外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Developing ideas 课件（共72张，内嵌音视频）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Developing ideas 课件（共72张，内嵌音视频） |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 43.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-11-21 11:42:11 | ||
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(共72张PPT)
Unit 4 Developing ideas
The Words That Changed A Nation
改变了一个国家的演说
阅读课件
To watch a video about slavery.
To get the historical background and meaning of “The Gettysburg Address”．
To find detailed information about the Gettysburg Address.
To give a talk about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
To organize and deliver a speech.
Learning objectives
Words and expressions
mount v. 走上，登上 44
civil adj. 公民的，国民的 44
civil war 内战 44
slave n. 奴隶
confederate adj. （美国内战期间）南部联邦的 44
union n. 联邦 44
civilian adj. 平民的；百姓的 44
division n. 分歧，分裂 44
bring forth 使产生，使出现 45
conceive v. 构想，设想 45
liberty n. 自由 45
dedicate v. 致力于，献身于 45
endure v. 持续存在 45
battlefield n. 战场 45
portion n. 一部分 45
altogether adv. 完全 45
consecrate v. 宣布... ...为神圣之处 45
hallow v. 使成为神圣 45
detract v. 减低，破坏，损害 45
nobly adv. 高尚地，崇高地 45
in vain 白白地 45
perish v. 死亡 45
influential adj. 有影响力的 47
communist adj. 共产主义的 47
Reading comprehension
Do you know Martin Luther king
Lead-in
Martin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929—April 4, 1968), African American, born in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, American clergyman, social activist and leader of the black civil rights movement.
Do you know his famous speech “I have a dream”
What’s he
What about him
The slaves were living a miserable life at that time.
Slavery should be abolished for ever.
What do you know from the pictures
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1
Pre-reading
1. How did slave owners regard their slaves
2. What was a slave’s life like
They didn’t regard them as humans but
as animals, without respecting them.
Daily life for a slave involved backbreaking labour. Slaves had to work all day long without enough rest. They were often physically abused by their owners and had no legal rights.
Look at the title and skim the passage. Choose the book in which you would most likely find the passage.
A．The Power of Speech.
B．Famous US Presidents.
C．Great Battles in History.
√
2
While-reading
Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination(刺杀) in April 1865. He successfully led his country through its greatest internal crisis, the American Civil War, preserving the Union and ending slavery.
Who is the speaker
The Words That Changed A Nation
1．Why did Lincoln give the speech
A．To help shape a nation.
B．In memory of the soldiers who died.
C．To help people in Gettysburg.
D．In memory of the people who died in his hometown.
√
Fast-reading
Para(s.) Main idea
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Paras. 4－6
2．Fast -reading for the structure and the theme of the text.
The setting of the address
The background event of the address
The main content of the address
“The Gettysburg Address” by Abraham Lincoln
Fast-reading
Para.1
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
When
Who
Where
How
a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863
a tall，thin man called Abraham Lincoln (then president)
a platform in a field in Gettysburg，Pennsylvania
This address to the crowd changed the minds of the people and helped shape a nation.
Careful-reading
The speech he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes. But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation.
What is the power of this speech
Para.1
Careful-reading
1．What was America going through
America was bitterly divided by a two-year civil war.
2．What’s the result of the war
The worst battle lasted three days at Gettysburg in 1863，with the Union side winning at a great cost of over 50,000 casualties. People lost hope and purpose.
the slave-owning Confederate Southern States
the “free” Northern States of the Union
VS
Para.2
Careful-reading
How was the battle at Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, which resulted in over 50,000 casualties.
Para.2
Careful-reading
The Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg (1-3 July 1863) was a famous battle of the American Civil War. It involved more than 160,000 men and resulted in some of the heaviest losses of the war, on both sides.
the Battle of Gettysburg 葛底斯堡战役
the American Civil War 美国内战
Para.2
Careful-reading
1．What was all this suffering for
“...a new vision of what the USA should be，based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before. It was what the soldiers had died for.”
2．What is “the new vision” of the ideals
To remove not only the _________ between North and South，but the __________ between black and white，and work step by step towards the ________ of humankind.
divisions
boundaries
equality
Para.3
Careful-reading
What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech
He wanted to give the people hope, belief and a reason to look to the future.
Para.3
Careful-reading
He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be, based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.
What are the ideals conveyed by the speech
Para.3
Careful-reading
How did Lincoln describe the founding of the US
It was a new nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Para.4
Careful-reading
What challenges did the Civil War bring to the nation
It would test whether a nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal can long endure.
Para.5
Careful-reading
How did Lincoln describe the men who fought in the war
They gave their lives so that their nation might live. They were brave men whose struggles had consecrated the ground.
Para.5
Careful-reading
What was the “great task” that Lincoln described
That this nation shall have a new birth of freedom; and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Para.6
Careful-reading
Who would be responsible for carrying out this task
The living should be dedicated to the task.
Para.6
Careful-reading
Read again and do the following exercises.
1．How long did the American civil war last
A．For two years. B．For three days.
C．For a year. D．For two months.
2．What was the central point of Lincoln’s speech
A．Helping the living.
B．The reason why the soldiers died.
C．The gradual realization of human equality.
D．A new vision for the United States of America.
√
√
The whole passage
Careful-reading
3．What was the purpose of the civil war according to Lincoln
A．To see if we’re right.
B．To see if a nation can last.
C．To bury the dead soldiers.
D．To meet on the battlefield.
4．What did Lincoln call on people to do at last
A．To forget the dead soldiers.
B．To remember what we said today.
C．To give our lives for our country.
D．To finish the unfinished business of the dead soldiers.
√
√
The whole passage
Careful-reading
Deep understanding of the speech.
1．What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech
He wanted to give the people hope，belief and a reason to look to the future.
2．Lincoln talked about government “of the people，by the people，for the people”．What does this mean
“Of the people” means that government should be made up of the people；
“by the people” means that government should be run by ordinary people；
“for the people” means that government should use its power for the people’s benefit.
“民有、民治、民享”的政府
Careful-reading
On 19 November 1863, in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
Speaker: Abraham Lincoln
Setting (date& place):
Background event:
on 19 November, 1863
in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
The Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, which resulted in over 50,000 casualties
Organise information from the passage and complete the notes.
3
Careful-reading
It would test whether a nation conceived in Liberty and delicated to the proposition that all men are created equal can long endure.
It was a new nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
1. How did Lincoln describe the founding of the US
2. What challenges did the Civil War bring to the nation
Careful-reading
They gave their lives so that their nation might live. They were brave men whose struggles had consecrated the ground.
That this nation shall have a new birth of freedom, and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
3. How did Lincoln describe the men who fought in the war
4. What was the “great task” that Lincoln described
5. Who would be responsible for carrying out this task
The living should be dedicated to the task.
Careful-reading
1 What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech
He wanted to give the people hope, belief and a reason to look to
the future.
2 Lincoln talked about government “of the people, by the
people, for the people”. What does this mean
“of the people” means that government should be made up of or
drawn from the people;
“by the people” means that government should be run by ordinary
people;
“for the people” means that government should use its power for the
people’s benefit.
Think share
Post-reading
3 What other speeches can you think of that stress the importance of breaking boundaries
Examples of famous speeches that emphasize the importance of breaking boundaries include Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" and John F. Kennedy's "Ask Not What Your Country Can Do for You."
In "I Have a Dream," Martin Luther King emphasized the importance of breaking down racial boundaries and calling for the realization of the dream that all men are created equal. In his speech, Albert Einstein mentioned that the development of science should not only be applied to technology, but should be concerned with the fate and happiness of mankind itself. In his book Ask Not What Your Country Can Do for You, John F. Kennedy encouraged people to rise above self-interest and work together for human freedom and progress.
These speeches not only had a profound impact at the time, but continue to inspire people today to push boundaries and pursue a better future.
著名的演讲中强调打破界限的重要性的例子包括马丁·路德·金的《我有一个梦》和约翰·肯尼迪的《不要问国家能为你们做些什么》等。
马丁·路德·金在《我有一个梦》中强调了打破种族隔离界限的重要性，呼吁实现人人生而平等的梦想。阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在演讲中提到，科学的发展不应仅仅应用于技术，而应关注人类本身的命运和幸福。约翰·肯尼迪在《不要问国家能为你们做些什么》中鼓励人们超越个人利益，共同为人类的自由和进步努力。
这些演讲不仅在当时产生了深远的影响，而且至今仍激励着人们不断突破界限，追求更美好的未来。
Think share
4 What efforts to break boundaries are described in the two
reading passages in this unit
In the first passage, doctors or others people of different backgrounds worked together to save people in danger. In the second passage, Lincoln called on the people of the United States to strive for a free nation where all men are equal.
Think share
Work in groups.
Give a talk about significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
1 Organise your ideas by answering the questions.
What was the US like before slavery was abolished
How was it different afterwards
In what ways did the abolition of slavery help to break boundaries
4
What was the US like before slavery was abolished
The US was divided into states in the North that prohibited slavery, and states in the South which allowed slavery and depended upon slavery economically. Slavery was a very cruel institution, and caused great human suffering in the states that permitted it. Reliance on slavery also made the South less technologically advanced than the North.
How was it different afterwards
Slaves were freed and were regarded as equal under the law, at least in theory. In practice, black Americans continued to suffer great discrimination in the South for the next hundred years, until the birth of the modern civil rights movement in the 1960s. The legacy of slavery continues to affect race relations in the US today.
In what ways did the abolition of slavery help to break boundaries
The abolition of slavery made former slaves and their former masters equal before the law. This was the first step towards true equality.
2 Do research to find more evidence to support your ideas.
3 Give your talk to the class.
Now think about effective ways to find information to support your ideas.
The significance of the abolition of slavery in the United States is mainly reflected in the fight against slavery in the South, the promotion of social progress and the development of democracy, the enhancement of national unity and stability, and the advancement of human rights and equality. The abolition of slavery is a progressive mass democratic movement in American history, which not only fought against slavery in the South, but also promoted social fairness and justice . This is also a good reflection of the theme of this lesson, which is that we need to break down borders and build more equal, free and harmonious societies.
Opinion sharing
废除奴隶制在美国的意义主要体现在打击了南方的奴隶制，促进了社会的进步和民主的发展，增强了国家的统一和稳定，以及推动了人权和平等的进步。 废除奴隶制是美国历史上一次具有进步意义的群众性民主运动，它不仅打击了南方的奴隶制，还促进了社会的公平和正义 。这也很好反映了本课的主题，即我们需要打破边界，建立更加平等、自由、和谐的社会。
Sample
Write a speech
What does a speech usually include
Body
a speech
Opening
Summary
Who the person is.
What boundary he / she has broken.
How he / she achieved this.
Comments on him / her.
Organise and write your own speech about a person who has helped to increase understanding between two countries.
Pre-writing
Read the speech on Edgar Snow and answer the questions.
Hello, everyone. Today, I’m going to introduce Edgar Snow.
Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote
influential books and articles about China in the 1930s. At a
time when relatively little was known about our country in
the Western world, his 1937 book Red Star over China
broke ideological boundaries by telling the stories of the Chinese communist movement from the inside.
influential adj 有影响力的
relatively 相对地
ideological boundaries
意识形态的界限
communist movement 共产主义运动
5
Although Snow was not the only international journalist to set
foot in China during the early decades of the 20th century,
what set him apart from the others was that he actually spent
time with the Chinese Red Army. He listened to their stories
and observed their day-to-day lives, as well as conducting
interviews with Mao Zedong and other leaders. His
biographical accounts and depictions of historical events, such as the Long March, therefore captured the spirit of the period and the people living through it with unprecedented authenticity. Snow is considered “our American friend”.
传记叙述
authenticity n 真实性；确实性
unprecedented adj 史无前例的
I admire Snow’s special insight and bravery,
risking his life during the war to get to the
heart of the story and correct prejudice. For me,
Snow’s writing, and in particular Red Star over China,
is a must-read for anyone with an interest in that period.
insight n 洞察力
冒……的风险（或危险）
1. Who was Edgar Snow
He was an American journalist who wrote influential books and articles about China in the 1930s.
2. What did he do and what boundaries did he break
He actually spent time with the Chinese Red Army and listened to their stories and observed their day-to-day lives. He also conducted interviews with Mao Zedong and other leaders. His book Red Star over China broke ideological boundaries by telling the stories of the Chinese communist movement from the inside.
Read the speech on Edgar Snow and answer the questions.
5
Useful expressions:
Opening
Today, I’m going to introduce ...
He / She is / was a doctor / social worker ..., who is / was witty/ hard-working / intelligent / ...
He / She was born in ..., in ...
He / She has broken national boundaries by doing ...
While-writing
Useful expressions:
Body
He / She made every effort to do ...
He / She is / was devoted / dedicated to doing ...
Summary
I admire his / her a sense of ...
... call on ... to learn from his / her example ...
What he / she has done is worth ...
His / Her contribution to ... is not only ... but also ...
Complete the table to organise your own speech about another person who has helped to increase understanding between two countries.
Now write your speech.
6
Here I’d like to take Henry Norman Bethune for example.
Complete the table to organise your own speech about another person who has helped to increase understanding between two countries.
6
Henry Norman Bethune
A Canadian
A famous doctor
In January 1938, Bethune joined the Chinese to struggle against the Japanese invaders.
Please keep in mind the three parts to be included in a speech: opening, body and summary.
Try to use some words and expressions you have learned.
Do further research if necessary.
Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s speeches and share them with the class.
7
Post-writing
Good morning, everyone. It's my great honor to give a speech here. Today I’m going to introduce a great man who devoted his life to practising medicine for the people of China — Dr Norman Bethune. He was born in 1890, in Canada. He was a complicated person who was both very creative and very stubborn. He was also very hard-working, and wanted to make a difference in the world. In fact, he invented or improved numerous surgical procedures and surgical instruments.
However, it was in China that he would break national boundaries by becoming one of the few Western doctors to help the Chinese in their wartime struggle. His contribution to the welfare of the Chinese people was not only unusual, but immense.
Having married a wealthy woman, Bethune had once enjoyed a luxurious lifestyle in Canada. However, his social conscience developed during the 1930s, with a visit to the Soviet Union and time as a surgeon during the Spanish Civil War.
In January 1938, he left Canada again, this time to help the soldiers in China’s Eighth Route Army. It was no easy journey. Travelling thousands of kilometres, he did not reach Yan’an until the end of March. By June, he was working at the front. He soon saw that the medical situation for the troops and local people was bad. There were not enough medicines or surgical instruments, and the medical staff were not well trained.
Writing Sample
Bethune worked hard to help the wounded and train his staff, even inventing medical equipment that was suitable for guerilla warfare in China. The pace at which Bethune worked can be seen in a battle during April 1939, when he performed 115 operations in only 69 hours. The Chinese, though they sometimes found Bethune difficult because of his stubbornness, admired him greatly because of his ceaseless hard work and his dedication to helping the Chinese people.
But tragedy struck when Bethune cut himself while conducting an operation. He soon contracted blood poisoning and died on 12 November 1939.
Dr Norman Bethune had worked tirelessly as a surgeon, teacher and hospital administrator for the Chinese people. Their struggle became his own. Although he was not Chinese, he sacrificed his life for them.
In December 1939, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article “In Memory of Norman Bethune”, as a tribute to Bethune, and called on the Chinese people to learn from his example. Dr Norman Bethune remains the greatest inspiration for anyone who believes that we must fight alongside others for justice — even if they are from a different nation to our own.
Writing Sample
Presenting ideas
Work in groups. Look at the pictures and make a list of boundaries in society.
1
Work in groups. Look at the pictures and make a list of boundaries in society.
Boundaries in society:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1
Many old people find it difficult to communicate with the young by using smart phones or through Internet.
What may cause their problems
too old to see the words clearly
hard to understand the Internet words
difficult to operate the touch screen
…
How can we help them
The unfriendly relationship between countries leads to the crisis in their boundaries.
What may cause the boundary
different political beliefs
economic crisis
different religious beliefs(such as the current Israeli-Palestinian conflict)
…
What should people do to keep the boundary peace
In many countries, the modern buildings and the slums are found in the same area.
What may cause the boundary
different development in economy
unfair social system
different education level and class
…
How can we help those who live in the slums(贫民窟，贫民区)
Choose one of the boundaries you have listed and talk about how to break that boundary by answering the questions.
What led to the boundary
Who is affected by the boundary
What can be done to remove the boundary
How would society change if the boundary were removed
2
Take the old people's difficulty for example.
What can be done to remove the boundary
read the news for them
explain the special words that are used on the Internet
communicate with old people as much as possible
create more functions that are more suitable for them
…
How would society change if the boundary were removed
If the boundary is removed, the communication between generations can be easier. People can understand each other better, which is beneficial to the society.
Prepare a short presentation. Consider the following:
1. the structure of your presentation
2. useful words, expressions and structures
Give your presentation to the class.
3
4
Write a reflection after completing this unit. Consider the following:
1. What is your understanding of breaking boundaries
2. What text types have you learnt about What are their features
3. What words, expressions and structures have you learnt
4. What improvement have you made in understanding different cultures
5. What improvement have you made in using learning strategies and exploring effective ways of learning
6. What improvement have you made in analysing and solving problems
Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of America，made a speech on 19 November,1863 in Gettysburg，Pennsylvania in memory of the soldiers who 1.________(die)．At that time，America was 2.________(bitter) divided.For two years，its people had been deep in a civil war between South and North.The Union side won but 3.__ a great cost.People lost hope and purpose.Lincoln understood the feelings of the 4.________(civil) people.His speech gave them hope,5.______(believe) and a reason to look to the future.He gave them a new vision of 6.____ the United States of America should be,7._____(base) on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.8.__ was what the soldiers had died for.Now it was up to the living 9._________(remove) not only the divisions between North and South,10.___ the boundaries between black and white，and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
had died
bitterly
at
civilian
belief
what
based
It
to remove
but
Summary
假定你是李华，你将参加主题为"My Favorite poet" 的演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括诗人简介、你喜欢他/她的原因及你的评价等。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Writing
参考词汇：Dynasty 朝代；poem 诗; romantic 浪漫的; realistic 现实的; imagination 想象
人称
时态
段落
第三人称为主；第一人称
一般将来时；一般过去时；一般现在时
三段式结构
Tips
Homework
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! It's my great honor to give/deliver a speech here. Today, I'm going to introduce Li Bai. Li Bai was a great poet who lived in the Tang Dynasty.
What set him apart from the others was that he actually had rich imagination in his poems. He was devoted to writing poems, which made great contributions to the development of poems. Li Bai is regarded as the greatest romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty. The reason why I like him best is that his poems show his strong love for nature, friends and the people.
I admire Li Bai very much for his wonderful poems. His poems are a must-read for anyone with an interest in poems.
Thank you for listening!
Sample
Unit 4 Developing ideas
The Words That Changed A Nation
改变了一个国家的演说
阅读课件
To watch a video about slavery.
To get the historical background and meaning of “The Gettysburg Address”．
To find detailed information about the Gettysburg Address.
To give a talk about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
To organize and deliver a speech.
Learning objectives
Words and expressions
mount v. 走上，登上 44
civil adj. 公民的，国民的 44
civil war 内战 44
slave n. 奴隶
confederate adj. （美国内战期间）南部联邦的 44
union n. 联邦 44
civilian adj. 平民的；百姓的 44
division n. 分歧，分裂 44
bring forth 使产生，使出现 45
conceive v. 构想，设想 45
liberty n. 自由 45
dedicate v. 致力于，献身于 45
endure v. 持续存在 45
battlefield n. 战场 45
portion n. 一部分 45
altogether adv. 完全 45
consecrate v. 宣布... ...为神圣之处 45
hallow v. 使成为神圣 45
detract v. 减低，破坏，损害 45
nobly adv. 高尚地，崇高地 45
in vain 白白地 45
perish v. 死亡 45
influential adj. 有影响力的 47
communist adj. 共产主义的 47
Reading comprehension
Do you know Martin Luther king
Lead-in
Martin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929—April 4, 1968), African American, born in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, American clergyman, social activist and leader of the black civil rights movement.
Do you know his famous speech “I have a dream”
What’s he
What about him
The slaves were living a miserable life at that time.
Slavery should be abolished for ever.
What do you know from the pictures
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1
Pre-reading
1. How did slave owners regard their slaves
2. What was a slave’s life like
They didn’t regard them as humans but
as animals, without respecting them.
Daily life for a slave involved backbreaking labour. Slaves had to work all day long without enough rest. They were often physically abused by their owners and had no legal rights.
Look at the title and skim the passage. Choose the book in which you would most likely find the passage.
A．The Power of Speech.
B．Famous US Presidents.
C．Great Battles in History.
√
2
While-reading
Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination(刺杀) in April 1865. He successfully led his country through its greatest internal crisis, the American Civil War, preserving the Union and ending slavery.
Who is the speaker
The Words That Changed A Nation
1．Why did Lincoln give the speech
A．To help shape a nation.
B．In memory of the soldiers who died.
C．To help people in Gettysburg.
D．In memory of the people who died in his hometown.
√
Fast-reading
Para(s.) Main idea
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Paras. 4－6
2．Fast -reading for the structure and the theme of the text.
The setting of the address
The background event of the address
The main content of the address
“The Gettysburg Address” by Abraham Lincoln
Fast-reading
Para.1
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
When
Who
Where
How
a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863
a tall，thin man called Abraham Lincoln (then president)
a platform in a field in Gettysburg，Pennsylvania
This address to the crowd changed the minds of the people and helped shape a nation.
Careful-reading
The speech he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes. But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation.
What is the power of this speech
Para.1
Careful-reading
1．What was America going through
America was bitterly divided by a two-year civil war.
2．What’s the result of the war
The worst battle lasted three days at Gettysburg in 1863，with the Union side winning at a great cost of over 50,000 casualties. People lost hope and purpose.
the slave-owning Confederate Southern States
the “free” Northern States of the Union
VS
Para.2
Careful-reading
How was the battle at Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, which resulted in over 50,000 casualties.
Para.2
Careful-reading
The Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg (1-3 July 1863) was a famous battle of the American Civil War. It involved more than 160,000 men and resulted in some of the heaviest losses of the war, on both sides.
the Battle of Gettysburg 葛底斯堡战役
the American Civil War 美国内战
Para.2
Careful-reading
1．What was all this suffering for
“...a new vision of what the USA should be，based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before. It was what the soldiers had died for.”
2．What is “the new vision” of the ideals
To remove not only the _________ between North and South，but the __________ between black and white，and work step by step towards the ________ of humankind.
divisions
boundaries
equality
Para.3
Careful-reading
What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech
He wanted to give the people hope, belief and a reason to look to the future.
Para.3
Careful-reading
He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be, based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.
What are the ideals conveyed by the speech
Para.3
Careful-reading
How did Lincoln describe the founding of the US
It was a new nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Para.4
Careful-reading
What challenges did the Civil War bring to the nation
It would test whether a nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal can long endure.
Para.5
Careful-reading
How did Lincoln describe the men who fought in the war
They gave their lives so that their nation might live. They were brave men whose struggles had consecrated the ground.
Para.5
Careful-reading
What was the “great task” that Lincoln described
That this nation shall have a new birth of freedom; and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Para.6
Careful-reading
Who would be responsible for carrying out this task
The living should be dedicated to the task.
Para.6
Careful-reading
Read again and do the following exercises.
1．How long did the American civil war last
A．For two years. B．For three days.
C．For a year. D．For two months.
2．What was the central point of Lincoln’s speech
A．Helping the living.
B．The reason why the soldiers died.
C．The gradual realization of human equality.
D．A new vision for the United States of America.
√
√
The whole passage
Careful-reading
3．What was the purpose of the civil war according to Lincoln
A．To see if we’re right.
B．To see if a nation can last.
C．To bury the dead soldiers.
D．To meet on the battlefield.
4．What did Lincoln call on people to do at last
A．To forget the dead soldiers.
B．To remember what we said today.
C．To give our lives for our country.
D．To finish the unfinished business of the dead soldiers.
√
√
The whole passage
Careful-reading
Deep understanding of the speech.
1．What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech
He wanted to give the people hope，belief and a reason to look to the future.
2．Lincoln talked about government “of the people，by the people，for the people”．What does this mean
“Of the people” means that government should be made up of the people；
“by the people” means that government should be run by ordinary people；
“for the people” means that government should use its power for the people’s benefit.
“民有、民治、民享”的政府
Careful-reading
On 19 November 1863, in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
Speaker: Abraham Lincoln
Setting (date& place):
Background event:
on 19 November, 1863
in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
The Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, which resulted in over 50,000 casualties
Organise information from the passage and complete the notes.
3
Careful-reading
It would test whether a nation conceived in Liberty and delicated to the proposition that all men are created equal can long endure.
It was a new nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
1. How did Lincoln describe the founding of the US
2. What challenges did the Civil War bring to the nation
Careful-reading
They gave their lives so that their nation might live. They were brave men whose struggles had consecrated the ground.
That this nation shall have a new birth of freedom, and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
3. How did Lincoln describe the men who fought in the war
4. What was the “great task” that Lincoln described
5. Who would be responsible for carrying out this task
The living should be dedicated to the task.
Careful-reading
1 What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech
He wanted to give the people hope, belief and a reason to look to
the future.
2 Lincoln talked about government “of the people, by the
people, for the people”. What does this mean
“of the people” means that government should be made up of or
drawn from the people;
“by the people” means that government should be run by ordinary
people;
“for the people” means that government should use its power for the
people’s benefit.
Think share
Post-reading
3 What other speeches can you think of that stress the importance of breaking boundaries
Examples of famous speeches that emphasize the importance of breaking boundaries include Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" and John F. Kennedy's "Ask Not What Your Country Can Do for You."
In "I Have a Dream," Martin Luther King emphasized the importance of breaking down racial boundaries and calling for the realization of the dream that all men are created equal. In his speech, Albert Einstein mentioned that the development of science should not only be applied to technology, but should be concerned with the fate and happiness of mankind itself. In his book Ask Not What Your Country Can Do for You, John F. Kennedy encouraged people to rise above self-interest and work together for human freedom and progress.
These speeches not only had a profound impact at the time, but continue to inspire people today to push boundaries and pursue a better future.
著名的演讲中强调打破界限的重要性的例子包括马丁·路德·金的《我有一个梦》和约翰·肯尼迪的《不要问国家能为你们做些什么》等。
马丁·路德·金在《我有一个梦》中强调了打破种族隔离界限的重要性，呼吁实现人人生而平等的梦想。阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在演讲中提到，科学的发展不应仅仅应用于技术，而应关注人类本身的命运和幸福。约翰·肯尼迪在《不要问国家能为你们做些什么》中鼓励人们超越个人利益，共同为人类的自由和进步努力。
这些演讲不仅在当时产生了深远的影响，而且至今仍激励着人们不断突破界限，追求更美好的未来。
Think share
4 What efforts to break boundaries are described in the two
reading passages in this unit
In the first passage, doctors or others people of different backgrounds worked together to save people in danger. In the second passage, Lincoln called on the people of the United States to strive for a free nation where all men are equal.
Think share
Work in groups.
Give a talk about significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
1 Organise your ideas by answering the questions.
What was the US like before slavery was abolished
How was it different afterwards
In what ways did the abolition of slavery help to break boundaries
4
What was the US like before slavery was abolished
The US was divided into states in the North that prohibited slavery, and states in the South which allowed slavery and depended upon slavery economically. Slavery was a very cruel institution, and caused great human suffering in the states that permitted it. Reliance on slavery also made the South less technologically advanced than the North.
How was it different afterwards
Slaves were freed and were regarded as equal under the law, at least in theory. In practice, black Americans continued to suffer great discrimination in the South for the next hundred years, until the birth of the modern civil rights movement in the 1960s. The legacy of slavery continues to affect race relations in the US today.
In what ways did the abolition of slavery help to break boundaries
The abolition of slavery made former slaves and their former masters equal before the law. This was the first step towards true equality.
2 Do research to find more evidence to support your ideas.
3 Give your talk to the class.
Now think about effective ways to find information to support your ideas.
The significance of the abolition of slavery in the United States is mainly reflected in the fight against slavery in the South, the promotion of social progress and the development of democracy, the enhancement of national unity and stability, and the advancement of human rights and equality. The abolition of slavery is a progressive mass democratic movement in American history, which not only fought against slavery in the South, but also promoted social fairness and justice . This is also a good reflection of the theme of this lesson, which is that we need to break down borders and build more equal, free and harmonious societies.
Opinion sharing
废除奴隶制在美国的意义主要体现在打击了南方的奴隶制，促进了社会的进步和民主的发展，增强了国家的统一和稳定，以及推动了人权和平等的进步。 废除奴隶制是美国历史上一次具有进步意义的群众性民主运动，它不仅打击了南方的奴隶制，还促进了社会的公平和正义 。这也很好反映了本课的主题，即我们需要打破边界，建立更加平等、自由、和谐的社会。
Sample
Write a speech
What does a speech usually include
Body
a speech
Opening
Summary
Who the person is.
What boundary he / she has broken.
How he / she achieved this.
Comments on him / her.
Organise and write your own speech about a person who has helped to increase understanding between two countries.
Pre-writing
Read the speech on Edgar Snow and answer the questions.
Hello, everyone. Today, I’m going to introduce Edgar Snow.
Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote
influential books and articles about China in the 1930s. At a
time when relatively little was known about our country in
the Western world, his 1937 book Red Star over China
broke ideological boundaries by telling the stories of the Chinese communist movement from the inside.
influential adj 有影响力的
relatively 相对地
ideological boundaries
意识形态的界限
communist movement 共产主义运动
5
Although Snow was not the only international journalist to set
foot in China during the early decades of the 20th century,
what set him apart from the others was that he actually spent
time with the Chinese Red Army. He listened to their stories
and observed their day-to-day lives, as well as conducting
interviews with Mao Zedong and other leaders. His
biographical accounts and depictions of historical events, such as the Long March, therefore captured the spirit of the period and the people living through it with unprecedented authenticity. Snow is considered “our American friend”.
传记叙述
authenticity n 真实性；确实性
unprecedented adj 史无前例的
I admire Snow’s special insight and bravery,
risking his life during the war to get to the
heart of the story and correct prejudice. For me,
Snow’s writing, and in particular Red Star over China,
is a must-read for anyone with an interest in that period.
insight n 洞察力
冒……的风险（或危险）
1. Who was Edgar Snow
He was an American journalist who wrote influential books and articles about China in the 1930s.
2. What did he do and what boundaries did he break
He actually spent time with the Chinese Red Army and listened to their stories and observed their day-to-day lives. He also conducted interviews with Mao Zedong and other leaders. His book Red Star over China broke ideological boundaries by telling the stories of the Chinese communist movement from the inside.
Read the speech on Edgar Snow and answer the questions.
5
Useful expressions:
Opening
Today, I’m going to introduce ...
He / She is / was a doctor / social worker ..., who is / was witty/ hard-working / intelligent / ...
He / She was born in ..., in ...
He / She has broken national boundaries by doing ...
While-writing
Useful expressions:
Body
He / She made every effort to do ...
He / She is / was devoted / dedicated to doing ...
Summary
I admire his / her a sense of ...
... call on ... to learn from his / her example ...
What he / she has done is worth ...
His / Her contribution to ... is not only ... but also ...
Complete the table to organise your own speech about another person who has helped to increase understanding between two countries.
Now write your speech.
6
Here I’d like to take Henry Norman Bethune for example.
Complete the table to organise your own speech about another person who has helped to increase understanding between two countries.
6
Henry Norman Bethune
A Canadian
A famous doctor
In January 1938, Bethune joined the Chinese to struggle against the Japanese invaders.
Please keep in mind the three parts to be included in a speech: opening, body and summary.
Try to use some words and expressions you have learned.
Do further research if necessary.
Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s speeches and share them with the class.
7
Post-writing
Good morning, everyone. It's my great honor to give a speech here. Today I’m going to introduce a great man who devoted his life to practising medicine for the people of China — Dr Norman Bethune. He was born in 1890, in Canada. He was a complicated person who was both very creative and very stubborn. He was also very hard-working, and wanted to make a difference in the world. In fact, he invented or improved numerous surgical procedures and surgical instruments.
However, it was in China that he would break national boundaries by becoming one of the few Western doctors to help the Chinese in their wartime struggle. His contribution to the welfare of the Chinese people was not only unusual, but immense.
Having married a wealthy woman, Bethune had once enjoyed a luxurious lifestyle in Canada. However, his social conscience developed during the 1930s, with a visit to the Soviet Union and time as a surgeon during the Spanish Civil War.
In January 1938, he left Canada again, this time to help the soldiers in China’s Eighth Route Army. It was no easy journey. Travelling thousands of kilometres, he did not reach Yan’an until the end of March. By June, he was working at the front. He soon saw that the medical situation for the troops and local people was bad. There were not enough medicines or surgical instruments, and the medical staff were not well trained.
Writing Sample
Bethune worked hard to help the wounded and train his staff, even inventing medical equipment that was suitable for guerilla warfare in China. The pace at which Bethune worked can be seen in a battle during April 1939, when he performed 115 operations in only 69 hours. The Chinese, though they sometimes found Bethune difficult because of his stubbornness, admired him greatly because of his ceaseless hard work and his dedication to helping the Chinese people.
But tragedy struck when Bethune cut himself while conducting an operation. He soon contracted blood poisoning and died on 12 November 1939.
Dr Norman Bethune had worked tirelessly as a surgeon, teacher and hospital administrator for the Chinese people. Their struggle became his own. Although he was not Chinese, he sacrificed his life for them.
In December 1939, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article “In Memory of Norman Bethune”, as a tribute to Bethune, and called on the Chinese people to learn from his example. Dr Norman Bethune remains the greatest inspiration for anyone who believes that we must fight alongside others for justice — even if they are from a different nation to our own.
Writing Sample
Presenting ideas
Work in groups. Look at the pictures and make a list of boundaries in society.
1
Work in groups. Look at the pictures and make a list of boundaries in society.
Boundaries in society:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1
Many old people find it difficult to communicate with the young by using smart phones or through Internet.
What may cause their problems
too old to see the words clearly
hard to understand the Internet words
difficult to operate the touch screen
…
How can we help them
The unfriendly relationship between countries leads to the crisis in their boundaries.
What may cause the boundary
different political beliefs
economic crisis
different religious beliefs(such as the current Israeli-Palestinian conflict)
…
What should people do to keep the boundary peace
In many countries, the modern buildings and the slums are found in the same area.
What may cause the boundary
different development in economy
unfair social system
different education level and class
…
How can we help those who live in the slums(贫民窟，贫民区)
Choose one of the boundaries you have listed and talk about how to break that boundary by answering the questions.
What led to the boundary
Who is affected by the boundary
What can be done to remove the boundary
How would society change if the boundary were removed
2
Take the old people's difficulty for example.
What can be done to remove the boundary
read the news for them
explain the special words that are used on the Internet
communicate with old people as much as possible
create more functions that are more suitable for them
…
How would society change if the boundary were removed
If the boundary is removed, the communication between generations can be easier. People can understand each other better, which is beneficial to the society.
Prepare a short presentation. Consider the following:
1. the structure of your presentation
2. useful words, expressions and structures
Give your presentation to the class.
3
4
Write a reflection after completing this unit. Consider the following:
1. What is your understanding of breaking boundaries
2. What text types have you learnt about What are their features
3. What words, expressions and structures have you learnt
4. What improvement have you made in understanding different cultures
5. What improvement have you made in using learning strategies and exploring effective ways of learning
6. What improvement have you made in analysing and solving problems
Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of America，made a speech on 19 November,1863 in Gettysburg，Pennsylvania in memory of the soldiers who 1.________(die)．At that time，America was 2.________(bitter) divided.For two years，its people had been deep in a civil war between South and North.The Union side won but 3.__ a great cost.People lost hope and purpose.Lincoln understood the feelings of the 4.________(civil) people.His speech gave them hope,5.______(believe) and a reason to look to the future.He gave them a new vision of 6.____ the United States of America should be,7._____(base) on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.8.__ was what the soldiers had died for.Now it was up to the living 9._________(remove) not only the divisions between North and South,10.___ the boundaries between black and white，and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
had died
bitterly
at
civilian
belief
what
based
It
to remove
but
Summary
假定你是李华，你将参加主题为"My Favorite poet" 的演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括诗人简介、你喜欢他/她的原因及你的评价等。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Writing
参考词汇：Dynasty 朝代；poem 诗; romantic 浪漫的; realistic 现实的; imagination 想象
人称
时态
段落
第三人称为主；第一人称
一般将来时；一般过去时；一般现在时
三段式结构
Tips
Homework
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! It's my great honor to give/deliver a speech here. Today, I'm going to introduce Li Bai. Li Bai was a great poet who lived in the Tang Dynasty.
What set him apart from the others was that he actually had rich imagination in his poems. He was devoted to writing poems, which made great contributions to the development of poems. Li Bai is regarded as the greatest romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty. The reason why I like him best is that his poems show his strong love for nature, friends and the people.
I admire Li Bai very much for his wonderful poems. His poems are a must-read for anyone with an interest in poems.
Thank you for listening!
Sample