2025届高考英语二轮复习： 题型四 语法填空课件(共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
高考英语二轮复习
题型归纳与解题技巧
题型四 语法填空
答题步骤
01
1. 通览全文，把握文章主旨
跳过空处通览全文，把握文章的主旨、体裁、题材、段落层次及段落大意。
2. 分析文章结构，明晰句意，确定词性
根据语境，分析句子结构，确定设空处由提示词转换而来的正确词性，也可以借助句意、句式和上下文逻辑关系确定设空处所填词的词性。
3. 答案代入原文，查证纠错
初步确定答案后，代入原文以查证纠错：核实所填词是否符合文意、语义是否连贯、搭配运用是否恰当、书写是否规范(包括首字母大写)、拼写是否正确等。
七选五 答题步骤
答题技巧
02
1. 提示词为名词：
(1) 无需改变词性——变为名词复数或同根词
(2) 作定语修饰后面的名词或作表语表示"……的"——变为形容词
(3) 变为动词
2. 提示词为形容词：
(1) 表示比较级或最高级
(2) 修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句——变为副词
(3) 作主语或宾语——变为名词
技巧1：词性或词形转换
含提示词
3. 提示词为副词：表示比较级或最高级
4. 提示词为动词：既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词时考虑词性转换：
(1) 作定语——形容词、名词
(2) 作主语或宾语——名词
5. 提示词为代词：
(1) 作定语形容词性物主代词(my, its等)
(2) 作宾语人称代词宾格或名词性物主代词(them, mine等)
(3) 作动词或介词的宾语且和主语是相同的人或物——反身代词(myself, himself等)
技巧1：词性或词形转换
STEP 1：确定是否作谓语。（句中无谓语动词或者句中虽有谓语动词，但空格处与之构成并列关系。）
STEP 2：确定语态。（根据主语和动词的用法并结合语境确定使用主动语态还是被动语态。）
STEP 3：确定时态。（根据时间状语确定时态；根据并列关系确定时态；通过语境暗示确定时态；通过常用句式确定时态。）
STEP 4：确定主谓一致。（语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。）
技巧2：谓语动词
1. 非谓语动词作补足语
思维切入点——分析非谓语动词与逻辑宾语或逻辑主语的关系
形式判断：过去分词作补足语——被动、完成
动词不定式作补足语——主动、将来
动词的-ing形式作补足语——主动、进行
搭配或句型中的固定用法
技巧3：非谓语动词
2. 非谓语动词作状语
思维切入点——分析非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系
形式判断：
(1) 过去分词作状语：作时间、条件、原因等状语且与逻辑主语构成被动关系
(2) 动词的-ing形式作状语：
① 表示自然而然的结果且与逻辑主语构成主动关系；
② 作时间、条件、原因、伴随等状语且与逻辑主语构成主动关系动词
(3) 不定式作状语：
① 作目的状语；
② only to do/to be done表意料之外的结果；
③ "主语+系动词+表语(表特征或性质的形容词)+to do"中动词不定式主动形式表被动意义；
④ 表思想感情的形容词或过去分词作表语时后接动词不定式作原因状语
技巧3：非谓语动词
3. 作表语：
成分判断——提示词为动词，句中缺少表语
形式判断——表示"令人......的"-动词的-ing形式
表示"感到.....的"或"受/被....."过去分词
表示具体的动作- 动词不定式
表示概念性的动作-动词的-ing形式
4. 作宾语：
作介词的宾语——动词的-ing形式
aim, want等动词后作宾语——动词不定式
imagine, enjoy等动词后作宾语——动词的-ing形式
remember, forget等动词后接动词的-ig形式和动词不定式意义不同
技巧3：非谓语动词
作主语：
成分判断——提示词为动词，句中缺少主语
形式判断——表示具体、特定的行为——动词不定式
表示抽象、一般的行为——动词的-ing形式
根据固定句型确定使用动词的-ing形式或动词不定式
技巧3：非谓语动词
作定语：
形式判断：
表示被动、正在进行——being done
表示被动、将要发生——to be done
过去分词作定语——①表示被动、完成 ②表示"感到……的"
动词的-ing形式作定语——①表示主动、正在进行 ②表示"令人……的"
动词不定式作定语：作由序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词的定语；作由the only, the last等修饰的名词的定语；作ability, plan, chance等名词的定语
技巧3：非谓语动词
形式主语或形式宾语——it
代词、代替上文提到的单数名词或不可数名词——it
技巧4：考查代词
冠词：
(1) a或an：①表示泛指 ②与序数词连用表示"又一，再一"
(2) the：①表示特指 ②与序数词连用表示顺序
介词：
(1) 可能使用介词：①空格后为名词动名词或what从句，且不作主语或动词的宾语 ；②空格前为动词且空格后为名词或动名词
(2) 根据语境或固定搭配确定使用介词
技巧4：考查代词
技巧5：考查冠词和介词
无提示词
并列连词：and, but, yet, or, so, for等
主从复合句：
(1) 定语从句
关系副词——when, where, why 关系代词——that, which, who, whom, whose
(2) 名词性从句
that, if, whether
连接代词——what, who, whom, which等 连接副词——when, where, how, why等
(3) 状语从句
表条件——if, unless 表让步——though, although 表原因——because, as, since
表结果——so...that..., such...that.. 表时间——when, while, as, before, after, since, until
技巧6：考查并列连词和主从复合句
题型训练
03
【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】
题型训练
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 1 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 2 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel "sepals(萼片)" made of glass and aluminium(铝). These sepals open on warm days 3 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 4 (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6 first time.
1. 答案：engineering 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处修饰名词techniques，应用动名词作定语。故填engineering。
2. 答案：functional 解析：考查形容词。此处修饰名词structure，应用形容词。故填functional。
3. 答案：to give 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词open，此处应用非谓语动词；此处表示目的，应用不定式。故填to give。
4. 答案：closed 解析：考查形容词。根据系动词stays可知，此处作表语，且表示"关闭的"，应用形容词。故填closed。
5. 答案：walks 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。本句描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语the Silk Route Garden是单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
6. 答案：the解析：考查冠词。for the first time是固定搭配，意为"第一次"。故填the。
【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】
题型训练
These plants included modern Western 7 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands 8 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 9 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10 (rich) of gardening in England.
7. 答案：favourites解析：考查名词。modern Western是形容词，此处应用名词；favourite是可数名词，应用名词复数。故填favourites。
8. 答案：as解析：考查介词。stand as是固定搭配，意为"作为"。故填as。
9. 答案：that/which解析：考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Silk Route，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
10. 答案：richness解析：考查名词。根据the和of可知，此处应用名词；rich的名词形式为richness，是不可数名词。故填richness。
【2024·新课标Ⅱ卷】
题型训练
Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念) Tang Xianzu, 1 is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 2 (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. "Some of the things that Tang was writing about 3 (be) also Shakespeare's concerns. I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 4 Romeo and Juliet."
1. 答案：who 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tang Xianzu，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。
2. 答案：themes 解析：考查名词。common是形容词，修饰名词；根据there are可知，此处应用名词复数。故填themes。
3. 答案：were 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。本句描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语Some of the things是复数，动词应用复数形式。故填were。
4. 答案：to 解析：考查介词。be similar to是固定搭配，意为"与……相似"。故填to。
【2024·新课标Ⅱ卷】
题型训练
5. 答案：inspired 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词；动词inspire和主语a six-meter-tall pavilion是动宾关系，应用过去分词。故填inspired。
6. 答案：was built 解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。本句描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；动词build和主语a six-meter-tall pavilion是动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语a six-meter-tall pavilion是单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填was built。
7. 答案：visibility 解析：考查名词。international是形容词，修饰名词；visible的名词形式为visibility，是不可数名词。故填visibility。
8. 答案：to find 解析：考查非谓语动词。be amazed to do sth.是固定搭配，意为"对做某事感到惊讶"。故填to find。
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 5 (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, 6 (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international 7 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 8 (find) the connection between the two great writers.
【2024·新课标Ⅱ卷】
题型训练
9. 答案：Recalling
解析：考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词said，此处应用非谓语动词；主语Edmondson和动词recall是主谓关系，应用现在分词。注意首字母大写。故填Recalling。
10. 答案：and
解析：考查连词。hear the Chinese language和see how Tang's play was being performed是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
9 (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, "It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 10 see how Tang's play was being performed."
【2023·新课标Ⅰ卷】
题型训练
1. 答案：tasty 解析：考查形容词。此处和形容词hot并列，修饰名词soup，应用形容词。故填tasty。
2. 答案：to bite 解析：考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为"决定做某事"。故填to bite。
3.答案：or 解析：考查连词。whether...or...是固定搭配，意为"是……还是……"。故填or。
4. 答案：recognized 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处修饰名词home，且和home是动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填recognized。
5. 答案：by 解析：考查介词。by hand是固定搭配，意为"用手工"。故填by。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, 1 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 2 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出), 3 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌头).
Shanghai may be the 4 (recognize) home of the soup dumpling, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace. There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 5 hand rather than rolled.
【2023·新课标Ⅰ卷】
题型训练
6. 答案：to be lifted 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词have，此处应用非谓语动词；lift和them指代的xiao long bao是动宾关系；且此处构成allow sth. to be done结构，意为"允许某事被做"。故填to be lifted。
7. 答案：their 解析：考查代词。此处修饰名词contents，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
8. 答案：a 解析：考查冠词。a touch of是固定搭配，意为"少许，微量"。故填a。
9. 答案：rarely 解析：考查副词。此处修饰形容词enough，应用副词。故填rarely。
10. 答案：wanting 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是"leave sb.+宾语补足语"结构，主语I和动词want是主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填wanting。
Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 6 (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 7 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 8 touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 9 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 10 (want) more next time.
【2023·新课标Ⅱ卷】
题型训练
1. 答案：arrival 解析：考查名词。根据the和of可知，此处应用名词；arrive的名词形式为arrival，是不可数名词。故填arrival。
2. 答案：confident 解析：考查形容词。根据comfortable and可知，此处应用形容词。故填confident。
3. 答案：with 解析：考查介词。talk with sb.是固定搭配，意为"和某人交谈"。故填with。
4.答案：the 解析：考查冠词。根据used for the medical training instructions可知，此处表示特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
5.答案：visiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处修饰名词Chinese zookeepers，且Chinese zookeepers和动词visit是主谓关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填visiting。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach… the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 1 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2 (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 3
Not the pandas, even though 4 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【2023·新课标Ⅱ卷】
题型训练
6. 答案：interviews 解析：考查名词。此处作动词give的宾语，应用名词；interview是可数名词，应用名词复数。故填interviews。
7. 答案：why 解析：考查表语从句。此处引导表语从句，从句结构完整，且表示"……的原因"。故填why。
8. 答案：Basically 解析：考查副词。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词。注意首字母大写。故填Basically。
9. 答案：and 解析：考查连词。to watch the panda programme develop和to see the pandas settle into their new home是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
10. 答案：wished 解析：考查动词时态。根据when I grew up可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填wished。
They also need to be ready to give 6 (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 7 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 8 (basic), how to describe a panda's life. It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 9 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 10 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
【2022·新课标Ⅰ卷】
题型训练
1. 答案：Covering 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词will be，此处应用非谓语动词；主语the GPNP和动词cover是主谓关系，应用现在分词。注意首字母大写。故填Covering。
2. 答案：the 解析：考查冠词。倍数表达法的结构是"倍数+the size of+名词"，此处应用定冠词。故填the。
3. 答案：were 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。本句描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语areas是复数，动词应用复数形式。故填were。
4. 答案：to increase 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示目的，应用不定式。故填to increase。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). 1 (cover) an area about three times 2 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3 (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4 (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
【2022·新课标Ⅰ卷】
题型训练
5. 答案：is designed 解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。本句描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；动词design和主语The GPNP是动宾关系，应用被动语态；The GPNP是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is designed。
6. 答案：and 解析：考查连词。根据protecting..., preserving..., protecting..., leaving…可知，本句连接多个并列成分，应用并列连词and。故填and。
7. 答案：populations 解析：考查名词。separate是形容词，修饰名词；population是可数名词，应用名词复数。故填populations。
8. 答案：eventually 解析：考查副词。此处修饰动词achieve，应用副词。故填eventually。
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5 (design) to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 6 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产) for future generations". The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7 (population) and homes of giant pandas, and 8 (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
【2022·新课标Ⅰ卷】
题型训练
9. 答案：as
解析：考查介词。serve as是固定搭配，意为"充当"。故填as。
10. 答案：that
解析：考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the species，且前有不定代词all，应用关系代词that。故填that。
Giant pandas also serve 9 an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
题型训练
①考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在since引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，根据主句的谓语动词have emerged可知从句用一般过去时，works与include之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语works是复数，所以be动词用were。故填were included。
②考查不可数名词。空处用名词作宾语，recognition是不可数名词。故填recognition。
③考查现在分词。本句已有谓语动词 have been translated，所以空处的动词作非谓语，cover与Chinese online literary works之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填covering。
④考查介词。此处为with复合结构。故填with。
⑤考查动词不定式。willingness to do sth."做某事的意愿"。故填to pay。
Since sixteen literature works ①________(include) in the British Library, one of the world's largest libraries, online novels with distinctive Chinese features have emerged as an important way for cross-cultural communication.
After 20 years of overseas development, China's online literature has gained ②________ (recognize) among the global readership. According to a report, Chinese online literary works have been translated into 20 languages,③________ (cover) more than 40 countries and regions. Online literature is becoming a successful cultural communication for China,④________ international readers showing a strong and growing willingness ⑤________ (pay)for Chinese online literature.
题型训练
⑥考查代词。空处用代词代指上文出现的Online literature。故填it。
⑦考查过去分词。过去分词作后置定语。故填adapted。
⑧考查副词。副词作状语修饰形容词growing。故填evidently。
⑨考查非限制性定语从句。空处是"介词+关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Chinese online literature，指物，所以用关系代词which。故填which。
⑩考查可数名词复数。空处与ways是并列宾语，所以用可数名词复数。故填origins。
Some insiders have even listed ⑥________ as one of the four cultural wonders of the world, alongside Hollywood blockbusters, Japanese animations, and idol dramas from ROK TV series ⑦________ (adapt) from online literary works are popular both at home and abroad.
The ⑧________ (evident) growing Chinese online literature in overseas markets offers a totally new worldwide lens into understanding China, through ⑨________ overseas readers could not only learn more about Chinese cultural elements and core values such ns diligence, harmony and cooperation, but also realize the different cultural ⑩________ (origin) and ways of thinking between China and the West.
题型训练
①考查定语从句。本句是非限定性定语从句，先行词是LLM “Xunzi”，在从句中充当主语。故填which。
②考查被动语态。主语是“中国文化传统”，根据句意可知应该使用被动语态，横线前有情态动词can。故填be mined。
③考查动词词组。这个模型的名字叫荀子，也就是说它是以荀子的名字命名的，以……的名字命名的英文是“be named after/for”。故填after/for。
④考查主谓一致。comprise是动词，意思是“包括”，它的主语是“this model”，是单数；文章通篇使用一般现在时，所以comprise的时态也应该是一般现在时。故填comprises。
Recently, a Chinese college research team has released China’s first large language model (LLM) “Xunzi”,①______ uses deep learning techniques and massively big data sets to help conduct research on ancient Chinese books. With the model, more information hidden in our cultural legacy can②______ (mine) for.
This model, named③______ Xun Zi, one of the most celebrated philosophers in ancient China for his Confucian classic Xunzi, ④______ (comprise) the majority of Chinese ancient books and documents.
题型训练
⑤考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语aims to，此处应用非谓语动词，它的逻辑主语是the system（系统），二者呈被动关系，应该使用过去分词形式，同时还要注意句首首字母大写。故填Designed。
⑥考查连词。分析句子可知，这个句子的谓语动词有三个，分别是promote（提升），enhance（增强），boost（促进），这三个动词是并列关系，按照简单句语法结构要求，需要在最后两个动词之间添加连词，根据句意可知，and表示并列关系，符合题意。故填and。
⑦考查冠词。空后的词组是“painstaking and laborious challenge”，可知中心词是challenge，此处是可数名词，意思是“挑战”，可数名词单数前需要添加冠词，分析句意可知，本题并不表示特指，应该使用不定冠词。故填a。
⑤ ______ (design) to intelligently process ancient texts, the system aims to promote innovative development in the research and preservation of Chinese ancient books, enhance the efficiency and quality of the legacy of traditional Chinese culture, ⑥ ______ boost integration between LLM and ancient book processing.
The research on Chinese traditional classics is ⑦ ______ painstaking and laborious challenge.
题型训练
⑧考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语have worked，此处应用非谓语动词，它的逻辑主语是前面一整句话：“团队将国学经典数字化”，二者呈主动关系，应用现在分词。故填laying。
⑨考查形容词。此处为“make sth. adj.”结构，应用形容词。access的形容词形式是accessible（可使用的）。故填accessible。
⑩考查副词。此处修饰动词shared，应该填副词充当状语，handsome的副词是handsomely。故填handsomely。
Since 2013, the team have worked tirelessly to digitize Chinese classics like the Siku Quanshu, ⑧______ (lay) a solid foundation for the large language mitted to the philosophy of making their data and mode ⑨______ (access) worldwide, the team have a broader perspective targeting global users. To this end, they have ⑩______ (handsome) shared the LLM on the Internet, enabling more individuals to appreciate traditional Chinese culture.
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