新概念第二册
Lesson 72 A car called Bluebird
单词精讲
racing['reisi ] n.竞赛
引申:可引申为竞争、角逐的活动或状态,不局限于速度方面的竞赛,例如“political racing”(政治角逐)。
搭配:racing car(赛车);horse racing(赛马);racing track(赛道)。
例句:Racing for the championship title is extremely intense among the top teams.(顶级球队之间争夺冠军头衔的竞赛极其激烈。)
per [p :]prep.每
引申:还可引申为根据某种比率或比例的概念。
搭配:per week(每周);per month(每月);per cent(百分之……)。
例句:They produce 1000 units per week.(他们每周生产1000个单位。)
Utah['ju:tɑ:] n.犹他(美国州名)
引申:可引申为与犹他州相关的文化、地理特征等,如Utah's unique landscape(犹他州独特的地貌)。
搭配:Utah Jazz(犹他爵士队,美国篮球队名) Utah desert(犹他沙漠)
例句:Many tourists go to Utah to enjoy its natural beauty.
(许多游客去犹他州欣赏其自然美景。)
horsepower['h :s pau ]n.马力
引申:可用于形容力量的大小,如“a person with great horsepower”(一个力量很大的人,这里是比喻用法)。
搭配:engine horsepower(发动机马力) rated horsepower(额定马力)。
例句:This car has a high - horsepower engine.(这辆汽车有一个高马力的发动机。)
词源:由horse(马)和power(力量)组合而成,最初是用来衡量马匹做功能力的单位,后来用于机械动力。
burst [b :st]v.爆裂
引申:可以表示突然发生或爆发的状态,如“burst of laughter”(突然大笑)。
搭配:burst into tears(突然哭起来) burst out(突然爆发,后面可接动名词)。
例句:The balloon burst with a loud noise.(气球伴随着一声巨响爆裂了。)
词源:源自古英语,其本义为“破裂、爆炸”。
average [' v rid ] a.平均的
引申:可表示普通的、一般水平的,如“an average student”(一个普通的学生)。
搭配:average temperature(平均温度) above - average(高于平均水平的)。
例句:The average age of the students in this class is 15.
(这个班级学生的平均年龄是15岁。)
footstep['futstep] n.足迹
引申:可引申为某人走过的路程或者发展轨迹,如“follow in someone's footstep”(追随某人的足迹,即效仿某人的做法)。
搭配:heavy footstep(沉重的脚步) footstep of history(历史的足迹)
例句:I heard his footstep on the stairs.(我听到他在楼梯上的脚步声。)
词源:由foot(脚)和step(步)组成,表示脚走过留下的痕迹。
课文精讲
The great racing driver, Sir Malcolm Campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour.
杰出的赛车选手马尔科姆.坎贝尔爵士是第一个以每小时超过300英里的速度驾车的人。
“racing”在这里是“赛车的,竞赛的”意思,作为定语修饰“driver”。
“per”表示“每”,“miles per hour”即“英里每小时”,是速度的常用表达。
在the second,the next/the last以及表示最高级的如the best,the most intelligent等后可以用to引导的不定式短语做定语,这些词语后面可以接名词或one(s),也可以不接:
She’s always the first to arrive and the last to leave.
You’re the best person to advise me about buying a house.
你是我买房子的最好顾问。
the only后必须接一个名词或one(s):
You’re the only person/one to complain.
per表示“每一,每”,通常用于商业及技术用语,日常用语大多用a/an:
You can stay at the hotel at $10 per person per night.
You must have been driving at seventy miles an/per hour.
He set up a new world record in September 1935 at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah.
他于1935年9月在犹他州的邦纳维尔盐滩创造了一项新的世界纪录。“set up”在这里是“创造(纪录)”的意思,也有“建立(组织、机构等)”的其他含义。
“Utah”是美国的一个州名,“Bonneville Salt Flats”是犹他州内的一个地名。
Bluebird, the car he was driving, had been specially built for him.
他驾驶的“蓝鸟”牌汽车是专门为他制造的。
句子结构:主语是“Bluebird”,“the car he was driving”是“Bluebird”的同位语,其中“he was driving”是定语从句,修饰“the car”;谓语是“had been built”,这是过去完成时的被动语态;“specially”是副词,修饰“built”;“for him”是状语,表示对象。
词汇精讲:“specially”表示“专门地,特别地”,强调建造这辆车是专门为他而进行的。
It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2,500-horsepower engine.
它的车身长30英尺,有一个2,500 马力的发动机。
30 feet in length 30英尺长
句子结构:这是一个并列句,由“and”连接两个分句。第一个分句的主语是“It”,指代“Bluebird”,谓语是“was”,“over 30 feet in length”是表语,表示长度;第二个分句的主语是“It”(承前省略),谓语是“had”,宾语是“a 2,500 - horsepower engine”。
词汇精讲:“horsepower”是“马力”的意思,用来衡量发动机的功率。
Although Campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first run.
尽管坎贝尔达到了每小时超过304英里的速度,但他很难把汽车控制住,因为在开始的行程中爆了一只轮胎。
have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做……有困难
He has grown a beard and I had difficulty (in) recognizing him.
the first run 开始的行程
the next run is forty miles. 下一段赛程为40英里。
Following in his father's footsteps many years later, Sir Malcolm's son, Donald, also set up a world record.
follow in one’s footsteps 步某人的后尘,仿效某人,继承某人的事业
He intends to follow in his father’s footsteps and to become a dentist.
After his attempt, Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour.
比赛结束后,坎贝尔非常失望地得知他的平均时速是299英里。
句子结构:“After his attempt”是时间状语;主语是“Campbell”;谓语是“was disappointed”,这是系表结构,表示人的情绪状态;“to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour”是原因状语,其中“that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour”是宾语从句。
词汇精讲:
“average”表示“平均的”,“average speed”即“平均速度”。
However, a few days later, he was told that a mistake had been made.
然而,几天之后,有人告诉他说弄错了。
句子结构:“However”是转折副词;“a few days later”是时间状语;主语是“he”;谓语是“was told”,这是被动语态;“that a mistake had been made”是宾语从句。
His average speed had been 301 miles per hour.
他的平均时速实际是301英里。
句子结构:主语是“His average speed”;谓语是“had been”,这是过去完成时;“301 miles per hour”是表语。
Since that time, racing drivers have reached speeds over 600 miles an hour.
从那时以来,赛车选手已达到每小时600英里的速度。
句子结构:“Since that time”是时间状语,句子使用现在完成时,主语是“racing drivers”,谓语是“have reached”,宾语是“speeds”,“over 600 miles an hour”是后置定语,修饰“speeds”。
Following in his father's footsteps many years later, Sir Malcolm's son, Donald, also set up a world record.
很多年之后,马尔科姆爵士的儿子唐纳德踏着父亲的足迹,也创造了一项世界纪录。
句子结构:“Following in his father's footsteps many years later”是伴随状语,表示方式;主语是“Sir Malcolm's son, Donald”;谓语是“set up”;宾语是“a world record”。
词汇精讲:“footstep”表示“足迹”,“follow in one's footsteps”是固定短语,意为“追随某人的脚步,效仿某人”
Like his father, he was driving a car called Bluebird.
同他父亲一样,他也驾驶着一辆名叫“蓝鸟”的汽车。
句子结构:“Like his father”是方式状语;主语是“he”;谓语是“was driving”;宾语是“a car”,“called Bluebird”是后置定语,修饰“a car”。