like a writer is a concept that can help individuals improve their writing skills. 1 .By doing so,readers can gain deeper insights into their craft and improve their own writing skills.
There are several steps to read like a writer.The first step is to locate a book and take it off the shelf.The second step is to read the book closely and take notes on the author’s choices and techniques.The third step is to analyze the author’s choices and techniques to understand how they contribute to the overall impact of the text. 2 .
Here are some practical tips to help you:
Choosing the right books.Choose books that are well-written and have a style that you admire. 3 ,read books from that genre(体裁) to understand its conventions and techniques better.Of course,reading books that challenge you and expose you to new ideas and perspectives is also important.
4 .Set aside time each day to read,even if it is just for a few minutes.Make reading a part of your daily routine,and try to read various types of literature.Reading regularly will help you develop your reading skills and improve your writing.
Writing reflective notes.Write down your thoughts and observations about the author’s style,structure,and use of language.Reflect on what you have read and think about how you can apply what you have learned to your own writing. 5 .
Reading like a writer is a skill that can be developed through practice and dedication.By doing the above,you can improve your reading skills and become a better writer.
A.Making reading a habit
B.Setting a reading schedule
C.If you want to write a particular kind of book
D.When you want to read actively and critically
E.Finally,readers can apply these techniques to their own writing
F.These will help you develop critical thinking skills and improve your writing
G.It involves analyzing a text closely to understand the author’s choices and techniques
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何像作家一样进行阅读以提升个人写作技能。
1.G 空前的句子引入了“像作家一样阅读”的概念,说明它有助于个人提升写作技能,空后的句子进一步阐释这种阅读方式的结果:它能让读者更深入地理解自己的写作技巧。因此,所填句子应该是承上启下的,对这个概念进行进一步的阐释。G项中的“It”指的是“Reading like a writer”这个概念。
2.E 第二段介绍了“像作家一样阅读”的步骤:首先选择书籍并拿下书架,接着仔细阅读书籍,同时做笔记记录作者的选择和技巧,然后分析这些选择和技巧如何影响文本的总体效果。段落的最后,读者可以把这些技巧应用到自己的写作中。E项“最后,读者可以将这些技巧应用到自己的写作中”作为小结,符合段落结构。
3.C 本段的主题集中在选择合适的书籍上。该空位于该句话的前半部分,逗号后面是“阅读该体裁的书籍,以更好地理解其惯例和技巧”,因此,“如果你想写特定种类的书”符合上下文逻辑。
4.A 通过审视段落的结构,这个空应该是小标题句,概括整段的内容。整段的内容主要讨论如何将阅读变成日常习惯。A项“养成阅读习惯”恰当地概括了段落内容。
5.F 本段主要描述写下反思笔记的过程,包括记录作者的写作风格、结构、语言使用等,并思考如何将阅读成果应用到自己的写作中。考查的句子应该是对上文的总结。“These”指的是之前提到的反思笔记,所以F项总结了前面的讨论,指出这些笔记将帮助提升批判性思维和写作技能。
Passage 2
Humiliation(羞辱).Many of us have experienced it,right That horrific feeling of just wanting the ground to open up and swallow us.It’s an awful feeling when someone decides to belittle us and make us feel small. 6
Humiliation is quite often compared to the feeling of shame.However,the fundamental difference is that we feel shame is deserved,while humiliation is not. 7 NeelBurton M.D says that humiliation results from weakening claims that you have made,such as “I’m good at my job”,and challenges your authority to make such claims in future.
Imagine your friend puts you down by questioning your professional knowledge in a hobby or interest in front of your other friends.The presence of others is the key factor in humiliation—a public scolding. 8 Public humiliation is often said to act as a crime deterrent(威慑),while it also has a place in comedy.You may enjoy watching a celebrity being scolded severely:a humiliation designed to highlight faults for comedic effect.
9 According to psychologist Robert J.Sternberg,there are a few steps you can take.First,you must accept the humiliation and realise you’re not the only one who has felt like this—talk to others who have experienced it and move on.Also,don’t immediately try and strike back for “round 2”—often humiliation isn’t personal.
Lastly,some people say,“What doesn’t kill you only makes you stronger.”While humiliation probably won’t kill you,it can hurt. 10 It could be an opportunity to start investing more in doing something you love.That way it may have an unexpected benefit.
A.It makes us feel ashamed.
B.So,how can you deal with it
C.It has more in common with bullying.
D.It also has so many forms and uses in society.
E.Whatever humiliation and hurt you face,don’t accept it.
F.But what is humiliation,and how can we move on from it
G.Why not use the humiliation as motivation to learn more about that hobby or interest
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是羞辱、羞辱对人的影响及应对它的方式。
6.F 设空处位于第一段段尾,设空处的上文提到羞辱给人可怕或糟糕的感受,设空处下文的四个段落,前两段介绍了什么是羞辱;后两段讲了如何应对羞辱。F项“But what is humiliation,and how can we move on from it ”可以引出下文的主要内容,且与上文能构成转折逻辑关系。
7.C 设空处上文“Humiliation is quite often compared to the feeling of shame.However,the fundamental difference is that we feel shame is deserved,while humiliation is not.”指出了羞辱常被和羞愧比较,但它们是有区别的。C项“It has more in common with bullying.”中It承接上文指代humiliation,同时语义上仍是用比较的方式阐释什么是羞辱,指出了羞辱和欺凌有着更多的共同点。
8.D 设空处上文“The presence of others is the key factor in humiliation—a public scolding”指出了羞辱的关键因素是当众斥责,D项“It also has so many forms and uses in society”中It可以顺承上文指代public scolding,借助also递进关系表述了当众斥责还有其他的用途,呼应下文中“Public humiliation is often said to act as a crime deterrent,while it also has a place in comedy”。
9.B 设空处位于文中段落首句。设空处下文主要表述了心理学家Robert J.Sternberg 给出的应对羞辱的办法。B项“So,how can you deal with it ”,这个问句对下文表述进行了设问,概括了段落的大意。
10.G 设空处上文“Lastly,some people say,‘What doesn’t kill you only makes you stronger.’While humiliation probably won’t kill you,it can hurt.”指出了本段中心“从羞辱中把自己变得强大”且说到了羞辱会对你造成伤害,G项“Why not use the humiliation as motivation to learn more about that hobby or interest ”符合段落主旨,且和上文对羞辱会造成伤害的表述构成转折,同时与下文“It could be an opportunity to start investing more in doing something you love.”在语义上及指代上衔接顺畅。
Passage 3
Get Your Way to Journaling
When looking for a way to better manage stress and feel your best,consider adding journaling to your regular wellness routine.This practice goes beyond just recording daily events. 11
Journaling acts as a mirror,reflecting your innermost thoughts,feelings,and behaviors.By regularly putting pen to paper,you can uncover patterns,leading to increased self-awareness. 12 Just the act of recognizing how you feel can build self-confidence and improve your mood.
13 Think of it as a safe space to express how you feel,leading to a significant decrease in stress levels.Sometimes the first step in building the life you want starts with simple awareness.Journaling gives you a chance to recognize what stresses you out in the first place.
As you launch your journaling journey,remember that the most important aspect is to start.Even if you’ve never journaled before,it’s easy to begin. 14 Aim to journal at the same time each day,whether you prefer first thing in the morning or in the evening as a way to decrease the pressure.Even just five minutes can help gain some clarity and reflection.
Think of your journal as your confidential space.Approaching journaling with honesty and openness,free from self-judgment.Remember,there’s no right or wrong way to journal.It’s about the process,not perfection. 15 This can explain your growth over time,patterns in your thinking or behavior,and how you’ve navigated past challenges.Reflection can help harvest new insights into your personal journey.
A.Consistency is key to the journaling.
B.Later,take time to read back through your entries.
C.Accept yourself in the present moment just as you are.
D.It’s also a pathway to deeper self-understanding and psychological flexibility.
E.This can be the first step toward meaningful change and personal growth.
F.Writing about your day,worries,or challenges acts as an emotional way out.
G.Journaling encourages a shift from a passive to an active attitude to problems.
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍记日记的好处及如何实施。
11.D 此空在段尾,空前作者建议为缓解压力,将记日记纳入日常。这一做法不仅仅是记录日常事件,接下来应该是对记日记作进一步解释,“它还是促进深度自我理解和心理适应性的途径”。同时,D项中的It 和also起到提示作用。故选D项。
12.E 此空属于段中句,空前讲到通过记日记,提升自我意识。空后讲述,单单是认识到自己的感受就可以增进自信,改善情绪。因此,“记日记是通往有意义改变和个人成长的第一步”承接上下文,逻辑和涵义恰当。故选E项。
13.F 此空属于段首句。空后承接上文,将它作为表达自己想法的安全港湾,大大降低压力。因此,“记录你一天的情况、你的担忧以及挑战,作为情绪的宣泄出口”可作为整段的概括句。故选F项。
14.A 此空属段中句。空前叙述记日记最重要的是付诸行动,空后叙述做好规划,不管是早上第一件事还是晚上作为减轻压力的方法,尽量每天在同一时间记日记。“坚持是记日记的关键”承接上下文,最为恰当。故选A项。
15.B 此空属段中句。空前叙述记日记无关对错,它是一个过程,而非追求完美。空后叙述这样就能解释你成长的过程、思维和行为的变化以及你面对挑战的历程。“记录后,花时间翻一翻你的条目” 承接上下文,最为恰当。故选B项。原创题组练(五)
Passage 1
4 Simple Ways to Save Money
Saving is easier when you have a plan—follow these steps to create one.Sometimes the hardest thing about saving money is just getting started. 1 .Therefore,you can save for all your short- and long-term goals.
Record your expenses.
The first step to start saving money is figuring out how much you spend. 2 .That means every coffee,household item and cash tip as well as regular monthly bills.Recording your expenses however is easiest for you—a pencil and paper,a simple spreadsheet or a free online spending tracker or app.
Include saving in your budget.
3 .Your budget should show what your expenses are relative to your income,so that you can plan your spending and limit overspending.Be sure to factor in expenses that occur regularly but not every month,such as car maintenance.Include a savings category in your budget and aim to save an amount that initially feels comfortable to you.
Find ways to cut spending.
If you can’t save as much as you’d like,it might be time to cut back on expenses.Identify nonessentials,such as entertainment and dining out,that you can spend less on.Look for ways to save on your fixed monthly expenses,such as your car insurance or cell phone plan,as well. 4 .
5 .
One of the best ways to save money is to set an objective.Start by thinking about what you might want to save for—both in the short term (one to three years) and the long term (four or more years).Then estimate how much money you’ll need and how long it might take you to save it.
A.Set savings goals
B.Watch your savings grow
C.Keep track of all your expenses
D.This step-by-step guide can help you develop a simple and realistic strategy
E.Now that you know what you spend in a month,you can begin to create a budget
F.Use your credit card and bank statements to make sure you’ve included everything
G.Other ideas for managing everyday expenses include searching for free activities,reviewing recurring charges,and waiting before you buy
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了合理储蓄的方法,在四个方面对怎样存钱进行了详细阐述。
1.D 设空处下文“Therefore,you can save for all your short- and long-term goals.”为结果,则设空处应填写原因,D项与设空处后文构成因果关系,同时与设空处上文内容呼应,并点名文章主题,故选D项。
2.C 设空处上文“The first step to start saving money is figuring out how much you spend.”为本段的中心句,设空处下文“That means every coffee,household item and cash tip as well as regular monthly bills.”中的that刚好与C项中的“all your expenses”对应,故选C项。
3.E 根据文章结构可知,每段的首句为本段段落大意的总结句,根据设空处所在段小标题“Include saving in your budget.”以及设空处所在段剩余内容描述可知,需要在预算中将未来储蓄考虑进去,E项总结上文,并开启下文,起到承上启下的作用,故选E项。
4.G 设空处所在段的主题为“Find ways to cut spending.”同时设空处上文内容“Look for ways to save on your fixed monthly expenses,such as your car insurance or cell phone plan,as well.”描述了节省开支的方法,G项描述了其他方法,承接上文,故选G项。
5.A 根据设空处位置,该空应选择合适的小标题。同时根据设空处标题所在段落大意“省钱的最好方法之一就是设定一个目标。首先考虑一下你想为什么存钱——短期(一到三年)和长期(四年或更长时间)。然后估计一下你需要多少钱,以及你可能需要多长时间才能存下来。”,A项符合段落大意,故选A项。
Passage 2
Have you ever zoned out Maybe you have experienced highway hypnosis(催眠),with no recollection of having driven from Point A to Point B.Or maybe you have zero memory of something you just read. 6 It means the ability to disconnect from our thoughts,feelings,environment or actions.
Dissociation can even help athletes do their jobs,for instance,because it “allows people to focus on the life-preserving aspects of a situation” without mental interference,said Janina Fisher,a scientist who has been treating dissociative disorders for decades.But sometimes people experience a major form of dissociation,often in the result of overwhelming suffering. 7
Public fascination with dissociation and its disorders has endured for many years—examples include the books “Sybil” and “The Three Faces of Eve”, both adapted into wildly popular feature films,each about a woman with “multiple personalities.” 8 TikTok videos popularized dissociative identity disorder,or D.I.D.,have been viewed more than 1.7 billion times and dissociation has drawn more than 775 million views.
Celebrities like the “Saturday Night Live” cast member Bowen Yang have also openly described struggles with dissociative disorders,as conversations about mental health continue to migrate into public forums. 9 We asked several mental health providers to explain more about dissociation.
10 Rather than fight or flee in a stressful or threatening situation,some people “freeze,” said Dr.Frank W.Putnam,an expert on dissociative disorders.“That’s the dissociative state where you shut down and you kind of go away.” Although dissociation can help a person mentally escape during a threat,it can interfere with daily life when people continue to dissociate during favorable situations.Dr.Rettew encouraged anyone curious about a specific disorder to speak with an attentive and thoughtful health care provider instead of sharing on the Internet.
A.What are the dissociative disorders
B.These are mild forms of dissociation.
C.Frequent experiences like that make dissociation disorder.
D.But much of this content isn’t providing reliable information.
E.The Internet and app-based world would bring us all closer together.
F.Now people are posting their experiences with dissociation on social media.
G.In this case,the dissociative symptoms become more extreme and frequent.
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“游离”这一现象由来已久,越来越多地进入公众视野,引起关注,同时提醒人们对此开展审慎的交流。
6.B 考查段中句。根据上文提供的几个样例,一是走神,二是公路催眠,三是健忘;下文又对设空处进行解释。由此,设空处应该承上启下,引出一个新概念:这些现象就是游离(dissociation)。故选B项。
7.G 考查段尾句。根据第二段描述,游离状态利于运动员训练,但话锋一转,进一步解释游离状态有时发生于经历过严重的创伤之后。这种情况下,游离会表现得更极端和频繁。故选G项。
8.F 考查段中句。根据第三段起始句可知,公众关注游离及其带来的紊乱已有多年,其中有两部相关著作,后改编拍成了电影。设空处后一句又以TikTok为例,广泛传播这一现象。因此,设空处应为现在人们在社交媒体发布对这一现象的体验。故选F项。
9.D 考查段中句。根据设空处前一句描述,随着精神健康对话转向大众视野,就连美国喜剧节目名角Bowen Yang也公开了自己同“游离”斗争的事情。空后一句说就游离有关事宜我们又咨询了精神健康专家。由此,设空处应为转折,前面所属情况还是不可靠的或不足以让人信服的。故选D项。
10.A 考查段首句。根据下文专家Frank W.Putnam对分离障碍的解释:“不是与压力或危险作斗争或从中逃脱,而是一种暂时游离”可知,设空处应该是提出这个概念:“分离障碍到底是什么 ”故选A项。
Passage 3
Mind reading is hard.But not impossible.Modern technology can reach inside someone’s head and pull out their intention. 11 Or type something on a computer screen.Such thought-controlled devices can help people who aren’t able to move or speak perform different tasks.
Decoding(解码) thought usually requires placing sensors directly on or in someone’s brain.Those sensors capture messages by listening on the electrical signals between the person’s brain cells. 12
Using brain implants(移植),researchers have picked up electrical dots in the brain linked to certain words or letters.This has allowed brain implants to transform thoughts into text or speech on a computer. 13 Implanted electrodes have even allowed scientists to turn the cells associated with a song in someone’s head into real music.
In a recent study,scientists decoded full stories from people’s brains using MRI scans. 14 But building the thought decoder did require many hours of brain scans for each person.What’s more,the system only worked on the person whose brain scans helped build it.And only when that person was willing to have their mind read.
So devices that might let someone secretly read your mind from across the room are still a long,long way off. 15 As it does,scientists are thinking hard about what it would mean to live in a world where not even the inside of your head is completely private.
A.This did not require any brain implants.
B.Maybe that intention is to move a robotic arm.
C.Still,it’s clear that mind-reading tech is getting more advanced.
D.And such messages direct brains to think,feel and control the body.
E.Technologies aim to listen to and maybe even change your brain activity.
F.Brain scans have pulled words,stories and even music from inside people’s heads.
G.Likewise,brain implants have transformed imagined handwriting into text on a screen.
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍心智读取技术的发展。
11.B 根据设空处前两句,心智读取很难,但也能做到。现代科技已经能够深入人的头脑并将人们的意图读取出来。关键词为intention。再由下文“或者在电脑上打字”可知,此处是对上文的解释:这种意图可能是移动智能手臂。故选B项。
12.D 根据第二段可知,解码人的想法通常需要在人脑中放置传感器。这些传感器通过听取人脑器官间的电子信号,获取信息。设空处承接上文,D项“并且这些信息指挥大脑思考、感受并控制身体”符合语境。故选D项。
13.G 根据设空处前叙述,通过脑移植手术,研究者们能够获取与文字相关的大脑链接点。这就使得脑移植能够将人的想法转换成文字或话语,并在电脑上呈现出来。设空处后一句叙述移植电极将人脑中与歌曲相关的细胞转换为音乐。由此可知,类似地,脑移植也可以将想象中的笔迹转换成电脑中的文本。故选G项。
14.A 根据设空处前叙述,最近一项研究表明,科学家能利用磁共振成像技术对人的大脑完整解码。设空处后一句转折,表示对人的思维进行解码的确需要很多时间的扫描。由此可知,做到对大脑解码不需要进行大脑移植。故选A项。
15.C 根据设空处前叙述,在一定空间内读取大脑的信息,这种装置的研发可能要有很长的路走。设空处后一句说如果这样,科学家们也在苦苦思索,生活在一个连你的内心都不是隐私的世界会意味着什么。因此,尽管研发还需要时间,但是可以明确的是心智读取技术也在越来越发达。故选C项。
